Rebecca Crabtree Fall 2010 Green House Gases (GHG) Carbon Dioxide (CO 2) Nitrous Oxide (N 2 O) Methane (CH 4 ) Lowered pH of oceans Acidity= loss.
Dec 23, 2015
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- Rebecca Crabtree Fall 2010
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- Green House Gases (GHG) Carbon Dioxide (CO 2) Nitrous Oxide (N 2 O) Methane (CH 4 ) Lowered pH of oceans Acidity= loss Coral reefs Biodiversity Ocean life Global Warming No reliable renewable energy source.
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- Fossil Fuel Energy Replacement? Solar Energy Thermal Photovoltaic Hydroelectric Geothermal Wind Biofuels Carbon Sequestration (Seizure)
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- Jatropha Drought resistant 28-35% Oil production Used for soap, fertilizer, pest control. Lignocellulosic materials Agricultural residues Systematically grown energy crops With high potential yields of biofuels not used as a human consumption food source.
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- DIESEL & GASOLINEBIODIESEL & BIO-ETHANOL Reducing crude oil reserves Extraction and processing difficulties Continual price increase $$$$ Available Now Produced from biomass or renewable resources Lower combustion emissions Produced with existing technologies More expensive than fossil fuels currently
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- Diversify income fuel supply sources. Increased energy supply security Promote Employment Long term fossil fuel replacement Reduce GHG emissions
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- available arable land for bio-energy crops
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- Microalgae! Renewable Land requirement reduction Presumed higher energy yields Cultivation is not directly linked to human consumption Low Space Requirements
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- Prokaryotic or eukaryotic photosynthetic microorganisms that can grow rapidly and live in harsh conditions.
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- Prokaryotic: Cyanobacteria Bluegreen Algae Cyanophyceae Eukaryotic Green algae Diatoms Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta
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- Present in all existing ecosystems including terrestrial 50,000 species are in existance Only 30,000 have been analyzed
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- Pollution control Biological sequestrian of CO 2 Wastewater treatment Advantages compared to other feedstock Current status of production Growth, harvest, and processing Other potential applications and the combination with biodiesel production
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- Easily Cultivated Little to no attention needed Uses water that is unsuitable for human consumption Easily obtains nutrients Self reproduction Photosynthesis Complete entire growth cycle in days! Growth rates can be accelerated Can grow almost anywhere with sunlight and simple nutrients
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- Soy Bean, Rapeseed, Sunflower, Palm oil Possibility of finding local environments best suited for specific growth characteristics Higher growth rates and productivity Less land area requirements Average oil content is 30-70% Can produce biodiesel, methane, hydrogen, ethanol and many other renewable fuels
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- Removal of CO 2 from industrial flue gases Algae bio-fixation Wastewater treatment Water contaminants used as nutrients After oil extraction it can be processed into ethanol, methane, livestock feed, organic fertilizer (high N:P ratio), burned for energy (electricity and heat)
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- Independently grown in unsuitable agricultural areas No competition for arable land No freshwater requirement Compound extraction can produce bulk products Fats, polyunsaturated fats, oil, natural dyes, sugars, pigments, antioxidants, high-value bioactive compounds, etc. High-value biological derivatives Biofuels, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, nutrition, food additives, aquaculture, pollution prevention
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- How grow, harvest, and process algae as a renewable resource
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- Materials and Methods
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- 1960S JAPAN, NIHON CHLORELLA USING MICROALGAE FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY -1970 Culture of Chlorella Most common species found in Smith Mountain Lake and Chapman Pond! Interest began during the first oil crisis
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- Dairy and Municipal Waste Water Production: Nutrient removal and lipid production methods Dairy: outdoor cultures (bench scale) Stock ponds Municipal: indoor reactors (semi-continuous treatment)
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- This may be seen being used with municipal indoor production systems.
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- Lipid content ranges from 14-29% with dairy and municipal production systems. Both algae cultures have proven to effectively remove dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus to low levels. Both algae cultures have proven to produce feedstock useful for liquid biofuel production.
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- DAIRYMUNICIPAL Lipid content peaked at day 6 If maximum productivity sustained year round the total volumetric productivity would equal: 11,000 L/ha/year 1,200 gal/ac/year Ammonium and Orthophosphate removal was 96% 2-4 day hydraulic residence times (time growing in the water) Maximum productivity was 24 mg/day/L 8.76 g/year/L Ammonium and Orthophosphate removal was 99%
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- How do YOU feel about using microalgae as an alternative fuel source?
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