REFERENCES - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/38561/12/12_chapter 7.p… · Abou El-Nour MS, Saeed MA, Morsy MA (2000) Effect of potassium fertilization under

C H A PTER 7

REFERENCES

C H A P T E R 7

R E F E R E N C E S

Abayc AO (1996) Potassium fertilization o f cotton. V irginia Coperative

Hxten,sion Scrvicc, Blacksburg, VA. Publication N um ber 418-425

y\bdcl-Cihaffar AS, Alter 11 A, A lhalfawe MH, A bdcl-Salam A A (1982) Effects

o f nodulatioii, nitrogen fertilizer, salinity and water stress on sym biotic N2

fixation by Vicia fa b a and Phaseoltis vulgaris. In: Graham P I I, H arris S C (cds)

Biological Nitrogen Fixation Technology for Tropical Agriculture. Centro

International dc Agricultura Tropical, Cali, Colom bia, pp 153-159

Abdin MZ, Dvvivedi RK, Abrol YP (2005) N itrogen in agriculture. In; Singh RP,

Shankar N, Jaivval PK (eds) N itrogen nutrition and plant productivity. Stadium

Press, Te.xas, pp 1-41

Abou El-Nour MS, Saeed M A, M orsy M A (2000) Effect o f potassium

fertilization under two planting dates on yield, yield com ponents and some

technological and chemical properties o f G iza 80 cotton culdvar. Egypt J A grie

Res 78: 1219-1231

Abrol YP, Chatterjee WR, K um ar PA, Jain V (1999) Im provem ent in nitrogen

use efficiency: Physiological and m olecular approaches. C urr Sci 76: 1357-1364

A dams M W (1967) Basis o f yield com ponent com pensation in crop plants with

special reference to the field bean, Phaseolus vulgaris. C rop Sci 7: 505-510

A gboola AA, Fayemi AAA (1972) Fixation and excretion o f N by tropical

legumes. Agron J 64: 409-412

A hm ad N (1998) Foliar fertilization in Pakistan: Status, Scope and Constraints.

Proc. Symp. “Foliar Fertilization: A technique to im prove production and

decrease pollution” 10-14 Dec. 1995 Cairo, Egypt, In: El-Fouly M M , A bdalla FE,

Abdel -M aguid (eds) N RC, Cairo, pp 7-15

A hm ed AHH, Khalil M K, Farrag AM (2000) N itrate accum ulation, growth, yield

and chem ical com position o f R ocket (Eriica versicaria subsp. sativa) plant as

affected by NPK fertilization, kinetin and salicylic acid. In: Proceedings o f

ICEH M 2000, Cairo University, Egypt, pp 495-508

89

Ahmed r'F, M oham m ad MA (!991) Behavior o f Anna, a new ly introduce apple

cuUivar, under diff erenf rates and m ethods o f nitrogen application. A nn Agric Sci

M oshtohor 29:497-512

Ahmed N , Davide JG, Sleem M l' (1988) Fertility status o f soils in dry land area

o f Pakistan. Proc. Int. Sem. “Dry Land Agric. o f Pakistan” 6-8 Nov. 1988 Fauji

l<’erliii/.cr Company Ltd. Lahore, Pakistan, pp 22-49

Ali A AG , Movvafy SAE (2003) Effect o f different levels o f potassium and

phosphorus fertilizer with the foliar application o f zinc and boron on peanut in

sandy soil. Zaga/Jg J Agric 30: 335-358

Ali M, Kum ar S (2008) W ide array o f im proved varieties. The Hindu Survey o f

Indian Agriculture, pp 43-46

Al-Karaki GN, Clark RB, Sullivan CY (1995) Effects o f phosphorus and water

stress levels on growth and phosphorus uptake o f bean and sorghum culti^'ars. J

P lan tN u tr 18: 563-578

Aioni BT, Pashkar, Karnia L (1991) N itrogen supply influences carbohydrates

partitioning o f pepper seedlings and transplant developm ent. J Am Soc Hort Sci

116:995-999

Am aliotis D, Therios I, Karatissiou M (2004) E flect o f nitrogen fertilization on

growth, leaf nutrient concentration and photosynthesis in three peach cultivars.

ISHS A cta H orticulturae 449: 36-42

A ndrew CS (1977) Nutritional constraints o f legume sym biosis. In rVincent JM ,

W hitney AS, Bose J (eds) Exploiting the \egi\mQ-Rhizobium sym biosis in

tropical agriculture. College o f Trop. Agric. M iscellaneous Publications 145,

Univ o f Hawaii, pp 253-274

Andrews M , Hill GD, Raven JA, Sprent JI (1992) N itrate effects on leaf grow th

o f grain legumes prior to nodulation: species difference relate to nitrate uptake.

Proceedings o f the l®"̂ European conference on grain legum es, pp 139-140

A neela S, M uhammed A, A khtar M E (2003) E ffect o f potash on boll

characteristics and seed cotton yield in newly developed highly resistant cotton

varieties. Pak J Biol Sci 6 : 793-796

A njana, Umar S, Iqbal M (2006) Identification o f characteristics affecting

nitrogen utilization efficiencies in wheat cultivars. A rch Agron Soil Sci 53(4):

459-472

90

® Anjaiia, Um ar S, Icjbal M (2009) Effect o f applied potassium in increasing the

potential for nitrogen assim ilation in Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). c-ifc 20: 8 -

10

• Antoun II, liordeleau LM, Gagnon C (1978) A ntagonism e entre Rhizohium

m elilofi ct Fiisarinni oxysporum en relation avec I’efficacite sym biotique.

Canadian Journal o l'P lan t Sciences 58: 75-78

• Appleby CA, Bergerson FJ (1980) in: Bergerson, FJ (ed) M ethods for evaluating

Biological N itrogen Fixation. John W iley and Sons, N ew York, p 315

• Arnon DI (1949) Copper enzym es in isolated chloroplasts; Polyphenoloxidase in

Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiol 24: 1-15

• Asfary AF, Charaneky A (1995) N itrogen fertilizer use efficiency studies using

'^N labelled fertilizes in Syria. In; Ryan J (ed) A ccom plishm ents and future

challenges in dry land soil fertility research in the M editerranean Area. Proc. o f

Soil Fertility W orkshop, 19-23 N ov. 1995 ICARDA, A leppo Syria, pp 64-70

® Ashley DA, Goodson RD (1972) Effect o f tim e and plant potassium status on ''*C

labeled photosynthate movement in cotton. Crop Sci 12 : 586-690

® A ubert S, Bligny R, Gout E, Ratcliffe RG, Roberts JKM (2001) Contribution o f

glutam ate dehydrogenase to mitochondrial glutam ate m etabolism studied by '^C

and nuclear magnetic resonance. J Exp Bot 52: 37-45

® Badarneh DMD (2005) Crop nitrogen uptake in a legunie-w heat rotation using

’^N methodology. Dirasat Agricultural Sciences 32:229-238

• Badam eh DMD, Ghawi lO (1994) Effectiveness o f inoculation on biological

nitrogen fixation and w ater consum ption by lentil under ra in fed conditions. Soil

Biol B iochem 26: 1-5

• Barber SA (1995) Soil nutrient bioavailability: A m echanistic Approach. 2 ”'̂

edition, John Wiley and S o n s , N ew York

® Bark P, Chein Y (1983) Effect o f potassium fertilization on iron deficiency.

Conim un Soil Sci Plant A nalysis 14: 945-950

® Barran JE, Pasini RJ, Davis DW, Stuthman DD, Graham PH (1999) Response to

selection for seed yield and nitrogen (Nz) fixation in com m on bean {Phaseolus

vulgaris L.). Field Crops Res 62: 119-128

91

Basile B, Reidel lU, W einbauni SA, Dejong TM (2003) Leaf potassium

concentratiin), COi exchange and light interception in alm ond Irccs Prunits

ihilvis. Sci Hortic 98 ; 185-194

Bcdnarz CW , Oostcrhiiis DM (1996) Physiological aspects o f potassium

deficiency in cotton. IX International Colloquium “O ptim ization o f plant

nutrition" (S-15 Sept. 1996 Prague-Czcch Republic

Bednarz CW , Oosterhuis DM (1999) Physiological changes associated with

potassium deficiency in cotton. J Plant N utrition 22; 303-313

Bednarz CW, Oosterhuis DM, Evans RD (1998) L eaf photosynthesis and carbon

isotope discrim ination o f cotton in response to potassium deficiency. Environ

Exp Hot 39: 131-139

Beevers L, I lageman RII (1969) N itrate reduction in h igher plant. Plant Physiol

20: 495-522

Bellore SK, Mall LR (1975) Chlorophyll contcnt as an ccological index o f dry

matter production. J Indian Bot See 54(l--2): 75-77

Bcrgcrsen FJ (1971) Biochemistry o f symbiotic nitrogen fixation in legumes.

Annto Rev Plant Physiol 22: 121-138

Beringer H (1980) The role o f potassium in yield form ation. In: Saurat A , EI~

Fouly MM (eds) Proc. Int. W orkshop “Role o f K in production” 20-22 Nov.

1979 Cairo, pp 7-12

Berm er E, Kessel CV, Nelson L, Rennie RJ, Rennie D A (1990) Selection o f

R hizobiim leguminosarum strain for lentil {Lens culinaris M edic) under grow th

room and field conditions. Plant Soil 12: 47-56

Bharati MP, Wliigham DK, Voss RD (1986) Soybean response to tillage and

nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application. Agron J 18: 947-950

Blasser RE, Brady N C (1950) N utrient com petition in p lant associations, A gron J

42: 128-135

Blevins DG (1985) Role o f potassium in protein m etabolism in plants. In:

M unson (ed) Potassium in Agriculture.

Blevins DG, Barnett NM, Frost WB (1978a) Role o f potassium and malate in

nitrate uptake and translocation by wheat seedling. Plant physiol 62: 784-788

92

Blevins DCi, Hiuit AJ, Lowe Rf i, I .cggett JE (1978b) Inniiencc o f potassium on

ihc uptake, translocatitm and reduction o f nitrate by barley seedlings. Agron J 70:

393-396

Bootc K J, Ciallaher RN, Robertson WK, Hinson K, H am m ond LC (1978) EiTect

o f foliar fertilization on photosynthesis, leaf nutrition and yield o f soybeans.

Agron J 70: 787-791

Boole KJ, Jones JW, Batchelor WD, N afziger ED, M yers O (2003) Gcnctic

eoefficient.s in the crop grow th-soybean model: Links to field perform ance and

genom ics. Agron J 95: 32-51

Borges R, M allarino AP (2000) C3rain yield, early growth and nutrient uptake o f

no-till soybean as affected by phosphorus and potassium placem ent. Agron J

380-388

Borges R, M allarino AP (2003) Broadcast and deep-band placem ent o f

phosphorus and potassium for soybean m anaged with ridge tillage. Soil Sci Sac

Am J 67: 1920-1927

Boyer TC , Stout PR (1959) The M icro nutrients elements. Ann Rev Plant Physiol

10 :277

Bradford M M (1976) A rapid and sensitive m ethod for the quantification o f

m icrogram quantities o f protein utilizing the principle o f protein dye binding.

Anal B iochem 72: 248-254

B rem er JM, M ulvaney CS (1982) N itrogen total. In: M ilier RH, Kenney D R (eds)

M ethods o f Soil Analysis. M edison, W ise., ASA, pp 595-622

Brharaprakash GP, Girisha HC, V ithal N , Laxm ipathy R , Hedge SV (2007)

Liquid Rhizobium inoculants form ulations to enhance biological nitrogen fixation

in food legumes. Journal o f Food Legumes 20(1): 75-79

Brockw eli J, Bottomley PJ, Thies JE (1995) M anipulation o f rhizobia m icroflora

for im proving legume productivity and soil fertility: a critical assessm ent. Plant

Soil 174: 143-180

Brouder SM, Cassman KG (1990) Root developm ent o f two cotton cultivars in

relation to potassium uptake and plant grow th in verm icuiitie soil. Fieid Crops

Res 23: 3-4

Brow n JR, Christy M, Smith GS (1993) Nitrate in soils and plants. In:

A gricultural publication G9804, M issouri-Colum bia.

93

Buah SS’J. Polite) TA, Killorn R (2000) No tillage soybean response to banded

and bmadca,st and dircct and re.sidual phosphorus and potassium appHcation.

Agron J 92: 657-662

Burns H A , 1-belhar M W (2006) N utrient uptake o f m aize affectcd by nitrogen

and potassium tertility in a hum id subtropical environm ent. Com m un Soil Sci

Plant A nal 37: 275-293

Burten JW , Brim CA, Rowlings JO (1983) Perform ance o f nodulating and non-

nondulating soybean iso-lincs in m ixed culture with nodulating cuitivars. Crop

Sci 23: 469.473

Cabrera IR (2004) Evaluating yield and quality o f roses w ith respect to nitrogen

fertiii/iition and leaf nitrogen status. ISI IS A cta H orticulturae 511: 49-55

Cakm ak I, H engler C, M arshner H, (1994) Partitioning o f shoot and root dry

matter and carbohydrates in bean plants suffering from phosphorus, potassium

and m agnesium detlciency. J Exp Bot 45: 1245-1250

Casadesiis J, Tapia Luis, Lambers H (1995) Regulation o f K'*' and N O j' fluxes in

roots o f sunflower {H elianthm annuus) after changes in light intensity. Physiol

Plant 93: 279-285

Casanova E (2000) Phosphorus and potassium fertilization and m ineral nutrition

o f soybean. Intercieneia 25: 92-95

Cassm an KG, Dobermann A , W alters DT (2002) Agro ecosystem s, nitrogen use

efficiency, and nitrogen management. A M BIO 31: 132-140

Cassm an KG, Kerkby TA, Roberts BA, B iyant DC, Brouder SM (1989)

Differential response o f tw o cotton cuitivars to fertilizer and soil potassium .

Agron J 81: 870-876

Cassman KG, Roberts BA, Bryant DC (1992) Cotton response to residual

fertilizer potassium on vermiculitic soil, organic m atter and sodium effects. Soil

Sci Soc Am J5 6 : 823-830

Chanway CP, Hynes RK, N elson LM (1989) Plant growth prom oting

rhizobacteria: effects on growth and nitrogen fixation o f lentil and pea. Soil

B iology and Biochemistry 21 :511-517

Chapin FS, Bloom AJ, Field CB, W aring RH (1987) P lant responses to m ultiple

environm ental factors. Bioscience 37: 49-57

94

Chalterjcc A, Bhattacliarjee ? (2002) Influence o f com bined inoculation with

RhiznhiuiH and plKwphobacteria on mimgbcan in field. J M ycopathol Res 40:

201-203

Chen JX , Xiian JX, Du CL, Xie JC (1996) Effect o f potassium and m oisture on

rape growth and nutrient uptake. Pcdosphere 6(1): 81-88

Chui J, Shibles R (1984) Influence o f spatial arrangem ents o f maize on

perform ance o f an associated soybean inter-crop. Field Crop Res 8 : 187-198

Clenient-Bailey J, Gvvathmey CO (2007) Potassium effects on partitioning, yield,

and earliness o f contrasting cotton cuhivars. A gron J 99: 1130-1136

Coale I'J, Grove ,111 (1990) Root distribution and shoot developm ent in no-till

full season and double crop soybean. Agron J 82: 606-612

Cooper TO, Beevers H (1969) M itochondria and glyoxysom es from castor bean

endosperm. J Biol Chem 244: 3507-3513

Cordovilla MD, Ligero PF, Llunch C (1999) Effect o f salinity on growth

nodulation and nitrogen assim ilation in nodules o f faba bean (V icia fa b a L.).

Applied Soil Ecoi 11:1-7

Craie II, Heichcl G (1981) Nitrogen fixation and vegetative regrovvth o f alfalfa

and birdsfoot trefoil after successive harvests o f floral debudding. Plant

Physiology 67: 898-905

Culin TA, M uller AJ, Laurie SA, Leigh RA (2003) Potassium activities in cell

com partm ents o f salt-grovvii barley leaves. J Exp Bot 54: 657-661

Cullimore JV, Bennett MJ (1988) The m olecular biology and biochem istry o f

plant glutamine synthetase from root nodules o f P haseolns vulgaris L. and other

legumes. Plant Physiol 132: 387-393

Dahlm ann C, von Fragstein NP (2006) Influence o f different seed rates, sowing

techniques and N supply on grain yield and quality param eters in intercropping

systems.

Dalai R C (1977) Effects o f intercropping o f maize w ith soya bean on grain yield.

Trop A gric 54: 189-191

D am on PM, Osborne LD, Rengel Z (2007) Canola genotypes differ in potassium

efficiency during vegetative growth. Euphytica 156: 387-397

95

Dauglurv’ CS'i', Wahha!! Cl., Kini MS, Brown dc Colstoun 12, M cM urtrey JIE

(2(}()()) lislimatiiig corn leaf chlorophyll concentration Irom leaf and canopy

rcllcctance. Rcfn Sens o f Hrivironnicnl 74; 229-239

Dennis BI', i^ruening WP (2003) Seed niim bcr and yield o f grain crops-

Photosynthesis and sink characteristics. J Plant Physiol (special issue); 49-54

Dibb DW , I'hom pson W R (1985) Interaction o f potassium with other nutrients.

In: M unson RD (ed) Potassium in agriculture. ASA, CSSA, SSSA, Madi.son, Wis.

pp 515-533

D iver SO, Smith M W , M cNew RW (1985) Foliar application o f potassium

sulphate, potassium nitrate, urea and am m onium nitrate on pecan seedlings. Hort

Sci 20: 422-425

D ownes M l’ (1978) An im proved hydrazine reduction m ethod for the autom ated

determ ination of low nitrate levels in freshwater. W ater Res 12: 673-675

Dunlop J, Tom kins B (1976) Genotypic differences in potassium transiocation in

lyegrass. In; W ardlaw IF, Passioura JB (eds) Transport and transfer processes in

plants. Academ ic Press Inc, London, pp 145-152

Dutta R, Gogoi PK, Lalram hluni R, Thakur AC, Deka NC (2001) Effects o f

levels o f lime and potash on production o f groundnut, Crop Res Hisar 26; 420-23

Eakin JH (1972) Food and fertilizer. In: The fertilizer handbook. The fertilizer

Institute, W ashington, DC pp 1-21

Ebelhar SA, Varsa EC (2000) Tillage and potassium placem ent effects on

potassium utilization by corn and soybean, Comm un Soil Sci Plant Anal 31: 11-

14

Eddy D (2000) A future for foliars. Am erican Vegetable G row er 1; 46-47

Egli D B (1998) Seed biology and the yield o f grain crops. CAB International,

W allingford, UK.

Egli M A, Griffith SM, M iller SS, A nderson MP, V ance CP (1989) N itrogen

assim ilating enzyme activities and enzym e protein during developm ent and

senescence of effective and plant gene-controlled ineffective alfalfa nodules.

Plant Physiology 91: 898-904

Eid ET, Abdel-Aal M H, Ismail MS, W assel M M (1997) Cotton nutrition and

growth regulators. Proc FAO -IRCRNC “Joint m eeting o f working groups 3 and

4” 20-23 M arch 1995, Cairo, Egypt p p 189-190

96

• !l, Classen N, Steingrobe B (2()02) Potassium efUciency

mechanism s oi'whejU, barley, and sugar bcel grown on a K, fixing sail controlled

condilions. J Plant N utr Soil Sci 165: 732-737

• insheikh I-A!% Ibrahim KA (1999) The ef'fect o f B radyrh izoh im t inoculation on

yield and seed quality o f guar {Cyamopsis lelragonoloha L.). Food Chem 65:

183-187

• livans liJ , N ason A (1953) Pyridine nueleotide-nitratc reductase from extracts o f

higher plants. Plant Physiol 28: 233-254.

• F.vans HJ, W ildes RA (1971) Potassium and its role in enzym e activation, hi:

Potassium in biochemistry and physiology. International Potash Institute, Berne,

Switzerland pp 13-39

• Fageria NK , Barbosa MP, da Costa JGC (2001) Potassium use efficiency in

com m on bean genotypes. J Plant N utr 24: 1937-1945

« Fageria NK, Baligar VC (2001) Lowland rice response to nitrogen fertilizer.

Comm. S o il Sci, Plant Anal 32: 14054429

® Fageria N K, Baligar VC (2003) M ethodology for evaluation o f lowland rice

genotypes for niti'ogen use efficiency. J Plant N utr 26: 1315-1333

• Fageria N K , Baligar VC (2005) Enhancing nitrogen use efficiency in crop plants.

Adv A gron 88: 97-165

• Fageria NK, Baligar VC, Jones CA (1997) Growth and m ineral nutrition o f field

crops. 2"*̂ ed. Marcel D ekker, N ew York p 624

® Fan S, X u Y, Zhang C (1999) Effects o f nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on

the developm ent o f cotton bolls in summer. A cta Gossypii Sin 11: 24-30

® FA OSTA T (2007) Food and A griculture Organisation o f the United N ations

Rome.http://faostat.fao.org

® Faulkner, SP (1999) Foliar feeding when your plants need it fast. The grow ing

Edge. M ay-June 42-47

® Ferrario S, Foyer CIT, M orot-Gaudry JF (2001) Co-ordination between nitrogen

photosynthetic and respiratory metabolism. In: M orot-G audiy JF (ed) N itrogen

assim ilation by plants: Physiological, biochemical and m olecular aspects. Oxford

& IBH Publishing, N ew Delhi pp 269-284

• Fisher RA (1968) Stomatal opening: role o f potassium uptake by guard cells.

Science 784-785

97

® Fisher RA, Hsiao TC (1968) Stomatal opening in isolated epiderm al strips o f

Vicia feba: II. Response of KCl concentration and the role o f potassium

absorption. Plant Physio 43: 1953-1958

• Fixen PE, Gelderm an RH, Gerwing J, Chollick FA (1986) Response o f spring,

wheat, barley and oats to chloride in potassium chloride fertilizers. Agron J 78:

664-668

• Forde BG, Clarkson DT (1999) Nitrate and am m onium nutrition o f plants,

physiological and m olecular perspectives. A dvan Bot Res 30: 1-90

• Fortin MC, Ciilley J, Edwards M (1994) Soil water, p lant grow th and yield o f

strip intercropping corn, J Prod Agric 7

• Foyer C, Ferrario-m ery S, N octor G (2001) Interactions between carbon and

nitrogen metabolism. In: Lea PJ, M orot-Gaudry JF (eds) Plant nitrogen.

Springer-Verlag, Berlin pp 237-254

• Francis CA (1986) M ultiple Cropping Systems. M acm illan, N ew York

• Fredeen AL, Rao IM, Terry N (1989) Influence o f phosphorus nutrition on

growth and carbon partitioning o f Glycine max. Plant Physiol 89: 225-223

• Freiberg C, Fcllay R, Bairoch A , Broughton WJ, Rosenthal A, Perret X (1997)

M olecular basis o f symbiosis betw een Rhizohium and legum es. N ature 387: 394-

401

• G arcia RL, Hanway JJ (1976) Foliar fertilization o f soybean during the seed

filling period. Agron J 68: 653-657

• Gastal F, Lemaire G (2002) N uptake and distribution in crops: an agronomical

and ecophysiological perspective. J Exp Bot 53: 789-799

® Gedroc JJ, Connaughay KDM, M e Colem an J S (1996) Plasticity in root/shoot

partitioning: optimal, ontogenetic, or both? Funct Ecol 10: 44-50

® G eorge MS, Lu G, Zhou W (2002) Genotypic variation fo r potassium uptake and

utilization efficiency in sweet potato (Ipom oea batatas L.). Field Crops Res 77:

7-15

® G haffar A (1990) Effect o f phosphorus application on grow th and yield potential

o f m ung bean genotypes at constant N levels. M Sc A gric Thesis. D epartm ent o f

Agron, U niv of Agric, Faisalabad.

98

GhatTarzadeh M, Prechac FG, Griise RM (1994) Grain yield response on corn,

soybean and oat grown in a strip intercropping system. A m J A lternative Agric 9:

171-177

Ghildiyal M C (1992) Effect o f urea on photosynthesis and yield in mung bean. J

Agron Crop Scl 168: 91-194

Ghourab MHH, Wassel OMM , Raya NAA (2000) Response o f cotton plants to

ibliar application o f potassium under two levels o f nitrogen fertilizer. Egypt J

Agric Res 78: 781-793

Gillcr KE, W ilson KJ (1991) N itrogen fixation in tropical cropping systems.

CAB International, Oxon, UK p 1711

G orm us 0 (2002) Effects o f rate and tim e o f application on cotton yield and

quality in Turkey. J Agron Crop Sci 188: 382-388

G raham PH (1988) Principles and Application o f Soil M icrobiology pp 322-345

G regory PJ (1989) The role o f root characteristics in m oderating the effect o f

drought. In: Baker EEG (ed) D rought resistance in cereals. CAB International,

London, UK pp 140-150

G regory PJ, Palta JA, Batts GR (1997) Root systems and root: mass ratio ±

carbon allocation and projected atm ospheric conditions in arable crops. Plant

Soil 187: 221-228

Groat RG, Vance CP (1981) Root nodule enzym es o f am m onia assim ilation in

alfalfa {Medicago sativa L.). Plant Physiol 67: 1198-1203

Grover HL, N air TVR, Abrol YP (1978) N itrogen m etabolism o f the upper three

leaf blades o f wheat at different soil nitrogen levels. Physiol Plant 42: 287-292

Growada ST, Growada KTK (1980) Influence o f fertilizer on yield com ponent o f

green gram. Ind J A gron 23: 374

Gukova M M , Tjulina OV (1968) Die W irkung des K aliuras a u f die

Stickstoffaufnahme durch Legum inosen. Izvestija Tim iijazevskoj

sel'skochozjiajstvenno; akademii. M oskva 3: 100-109

Gunasekara HKLK, D e Costa W AJM , N ugaw ela EA (2007) G enotypic variation

in canopy photosynthesis, leaf gas exchange characteristics and their response to

tapping in rubber (Hevea brasiliensis). Experim ent Agric 43 :223 -239

99

« Gitnasckera M'l'K, Senaratne R (1990) Effect o f potassium in alleviating

com petitive depression o f M ungbean in M aize + M ungbean intercropping system.

Proc 14"' Inter Cong o f Soil Sci K yoto, Japan IV p 501

« Gupta SC (2005) Evaluation o f liquid and carrier based rhizobium inoculants in

chickpea. Indian Journal o f Pulse Research 18(1): 40-42

« Gupta SC, Beevers L (1984) Synthesis and degradation o f nitrite reductase in pea

leaves. Plant Physiol (75): 251-252

• Haboudane D, M iller JR, Trem blay N, Zarco-Tejada PJ, D extraze L (2002)

Intergrated narrow-bond vegetation indices for prediction o f crop chlorophyll

content for application to precision agriculture. Rem ote Sensing o f Environm ent

81:416-425

• Hagem an RH, Flescher D (1960) N itrate reductase activity in corn seedlings as

affected by light and nitrate content o f nutrient media. P lant Physiol 35: 700-708

• Ilalliday DJ (1992) IFA World Fertilizer U se M anual. In t Fertilizer Ind Assoc,

Paris, p 632

® Flaq M U, M allarino A P (1998) Foliar fertilization o f soybeans at early vegetative

stages. A gron J 90: 763-769

• Flaq M U, M allarino AP (2000) Soybean yield and nutrient com position as

affected by early season foliar fertilization. A gron J 92: 16-24

® Flaq M U, M allarino AP (2005) Response o f soybean grain oil and protein

concentration to foliar and soil fertilization. Agron J 97: 910-918

® Flarada FI, Yoshimura Y, Sunaga Y, Flatanaka T, Sugita S (2003) Breeding o f

Italian lyegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) for a low nitrate concentration by

seedling test. Euphytica 129: 201-209

• Flarris P, W hittington WJ (1983) Effects o f temperature, levels o f nitrate supply

and duration o f light and growth on nitrate reductase activity in Agrostis ien im

QXid Agrostis stolonifera. N ew Phyto I 93: 193-201

• Flasan R, Tiwari KN (2002) Available potassium status o f soils of India. Potash

and phosphate Institute o f Canada research education report. Fertilizer

K nowledge No. 1

® Flay R K M (1995) Hai-vest Index: a review o f its use in p lant breeding and crop

physiology. Ann App Biol 126: 197-216

100

« H eckm an JR . Kamprath EJ (1992) Potassium accum ulation and corn yield

related to potassium fertili/.er rate and placem ent. Soil Sci 56: 141-148

® Heckman JR, K am prath EJ (1995) Potassium accum ulation and soybean related

to potassium Icrtilizcr rate and placement. Soil Sci 56: 141-148

® Hegazy M H, Genaidy SA (1995) Potassium fertilization for some intercropping

patterns in Egyptian Northern delta soils. Egyptian Journal o f A gricultural

Research 73(1): 25-35

• Henzell EF (1988) The role o f biological nitrogen fixation research in solving

problem s in tropical agriculture. PI Soil 108: 15-21

• Herlihy M (1989) Effect o f potassium on sugar accum ulation in storage tissue. In:

M ethods o f K Research in Plants. Proceedings o f the 21 st Colloquium of the

International Potash Institute held at Louvain-Ia-Neuve, Belgium, 19-21 June

1989, IPI, Bern, Switzerland, pp 259-270

• Hirel B, Andrieu B, Valadier MH, Renard S, Quillere I, Chelle M, Pommel B,

Fournier C, Drouet JL (2005) Physiology o f maize 11: Identification o f

physiological markers representative o f the nitrogen status o f m aize (Zee/ mays)

leaves during grain filling. Physiol Plant 124: 178-188

® Hirel B, Lemaire G (2005) From agronomy and ecophysiology to m olecular

genetics for improving nitrogen use efficiency in crops. Journal o f Crop

Im provem ent 15:213-257

• H iscox TD, Israelstam GF (1979) A method for the extraction o f chlorophyll

from le a f tissues w ithout maceration. Can J Bot 57 :1332-1334

® Hodges M (2002) Enzyme redundancy and the im portance o f 2-oxoglutarate in

plant am m onium assimilation. J Exp Bot 53: 905-916.

® Hoque M M , Haq MF (1994) Rhizobial inoculation and fertilization o f lentil in

Bangladesh. Lens Newsletter 21: 29-30

® Hoth S, D reyer I, D ietrich P, B ecker D, M uller-Rober B, H edrich R (1997)

M olecular basis o f plant specific acid activation o f K'*' uptake channels. Proc Natl

Acad Sci U SA 94: 4806-4810

• H siao TC, Lauchli A (1986) Role o f potassium in piant-w ater relationships. In:

Tinkler B, Lauchli A (eds) Advance in Plant Nutrition. Praeger Publ, N ew York,

pp281-311

101

Hubbell DI L l i e n 'I'M, Gaskins MFI, Lee J (1979) Physiological interactions in

the .‘hospirilhmi-grdHH root association. In: Vose PB, Ruschel AP (eds)

A ssociative N2-Mxation. CRC Press, Boca Raton FI, pp 1-6

Huber SC (1985) Role o f potassium in photosynthesis and respiration. In;

M unson RD (ed) Potassium in A griculture. ASA, CSSA, SSSA , M adison, W I,

pp 369-396

Muber SC, Bachm ann N, Huber JL (1996) Post-translation regulation o f nitrate

reductase activity: a role for Ca“* and 14-3-3 proteins. T rends in Plant Sci 1: 432-

43 <S

H ungria M, Barradas C, W allsgrove R (1991) N itrogen fixation, assim ilation and

transport during the initial growth stage o f Phaseolus vulgaris L, Journal o f

Fixperimental Botany 42: 839-844

Mungria M, Neves M (1987) Cultivar and Rhizobium strain effect on nitrogen

fixation and transport in Phasohis vulgaris L. Plant Soil 103; 111-121

Husain M M , Reid JB, Othman H, Gallagher JN (1990) G rowth and w ater use o f

feba beans {V ida faba ) in sub-humid climate. I. Root and shoot adaptations to

drought stress. Field Crops Res 23; 1-17

ICA RDA (1989) International Centre for Agriculture R esearch in Dry Areas.

A nnual report 1988-1989, Aleppo, Syria, p 178

Ida S, M orita Y (1973) Purification and general properties o f spinach leaf nitrite

reductase. Plant Cell Physiol 14: 661-671

IFA (2005) Fertilizer statistics. International Fertilizer Association, Paris.

A vailable at httD://wwv/.fertilizer.org/ifa/staistics.asp

Jadhav RS, Thaker NV, Desai A (1994) Involvem ent o f the siderophore o f

cow pea Rhizobium in the iron nutrition o f the peanut. W orld Journal o f

M icrobiology and Biotechnology 10: 360-361

James DW, Dhumal SS, Rurabaugh MD, Tindall TA (1995) Inheritance o f

potassium -sodium nutritional traits in alfalfa. Agron J 87: 681-686

Jaw orski EG (1971) N itrate reductase assay in intact plant tissues. Bioehem

Biophys Res Comm 43: 1274-1279

Jessen D, Barnes DK, Vance CP (1988) Bidirectional selection in alfalfa for

activity o f nodule nitrogen and carbon assim ilating enzym es. Crop Science 28:

18-22

102

Jiang QM, Zhang AI, Giianghui Q>S, Jiang HI.,, Zinang AI Gli (1998) A pplication

o f potassium fertilizer in onion production. In: China-vegetables. No. 4

Jones G I), Lut/, JA, Smith TJ (1977) Effects on phosphorus and potassium on

soybean nodules and seed yield. A gron J 69: 1003-1006

Jordaii-M eilte I., I^ellerin S (2004) L ea f area establishm ent o f a maize {Zea maize

L.) ilcki crop under potassium deliciency. Plant Soil 265; 75-92

Jungk A (2001) Root hairs and acquisition o f plant nutrients from soil. J Plant

N u trS o il Sci 164: 121-129

Jungk A , Classen N (1997) Ion diffusion in the soil-root system. A dv Agron 61:

53-110

Kar PC, Patro GK, M ohanty K (1989) Effect o f fertilizer levels on growth and

yield o f Bengal gram. Cun-ent Res Univ Agric Sci 18: 80-1

Karina B, Balestrasse-Gallego SM, Tom aro M L (2006) A lum inium stress affects

nitrogen fixation and assim ilation in soybean {Glycine m ax L.). Plant Grow Reg

48:271-281

Karien DL, Varvel GE, Bullock G, Cruse RM (1994) C rop rotations for the 21“'

century. A dv Agron 53: 1-45

Kaya C, Kirnak H, Higgs D (2001) Effect o f supplem entary potassium and

phosphorus on physiological developm ent and mineral nutrition o f cucum ber. J

Plant N utr 26(3): 543-560

K ayser M, Isselstein J (2005) Potassium cycling and losses in grassland systems:

a review. Grass Forage Sci 60: 231-224

Khatib KA, Herald TJ, Aramouni FM, M acRitchie F and Schapaugh W T (2002)

Characterization and functional properties o f Soy b- Conglycinin and Glycinin o f

selected genotypes. J Food Sci 67: 2923-2929

Kichey T, Heumez E, Pocholle D, Pageau K , V anacker H, D ubois F, Le Gouis J,

Hirel B (2006) Combined agronom ic and physiological aspects o f nitrogen

m anagem ent in w heat highlight a central role for glutam ine synthetase. N ew

Phytol 169: 265-278

Kim brough EL, Blaser RE, W olf DD (1971) Potassium effects on re-grow th o f

alfalfa {Medicago saliva L.). Agron J 63: 836-839

Koutroubas SD, Papakosta DK, Gagianas AA (1998) The im portance o f early

dry m atter and nitrogen accumulation in soybean yield. E ur J Agron 9; 1-10

103

® Krapp A, Truong HN (2005) Regulation o f C/N interaction in mode! plant

species. J Crop hnprov 15(2); 127-173

e Krauss A (2004) K elTccts on yield quality. In: Potafos IPI-PPI-PPfC Symposium

on K in Brazilian agriculture, Septem ber 22-24, 2004, Brazil.

• Krauss A, .lin Jiyun (2000) Strategics for im proving balanced fertilization.

International Potash Institute, Basel, Switzerland.

® K uinaga F, Danso SK A, Zapata F (1994) Tim c-course o f nitrogen fixation in two

bam bara groundnut (Plgna suhlerrcnrean L. Verd.) cultivars. Biol Fertil Soil 18:

231-236

• Kum ar R, Chandra R (2005) Effect o f adhesives on survival o f inoculated

Rhizohiiim legum inosanim on seed and sym biotic perform ance in lentil under

field conditions. Indian Journal o f Pulse Research 18(2): 206-210

® K um pawat RS (1994) El'fect o f Rhizobium inoculation, phosphorus and

m icronutrient on nodulation and protein content o f gram . M adras Agric J 81;

630-631

• Kurdali F (1996). N itrogen and phosphorus assim ilation, m obilization and

partitioning in rain-fed chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Field Crops Res 47: 81-92

• K urdali FK, Kalifa, A1 Sham m a M (1997) Cultivar differences in nitrogen

assim ilation, partitioning and m obilisation in rain-fed grow n lentil. Field Crops

Res 54: 235-243

® K w inta J, Bartoszewicz K, Bielawski W (2001) Purification and characteristics

o f glutam ate dehydrogenase (GDH) from triticale roots. Acta Physiol Plant 4:

399-405

• Law lor D, Lem aire G, Gastal F (2001) N itrogen, plant grow th and crop yield. In:

Lea PJ, M orot-Gaudiy JF (eds) Plant nitrogen. Springer-V erlag, Berlin, pp 343-

367

® Law lor DW (2002) Carbon and nitrogen assim ilation in relation to yield:

m echanism s are the key to understanding production system s. J Exp Bot 53; 773-

787

® Lea P.I, Blackwell RD, Chen FL, H echt U (1990) Enzym es o f am m onia

assim ilation. M ethods Plant Biochem 3: 257-276

104

f ,cdgard SI% Gfiller KE (1995) A tm ospheric N> fixations an alternative N source.

In: Bacon FB (ed) Nitrogen Icrtilisation in the environm ent. M arcel D ekker Inc,

New York, pp 443-486

I.ee JA, Stewart GR {1978} licological aspects o f nitrogen a.s'.simiiation. A dv Bot

Res 6 : 1-43

Lee YP, I'akahaslii 'F (1966) An improved colorim etric determ ination o f amino

acids with the use ofninhydrin. Anal Biochem 14: 71-77.

l.eigh RA (200]) Potassium homeostasis and m em brane transport. J Plant N utr

Soil Sci 164: 193-198

Leigh RA, Johnston AE (1983) Concentration o f potassium in the dry m atter and

tissue w ater o f field-grown spring barley and their relationship to grain yield. J

A g riS c i 101:675-685

Lelyveld LJ, Smith BL, Frazer C (2004) N itrogen fertilization o f tea: Effect on

chlorophyll and quality param eters o f processed black tea. Acta H orticulturae

275:168-180

Lesoing GW, Francis CA (1999) Strip intercropping effects on yield and yield

com ponents o f corn, grain sorghum and soybean. Agron J 91

Lexa M , Cheeseman JM (1997) Growth and nitrogen relations in reciprocal

grafts o f wild-type and nitrate reductase-deficient m utants o f pea {Pisum sa tm u n

L. var. Juncea), J Exp Bot 48: 1241-1250

Li XZ, Oaks A (1993) Induction and turnover o f m aize nitrate reductase

influence o f NO 3. Plant Physiol 102: 12514257

Liebersbach H, Steingrobe B, C lassen N (2004) Roots regulate ion transport in

the rhizosphere to counteract reduced mobility in dry s o il P lant Soil 260; 79-88

Lillo C (1994) Light regulation o f nitrate reductase in green leaves o f higher

plants. Physiol Plant 90: 616-620

Limpens E, Franken C, Smit P, W illem se J, Bisseling T, Geurts R (2003) LysM

dom ain receptor kinase regulating rhizobial nod factor-induced infection.

Science 302: 630-633

Lindner RC (1944) Rapid analytical method for some o f the m ore com m on

organic substances o f plant and soil. Plant Physiol 19: 76-84

Lindstrom ES, New ton JW, W ilson PW (1952) The relationship betw een

photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation. Proc N at A cad Sci, USA, 38: 392-396

105

Longstreth l)J, Nobel PS (1980) N utrient influences on leaf photosynthesis.

nffcct o f nilrogen, phosphorus and potassium for G oxsypium hirstHum L. Plant

physio! 65: 541-543

Lopez-Bellido RJ, i.opez-Bellido L, Lopez-Bellido FJ, Castillo JE (2003) Faba

bean (V icia fa h a 1-.) re.sponse to tillage and soil residual nitrogen in a continuous

rotation w ith wheat (Tridcum aestivum L.) under rainfed M editerranean

conditions, Agron J 95: 1253-1261

Ltaief B, Bouaziz S, M ainassara ZA, Lazher Z, Lachaal M (2005) Response o f

Chickpea {Cicer arietiniim L.) to potassium fertilization. J A gric Soc Sci 1(1): 7-

9

L taief B, Bouaziz S, M ainassara ZA, Lazher Z, Lachaal M (2005) Response o f

Chickpea (Cicar anetinum L.) to Potassium fertilization. J A gric Soc Sci 1(1): 7-

9

M ageii H (1997) IPl activity in India. Summary report for 1993-1997, IPI, Beer

S h e v a , Israel.

M allarino A , Haq U (1998) W hat about foliar fertilization o f soybean? Fluid

Journal 31: 8 - II.

M allarino AP, Bordoli JM, Borges R (1999) Phosphorus and potassium

placem ent effects on early grow th and nutrient uptake o f no-till corn and

relationship with grain yield. Agron J 91: 37-45

M allarino AP, Haq MU, M urrell TS (2005), Early season foliar fertilization o f

soybeans. In; Armstrong DL (ed) Better Crops w ith Plant Food, 89: 11-13

M allarino AP, Haq MU, W ittry D, Berm udez M (2001) Variation in soybean

response to early season foliar fertilization among and w ithin fields, A gron J 93:

1220-122

M allarino AP, Webb JR, Blackm er A M (1991) Corn and soybean yields during

11 years o f phosphorus and potassium fertilization on a high-testing soil, J Prod

Agric 4: 312-317

M am an N, M ason SC, G alusha T, Clegg M S (1999) Hybrid and nitrogen

influence on pearl millet production in Nebraska: Y ield, growth and nitrogen

uptake, and nitrogen use efficiency, Agron J 91: 737-743

M arquez AJ, Betti M, Garcia-Calderon M, Palove- B alang P, D iaz P, M onza J

(2005) Nitrate assimilation in Lotus japonicus, J Exp Bot 56: 1741-1749

106

® MaLschiK'i 1! 1*unctions ol mineral nutrients: M acronutrients In: Haynes

R.) (cd) M ineral nutritiDn oi'h igher plants. Academ ic press, Orlando, FL, pp 195-

267

® Mar.sci jncr II (1995 ) Mineral nutrition o f higher plants. Academ ic Press, London,

pp 2 2 4 -3 1 2

® M cKcnzie liA , liill ( il) (i990) Growth, yield and w ater use o f lentils {Lens

cidicwris) in C’antcrhury. New Zealand. Journal o f A gricultural Science, 114:

309-320

® M cLuiighlin IJ , IkHxiereau l.M , Duniean LK (1984) Com petition studies with

rh i/obium trifolii in a field experiment. Journal o f Applied Bacteriology 56: 131-

135

® Mcii;i {•'(), V'asconcz M, Lumen B('), Nelson R (2004) Lunasin concentration in

dilfercnt genolj pcs. Commercial soy protein and isoHavone products, IBID, 52:

5882-5 K87

• Memon AR, Siddiqi MY, Olass ADM (1985) Efficiency o f K utilization by

barley \'arieties: Activation o f pyruvate kinase. J Exp Bot 36: 79-90

9 Mengc! K (19K0) !{ifect on potassium on the assimilate conduction to storage

ti.ssue. B cr Dt.seh Bot Ge.s 93: 353-362

• Mengel K (1997) Impact o f potassium on crop yield and quality with regard to

ect>noinicai and ect^logical aspects. In: Johnston AE (ed) Food Security in the

WANA region, the essentia! need for balanced fertilization. Proceedings o f the

Regional WorkHhop o f the International Potash Institute held at Bornova, Izmir,

Turkey, 26-30 May 1997, IPl, Bern, Switzerland, pp 157-174

• Mengel K and Kirkby EA (1980) Potassium in crop production. Adv A gron 33:

59-110

® Mengel K, A rnekc W W (1982) Effect o f potassium on w ater potential. In:

M arschener II (ed) M ineral Nutrition o f H igher Plants, 2"‘‘ Edn. Academ ic Press

Ltd, London, UK, p 305

• Mengel K, Haeder HE (1977) Effect o f potassium supply on the rate phloem sap

exudation and the com position o f phloem .sap o f Ricinus com m unis P lant physiol

59: 282-284

107

Mcngel K, Haghparast MR, Koch K (1974) The Effect o f Potassium on the

Fixation ol'M oIccuhir Nitrogen by Root Nodules o f V ida fa b a Plant Physiol 54:

535-538

M engel K., Krikby LA (1987) Principles o f plant nutrition, 4"' Edn. International

Pt)lash Institute, llo rgcn ,Switzerland,

Mcngcl K, Viro M (1974) liffects o f potassium supply on the transport o f

photosyiithatc.s to the fruits ot tom atoes {Lycoperison esculentum). Physiol Plant

30 ;295-300

M idmore i).1 (1993) Agronomic modification o f resource use and intercrop

productivity. Meld Cro]).s Res 34: 357-380

M inchin PR, Sunnncrneld RJ, Iladely P, Roberts EH, R aw sthom e S (1981)

Carbon and nitrogen nutrition o f nodulated roots o f Vicia feba. Plant Cell

l-nviron 4: 5-26

M ohanty B. Plclcher JS (1980) A m m onium influence on nitrogen assim ilating

enzymes and protein accumulation in suspension cultures o f Paul’s scarlet rose.

Physiol IMant 48: 453-459

Moil R Il, Kampratli HJ, Jackson WA (1982) Analysis and interpretation o f

iactor.s which contribute to efficiency o f nitrogen utilization. Agron .T 74: 562-

564

Moody PW, Bell MJ (2006) Availability o f soil potassium and diagnostic soil

te.sts. A ust J Soil Res 44: 265-275

M uehlbaucr l-’J, Kaiser WJ, Clem ent SL, Sum m erfield RJ (1995 ) Production

and breeding o f lentil. Advances in Agronomy 54: 283-332

Muhammad S, Hafiz M A, M uhammad SI, A llah Y, A bbas A (2004) Impact o f

fertilizer on seed yield o f chick pea genotypes. Int J Agri B iol 6 : 108-109

Mullins GL, Burmester CH (1998) Potassium uptake by crops during the season

In: Oosterhiiis DM and Berkow itz GA (eds) Frontiers in potassium nutrition:

N ew perspectives on the effects o f potassium on physiology o f plants. Potash and

Phosphate Institute, Narcross, GA; Potash and Phosphate Institute o f Canada,

Sakatoon, Canada, pp 123-132

M ullins GL, Burmester CH, Reeves DW (1991) Cotton response to the deep

placem ent o f potassium on A labam a soils. In: Proceedings o f the Beltwide

108

Cotton Conferences, January 8-12. San A ntonio, N ational C otton Council o f

A m erica, M emphis, pp 922-924

M ullins GL, Reeves DW, Burm ester CH, B iyant HFI (1994) In row subsoiling

and potassium placem ent effects on root grow th and potassium content o f cotton.

A gron J 8 6 : 136-139

M urray JD, Bogumil JK, Shusei S, Satoshi T, Lisa A , K rzysztof S (2007) A

cytokinin perception mutant colonized by Rhizobium in the absence o f nodule

organogenesis. Science 315(5808): 101-104

N afees AK, Saniiuilah, Aziz O (1993) Response o f M ustard to seed treatm ent

w ith pyridoxine and basal and foliar application o f nitrogen and phosphorus. J

Plant N utr 16:1651-1659

N am biar PTC, Rupela OP, Rao Kum ar JV D K (1986) N odulation and nitrogen

fixation on groundnut, chickpea and pigeon pea. In: Subba Rao NS (ed) N ew

trends in biological nitrogen fixation. Oxford and IBH Publ, N ew Delhi, pp 21-

52.

N elson KA, Motavalli PP, Nathan M (2005) Response o f no-till soybean

[Glycine m ax (L.) M err.] to timing o f pre-plant and foliar potassium application

in a Claypan soil. Agron J 97; 832-838

N tam atungiro S, N orm an RJ, M e N ew RW , W ells BR (1999) Com parison o f

plant m easurem ents for estimating nitrogen accum ulation and grain yield by

flooded rice. Soil Sci Soc Am J 91: 676-685

Ofori F , Stern W R (1987) Cereal-Legum e Intercropping System s. Adv Agron 41:

41

Olday FC, Barker AV, M aynard D N (1976) A physiological basis for different

patterns o f nitrate accumulation in tw o spinach cultivars. .1 A m Soc Ilo rt Sci

101(3): 217-219

O osterhuis DM (1998) Foliar fertilization o f cotton with potassium in the USA.

In; El-Fouly MM, Abdalla FE, Abdel -M agu id (eds) Foliar Fertilization: A

technique to improve production and decrease pollution. Proc Symp 10-14 Dec.

1995, Cairo, Egypt, Publ, NRC, Cairo, pp 49-64

Pal KK, Dey R, Bhattand DM, C hauhan SM (2000). P lant growth prom oting

fluorescent pseudomonads enhanced peanut growth, yield and nutrient uptake.

109

A uburn University W eb Site, A vailable at: http.Vwww.ag.auburn,

cdu/pdtm aiiuscripts/pal .pdf.

« Pa! Y, Gilkes RJ, W ong MTF (2001a) M ineralogy and potassium release from

some w estern A ustralian soils and their size fractions. A ust J Soil Res 39; 813-

822

® Pal Y, G ilkes RJ, W ong MTF (2001b) Soil factors affecting the availability o f

potassium to plants for western A ustralian soils: a glasshouse study. Aust J Soil

Res 39: 611-625

• Pal Y, Gilkes RJ, W ong M TF (2002) M ineral sources o f potassium to plants for

seven soils from south -w estern Australian. Aust J Soil Res 40: 1357-1369

• Parker MB, Bosw'ell FC (1980) Foliage injury, nutrient intake, and yield o f

soybean as influenced by foliar fertilization. Agron J 72: 110-113

• Pate JS (1980) Transport and partitioning o f nitrogenous solutes. A nnu Rev Plant

Physiol 31: 313-340

« Patra D K, Bhattaeharyya P (1998) Response o f cowpea rhizobia on nodulation

and yield o f mungbean. J M ycopathological Res 36: 17-23

• Peoples MB, Flerridge DF, Ladha JK (1995) Biological nitrogen lixation: A n

efficient source o f nitrogen for sustainable agricultural production. Plant and Soil

228: 3-28

• Peoples MB, Vyrna C, Beilharz VC, Stephen P, W aters SP, Sim pson RJ, D alling

M J (1980) N itrogen redistribution during grain grow th in w heat {TrUicum

aestivum L.). II. Chloroplast senescence and the degradation o f ribuIose-1,5-

biphosphate carboxylase. Planta 149: 241-251

® Pettigrew W T (1999) Potassium deficiency increase specific w eights and leaf

glucose levels in field grown cotton. A gron J 91: 962-968

® Pettigrew W T (2008) Potassium influences on yield and quality production for

maize, wheat, soybean and cotton. Physiol Plantarum 133: 670-681

® Pettigrew W T (2004) Cotton genotypic variation in the photosynthetic response

to irradiance. Photo synthetic a 42 (4): 1322-1327

® Pettigrew WT, M eredith W R (1997) Dry m atter production, nutrient uptake and

growth o f cotton as affected by potassium fertilization. J p lan t N utr 20: 531-548

no

• Peuke AD, Jcschke WD, Dietz KJ, Schreiber L, H artung W (1998) Foliar

application o f nitrate o r am m onium as sole nitrogen supply in Ricinus communis.

I. Carbon and nitrogen uptake and inflows. N ew Phytol 138: 675-687

« Phillips DA, Larry RT, Sally SJ (1982) Variation am ong alfelfa genotypes for

reduced nitrogen concentration. Crop Sc 22: 606-610

• Pier PA, Berkowitz GA (1987) M odulation o f w ater stress effects on

photosynthesis by altered leaf K^. Plant Physiol 85: 655-661

• Postgate J (1998) Nitrogen Fixation (3'̂ '̂ Edn) Cam bridge Univ Press, Cam bridge,

112

• Prakash V, Kumar Sj Bhatnagar VK (1991) yield and N m anagem ent in finger

millet as affected by preceding w inter legimies. Indian J Pulses Res 4 (2): 173-

176

® Premaratne KP, Oertli JJ (1994) The influence o f potassium supply on

nodulation, nitrogenase activity and nitrogen accum ulation o f soybean (Glycine

max L. M errill) grown in nutrient solution. Fertilizer Research 38: 95-99

• Ram am oorthy K, Ramasamy M, Jehangir KS (1995) Response o f rainfed

blackgram (Phaseolus mungd) to foliar nutrition o f potassium . Ind J Agron 40:

114-115

® Ramaswami PPO, Oblisami G (1986) hifluence o f nitrogen, phosphorus and

inoculation on nitrogen fixation and yield in black gram (Vigna m tm go L.). Proc

N ational Seminar on M icrobial Ecology, 23 -24 Jan. 1986, p 2

® Rashid, M usa AM, Aadal NK, Yaqub M , Chaudhry GA (1999) Response o f

groundnut to Bradyrhizobium and a diazotroph bacterial inoculum under

different levels o f nitrogen, Pakistan J Soil 16: 89-98

• Reynolds P, Boland M J, Blevinks DG, Shubert K R (1982) Enzym es of am ide

and ureide biogenesis in developing soybean nodules. Plant Physiology 69:

1334-1338

® Riblett AL, Herald TJ, Schmidt KA (2001) Tilley characterization o f b-

conglycinin and glycinin soy protein fractions from four selected soybean

genotypes, J Agric Food Chem 49: 4983-4989

• Robinson SA, Slade AP, Fox GG, Philips R, Ratcliffe RG, Stewart G R (1991)

The role o f glutamate dehydrogenase in plant metabolism. Plant Physiol 95: 509-

516

111

Robson AD (1978) M ineral nutrients limiting nitrogen fixation in legumes. In:

A ndrew CS, Kamprath EJ (eds) M ineral nutrition in legum es in tropical and

subtropical soils. Com m onwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization,

M elbourne, pp 277-293

Rocm held V, EI-Fouly MM (1999) Foliar nutrient application: Challenge and

limits in crop production. Proc 2'’‘* Int W orkshop “Foliar fertilization”, 4-10

April, 1999, Bangkok,Thailand, pp 1-32

Riian JY , W u X, Ye Y, Hardter R (1999) Effect o f potassium , m agnesium and

sulilir applied in different forms o f fertilizers on free am ino acid content in

leaves o f tea {Ccimelia .sinensis L.). J Sci Food Agric 76: 389-396

Rufty TW , Jackson W A, Raper CD (1981) N itrate reduction in roots as affected

by the presence o f potassium and by flux o f nitrate through the roots. Plant

Physiol 6 8 : 605-609

Ruiz JM , Romero L (2002) Relationship between potassium fertilization and

nitrate assim ilation in leaves and fruits o f cucum ber {Cucum is sativus) plants.

Ann Appl Biol 140:241-245

Russel EW (1978) Soil conditions and plant growth, lO"’ edn. Longm an, London

Saito SM T, M ontanheiro MNS, V ictoria RL, Reichardt K (1984) The effect o fN

fertilizer and soil m oisture on the nodulation and grow th o f Phaseolus vulgaris. J

Agric Sci Camb 103: 87-93

Sale PW G, Campbell LC (1987) D ifferential responses to K deficiency am ong

soybean cultivars. Plant Soil 104: 183-190

Salwau M IM (1994) Effect o f soil and foliar application o f nitrogen levels on

yield and yield components o f w heat (J! aestivum L,). A nn A gric Sci M oshtohor

32: 705-715

Sangakkara UR, Hartwig UA, N osberger J (2000) Effect o f soil m oisture and

potassium fertilizer on shoot w ater potential, photosynthesis and partitioning o f

carbon in mungbean and cowpea. J A gron Crop Sci 185; 201-207

Sangakkara UR, Hartwig UA, Sberger J NoE (1996) Soil m oisture and potassium

affect the performance o f symbiotic nitrogen fixation in faba bean and common

bean. Plant Soil 184: 123-130

112

« Sarker M AZ, M urayam a S, Ishimine Y, Tsuzuki E (2001) Heterosis in

photo synthetic characters and dry m atter production in FI hybrids o f rice.

N ippon Sakumotsu Gakkai Koenkai Yoshi, Shiryoshu 211: 48-49

« Sarwar MY (1988) Effect o f different fertilizer doses and spacing on growth and

yield o f gram {Cicer arietinum £.)• M Sc Thesis, Deptt o f A gron, Univ o f Agric,

Faisalabad.

® Schmidtke K, N eum ann A, H of C, Rauber R (2004) Soil and atm ospheric

nitrogen uptake by lentil {Lem culinaris M edik.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare

ssp. nudum L.) as monocrops and intercrops. Field Crops Research 87(2/3): 245-

256

• Senaratne R, Liyanage NDL, Ratnasinghe DS (1993) Effect o f K on nitrogen

fixation o f intercrop groundnut and the com petition betw een intercrop groundnut

and maize. Pert Res 34; 9-14

• Senaratne R, Ratnasinghe DS (1993) Ontogenic variation in nitrogen fixation and

accum ulation o f nitrogen in mimgbean, black gram, cow pea, and groundnut. Biol

F ertS o il 16; 125-130

• Sevilla M, Burris RH, Gunapla N , Kennedy C (2001) Com parison o f benefit to

sugarcane plant growth and ^^N incorporation following inoculation o f sterile

plants with Acetohacter diazotrophicus w ild type and N if-m utant strains.

M olecular Plant M icrobe Interaction 14; 358-366

® Sharnia KD, Kuhad MS, Nandwal AS (1992) Possible role o f potassium in

drought tolerance in Brassica. J Pot Res 8(4): 320-327

® Sharma P, Gupta RP, Khamia V (2006) Evaluation o f liquid rhizobium

inocuiants in mimgbean and pigeonpea, under field conditions. Indian J Pulses

Res 19 (2); 208-209

® Shea PE, G erloff GC, Gabelmann W H (1968) Differing efficiencies o f potassium

utilization in strains o f snap beans, Phaseoliis vulgaris L. P lant Soil 28; 337-346

® Sheldrick WF (1985) W orld fertilizer review and the changing structure o f the

international fertilizer industi*y. Agro Chem icals N ews 8; 12-17

• Shisanya CA (2002) Improvem ent o f drought adapted tepary bean (Phaseoliis

acittifoUus A. Gray var. latifolius) yield through biological nitrogen fixation in

semi-arid SE-Kenya. Euro J Agro 16; 13-24

113

Shivay YS, Clicn J ll, Ding SR (2005) Genotypic variation for potassium

accum ulation and utilization efficiency in barley under rainfed potassium stress

conditions. Acta Agronomica H ungarica 51(3); 267-280

Sicbrecht S, lischner R (1999) Changes in the xylem exudates com position o f

poplar {Populus trenntla x P. alha) dependent on the nitrogen and potassium

supply. J lixp Bol 50: 1797-ltS06

Sindhu SS, Ciupta SK, I.)adarvval KR (1999) Antagonistic effect o f Pseudomonas

spp. on pathogenic fungi and enhancem ent o f plant growth in green gram,

[biology and I'crlilily o f Soils 29: 62-68

Singh RK (1996) Nutrient m anagem ent in W heat-Lentil intercropping system

under dry land conditions, Lens Newsletter 23(1/2): 38-44

Singh S. Kamath MB (1989) Relative efliciency o f some method o f phosphate

application in tlie utili/ation o f P by safllow er {Carthcmnis tinctorms L,),

Common Sci Plant Analysis 10: 1411-1420

Smid A!*, Peaslee PE (1976) Cjrowth and CO2 assimilation by corn as related to

potassium nutrition and simulated canopy shading. Agron J 68; 904-910

Sodek L, l.ea PJ, Miflin BJ (1980) Distribution and properties o f a potassium-

dependent asparagine isolated I'rom developing seeds o f Pisum sativum and other

plants. Plant Physiol 65: 22-26

Solomonson l.,P, Baker MJ (1990) Assim ilatory nitrate reductase; Functional

properties and regulation. Ann Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 41: 225-253

Sorour FA. M osalem M l:, Khaffagy AE (1998) Effect o f preceding crop, seeding

rates and nitrogen levels on wheat grow th and yield and its components. J Agric

Res 24(3): 263-281

Sparks D L, Huang PM (1985) Physical chem istry o f soil potassium . In; M unson

RD (ed) Potassium in Agriculture. ASA,CSSA,SSSA, M adison, WI, USA, pp

201-276

Stancheva I, M itova I, Petkova Z (2004) Effects o f different nitrogen fertilizer

sources on the yield, nitrate content and other physiological param eters in garden

beans. Environ Exp Bot 52: 277-282

Steingrobe B, Classen N (2000) Potassium dynam ics in the rhizosphere and K

efficiency o f crops. J Plant N utr Soil Sci 163: 101-106

114

Still M (1999) Nitrate regulation o f metabolism and growth. Curr Opin Plant

Biol 2; 178-186.

Slrccter JCi, Batra AI. (1984) Nitrogen and minerals. In: Tesar MB (ed)

Physiological basis ot crop growth and development. A m erican Society o f

Agronom y, M adison, WI, pp 175-200

Stuelpnagcl R {1993} Intercropping o f faba beans {V ida fa h a L.) w ith oats or

spring wheat. Proceedings ol'ihe International Crop Science Congress, July 1994,

Iowa State Univ.

Suelter Cl I (1970) I-n/ym es activated by m onovalent cations. Science 168: 789-

795

Sweeney 1)W, Gernade GV, Hversmeyer MG, W hitney DA (2000) Phosphorus,

polassiLmi chloride and fiingicide effects on w heat yield and leaf rust severity. J

Plant N utr 23; 1267-12K1

I’albott LI). .'\.ssmann SM, Zeiger E (1998) Potassium and sucrose in guard cell

osm oregulation. In: Oosterhuis DM, Berkow itz GA (eds) Frontiers in potassium

nutrition: New per.spectives on the effects o f potassium on physiology o f plants.

Potash and Plio.sphate Institute, Narcross, GA; Potash and Phosphate Institute of

Canada. Sakatoon, Canada, pp 53-62

'l albt)tt I J ), Zeiger !• (1996) General role o f potassium and sucrose in guard cell

o.smoregulation. Plant Physiol 3: 1051-1057

I'ang C. Thom-son IM) (1996) liffect o f solution pH and bicarbonate on the

growth and nodulation o f grain legume species. Plant and Soil 186: 321-332

Tang JJ, Chen X, Katsuyoshi S (2002) Varietal differences in photo synthetic

characters and chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics param eters among

intergencrie progeny derived from Oryza x Sorghum, its parents and hybrid rice.

J Zhejiang (Jniversity Sc B, 3(1): 113-117

I'ejada-Zarco PJ, M iller JR, M orales A, Berjon A, A guera J (2004)

Hyperspectral indices and models sim ulation for chlorophyll estimation in open

canopy tree crops. Rem Sens o f Environm ent 90: 463-476

Temple SJ, Vance CP, Gantt JS (1998) Glutamate synthase and nitrogen

assimilation. Trends Plant Sci 3: 51-56

115

» Tester M , 131att MR (1989) Direct m easurem ent o f K"" chamiel in thylakoid

mcmiiranes by incorporation o f vesicles planar lipid bilayers. Plant physiol 91:

24‘)-252

« 1 hakur AK, Panwar JDS (1995) LI feet of R h i z o b l u m - W interactions on

growth and yield in m ungbcan {Vigmi n id ia ta L.) under field conditions. Indian .1

Pi Pathol 38: 62-5

• lhalooth A K law iik MM, M ohammed MH (2006) Com parative study on the

cl feet i>l foliar application ol zinc, potassium and m agnesium on growth, yield

and some chemical con.sliiuents o f mungbean plant grown under w ater stress

conditions. W orld .1 Agric 2: 37-46

• 1 ickoo .n.. Sharma B, Mi.shra SK, Dikshit HK (2005) Lentil {Lens culinaria) in

India: Present .status and future perspectives. Indian Journal o f Agricultural

Sciences 75(9); 532-562

• 'I'isdale SL, Nelson WL, IJeaton JD (1985) Soil fertility and fertilizers. 4*'’ edn,

Mac M illan I’ubiishing Co, New York.

• 'fiw ari V N , Mi.sra SK (2000) Studies on nitrogen and bio-inoculants on

biological nitnsgcn fixation and productivity o f lentil. Indian Journal o f Pulse

Research 13(2): 39-42

® 'frehan SP (2005) Nutrient m anagem ent by exploiting genetic diversity o f potato-

a review. Potato J 32: 1-15

• 'I'renbath BR (1976) I’lant interactions in mixed crop com m unities. In Papendick

RL Sanchez PA, Tripiett GB (eds) M uhiplc cropping. ASA Spec Pub! 27, ASA,

Madisom WI, pp 129-169

® Tsubo M, W alker S, Ogindo HO (2005) A sim ulation m odel o f cereal-legume

intercropping systems for sem i-arid regions. Departm ent o f Soil, Crop and

Climate Scicnccs, University o f the I'ree State, Field Crops Research 93(1).

® Tucker M (2004) Primary nutrients and plant growth. In; Essential Plant

Nutrients. N orth Carolina D epartm ent o f Agriculture.

• Turay KK, A ndrews M, M cKenzie BA (1991) Effects o f starter nitrogen on early

growth and nodulation o f lentil (Lem cidinaris Medik), Proceedings o f the

Agronomy Society o f New' Zealand 21:61-65

® Umar S, Bansal SK (1997) Effect o f potassium application on water stressed

groundnut, Fert News 42( 10): 27-29

116

e U m ar S, Baiisal SK (1999) Ivffect o f foiiar fertilization o f potassium on yield,

quality and nutrient uptake o f groundnut. J o f Plant N utrition 22(11): 1785-1795

• Uriu K, Carlson RM, Henderson DW , Schulback, A ldrich I ’M (1990) Potassium

fertilization at prune trees under drip irrigation. Am er Soc Hort Sci 105; 508-510

« Ushcrvvood NR (1985) The role o f potassium in crop quality. In; M unson RI)

(ed) Potassium in Agriculture. A SA ,CSSA ,SSSA , M adison ,W I, pp 489-513

« Vaishya UK, Dube JN (1991) V ariation in the sym biotic effectiveness ol'

Rhizohium strains o f chickpea. Legum e Res 14: 73-77

• Van Kessel C (1994) Seasonal accum ulation and partitioning ol' nitrogen by

lentil. Plant Soil 164: 69-76

® Vanderraeer J (1989) I ’he ecology o f intercropping. Cam bridge U niversity Press,

New York.

• Vasilas, BL, Legg JO, W olf DC (1980) Foliar fertilization o f soybean;

A bsorption and translocation o f '•‘’N -labeled urea, Agron J 72: 271-275

® V ernia DP, Long S (1983) The m olecular biology o f Rhizobium -lcgum c

symbiosis. International Review o f Cytology 14: 212-245

® V essey JK (1992) Cultivar differences in assim ilate partitioning and capacity to

m aintain N2 fixation rate in pea during pod-lilling. Plant Soil 139: 185-194

® Viro M , Haeder HE (1971) The effect o f the potassium status o f tom ato plants on

the transport o f organic com pounds to the fruits. In: Potassium in B iochem istry

and Physiology. International Potash Institute, pp 118-124

• V irtanen AJ, Moisio T, Burris RH (1955) Fixation o f nitrogen by nodules

excised from illuminated and darkened pea plants. A cta Chem Scand 9; 184-186

• W ardlaw lA (1990) The control o f carbon partitioning in plants. N ew Phylol 116:

341-381

• W ilkinson SR, Grunes DL, Sum m er ME (2000) N utrient interactions in soil und

plant nutrition. In: Summer ME (ed) H andbook o f Soil Science. CRC Press, New

York, pp D 89-D 104

• Willey RW (1979) Intercropping- its im portance and research needs (Part I)

Competition and Yield A dvantages. Field Crop Abstract, 32: 2-10

• W illiams L, Kallcafi U (1997) A technique to im prove production and decrease

pollution. Proc Symposium '"Foliar Fertilization”, 10-14 Dec. 1995, Cairo l^gypt.

117

W ittenbach VA (1979) Ribulose bisphosphate carboxyhise and prtitcolitic

aclivily in whcul leaves from anlhe.sis tiirough .sencsccnce, IMant Physiol O-l: 884-

887

W ittw er SI I (197tS) ’Fhe next generation o l'ag ricu ltu ra l research. Science 199;

159

W olf DD, Kimbrough liL ,B lascr Rl'! (1976) Photosynthctic efliciency in altaffa

with increasing potassium nutrition. Crop Sci 16: 292-294

W oodend JJ, Glass ADM (1993) G cnotype-environm ent interaction tind

correlation between vegetative and grain production m easures o f potassium use

efficiency in wheat (7*. aest'mnn L.) grow n under potassium stress. l^laiU Soil 151:

39-44

Yang XK, Liu JX, W ang WM, Ye ZQ, Luo A C (2004) I'otassium internal use

efficiency relative to growth vigor, potassium distribution, and carbohydrate

allocation in rice genotypes. J Plant N utr 27: 837-852

Yanni YG (1992) Performance o f chickpea, lentil and lupine ncKluIated with

indigenous or inoculated Rhizobia m icro-partners under nitrogen, boron, cobalt

and m olybdenum fertilization schedules. W orld Journal o f Micrt)bi(.)k)gy and

Biotechnology 8; 607-613

Yin X , TJ Vyn (2003) Potassium placem ent effectx on yield and seed

com position o f no-till soybean seeded in alternate row widths. Agron J 95: 126-

132

Yin X, Vyn TJ (2002a) Residual effects o f potassium placem ent and liilage

systems for corn on subsequent no-till soybean. Agron J 94: 1112-1119

Yin X, Vyn TJ (2002b) Soybean responses to potassium placem ent and tillage

alternatives following no-till. A gron J 94:1367~L374

Yin X, Vyn 17 (2004) Critical leaf potassium concentrations ib r \ ’ie!d and seed

quality o f conservation-till soybean. Soil Sci Am J 68: 1626-1634

Zablotovvicz RM, Focht DD, Cannell GH (1981) N odulation and N fixation o f

field grow n California cowpeas as influenced by w ell-irrigated and drought

conditions. Agron J 73: 9-12

Zapata F, Danso SKA, Hardarson G, Fried M (1987a) T im e course o f nitrogen

fixation in field-grown soybean using m ethodology. A gron J 79: 172-176

118

« Zapata 1-, Danso SKA, Mardarson G, I-'ried M (1987b) Nitrogen fixation and

tran,sk)calion in I’lcld grown fababcan. A gron J 79: 505-509

« Zhang F', Ciuo J. Yang YI<, l ie W l„ Zhan I, (2004) Changes in patterns o f

antioxidant cn /ym es in wheat exposed to w ater d e lk it and re-watering. Acta

Physiol Plant 26; 345-352

« Zhang G. C'hen i . 'I'irore i'^A (1999) Genotypic variation for potassium uptake

and utili/ation el'llciency in wlicat. N utr Cycl A groecosys 54: 41-48

119