RECAP Romulus movie Story of Romulus reinforces some important Roman values: one must always put Rome first, before self, family (even your twin brother).

ROMAN HISTORY

RECAP

Romulus movie

Story of Romulus reinforces some important Roman

values: one must always put Rome first, before self, family (even your twin

brother).

ROME WAS FOUNDED IN 753 BCE

ROMULUS AND REMUS

From 753 BCE until 509 BCE Rome was ruled by kings

Romulus

Numa Pompilius

Tullus Hostilius

Ancus Martius

Tarquinius Priscus

Servius Tullius

Tarquinius Superbus

MONARCHY

Tarquinius Superbus was so bad, that Brutus and

Colatinus drove him out and the Roman Republic was

formed.

Democracy

509 BC

Senate is the advisory board.

Elected officials in charge of running

infrastructure, finances and the

courts.

Provincial Aristocrats are

in charge of governing small

towns.

SPQR

ROMAN REPUBLIC

Throughout Roman History, ta les from this per iod are to ld

to re inforce Roman v i r tues .

TALES OF ROMAN

BRAVERY

Rome starts out as a small city and grows bit by bit

until it becomes a powerful force in the third century

BCE.Punic War Movie

REPUBLIC

After the three Punic Wars, Rome becomes the master of the Mediterranean and an

extremely wealthy state.

PUNIC WARS

Problems begin over the influx of money. Rome expands

more.Violence occurs in Rome; civil wars between powerful generals cause strife in Rome during the

second and first century BC. Republic ultimately comes to an end

with Julius Caesar.

FALL OF THE REPUBLIC

44 BCE

44 BC

DEATH OF CAESAR

By the first century BCE, Rome is too big

to run as it had been in the Republic. Octavian,

who is known as Augustus, becomes the

first emperor.Primus Inter Pares

ROMAN EMPIRE

Rome sees itself as:

Divinely ordained to rule the world.

A stabilizing force throughout the world.

A civilizing force throughout the world.

Eternally and universally in power.

During the Height of the

Empire

ROME

Roman historians, poets, ancient P.R. People put out the following theme:

Rome became great because they were

Courageous, serious, hard working, wise, thrifty, obedient

to established authority, devoted to the gods, family,

home, country

ROMAN VIRTUES

Careful to preserve the values and

customs of their ancestors,

Slow to adopt change unless it appeared sound.

Conservative

Emperor represents Rome.

He is the First Citizen

(Princeps).

Symbol of Roman Majesty.

Supreme Authority.

Good Emperors were loved and worshiped as gods.

Bad Emperors were horrible.

Bad Emperors

THE EMPEROR

NervaTrajan

HadrianAntoninus

PiusMarcus Aurelius

Good Emperors

GIBBONS AND THE DECLINE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE

LATE ANTIQUITY

A series of problems

occurs at the same time and nearly brings about the end

of Rome.

• Military anarchy

(between 235-284, 24 emperors are put into place and killed off by

army)

MID THIRD CENTURY CE

Rome’s frontiers had

been stabilized by army.Because of droughts, food shortages, and population growth in Persia and Pannonia,

“Barbarians” attack and try to take over Roman

border areas.

BARBARIAN INVASIONS

Roman army cannot really keep borders

safe.

Taxes are raised mightily

to pay for border wars.

Poor and middle class people are

especially hurt by taxes.

They have less money and spend less and industry

shrinks.

ECONOMY FAILS

Small farmers cannot compete with

large government supported farms.

Food shortages.Army cannot be fed.

AGRICULTURE FAILS

Aristocrats in provincial towns are heavily taxed and can no longer provide buildings and

services for local communities. Building, infrastructure, local

government and schools dissolve.

LOCAL ARISTOCRACIES

Because of the civil wars, aristocratic families are killed off

or their money and land is confiscated. Friends of temporary emperors are put in the Senate. Less loyalty to Rome becomes

rampant.Traditional Roman virtues

abandoned.

ERADICATION OF ARISTOCRACY

• Diocletian “saves” Rome by:• Reforming the role of the

military• Establishing a strong, central

government • Dividing the Empire into the

East and West to thwart military threats

284-305 CE

DIOCLETIAN

Makes Constantinople the capital of the Eastern Empire

Establishes Christianity as the

official Roman Religion

285 – 337 AD

CONSTANTINETHE GREAT

• Eastern and Western Empire• Greek

Language• Barbarian

Threats

• Dissolution of Roman

Values and Traditions

• Christianity

THEMES