Recent Improvement of Integrated Recent Improvement of Integrated Observation Systems Observation Systems in Japan in Japan WMO Technical Conference on Meteorological and Environmental Instruments and Methods of Observation TECO-2010 Helsinki, Finland, 31 August 2010 Kenji AKAEDA Observations Division, Observations Department JMA
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Recent Improvement of Integrated Observation Systems in Japan WMO Technical Conference on Meteorological and Environmental Instruments and Methods of Observation.
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Recent Improvement of Integrated Recent Improvement of Integrated Observation SystemsObservation Systems in Japanin Japan
WMO Technical Conference on Meteorological and EnvironmentalInstruments and Methods of Observation
TECO-2010Helsinki, Finland, 31 August 2010
Kenji AKAEDAObservations Division, Observations Department
JMA
Recent Disaster Distribution (1998-2004)
Severe Weather in JAPANSevere Weather in JAPAN - torrential downpour / typhoon -- torrential downpour / typhoon -
1 hour precipitationaccumulation
Precipitation at Nagoya, 2000
Landslide
Flood
Violent Wind
Overview of the Observational Systems in JMAOverview of the Observational Systems in JMA
JMA is preparing WPR guidance material as IOM publication
Correlation of u- and v- component measurements for the wind profiler and the rawinsonde, both located at Hachijyojima in
2008.
Comparison of Rawinsonde and Wind Profiler Comparison of Rawinsonde and Wind Profiler MeasurementsMeasurements
y = 0.9627x + 0.0484R2 = 0.972
- 40
0
40
80
- 40 0 40 80UP (m/ s)
UR (m
/s)
y = 0.9757x + 0.0712R2 = 0.934
- 40
0
40
80
- 40 0 40 80VP(m/ s)
VR (m
/s) -30
0
30
-30 0 30UP U- S[m/ s]
VP
V-
S[m
/s]
Differences between wind profiler and rawinsonde wind component measurements
(N=7514).
u-component:
avg. -0.36m/s
std. 2.13m/s
v-component:
avg. -0.02m/s
std. 2.06m/s
10
GEONET (GPS Earth Observation NETwork)
AMeDAS (AWS)
GEONET is comprised of about 1200 GPS observation sites installed by the Geographical Survey Institute,
Japan. The main purpose of GEONET is observing crustal movement with earthquakes.
GPS Precipitable Water ObservationGPS Precipitable Water Observation
3-hour cumulative rainfall predicted by JMA’s 5-km MSM
Impact of GPS precipitable water on NWP
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Radar Data FlowRadar Data Flow
Radar Data
Control Center
Radar DataRadar Data
Radar DataRadar Data
Quality Assured 3-D Reflectivity
Data
Messocale Numerical
Model
Nationwide Radar
Composite Map
Rain gauge data by AWS
Precipitaion Nowcasting
Radar-raingauge Composite
Map Short-term Precipitation Forecasting
Every 30 minutes
up to next 1 hour
up to next 6 hours
Non-hydrostatic 5 km Model operated every 3 hours
Every 5minutes
Rainfall intensity
Rainfall
Quality Assured 3-D Doppler
Velocity Data
Data assimilation using 4D-VAR
Tornado Nowcasting
Straightforward extrapolation
Hazardous wind occurrence probability
up to next 1hour
Lightning Nowcasting
Lightning activity up to next 1hour
Sample of Lightning and Tornado Nowcast After 1h Lightning
Nowcast
After 1h Tornado Nowcast
Current Situation
Summary
Most of the observational systems are remotely monitored and controled by central system and whole data are gathered to the central system.QC / QA is important and JMA combines several method to keep data quality.AWS improved to output maximum instantaneous wind speed.All radiosonde systems are upgraded to GPS sonde. JMA operates 8 ABL, HGS and 8 normal radiosonde system.JMA has stably operated 31 WPR for 10 years. JMA is now preparing WPR guidance material as IOM.GPS precipitable water data are routinely used in NWP.16 radars out of 20 radars are upgraded to Doppler radar. Doppler velocity data are utilized in NWP and monitoring tornadoes. Radar data are also utilized for lightning and tornado nowcasting.
Thank you !
Surface observation dataincorporated in the upper air report
GPS satellite signal
Radiosonde signal
TEMP message
Ascent data(PTU,Wind)
Descent data
( PTU,Location )
Data Storage ServerQC / QA (non-real-time)
GTS
JMA Headquarters (Tokyo)
Calculate of observation
( including quality control procedures
such as gross error checks )
Radiosonde stations (16)Users
JMA Computer System for
Meteorological Services
Data Statistics/Archive SystemQC / QA (non-real-time)
CLIMAT TEMP
A/N Report (for domestic use)
Radiosonde Data Flow
16
Wind Profiler in JMA 17
Example of migrating-birds echoExample of migrating-birds echoFukui
(47616)
19 NOV
2002
Hei
ght (
km)
wind
Time (JST)
Time (JST)
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Wind Profiler Data FlowWind Profiler Data Flow
Horizontal and vertical components of wind and signal intensity being sent with BUFR code every 1 hour
10 minute values of Doppler velocity and signal intensity being sent every 10 minutes
Hourly analysis made with
Meso-scale model
Wind profiler data
C O S M E T S ( JMA Central Computer )
CONTROL CENTER ( JMA Headquarters )
Profiler-3Profiler-3
Every 1 hour Ever y 1 hour
10 minute data being sent every 1 hour
Data quality control and remote control of profilers being made