Reconstruction PPT Questions 2006 - Hammill's AP … · 3 Presidential Reconstruction April 14, 1865 – President Abraham Lincoln is assassinated while attending the play, Our American

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Reconstruction

Task: Define the term “reconstruct.”

Task: What do you think needs to be rebuilt at the end of the Civil War?

Presidential Reconstruction

PROBLEMS WITH RECONSTRUCTIONPROBLEMS WITH RECONSTRUCTION

1) How should states be re-admitted to the Union?

2) What should happen to the newly freed slaves?

“With malice [hatred] towards none, with charity for all, let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation’s wounds.”

- Abraham Lincoln, Second Inaugural Address, 1865

Task: Do you think Lincoln wanted to punish the seceded states? Explain.

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Presidential Reconstruction – The Loyalty Oath

I, Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States, declare all persons who have participated in the rebellion to that a full pardon…with restoration of all rights and property except as to owning slaves, upon the condition that every such person shall take this oath:

The following persons are not entitled to the benefits of this proclamation: anyone who has been an official of the Confederate States of America; all who have left the United States to aid the rebellion; all military or naval officers of the Confederate government above the rank of colonel in the army or lieutenant in the navy; all who left seats in the United States Congress to aid the rebellion.

Whenever at least one-tenth of the voters in a Confederate state shall take this oath, that state government shall be recognized as the true government of that state.

I, _______________________, do solemnly swear, in presence of almighty God, that I will support the Constitution of the United States and that I will obey all acts of Congress passed during the existing rebellion with reference to slaves; so help me God.

Task: In order to be readmitted into the Union, what needed to be done?

Task: Who would not be pardoned by Lincoln?

The Freedmen’s Bureau

Freedmen’s Bureau –

“I had the feeling that to get into a schoolhouse…would be about the same as getting into

paradise.”

- Booker T. Washington

Task: What do you think Washington means in this quote?

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Presidential Reconstruction

April 14, 1865 –

President Abraham Lincoln is assassinated while attending the play, Our American Cousin, at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C. by John Wilkes Booth.

Presidential Reconstruction

President Andrew Johnson (1865 – 1869) –

•Born in North Carolina

•Grew up in poverty

•Moved to Tennessee

•Became a tailor and a slave owner

•Jacksonian Democrat

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•Became a senator (remained even after secession)

•Lincoln’s Vice President

Task: You are President Johnson – what do you do? Do you:

a) follow Lincoln’s plan?

b) Develop a harsh plan for the South’s re-admittance to the Union?

c) Develop a more lenient plan for the South?

Explain…

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Presidential Reconstruction

“This policy has been one which was intended to restore the glorious Union – to bring those great States, now the subject of controversy, to their original relations to the Government of the United States….

…I have said it again and again, and I repeat it now, Disband your armies, acknowledge the supremacy of the Constitution of the United States, [do not pay off your Confederate war debts]….

It is not the course to deal with a whole people in the spirit of revenge. Those responsible for this rebellion must be brought to justice because [what they did] what a treasonous crime. But as for the great mass of people who have been forced into the rebellion, let there be forgiveness and kindness….”

- Andrew Johnson

Task: What is Johnson’s plan for Reconstruction?

Task: Did Johnson want to punish the South, explain?

Task: Who would not be forgiven for their crimes? Explain who this group consists of.

The Freedmen’s Bureau

Cartoon by Thomas Nast – April 14, 1866

Task: Who is this man?

Task: What is he doing?

Task: What is the message of this cartoon?

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The Civil War Amendments

13TH AMENDMENT

14TH AMENDMENT

15TH AMENDMENT

Task: Simplify the following Amendments to the U.S. Constitution.

Black Codes

Laws that prevented African Americans from:

Southern states refused to accept the principles of the 13th Amendment.

Many southern states passed…

Task: Why did Southern States pass Black Codes?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Plessy vs. Ferguson

•Homer Plessy was jailed for sitting in the “white” car on a Louisiana Railroad.

•Plessy was 1/8 black; 7/8 white.

SUPREME COURT RULING:

Task: Is separate truly equal? Explain.

The Congressional Plan

Task: How do you think Northerners reacted to the Black Codes?

As a result of the Black Codes:

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Radical Republicans –

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•They criticized Lincoln and Johnson for being too lenient on the South.

•They believed South should be divided into military districts and be under the rule of the military.

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Current Events

Task: Describe the purpose of the Northern occupation of the South by Northern troops.

Task: Assess why the United States military did not leave following the defeat of Saddam Hussein’s regime in Iraq.

Reconstructing the Nation

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• He believed it was his responsibility to decide what conditions states rejoin to Union.

• Constitution said it was Congress’ job to admit states into the Union.

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Task: What does “impeach” mean?

Not enough members of the House of Representatives

vote to convict him.

President Johnson finishes his term as President of the

United States.

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Carpetbaggers & ScalawagsCARPETBAGGERCARPETBAGGER

• Northerners who went down South.

Others did it to makes money.

Task: Why is Hillary Clinton considered a carpetbagger?

SCALAWAGSCALAWAG

Task: If you were a Southerner, whom would you despise more – a carpetbagger or a scalawag? Why?

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• They helped to reconstruct the South.

Sharecropping

• Without slavery, there could not be a plantation system.

• The freedmen needed a home/food/clothing/job.

• They looked to their old slave owner, who needed people to work on his farm.

• The former slave owner/land owner had no money to pay the freedmen.

• Instead, the land owner provided:

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In exchange for all this, the freedmen had to give part of their crop to the

land owner – called

Task: Compare and Contrast slavery and the sharecropping system.

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Sharecropping

Task: Compare and contrast the family of the left with the family on the right.

The Ku Klux Klan

• White Supremacy takes a new shape in the South.

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• KKK is still around today.

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Denied Their Rights

Methods Used In The Methods Used In The South to Deny African South to Deny African

Americans their rights.Americans their rights.

5) “Go out and find a job that will show the whites in this country that you have the same abilities. Only then can we achieve racial equality.” _________________________

3) “We are just as smart any white person, if not smarter! We shouldn’t need to prove that! Demand that Jim Crow laws be repealed throughout the South now!” ________________

2) “Be a plumber, be an electrician…get a job and earn the respect of the white man.”___________________________

1) “Demand equality and demand it now!” ___________________________

Booker T. Washington vs. W.E.B. DuBois

Task: For each quote, identify the speaker – Booker T. Washington or W.E.B. DuBois.

4) “We must show the white man that we can work so he will accept that our pleas for equality”___________________________

Booker T. WashingtonBooker T. Washington W.E.B. DuBoisW.E.B. DuBois

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Reconstruction EndsELECTION OF 1876

Rutherford B. Hayes Republican

Popular Vote:

Electoral Vote:

Samuel Tilden Democrat

Popular Vote:

Electoral Vote:

Compromise of 1877 –

1)

2)

Solid South –

Reconstruction Ends

Reasons for the End of Reconstruction –

1) North lost interest.

2)

3)

The New South -

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Task: Was the South so new? Explain.

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Reconstruction Ends

Task: Categorize the following aspects of Reconstruction as either an:

A – Accomplishments

F – Failure

____ Former slaves are given citizenship and equal protection under the laws by the 14th amendment.

____ States pass laws forcing citizens to pass literacy tests, pay poll taxes, or prove a relative had voted in the past in order to vote.

____ Former slaves are forced into debt through the sharecropping system.

____ The 15th amendment grants African American males the right to vote.

____ Jim Crow laws force blacks and whites to use separate facilities.

____ The Union was restored, proving the supremacy of the federal government.

____ The Freedmen’s Bureau was established to help freed slaves gain educational and economic opportunities.

____ The KKK terrorizes African Americans in an effort to reassert white supremacy.

____ African Americans use their right to own property and become entrepreneurs.

____ Some Southerners try to modernize the region by promoting industry.