Recent Developments in the Global Cotton Market Cotton By-Products Kai Hughes Executive Director International Cotton Advisory Committee International Cotton Advisory Committee
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Recent Developments in the Global Cotton Market Cotton By-Products
Kai HughesExecutive DirectorInternational Cotton Advisory Committee
International Cotton Advisory Committee
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www.icac.org
Africa’s cotton yields have been stagnant for over four decades
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200
400
600
800
1'000 S
outh
Afr
ica
Eth
iopi
a C
amer
oon
Nig
er C
ote
D'Iv
oire
Ben
in M
ali
Uga
nda
Bur
kina
Fas
o Z
ambi
a S
eneg
al A
ngol
a G
hana
Tog
o G
uine
a B
urun
di C
had
Moz
ambi
que
Zim
babw
e
Kg/Ha
Region Average
Average Lint Yield 2015/16-2017/18
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www.icac.org
If cotton yields are increased is all Sub-Saharan Africa then lint production would increase by an additional 2 million tonnes
4.67 M Ha351 kg/ha 1.64 MT
788 kg/ha 3.68 M T
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www.icac.org
World Cotton Seed Production
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
69/7
0
72/7
3
75/7
6
78/7
9
81/8
2
84/8
5
87/8
8
90/9
1
93/9
4
96/9
7
99/0
0
02/0
3
05/0
6
08/0
9
11/1
2
14/1
5
17/1
8
Million Tonnes
Global cottonseed production has ranged
between 36 and 48 million tonnes in the last decade
Source: USDA Oilseed report
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www.icac.org
Cotton Seed by-products
Linters4%-8%
Hulls27%
Oil16%-18%
Cake & Meal45%
Direct Animal FeedProcessing Planting Purposes
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www.icac.org
Value chain of Seed-cotton
GINNING Waste20 Kg
*Costs are approximate global average estimates 2019
SEED COTTON
786 USD
1000 Kg
40 USD
LINT
640 USD
350 Kg
FUZZY SEED
226 USD
630 Kg PROCESSING
20 USD
OIL 107 122SEED-CAKE 284 81
HULLS 170 43LINTERS 50 16
Kg USD
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www.icac.org
Value chain of Seed-cotton
GINNING Waste2.0%
Direct Animal Feed
*Costs are approximate global average estimates 2019
SEED COTTON
0.79 US$/kg 40 US$/T
LINT
1.83 USD/kg
35%
FUZZY SEED
0.36 US$/kg
63%PROCESSING
30 US$/T
OIL 16%-18% 1.14SEED-CAKE 45% 0.29
HULLS 27% 0.25LINTERS 6%-8% 0.32
% US$/kg
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www.icac.org
Cotton Stalk value addition
Briquettes Pellets Particle boards
firewoodProcessing Soil incorporation
compostMushroom cultivation
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www.icac.org
• 48 USD• Net profit: 3 USD/T
• Stalks are only substrate
Compost800 kg
• 142 USD• Net profit: 22 USD/T
Particle Boards600 kg
• 101 USD• Net profit: 14 USD/T
Pellets950 kg
• 54 USD• Net profit: 6 USD/T
Briquettes950 kg
Mushrooms
COTTON STALKS1000 kg40 USD
Small scale Industry
Farm Value addition
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www.icac.org
Global Edible Oil Production 2018/19
73.6 56.5 28.0 19.7 8.6 5.7 5.2 3.7 3.1
571747 836 705 726
1'404
735 758
3'515
0
500
1'000
1'500
2'000
2'500
3'000
3'500
4'000
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Production Price
Million tonnes US$/Tonne
USDA: Oilseeds report
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www.icac.org
Cotton Seed Oil Production - Leading Countries3-year average
12
34 37 52 69 77
116 192
228 237
352 453
1'196 1'241
- 500 1'000 1'500
26.Chad…
15.Burkina Faso14.Benin
11.Mali10.Mexico
9.Turkmenistan8.Australia
7.Turkey6.Uzbekistan
5.USA4.Brazil
3.Pakistan2.China1.India
000 tonnes
Cottonseed Oil
Source: Oilseed report USDA*: 3-year average 2015/16- 2017/2018
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www.icac.org
Cotton Seed Oil Production in Africa3-year average
52 37 34 27 16 16 15 13 12 12 9 8 8 5 40
10
20
30
40
50
60Thousand tonnes
Cottonseed Oil
Source: Oilseed report USDA*: 3-year average 2015/16- 2017/2018
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www.icac.orgSource: ICAC, 2019
55 55 5662 63
70 70 7376 79
83 8593
99
133
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
*South Africa imports cotton seed for oil extraction
% Seed Crushed for Oil and Meal in Africa
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0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140Value (Million USD) of Oil, Meal and unused cotton seed in Africa
OilSeed Meal CakeUnused Seed
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www.icac.orgSource: ICAC, 2019
Value addition of uncrushed Cotton Seedin Africa
0
10
20
30
40
50
Seed valueif value added
Million US$
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www.icac.org
Edible Oil Imports in Africa3-year average
Source: UNCOMTRADE.
-
500
1'000
1'500
2'000
2'500
3'000
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Edible Oil ImportsCottonseed Oil ProductionSeed Cotton Yield
Thousand tonnes Kg/ha
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www.icac.org
Cottonseed Oil Trade - 2018
USA59%Malaysia
11%
Kazakhstan8%
South Africa6%
Turkmenistan4%
Other12%
Top Five Exporting Countries Top Five Importing Countries
Mexico22%
Australia15%
Malaysia12%
Canada8%
Tajikistan8%
Others35%
HS Code: 151229. Cottonseed oil and its fractions, whether or not refined, but not chemically modified
Thousand MillionProduct Tonnes US$USA 52.04 46.72 898 Malaysia 9.42 10.62 1,128 Kazakhstan 6.73 6.11 907 South Africa 5.61 6.46 1,151 Turkmenistan 3.79 3.23 853 Others 10.33 11.15 1,080 World 87.92 84.28
US$/T Thousand MillionProduct Tonnes US$Mexico 22.63 15.71 694 Australia 15.97 15.02 940 Malaysia 12.42 10.58 852 Canada 8.75 7.40 846 Tajikistan 8.57 6.48 756 Others 36.33 40.87 1,125 World 104.67 96.05
US$/T
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www.icac.org
Cottonseed oil is healthy
Zero CholesterolHigh Vitamin E21% Monounsaturated fatty acids48% Polyunsaturated fatty acids25% Saturated fatty acids
-American Heart Association
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www.icac.org
Fatty acids, cholesterol and vitamin E in oilsSaturated Monounsaturated Polyunsaturated Cholesterol Vitamin E
g/100g g/100g g/100g mg/100g mg/100gAnimal fatsDuck fat 33.2 49.3 12.9 100 2.7Lard 40.8 43.8 9.6 93 0.6Tallow 49.8 41.8 4 109 2.7Butter 54 19.8 2.6 230 2Vegetable fatsCoconut oil 85.2 6.6 1.7 0 0.66Cocoa butter 60 32.9 3 0 1.8Palm kernel oil 81.5 11.4 1.6 0 3.8Palm oil 45.3 41.6 8.3 0 33.12Cottonseed oil 25.5 21.3 48.1 0 42.77Wheat germ oil 18.8 15.9 60.7 0 136.65Soybean oil 14.5 23.2 56.5 0 16.29Olive oil 14 69.7 11.2 0 5.1Corn oil 12.7 24.7 57.8 0 17.24Sunflower oil 11.9 20.2 63 0 49Safflower oil 10.2 12.6 72.1 0 40.68Hemp oil 10 15 75 0 12.34Canola oil 5.3 64.3 24.8 0 22.21
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatty_acid
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www.icac.org
Global Seed-meal Production 2018/19
236.3 39.4 21.1 15.7 10.1 6.9 2.00
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
0
50
100
150
200
250
Production
Price
Million tonnes US$/Tonne
USDA: Oilseeds report
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www.icac.org
Cottonseed Meal Production – Leading Countries2018/19
116130134144159172263328
563658
7761420
170041164210
0 2000 4000 6000
Burkina FasoEU-27
MyanmarTurkmenistan
BeninMali
MexicoAustralia
UzbekistanTurkey
United StatesPakistan
BrazilChinaIndia
000 tonnes
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www.icac.org
Global Meal – Exports2018
Million BillionProduct Tonnes US$Soybean 68.69 26.96 392 78.7%Sunflowerseed 9.09 1.92 211 10.4%Palm Kernel 7.82 0.99 126 9.0%Coconut 0.76 0.13 176 0.9%Cottonseed 0.54 0.12 217 0.6%Linseed 0.20 0.07 340 0.2%Peanut 0.12 0.04 349 0.1%Total 87.23 30.23
US$/ tonne
Source: UNCOMTRADE.Others: rapeseed, corn, among others.
Million tonnes US$/ tonne
68.7
9.1 7.8
0.8 0.5 0.2 0.10
100
200
300
400
500
0
20
40
60
80Quantity Value
Global OilCake - Exports
MillionBillionUS$/ tonne
ProductTonnesUS$
Soybean68.6926.9639278.7%
Sunflowerseed9.091.9221110.4%
Palm Kernel7.820.991269.0%
Coconut0.760.131760.9%
Cottonseed0.540.122170.6%
Linseed0.200.073400.2%
Peanut0.120.043490.1%
Total87.2330.23
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www.icac.org
Cottonseed Meal Trade - 2018
USA20%
Benin14%
Burkina Faso12%
Tanzania9%
Turkey8%
Others37%
Top Five Exporting Countries Top Five Importing Countries
Mexico15%
South Africa12%
Senegal10%
Kenya8%
Syria7%
Others48%
HS Code: 230610. Oilcake and other solid residues of cotton seeds, resulting from the extraction of vegetable fats or oils
Thousand MillionProduct Tonnes US$USA 107.57 28.78 268 Benin 76.16 16.36 215 Burkina Faso 63.80 11.55 181 Tanzania 51.34 9.98 194 Turkey 44.68 8.80 197 Others 198.83 42.49 214 World 542.37 117.95
US$/T Thousand MillionProduct Tonnes US$Mexico 79.31 20.28 256 South Africa 61.15 13.52 221 Senegal 50.22 7.74 154 Kenya 40.49 7.47 185 Syria 38.24 7.53 197 Others 245.89 57.36 233 World 515.29 113.90
US$/T
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www.icac.org
Cotton Linters - Exports
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
2013
2015
2017
‘000US$ millions
US$ Qty tonnes
Cotton Linters exports have decreased 58% over the
past decade, from 282,000 tonnes in 2009 to 118,000
tonnes in 2018
HS Code: 140420. Cotton Linters
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www.icac.org
Cotton Linters Trade2018
India27%
Turkey18%
Brazil15%
USA12%
South Africa8%
Other20%
Top Five Exporting Countries Top Five Importing Countries
China47%
Japan27%
Spain14%
USA2%
Serbia1% Other
8%
HS Code: 140420. Cotton Linters
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www.icac.org
West Africa can generate US$ 123 million from cotton stalks and US$ 78 million by removing gossypol from seed-meal
Seed-meal Short fibres Cotton StalksCountry Seed
productionRemoving Gossypol
Absorbent cotton
Briquettes Pellets Power generation
Power
'000 t US$ Million '000 MWBurkina Faso 549 18 16 13 29 0.57 38Mali 549 18 16 13 29 0.57 38Benin 500.4 17 15 12 26 0.52 35Cote D’Ivoire 333 11 10 8 17 0.35 23Cameroon 196 6 6 5 10 0.20 14Togo 90 3 3 2 5 0.09 6Chad 47 2 1 1 2 0.05 3Nigeria 92 3 3 2 5 0.10 6
TOTAL 2356 78 71 57 123 2.45 164
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www.icac.org
East Africa can generate US$ 42 million from cotton stalks and US$ 26 million by removing gossypol from seed-meal
Seed-meal Short fibres Cotton StalksCountry Seed
productionRemoving Gossypol
Absorbent cotton
Briquettes Pellets Power generation
Power
'000 t US$ Million '000 MWSudan 196 6 6 5 10 0.20 14Zambia 79 3 2 2 4 0.08 6Zimbabwe 90 3 3 2 5 0.09 6Tanzania 167 6 5 4 9 0.17 12Mozambique 43 1 1 1 2 0.05 3South Africa 70 2 2 2 4 0.07 5Uganda 49 2 1 1 3 0.05 3Ethiopia 68 2 2 2 4 0.07 5
TOTAL 799 26 24 19 42 0.83 56
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Thank You
Any Questions?
International Cotton Advisory Committee
�Recent Developments in the Global Cotton Market ��Cotton By-ProductsSlide Number 2Slide Number 3Slide Number 4Slide Number 5Slide Number 6Slide Number 7Slide Number 8Slide Number 9Slide Number 10Slide Number 11Slide Number 12Slide Number 13Slide Number 14Slide Number 15Slide Number 16Slide Number 17Slide Number 18Slide Number 19Slide Number 20Slide Number 21Slide Number 22Slide Number 23Slide Number 24Slide Number 25West Africa can generate US$ 123 million from cotton stalks and US$ 78 million by removing gossypol from seed-mealEast Africa can generate US$ 42 million from cotton stalks and US$ 26 million by removing gossypol from seed-mealThank You��Any Questions?
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