Recent Trends in Content Delivery: what data centers ...steve/presentations/Content-delivery-joint-Ph… · content-aware traffic engineering. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review,

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Recent Trends in Content Delivery: what data centers, Clouds, IXPs, and SDN have

changed in the Internet ecosystem

Steve Uhlig Head of Networks Research Group Queen Mary University of London

[email protected] http://www.eecs.qmul.ac.uk/~steve/

Credit to collaborators from TU Berlin/Deutsche Telekom Labs & Duke/Akamai

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The Old Internet

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Today’s Internet

C. Labovitz, S. Iekel-Johnson, D. McPherson, J. Oberheide, and F. Jahanian. Internet Interdomain Traffic. Proc. of ACM SIGCOMM, 2010.

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What changed?

•  Mixed structure -  Tier-1 (10-20) + Large IXPs -  Regional ISPs + smaller regional IXP

•  Known AS connectivity -  Customer-provider: 90,000+ -  Peer-peer: ?

•  Traffic -  Increasingly exchanged directly between CDN

and regional ISPs B. Ager, N. Chatzis, A. Feldmann, N. Sarrar, S. Uhlig, and W. Willinger. Anatomy of a Large European IXP. Proc. of ACM SIGCOMM, 2012.

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The Internet Ecosystem

William B. Norton. The Internet Peering Playbook : Connecting to the Core of the Internet. DrPeering Press, 2012.

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Data centers

http://www.datacentermap.com/

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Google data centers

http://royal.pingdom.com/2008/04/11/map-of-all-google-data-center-locations/

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Clouds

http://www.datacentermap.com/

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From infrastructures to content players

B. Ager, W. Mühlbauer, G. Smaragdakis, and S. Uhlig. Web content cartography. Proc. of ACM SIGCOMM IMC 2011. (best paper award)

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Geographic coverage of popular CDNs

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Content is power

•  How different network rankings reflect reality?

B. Ager, W. Mühlbauer, G. Smaragdakis, and S. Uhlig. Web content cartography. Proc. of ACM SIGCOMM IMC 2011. (best paper award)

•  CAIDA: BGP-based degree or customer-cone •  Renesys: variant of CAIDA-cone •  Knodes: Fixedorbit.com centrality metric •  Arbor: Interdomain traffic •  Potential: hostname-based •  Normalized potential: weighted hostnames

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CDN 3.0

•  Hybrid infrastructures: Akamai, PPTV

•  Meta-CDNs: Conviva, Xunlei

•  Exploit virtualization, e.g., build dynamic CDNs through ISP micro-datacenters or Clouds

ISPS

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

= PoP with Microdatacenter (Service deployed)= PoP with Microdatacenter

PoPs

B. Frank, I. Poese, G. Smaragdakis, A. Feldmann, S. Uhlig and B. Maggs. Enabling content-aware traffic engineering. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, October 2012.

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Enabler: SDN

•  Software-defined networking •  Example: Google

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Conclusion

•  Content delivery is shaping the Internet •  Significant local network interconnection and

traffic •  CDN 3.0: hybrid and ISP-CDN clouds •  SDN useful for dynamic content delivery and

traffic engineering