Reconstructi Reconstructi on on
Dec 31, 2015
ReconstructionReconstruction
What was the period when the What was the period when the federal government tried to federal government tried to
rebuild the South and restore rebuild the South and restore the Union after the Civil War?the Union after the Civil War?
•ReconstructionReconstruction
Did Reconstruction lead to Did Reconstruction lead to the political, economic, and the political, economic, and social control of the South social control of the South
by whites?by whites?
•YES!YES!
Were the economic and Were the economic and political gains made by former political gains made by former slaves during Reconstruction slaves during Reconstruction
permanentpermanent or or temporarytemporary??
•TemporaryTemporary
What was Lincoln’s What was Lincoln’s view of view of
Reconstruction?Reconstruction?
• Secession was illegal and the Secession was illegal and the Southern states had never Southern states had never really left the Unionreally left the Union
• Federal government should Federal government should quickly restore Southern states quickly restore Southern states that were loyal to the Unionthat were loyal to the Union
• Federal government should not Federal government should not punish the Southpunish the South
Did Lincoln want to Did Lincoln want to punish the South after punish the South after
the war was over?the war was over?
•No.No.
Who did Lincoln believe Who did Lincoln believe should be in charge of should be in charge of
Reconstruction, the Reconstruction, the President or Congress?President or Congress?
•The PresidentThe President
Who said, “With malice Who said, “With malice towards none, with towards none, with
charity for all…let us charity for all…let us bind up the nation’s bind up the nation’s
wounds…”?wounds…”?
•Abraham LincolnAbraham Lincoln
Who succeeded Who succeeded Lincoln as Lincoln as president?president?
•Andrew JohnsonAndrew Johnson
Who did Johnson believe Who did Johnson believe should be in charge of should be in charge of
Reconstruction, the Reconstruction, the President or Congress?President or Congress?
•The PresidentThe President
What group of What group of Republicans gained Republicans gained
control of control of Reconstruction after Reconstruction after
Lincoln’s death?Lincoln’s death?
•Radical RepublicansRadical Republicans
Who were the Radical Who were the Radical Republicans?Republicans?
•Republicans who Republicans who wanted to punish the wanted to punish the former Confederate former Confederate states for causing the states for causing the Civil WarCivil War
Who did the Radical Who did the Radical Republicans believe should Republicans believe should
be in charge of be in charge of Reconstruction, the Reconstruction, the
President or Congress?President or Congress?
•CongressCongress
What two demands did What two demands did the Radical the Radical
Republicans make Republicans make during during
Reconstruction?Reconstruction?
• Refused to allow the Refused to allow the Confederate states to reenter Confederate states to reenter the Union until they had the Union until they had undergone undergone militarymilitary occupationoccupation
• Wanted to guarantee voting Wanted to guarantee voting rights and civil rights to rights and civil rights to African-AmericansAfrican-Americans
What two ideas did the What two ideas did the term military occupation term military occupation
mean during mean during Reconstruction?Reconstruction?
• Southern states were Southern states were under the rule of a general under the rule of a general in the U.S. Armyin the U.S. Army
• Troops were stationed in Troops were stationed in the South to keep orderthe South to keep order
Who were the Who were the freedmen?freedmen?
•Freed slavesFreed slaves
On what issue did On what issue did President Andrew Johnson President Andrew Johnson
and the Radical and the Radical Republicans clash?Republicans clash?
•Civil rights for the Civil rights for the freedmenfreedmen
What action did the Radical What action did the Radical Republicans take against Republicans take against
President Johnson?President Johnson?
• Impeached JohnsonImpeached Johnson
Define Define impeachment.impeachment.
•Bringing an official to Bringing an official to trial for misconduct in trial for misconduct in officeoffice
Under the Constitution, Under the Constitution, does impeachment does impeachment
necessarily mean an necessarily mean an official is removed from official is removed from
office?office?
•No.No.
Which house of Which house of Congress can impeach Congress can impeach
the president?the president?
•House of House of RepresentativesRepresentatives
Which house of Which house of Congress can remove a Congress can remove a president from office?president from office?
•The SenateThe Senate
Did the Radical Did the Radical Republicans remove Republicans remove
Andrew Johnson from the Andrew Johnson from the presidency?presidency?
•No.No.
What are the three What are the three “Civil War” “Civil War”
Amendments?Amendments?
• 1313thth
• 1414thth
• 1515thth
Identify the 13Identify the 13thth Amendment.Amendment.
•Abolished (ended) Abolished (ended) slaveryslavery
Identify the 14Identify the 14thth Amendment.Amendment.
• Gave citizenship to Gave citizenship to African-AmericansAfrican-Americans
• Guaranteed “equal Guaranteed “equal protection of the laws”protection of the laws”
Identify the 15th Identify the 15th Amendment.Amendment.
•Gave African-American Gave African-American males the right to votemales the right to vote
What are the key words to What are the key words to remember the three remember the three
Reconstruction Reconstruction Amendments?Amendments?
• 13th = Freedom13th = Freedom
• 14th14th = Citizenship= Citizenship
• 15th = Vote15th = Vote
During the Civil War, what During the Civil War, what were destroyed throughout were destroyed throughout
the South?the South?
• FarmsFarms
• RailroadsRailroads
• FactoriesFactories
What two major Southern What two major Southern cities lay in ruins at the end of cities lay in ruins at the end of
the Civil War?the Civil War?
•RichmondRichmond
•AtlantaAtlanta
How did the Civil War How did the Civil War affect the South?affect the South?
•South was the poorest South was the poorest section of the nation.section of the nation.
How did the Civil War How did the Civil War affect the North and affect the North and
Midwest?Midwest?
•North and Midwest had North and Midwest had strong industrial strong industrial economies.economies.
What transportation What transportation improvement occurred improvement occurred
in 1869?in 1869?
• First Transcontinental First Transcontinental RailroadRailroad
What did Ulysses S. What did Ulysses S. Grant do after the Civil Grant do after the Civil
War?War?
• Served as president during Served as president during most of Reconstructionmost of Reconstruction
• Did not want Radical Did not want Radical Republicans to be harsh with Republicans to be harsh with former Confederatesformer Confederates
• Supported rights for the Supported rights for the freedmenfreedmen
• Against retribution (payback) Against retribution (payback) toward the defeated Southtoward the defeated South
What did Robert E. Lee What did Robert E. Lee do after the Civil War?do after the Civil War?
• Urged Southerners to reconcile Urged Southerners to reconcile (accept defeat) and rejoin the (accept defeat) and rejoin the United StatesUnited States
• Served as president of Served as president of Washington College (now Washington College (now Washington & Lee)Washington & Lee)
• Said education was important Said education was important to the nation’s futureto the nation’s future
What did Frederick What did Frederick Douglass do after the Douglass do after the
Civil War?Civil War?
• Leading spokesman for African-Leading spokesman for African-Americans in the nationAmericans in the nation
• Supported full equality for African-Supported full equality for African-AmericansAmericans
• Called for the 14Called for the 14thth and 15 and 15thth Amendments Amendments
• Wanted the federal government to Wanted the federal government to protect the rights of the freedmen in the protect the rights of the freedmen in the South South
• Served as American ambassador to Served as American ambassador to Haiti and held civil service (federal Haiti and held civil service (federal government) jobsgovernment) jobs
What does one call the What does one call the group of people who cast group of people who cast
the official votes for the official votes for president and vice president and vice
president?president?
•The Electoral The Electoral CollegeCollege
How many electoral How many electoral votes does each votes does each
state have?state have?
• 2 for senators + # of 2 for senators + # of representatives in representatives in HouseHouse
Identify the Identify the Compromise of Compromise of
1877.1877.
• A political deal between A political deal between Southern Democrats and Southern Democrats and northern Republicansnorthern Republicans
• Democrats supported Democrats supported Rutherford Hayes’ election as Rutherford Hayes’ election as President and Republicans President and Republicans ended the military occupation ended the military occupation of the Southof the South
What were two What were two results of the results of the
Compromise of Compromise of 1877?1877?
• Former Confederates, Former Confederates, who controlled the who controlled the Democratic party, Democratic party, regained power in the regained power in the SouthSouth
• the “Jim Crow Era” soon the “Jim Crow Era” soon beganbegan
What was the “Jim What was the “Jim Crow Era”?Crow Era”?
• The period (late 1800s to The period (late 1800s to mid-1960s) when the mid-1960s) when the Southern states required Southern states required racialracial segregationsegregation in public in public schools, transportation and schools, transportation and other public facilities.other public facilities.
For what is “Jim For what is “Jim Crow” a synonym?Crow” a synonym?
•Racial SegregationRacial Segregation
What political rights did What political rights did African-Americans lose African-Americans lose
during the “Jim Crow Era”?during the “Jim Crow Era”?
• The right to voteThe right to vote
• The right to serve on The right to serve on juriesjuries
Define racial Define racial segregation.segregation.
•Separation of the Separation of the racesraces
• In the South, In the South, separation of blacks separation of blacks and whitesand whites