GENERAL IELTS READING PRACTICE TEST 19 PART 1 - Question 1 Choose the appropriate letter A-D 1. According to the writer, what piece of information is true about the TV programme? A There are a wide range of activities performed by the candidates B Candidates are unlikely to achieve a great deal in 24 hours C Negotiations are made in a language other than English D Candidates have to demonstrate their ability to buy high purchase goods Questions 2-4 Choose THREE letters A-G. Which THREE of the following does the writer highlight when describing the apprenticeship program? A there is an official product launch B it is comprised of a number of phases C there is a variety of group dynamics D there are a few interviews with directors in joint venture companies E there is an assessment of logical thinking F one interview is in a language other than the mother tongue G there is a team work test online Apprenticeship Have you got what it takes?
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GENERAL IELTS READING PRACTICE TEST 19
PART 1 - Question 1
Choose the appropriate letter A-D
1. According to the writer, what piece of information is true about the TV programme? A There are a
wide range of activities performed by the candidates
B Candidates are unlikely to achieve a great deal in 24 hours C
Negotiations are made in a language other than English
D Candidates have to demonstrate their ability to buy high purchase goods
Questions 2-4
Choose THREE letters A-G. Which THREE of the following does the writer highlight when describing the
apprenticeship program?
A there is an official product launch
B it is comprised of a number of phases
C there is a variety of group dynamics
D there are a few interviews with directors in joint venture companies
E there is an assessment of logical thinking
F one interview is in a language other than the mother tongue
G there is a team work test online
Apprenticeship
Have you got what it takes?
Nowadays, several corporations have launched their version of the famous TV series ‘The Apprentice – You are fired’.
This TV programme is broadcasted in many countries but, unlike a mere commodity with subtitles, these programmes
also feature their national successful entrepreneur and a group of 16 candidates who will work hard to get their dream job
or partnership in a capital city.
The variety of tasks is unbelievable. In the UK, candidates may have a container of Chinese goods and have to sell them
in bulk in 24 hours. Next time, they may fly to Dubai and have to purchase a list of items (whose names are not in
English) at the best price while ensuring the best quality. In Brazil, they may have to deal with high purchase items such
as 50 designer wedding dresses in 72 hours. These have been an inspiration to major companies worldwide.
Whenever you come across the opportunity to join an apprenticeship program, you realise that there are 6-7 different
stages in the process. They may start with an online logical reasoning test, which you are timed and expected to achieve
75%. Once you pass it, you may have another online assessment, which will evaluate your team management skills. You
may participate in a group dynamics and you
will be expected to launch a product and present it to psychologists and human resources coordinators. You may be
invited to an interview with the human resources manager and, once you pass it, you may be invited to another
interview with external examiners, who are no less than directors in joint venture companies. Finally, you may be
invited to an interview with the company directors in a foreign language.
A major European telecommunications company had over 15,000 applicants for their next apprenticeship program. The
first two online assessments eliminated 10,000 candidates. The group dynamics was then held in a financial building and
candidates were divided into groups of 24 so that they could spend a day in the meeting room with two psychologists, a
product manager and a human resources coordinator. Once they introduced themselves, each candidate was asked to
briefly describe their professional achievements. The candidates were split into two groups and, after 2 hours, they were
expected to launch the next device which could revolutionise the telecommunications industry. Besides a good product,
they also had to deliver an immaculate presentation which would impress their audience. Only one candidate would pass
to the next stage. This meant that the following skills would make a difference: outstanding team work, deadline
successfully met, amazing oratory and public speaking skills, a dose of creativity, rational analysis of current trends in
product development. Are you ready to show your skills?
Lucy Stanley is a psychologist specialised in business relationship, networking and corporate thinking.
Questions 5-9
Look at the newspaper report on the previous page and at the statements (5-9) below. Choose
TRUE if the statement is true
FALSE if the statement is false
NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage
5. Goods were sold wholesale in one of the British TV series.
6. All candidates face three job interviews in the recruitment process.
7. Only a third of the candidates passed the first two assignments.
8. Candidates made a brief speech about what they had included in their CV.
9. Each group was made up of 12 candidates and they had to create the next gadget.
Question 10
Choose the appropriate letter A-D
10. From the list below, choose the skill that the candidate was not expected to demonstrate during the group dynamics
according to the reading passage:
A flawless and eloquent oral presentation
B a certain display of originality
C inattentiveness in relation to time limit
D understanding of the tendencies in the industry
Questions 11-18
Match the city break and its respective description to the statements 11-18. NB Some of the city breaks may be
chosen more than once.
11. You will hear about legendary stories.
12. A souvenir is included in this holiday package.
13. You cannot go there in every season.
14. You can celebrate a particular holiday in great style.
15. You can interact with some artists here.
16. Another city has been an inspiration to part of this place.
17. This traditional event is set on a specific weekday.
18. A range of vehicles are developed in this city.
Amazing City Breaks
Come and enjoy a fantastic weekend in one of the greatest European cities.
A. London Time
Are you ready for a splendid time? You are invited to stay in a luxurious Victorian suite and have a full English breakfast.
As you are on time to see the Big Ben, you can make your way to Buckingham Palace where the ceremony of Changing
the Guard take place every Sunday at 11am. Enjoy a majestic weekend!
B. French Life
Bonjour! You are now in the elegant city of Paris. This is an exclusive holiday offer – come and indulge yourself in the
most exuberant fragrances and fashion designed in the world. Paris is an international reference for romantic people and
it is time for a lovely Valentine’s Day. The hotel is at the heart of the city and, as Paris is the City of Lights, you are
going have a romantic candlelit dinner in Paris!
C. Real Barcelona
This city break is for football lovers. As well as the essential guided tour to cathedrals, museums and stunning buildings in
the city, you will have the opportunity to watch a football match in the Barcelona stadium. Do not forget to pack your
official football T-shirt which comes for free in your holiday package and get ready for a kicking good time!
D. Bella Italia
Do you fancy visiting the Coliseum and learning about the history of the Roman Empire? Then, this holiday break is
for you. You will have a sightseeing tour in the most stunning historic buildings and see some amazing facts about
gladiators and Roman emperors. The food is exquisite and you are enticed to eat the best pasta, pizza and Italian bread
you have ever tasted. Mamma Mia!
E. Icy Sweden
This is a unique opportunity for snow lovers. The Ice Hotel is built every year and it is open during the winter term
only. If you are into skiing and having a cosy winter time, then you can pack your overcoat, gloves and scarves and
book one of the exclusive suites designed by artists and architects. This year one of the suites resembles the London
Underground! Arrive there before spring.
F. Speedy Germany
Come and visit Cologne – the traditional automotive industry. You are going to have the opportunity to go for a test drive
in one of the most technologically advanced cars developed by the greatest car manufacturers in the world. At night, you
can try incredible recipes and the best German sausages. Enjoy the city at great speed!
G. Greek Myth
Are you fond of the Greek mythology? Would you like to see the birth of civilisation? You should visit Athens and take a
guided tour to the Acropolis where you will learn about the mythological creatures of the Greek civilisation. You can see
monuments and contemplate great actors dressed as Socrates and Plato and have a nice chat about the meaning of life.
Welcome to a philosophy weekend!
H. Portugal Pack
Do you know Portugal? Coimbra boosts a history of poetry and you are going to visit the university where these
writers studied. You are then going to see the wine production process in Porto and try some of the best Portuguese
wines while listening to traditional music and dance. Enjoy a cultural weekend.
PART 2 - Questions 19-25
From the list of headings below, choose the most suitable heading for each paragraph A-G.
List of headings
i Effective assurance
ii The relevance of time management
iii Managing the time
iv Recording the time
v Task classification
vi Learning how to spend time effectively
vii Assessing time
viii Useful tools for time management
ix Forecasting aims
x Applying time management
19. Paragraph A
20. Paragraph B
21. Paragraph C
22. Paragraph D
23. Paragraph E
24. Paragraph F
25. Paragraph G
Time Management
Here is an evaluation of how time can be managed effectively
A. Time is an important resource which can be completely wasted unless it is spent wisely. The saying ‘Time is Money’
demonstrates how valuable it is, yet its management is often neglected. For instance, when a manager spends time
answering questions from his/her subordinates, the manager’s tasks are put aside. Meanwhile, the colleagues also waste
time as they are waiting for their manager’s attention. Delegation is a key factor here – managers should delegate tasks
according to subordinates’ abilities.
B. It is also crucial to evaluate the time. People quite often spend most of their time on unimportant tasks, such as
reading emails, and forget to accomplish high-priority tasks. The reason why this happens is simply because they have
not assessed the level of priority each task should be given. At the end of the day, important tasks are undone while
daily ones are overemphasised. Therefore, task assessment should be undertaken and time should be spent so as to
complete high-priority work.
C. In order to assess the priority level of each task, it is wise to use the method that categorises each task as Type A, B,
or C. Type A refers to every task which is considered to be important and urgent; type B means that the task is important
but not necessarily urgent, or vice versa; type C, on the other hand, is used for tasks which are part of the routine or
known as daily activity. Unless tasks are categorised according to the principle above, people will tend to complete the
C-type tasks first as they are conditioned to routine.
D. In addition to evaluation, a time log should be set. It basically consists of a diary divided into 30 minute chunks which
is used for writing down every activity done. At the end of the day, it is possible to analyse how much time was spent on
each activity and whether it was finished or not. This review enables you to reconsider how much time has been allocated
to each task and whether work efficiency is achieved.
E. In order to maximise time management, it is important that goals are also included. Short-term planning involves
assessing short-term personal and professional goals and allocating substantial time so as to accomplish them.
Meanwhile, long-term goals should be indicated and written down so that they are not neglected due to the
overwhelming amount of daily activities. In other words, it is important to state long-term goals so as to avoid losing
track of the target or focus on the bigger picture.
F. An example of time planning accessories is the use of a diary, or a weekly and monthly planner in paper or
electronic format. The device is helpful as it provides a source for booking appointments, setting deadlines, scheduling
tasks and allocating time so as to complete them. However, there is no real purpose unless it is constantly updated.
G. At last but not least, time management entails an array of actions including using positive thinking.
Optimism allows us to deal with issues positively and resolve them in a productive way. The final outcome is an
efficient accomplishment.
Questions 26-30
Look at the reading passage on the previous page. Complete the flow chart below using NO MORE THAN THREE
WORDS for each answer.
26.……………………… has to be carried out in order to identify high-priority work. A time log is a
diary split into 27.…………………... .
Short-term and long-term planning enable you to 28.…………………... .
Diaries and planners have to be 29.……………………. , otherwise they are useless. Optimism and
positive thinking result in 30.………………………… .
Saving Up
Incremental changes for cutting expenses and generating savings
As the world of consumption is constantly growing, we are snowed under with options and a wide selection of similar
items which just make us confused. They promise to be of better quality than its counterparts and appealing to our needs.
However, do we really need them? Or are we just splashing out our savings on unnecessary items?
Due to the recent economic crisis, people have learnt how to bargain more and spend less. Meanwhile, they have all
been conditioned to a good life and want to do whatever it takes to keep it. So here is a list of interesting tips for saving
money in your pockets.
The first thing you should consider is the amount of bills that are lying on your desk. What do they refer to? Are these
basic utility bills such as water and electricity bill or unused satellite TV channels? You should cut down on the number
of TV channels you pay monthly. For example, do you need 200 channels when you just watch 5 different channels once
a week? Why not go for a pay-as-you-go option if you cannot live without satellite TV? In addition to that, you may also
analyse the total consumption of utility bills. If your electrical devices are on stand-by the whole night, then you should
consider unplugging them as you can save over 30% on your next electricity bill. Another tip is to change the standard
light bulbs for energy-saving light bulbs – the name of the product says it all.
You will also notice that savings have a lot to do with changing ordinary habits. For instance, walking or cycling can be a
healthy alternative to driving short distances. When you go to the supermarket, you should make sure that you have a list
of items you need to buy today rather than purchase promotional products in the hope that you will be saving money. This
is only true if you do need the item in the first place. If not, it will just be another item lying in the cupboard for months.
There is also the cliché that people should never do the shopping at lunchtime as they will buy more when they are
hungry. This is also an extra tip – you should run out of groceries before you buy more. It is very common to buy food
when we have already got it in the fridge. As a result, the vegetables go off before we prepare them. In other words, it is
money thrown in the bin.
Finally, shopping should be an enjoyable experience rather than a regretful one. If every time you go shopping for new
clothes, you come home wondering if you have bought the right piece of clothing for the best price, then it is important
that you assess what you need beforehand. Do you really need that garment? Is it a good match for your wardrobe? If so,
have you browsed a couple of shops and compared quality and price? Are you happy with your decision? Now it is time
to go back to the shop and happily purchase it. You have thought carefully and should be proud of being a conscious
consumer.
Question 31
Choose the appropriate letter A-D.
31. What do you learn about the product consumption in the first paragraph? A The
products have better quality than their competitors.
B People are suffocated with the amount of choices. C
Those products reflect people’s needs.
D People rarely spend money on superfluous goods.
Questions 32-34
Complete the table below.
Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer.
Household Savings
Reduce the amount of 32. ……. you have subscribed to.
More than a third of 33. ……. is saved when you disconnect electrical appliances. Walking or
cycling is a good alternative to driving.
Avoid buying 34. ……. unless you need them
Questions 35-40
Look at the text on page 9 and at the statements (35-40) below. Choose
TRUE if the statement is true
FALSE if the statement is false
NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage
35. Owing to the economic crisis, people started to haggle.
36. People are unaccustomed to having a good lifestyle.
37. You should have a smaller amount of utility bills lying on your desk.
38. People have physically thrown money in the bin.
39. Most shoppers tend to have a regretful experience.
40. Conscious consumers do a thorough evaluation before purchasing a garment.
IELTS GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST 19
Answer Key
PART 1
Apprenticeship
1. A
2. B/E/F (any order)
3. B/E/F (any order)
4. B/E/F (any order)
5. T
6. F
7. T
8. NG
9. T
10. C
Amazing City Breaks
11. G
12. C
13. E
14. B
15. G
16. E
17. A
18. F
PART 2
Time Management
19. ii
20. vii
21. v
22. iv
23. ix
24. viii
25. i
26. Task assessment
27. 30 minute chunks
28. maximise time management
29. constantly updated
30. efficient accomplishment
PART 3
Saving Up
31. B
32. (satellite) TV channels
33. (your) electrical bill / utility bill
34. promotional products
35. T
36. F
37. NG
38. F
39. NG
40. T
GENERAL IELTS READING PRACTICE TEST 2
PART 1
Questions 1-2
Choose the appropriate letter A-D
1. What do you learn about the brochure in the first and second paragraphs?
A the amount of holidays destinations the agency has got
B a special holiday package for ‘The New Seven Wonders’
C the reason for the popularity of those tourist attractions
D a brief description on the project ‘The New Seven Wonders’
2. From the list below, choose the most suitable title for the reading passage:
A Explore historical heritage built by mankind.
B Visit monuments of cultural and artistic value.
C Follow the paths of archaeological sites in five continents.
D Have a break and enjoy the architectural beauty of old civilisations.
Questions 3-9
From the list of headings below, choose the most suitable heading for each paragraph A-G.
List of headings
i Architectural majesty
ii Engineering expertise
iii Triumphant salutation and battle
iv Archaeological site
v Outstanding geometric building
vi A terrific sports court
vii The remains of a great civilisation
viii Gigantic safety
ix Impressive art in the Western world
x A monument to human compassion
The Brochure
In this brochure, you can find out some information on our most popular tourist destinations! The
following seven buildings now hold the title ‘The New Seven Wonders’.
The New Seven Wonders was a huge project launched in July 2007 and it consisted of selecting the
most extraordinary buildings erected during modern and contemporary times. The voting system
enabled people from all over the world to cast their vote. The result of the global election was
announced on 7 July 2007 and the winners – our holiday packages - were the following:
A. Petra, Jordan – This was the astonishing capital of the Nabataean empire ruled by King
Aretas (9B.C. to 40 A.D.). You will be impressed with the engineering work involved in the
constructions of water tunnels for the water and sewerage. Other places to visit are the Palace Tombs
of Petra and its 42-metre high Hellenistic façade, and a magnificent theatre in Greek-Roman style.
B. Taj Mahal, India – Shal Jahan, a Muslim Mogul emperor, had this huge mausoleum built in
honour of his wife. This building was made out of white marble and it represents a precious jewel to
the Muslims as well as the artistic value of Indian monuments.
C. Chichen Itza, Mexico – Located in Yucatan Peninsula, this Mayan city was the home for the
Mayan civilisation. It is an archaeological site which belongs to Pre-Columbian times. You will be
invited to see the great pyramid of Kukulkan and you will be amazed with the Hall of the Thousand
Pillars and the Temple of Chac Mool.
D. Christ Redeemer, Brazil – This is a 38-metre tall statue of Jesus Christ that opens his arms
to protect the country and is ready to offer a warm hug to its visitors. It was inaugurated on 12
October 1931 and it is placed on top of Corcovado Mountain, which is also known as the Sugar Loaf
Mountain. It is also a symbol of Brazilian friendliness.
E. Coliseum, Italy – At the centre of the Roman capital stands a huge amphitheatre, a place
used for celebrations during the Roman Legions. A range of sports would take place there, including
chariot races. Fights among gladiators would also be held there as well as fights between starving
animals and prisoners. This was the ‘bread and circus’ time, and it was precedent to the end of
Roman Empire.
F. The Great Wall of China – This was a fortress to protect China from the invasion of Mongol
tribes. In addition to that, it provided a connection among the fortifications so that there would be a
united defensive system in the country. This is undoubtedly the longest monument erected by male
hands.
G. Machu Pichu, Peru – This Incan city hidden between the Amazon jungle and Andes Plateau
have impressed many cultures, and people all over the world have looked for adventures in the forest
and climbed up the Andes mountains so as to be astounded by the ruins of the Incan Empire. It was
considered a lost city after the Spanish invasion of the Incan state but, in 1911, Hiram Bingham was
able to find it to the delight of our tourists!
Questions 10-17
Match the restaurant specialities to the statements 10-17.
NB Some of the restaurants may be chosen more than once.
10. Natural drinks are available here.
11. There is an option for eating a meal at home.
12. You can have alcoholic drinks at lunchtime.
13. You can have a get-together with lots of people.
14. This place will remind you of an amazing European city.
15. This restaurant is not open in the evenings.
16. You can eat in a delicious Oriental meal.
17. A lovely dessert is served in this restaurant.
A. French
B. British
C. Mexican
D. Chinese
E. Japanese
F. Brazilian
G. Italian
H. Caribbean
Eating out
Learning about other cultures can be a fascinating and juicy experience once you have tried out
international cuisines
A. La Maison Rouge
Fine French cuisine at dinner time! Taste our delicious caviar and savour every mouthful of our
splendid wide range of cheese and wine served in our exquisite buffet! A romantic atmosphere that
takes you back to Parisian lifestyle!
B. The Lord’s Inn
Shall we appreciate some British lifestyle? Here you are welcome to indulge yourself with the most
traditional English fish ‘n’ chips in town! If you come for a pint on Sunday lunchtime, then you will
not resist our wonderful British roast dinner which is accompanied by our unique Yorkshire pudding!
C. Caliente!
Feel like spicing up your meal times? Here we offer the best Mexican food available in town. Open 7
days a week, we offer chilly meals at lunchtime. Also, a shot of tequila and a plate of tacos are a
perfect combination for a hot evening!
D. China town
The perfect place for a Chinese takeaway – the fastest and most reliable choice for a meal at lunch or
dinner time! Authentic Chinese menu that range from spring rolls and prawn crackers as starters to
juicy sweet ’n’ sour chicken and special fried rice as main course! Irresistible!
E. Tokyo
How about having a relaxing meal in a restaurant that has just been furnished in the greatest Japanese
style? Our friendly staff is here to serve you and you can have stupendous Japanese food, including
our great selection of sushi and sashimi!
F. Sunny Rio
Come and make yourself comfortable in our restaurant and taste the best Brazilian barbecue of your
life! An impressive variety of over 20 kinds of grilled beef, chicken and fish served by our
experience staff! And our freshly-squeezed fruit juice will make you feel like you are having a
tropical time out!
G. La Donna
Traditional Italian pizza topped with melting mozzarella! Yes, our dough is a genuine Italian recipe
and our fillings are carefully chosen so as to give you the tastiest pizza you have ever had! A variety
of sauce and pasta is also available in this authentic Italian house! Family gatherings are welcome to
have a lively meal!
H. Paradise
Who told you there is not a place specialised in Caribbean vegetarian recipes? Yes, there is and we
are ready to offer you a splendid buffet with the most superb natural food you have ever tried! Open
on weekdays only, you can have a much healthier lunch option as you can select a range of fantastic
green salads and vegetarian hot dishes. Vegans are certainly welcome!
ESS – Environmental Social Sciences
Week 4
Seminar – A Debate on Social Divide
When you wander round the high street, you will be bombarded with the merchandising of several
window shops which are ready to fulfil your dreams – whether you want to become a famous
goalkeeper or a top model for a design label, the consumer industry promptly offers you a range of
choices which promises to suit all tastes. And this is the pure reality of the youth in recent times.
In postmodern society, we surrender to this spectacle, which lures careless teenagers to have success
and happiness by the means of their possessions, while we, their parents, should certainly be able to
afford that. However, on the other side of the world, we see millions of youngsters in a survival
struggle.
Nowadays, the social stratification has divided the young people even further – either they have or
have not. Have a quick look at your teenagers’ behaviour: how often do they ask you to provide them
with the latest Playstation game? How often are they in need for brand new clothes? Have they ever
complained about wearing the pair of jeans you bought them the previous month? Do they expect you
to purchase a new mobile phone every four months? If you answered ‘yes’ to any of these questions,
you are welcome to the ‘world of an easy life’ for a minority. These teenagers do not have to struggle
for or, at least, reflect on their own earnings versus expenditure. There is no barrier between them
and the consumer culture. Their psychological behaviour is at the mercy of their parents’ purchase
power, hence their delayed maturity and spoiled personality.
On the other hand, there are millions of teenagers who wake up at 4 am so as to start their working
day on collecting cardboard boxes, cans and rubbish for recycling companies. Alternatively, they
might work on farms or hazardous coal mines. Their luxury goods are food, water and housing. Their
income and their lives, as well as their parents’ and younger brothers’, heavily rely on such jobs. This
is the other side of the coin – the hard work developed by the majority, and the ones who are
obstinate to possess ostensive goods will acquire them through theft or other illegal means.
An obvious solution is that the basic needs are to be supplied either by the state or through a more
sensible family income (which, again, can be provided by a more reasonable economic and political
strategy of social equality). Therefore, they will be able to grow up in a supportive environment and,
any further needs (e.g. expensive products or holidays) are to be conditioned to their own effort and
personal growth. No wonder why Manic Street Preachers, a British independent label band,
mentioned the following statement on their lyrics ‘if you tolerate this, then your children will be next’.
This is certainly an invitation for an insightful reflection on social divide.
Questions 18-25.
Look at a group presentation on the previous page and at the statements (18-25) below.
TRUE if the statement is true
FALSE if the statement is false
NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage
18. Merchandising aims at consumer desire.
19. Footballers and top models are great consumers.
20. Careful teenagers are not tempted to own a range of new products.
21. Young people are not at the mercy of social stratification.
22. Questions are made so as to detect adolescent consumerism.
23. These teenagers tend to become immature people in their adulthood.
24. Millions of youngsters are the only income of their houses.
25. The acquisition of certain products should depend on the adolescent’s hard work and maturity.
Questions 26-30
Complete the table below. Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each
answer.
Minority of Adolescents
Demand the newest technological devices, e.g. 26. …………….
Unconscious of their own 27. …………………,
they have 28. ……………. and a spoilt personality
Majority of Adolescents
Work on the collection of materials for recycling companies, farms and 29. ………………….….
Can only afford expensive goods through 30. …………………….
Questions 31-32
Using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS, complete the following statement.
The state is to be responsible for a provision of an economic strategy so as to contribute to a better
31. ………………..….
As a consequence, a fair political and economic strategy will enable 32. ………………………..….
PART 3
Questions 33-36
Look at the reading passage on page 11.
Complete the flow chart below using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
33. The first place we set off is the ‘royal mining’ in Diamantina and we are able to learn about the
……………………… there.
34. Then, we follow a ……………………….. that was built by the slaves.
35. Later on, we are leave the railway station and visit the ………………….. during the colonial
time.
36. Finally, we reach a wealthy city and we are fascinating by the ……………………. in the façade
of historical buildings.
Questions 37-39
Choose THREE letters A-G
Which THREE of the following does the writer highlight when describing the places and historical
buildings s/he visited?
A a trap hidden in a governmental building.
B a punitive place for the slaves.
C the remains of a martyr’s body.
D a symbolic ‘alliance’ between the coloniser and its colony.
E a monument in honour of a hero.
F natural landscapes round the ‘royal way’.
G statues completely made out of gold.
Question 40
Choose the appropriate letter A-D
40. In the end of the narrative, the writer:
A suggests that people should find out the gold hidden there
B points out an alternative to enrich poor individuals
C outlines the steps for a more stable finance
D states that old treasure can be the wealth of people today
Amazing & Exotic Expeditions - Chapter 7 - The Royal Way
Here we are. This is the beginning of a 1,600km journey throughout the mountains of Minas Gerais in
Brazil. The mission? Get in a van and learn about the intrinsic history of diamonds, gold and precious
stones and their mines dug out during the 17th and 18th centuries. You would expect us to reveal the
secrets of the rainforests or the beauty of the Brazilian beaches and sand dunes, but what you are
about to find out is a distinct and far-fetched way of having a tropical holiday.
We start in Diamantina, located in the north of the state of Minas Gerais. The city is named after
‘diamantes’ or diamonds, and its historical centres reflect its wealth. The first place we head for is
known as the ‘royal mining’ since miners who worked on the extraction of diamonds and gold were
expected to take the amount found to be weighted in the building where is now the city hall. Once
weighted, a percentage of the minerals were separated for the Portuguese crown and they would be
given the remaining stones. However, many of them never came back alive after stepping on the
mayor’s room. The reason for that is a dungeon full of sharp-pointed wooden sticks, which had been
built, covered and rested under the chair where the miner would sit. While he was waiting for his
‘fortune’ to be evaluated, the mayor would open the door located under the miner’s seat, and he
would face death. His family would then be told that he had run away to Portugal with the precious
stones.
We now move to the ‘slaves’ pathway’ – a long way of rocks built in the middle of the forest by the
slaves. This pathway is part of the ‘royal way’, i.e. over 1,600km of a rocky pathway so as to drain
the wealth from the colony to the metropole, from the colonised to the coloniser. We stop by the
waterfalls and have a swim before moving on.
As we follow the ‘royal way’ (the landmarks stuck on the ground every 500m is our GPS in this
expedition), we reach the city of Tiradentes. This is the nickname of a Brazilian martyr who had
attempted to break up the ‘alliance’ with the coloniser. The rebellion plan was denounced to the
Portuguese authorities and Tiradentes was arrested and condemned to death sentence. He was hung,
drawn and quartered, and the parts of his body were placed on lampposts in each city along the ‘royal
way’.
A trip by train through the mountains leads us to Mariana – the governmental centre of the time. As
soon as we face the city hall, we can see the symbol of justice erected in the square – on the left side
there is the scale, on the right, the sword; now, between both of them at the height of a human being,
there is a pair of curfews, where slaves would be punished for bad behaviour.
It is now time to set off to the most exuberant city in the ‘royal way’ – the magnificent Ouro Preto.
Originally known as ‘Vila Rica’ (rich village), this city carries the splendid result of extractions of
gold in the 18th century. At the time when around 500g of gold were dug out everyday, this city
became incredibly rich and ostensible. The complexity of exaggerating details typical of the Baroque
architecture is present in every single façade of its historical buildings. Fine paintings and statues
glitter gold so as to demonstrate the wealthy era. Whenever we reach one of the mountains which
surround Ouro Preto, we can see several holes which are about 1.55m high as they were dug out by
slaves who had to work on such gold mines.
There was not much to do with the wealth owned – either men left a great portion to the Portuguese
crown or ran away through the woods - out of the ‘royal way’ meant that they were to be caught by
thieves hidden in the forest. Therefore, a lot of rich men hid their gold inside the walls in their house
or antique furniture. Nowadays, you may hear the story of a newly rich man who has just found a
piece of treasure by chance.
IELTS GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST 2
Answer Key
PART 1
Text 1
1. D
2. A
3. ii
4. i
5. v
6. x
7. iii
8. viii
9. vii
Eating out
10. F
11. D
12. B
13. G
14. A
15. H
16. E
17. B
PART 2
Seminar – A debate on social divide
18. T
19. NG
20. NG
21. F
22. T
23. NG
24. NG
25. T
26. Playstation games / mobile phones
27. earnings versus expenditure
28. delayed maturity
29. (hazardous) coal mines
30. theft / illegal means
31. family income
32. social equality
PART 3
Amazing & Exotic Expeditions
33. extractions of diamonds
34. rocky pathway
35. governmental centre
36. Baroque architecture
37. A/B/F (any order)
38. A/B/F (any order)
39. A/B/F (any order)
40. D
GENERAL IELTS READING PRACTICE TEST 5
PART 1 - Questions 1-7.
Look at the reading passage on page 3 and at the statements (1-7) below and answer
TRUE if the statement is true
FALSE if the statement is false
NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage
1. The writer recommends wearing red clothes for a romantic dinner.
2. A range of orange labels have been used to stimulate the consumers’ appetite.
3. In heraldry, yellow had a more positive connotation.
4. Every manager in an eco-friendly company should wear green clothing.
5. Experts in business tend to wear the colour dark blue in the whole world.
6. Opacity and the lack of light result in the colour white.
7. The black colour is a symbol of the absence of light.
Questions 8-14
From the list of headings below, choose the most suitable heading for each paragraph A-G.
List of headings
i The beauty of the colour
ii Natural fruitfulness
iii Cleanliness versus darkness
iv Paradoxical feelings
v Concord and harmony
vi A brand new style
vii Traces of creativity
viii Unimaginable sophistication
ix Profound thoughts
x Expressions of vivacity
8. Paragraph A
9. Paragraph B
10. Paragraph C
11. Paragraph D
12. Paragraph E
13. Paragraph F
14. Paragraph G
Colour Symbolism
The meaning of colours is a symbolic representation of the images one conveys to others with
regard to human psychology.
A. Red is the colour of passion, love, desire and its brightness aims to persuade others to feel
passionate about life. It is exciting, intriguing and encourages others to passionately pursue their
dreams. It is definitely a marvellous option for clothing as one thrives on a first date. However, it can
also instigate anger, rage, aggressiveness as red also conveys images of blood and it can be a
dangerous choice for a suit when one is about to survive a job interview.
B. Orange represents feelings of vitality, enthusiasm, fortitude – it is a vibrant and vivid colour which
brightens up life as it resembles the warmth of the sunny days. It is also a contrast to the fiery and
explosive red and it conveys a more thoughtful image of oneself. When health is taken into account, it
is said that orange stimulates appetite as it is associated with harvest and healthy food. As a result, it
is largely used in product labels.
C. Yellow is perceived to be the colour of joy, happiness and it carries the image of intellectual
clarity and decision-making. Many schools have already painted the classroom walls yellow so as to
stimulate imagination and intellectual wisdom. However, as a cultural symbol, yellow has shifted
from the colour of honour and loyalty to the representation of cowardice and it can have a negative
effect on school children.
D. Green is the colour of natural landscapes and reminds us of its growth and fertility. Therefore,
green connotes feelings of hope for a better world. It also represents endurance as it is associated
with an exuberant flora that lasts throughout the centuries. This is a colour for aspiring managers and
investors as it conveys a harmonious, balanced image which is compatible with eco-friendly, green
companies. In addition to that, the use of dark green represents money. Its excess, on the other hand,
resembles envy and greed.
E. Blue is the colour of calmness, faith, heaven. It is linked to a spiritual life which tends to
tranquilise the mind and the body. Blue is also a male colour as it has been largely chosen by men and
dark blue is the standard colour for corporate and business enterprises in the Western world as it
connotes stability and expertise. Thus, it is a perfect colour for a job interview. However, this colour
is said to be inappropriate to cookery as its coolness inhibits people’s appetite.
F. White is the colour of peace, purity, innocence and they are related to angelic personalities.
Therefore, white is seen as the colour of purification. It is important to note that white is not a colour
itself but the combination of colours and the wavelengths of light. In advertisements, this colour
represents simplicity and it is considered to be very useful for technological goods which are simple
and easy to be assembled.
G. Black is the colour of mystery. As black occurs due to the absence of light, it brings connotations
to death, sorrow and unknown experiences. On the other hand, black is the colour of formality and
elegance (e.g. black tie, London black cabs) and is widely used as the representation of prestige.
Questions 15-22
Match the DIY magazines to the statements 15-22.
NB Some of the magazines may be chosen more than once.
15. You can select the finest adornments to every room in your house.
16. You can run your workstation very smoothly.
17. You can learn about woodwork.
18. A range of meals are available here.
19. There are two options for embellishing fabrics.
20. This magazine provides you with the steps to fix a motor.
21. A special growing guide is included in this magazine.
22. Artefacts, ornaments and designs are beautifully displayed here.
Just DIY!
A selection of Do-It-Yourself magazines that will inspire you on your next home improvements.
A. Home Décor
The most harmonious and precise details of a stunning lounge or a cosy bedroom are beautifully
displayed in this fantastic magazine! As you flick through the pages of this inspiring magazine you
will be able to visualise the interior designs that can brighten up every single room in your house!
Professional interior decorators may ask you for some advice when they visit your home!
B. Authentic Furniture
If you are tired of simply buying flat pack and ready to assemble furniture, then you can take a look at
these original ideas on how to innovate your pieces of furniture! This magazine offers you the
opportunity to have your hands on carpentry and learn how to build modern and amazing wooden
furniture!
C. Embroidery & Knitting
Have you got skilful hands? Are you looking for a challenge? Then you are invited to follow our
lessons on embroidering kitchen tea towels, hand towels, rugs, cushions so that they can have a
unique style! You can also learn how to knit with beads and use a variety of knitting patterns and
fabrics so as to make lovely pieces of clothing! A perfect gift to you and your loved ones!
D. Speed Up!
Open these pages and be ready to look into your car engine! Clear instructions on problems and
practical solutions are displayed here as well as the use of the best tools for repairing your engine!
You will become a personal mechanic and your car will surely become very familiar to you. Your car
will never let you down once you become a voracious reader!
E. Chef Tips
If you feel like having the tastiest cuisines straight into your home, then this magazine will guide you
through the most delicious homemade recipes! Once you select one of our suggestions, you can buy
the ingredients in the local supermarket and follow our steps – the praise from your guests at
dinnertime will confirm the talented chef in you!
F. IT Now
Why do you wait for days until an IT technician come to your home when your computer does not
work? As you read this magazine, you will be able to fix any minor problem your hard drive may
have! Simply follow our screenshots and learn how to improve your desktop computer’s memory and
its performance! Software installations are also a piece of cake if you check out our step-by-step
articles!
G. Splash Out!
Do you feel delighted when you are in a bright orange living room? Or are you in contact with nature
when you go to a greenish bedroom? This magazine can lead you into the experience of painting walls
with the best colours available in the market! Take a look at our vivid colourful paintings and turn
your house into the most creative place you can be in! The greatest techniques are also provided by
our experts in painting!
H. Lovely Gardening
This magazine provides you with the finest ornamental plants, flowers, as well as articles on
horticulture and composting! The use of gardening tools is also taught so as to embellish your house!
You can be certain that your garden will flourish and blossom into a beauty at the next springtime!
PART 2
Questions 23-27
The reading passage provides a number of engineering drawings. Match each statement
(Questions 23-27) with one of the drawings (A-E). NB. You may use any of the designs A-E more
than once.
23. A view from the top enables you to see the entire aircraft.
24. You can see all the bolts and screws that joint the components together.
25. A cutaway of the wall is seen in this drawing.
26. It is possible to visualise all the decks from the front.
27. An engine is comprised of a series of components and they can be seen here.
A. plan
B. elevation
C. exploded view
D. cross-section
E. schematic diagram
Questions 28-30
Look at the reading passage on the next page.
Complete the flow chart below using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
28. At first, a sketch is designed and it is like a rough idea of the device. Then, the
……………………… outlines the purpose of it.
29. Comments on the ……………………….. are important as the colleagues have to approve it.
30. Once the workforce have their hands on it, it becomes a ………………….. as it is used on site.
Questions 31-32
Using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS, answer the following questions.
31. Which document contains a short description of the device?
32. Which document can replace a working drawing?
Faculty of Engineering
Lecture Notes
Week 7 – Engineering Design
In today’s session we shall look into a range of drawings which you will have to handle as engineers
in construction sites or industries.
The types of drawings available for our study are the following:
·1 A plan enables you to have a panorama outlook. In other words, you can view the whole
floor of a building from above, for example.
·2 An elevation considers the drawing of all the rooms and you can see each of them from the
front. The exterior site can also be designed and you will be able to see its façade.
·3 An exploded view allows you to visualise how the components of a car engine are
assembled or how the parts of the building are placed. It is a sort of deconstructed view of the engine
or the building.
·4 A cross-section drawing provides you with a view of a specific area, especially when you
need to have an idea of the joints that link two panels of a machine, for example, or a section of the
building, for instance, a cross-section view of the masonry wall.
·5 A schematic diagram enables you to visualise a simplified scheme of a network of air ducts
in a ship or an aircraft. It is also used in the foundation of piles as you can see this commercial
building project.
If words are taken into account, you can use:
·1 A specification if you would like to provide the client with a brief description of the
equipment or building based on a drawing that is related to the device or the construction site you are
working on.
·2 A note if you are to state the technical descriptions of the building, for example. Make sure
that all the details are written down and included in your note.
In terms of drawings, the first one is known as a sketch. It is obviously a first draft and it will
certainly need further amendments, which will then be issued to the Civil, Mechanical and Electrical
teams.
In addition to the sketch, a design brief is to be worked on and you are to define your aims and
specify your objectives in it.
The next stage is the preliminary drawing and observations from your colleagues will be crucial to its
development. They should also accept and approve it.
This approved drawing is now a working drawing and it is useful for both manufacturing and
installing the device. Once a problem occurs, the working drawing will no longer be valid as it has to
be revised. As a consequence, the following procedure is to issue an amended version that will
supersede the previous working drawing.
PART 3
Questions 33-34. Choose the appropriate letter A-D
33. What do you learn about the cruise ship in the first and second paragraphs?
A the reason for its name and the message it conveyed
B the secrets behind its manufacturing
C the royal guests and people of aristocratic background who were there
D the name of the engineers who were responsible for building it
34. From the list below, choose the most suitable feeling the writer had at the moment of the
departure. He was
A Astounded with the sound of the smokestack and the fireworks.
B Emotionally devastated as people waved goodbye.
C Flabbergasted with the unbearable sound from the funnel.
D Impressed by the fireworks and touched by the people who waved their hands.
Questions 35-37
Choose THREE letters A-G. Which THREE of the following does the writer highlight when
describing the cruise ship?
A golden ornaments in every deck.
B silver decorations on the table.
C impressive Irish beds in each cabin.
D uncooperative staff members.
E sheets and pillow cases made out of linen from Ireland.
F imported crystal glasses and wine glasses.
G silver spoons, knives and forks in the restaurant.
Questions 38-40
Look at the reading passage on the next page and at the statements (38-40) below and write
TRUE if the statement is true
FALSE if the statement is false
NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage
38. Guests could order a range of international dishes as their main course.
39. An unexpected problem took place in the restaurant kitchen.
40. A birthday surprise had been pre-arranged for the writer.
Chapter 12 – A Sumptuous Feast
It finally arrived. And there it was – wonderfully floating in water. The sheer majesty of it
enlightened everyone. The soon-to-be guests onboard were delighted – it was beyond all
expectations!
The cruise ship was called Hidden Treasure and it certainly held the secrets of the seven seas. It was
named after the island where it had been designed and built – and no guest would dare to find the key
to its successful engineering and manufacturing!
It was splendid. Every single deck would glitter the gold which had been used to adorn and decorate
it. It was magnificent. From the luxurious silver cutlery and exquisite wine glasses in the restaurants
to the finest Irish bed-linen in each cabin. And definitely it was the most wonderful place for making
your dreams come true!
Travelling along the coast of a tropical country in a great style was a unique experience. The service
onboard was impeccable – the promptness and helpfulness of a member of staff was to be available
24 hours a day! And there I was – breathing the fresh air and feeling a gentle sea breeze touching my
face on the Sunshine deck. It was the 12th deck and anyone would be astonished with the sound of the
smokestack or the funnel that announced our departure from the port. The sky-splitting fireworks
display and the emotional people waving their hands were to become the most vivid memory I would
keep in my mind.
As we set off and started navigating into the mysterious ocean, I felt really grateful for the stunning
sunset that accompanied our cruise ship.
Moments later, the moon welcomed us and invited us to have a marvellous night. I went to my cabin
and, after a long hot shower I dressed up for a glamorous evening. As I and my friends arrived at the
entrance of a spectacular restaurant, the waiter politely guided us to our table, previously ordered and
arranged for us. And we were offered the finest service we could ever dream of! A range of
sophisticated dishes that had been carefully selected from the best international cuisine could be read
from the menu – from Greek salad and Japanese sushi and sashimi to French caviar, British roast
dinner, Italian baked bread and pasta with Bolognese sauce, Spanish paella, Indian curry and
Brazilian barbecue. A mouth-watering smell of the main course would certainly be a very pleasant
sensation! We really indulged ourselves and tasted the most exotic flavours of meat, vegetables,
spices and herbs in our lives!
Then the dessert was surely to come. We waited, and patiently waited for a long time. What seemed
to be the matter? Something must have gone wrong. We looked round. No, this was the holiday of our
dreams, nothing could go wrong. Wrongness and errors were not allowed here. But what was it, then?
Had the chef’s watch stopped? Had the oven exploded? Had the ship hit an iceberg? An iceberg by
the shores of a tropical country?
I calmed down. A minute later and the mystery would be solved. The lights and the chandelier at the
heart of the restaurant had suddenly gone out. And a queue of twenty waiters walked out of the kitchen
– each of them was holding a lit candle on an ornate candlestick. Our eyes followed them as you
would look at fireflies dancing in the middle of the dark woods. They walked towards us, and they
stopped in a half-circle round our table. We were dazzled. One of them gently served a birthday cake
with my name in it. A crowd of people united into a single chorus and sang an international happy
birthday song, which started in the English language and ended up in other twenty or so languages. It
was the biggest surprise party I had ever had in my entire life!
IELTS GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST 5
Answer Key
PART 1
Colour Symbolism
1. T
2. T
3. T
4. NG
5. NG
6. F
7. NG
8. iv
9. x
10. vii
11. ii
12. ix
13. v
14. viii
Just DIY!
15. A
16. F
17. B
18. E
19. C
20. D
21. H
22. A
PART 2
Engineering Design
23. A
24. C
25. D
26. B
27. C
28. design brief
29. preliminary drawing
30. working drawing
31. a specification
32. an amended version
PART 3
A Sumptuous Feast
33. A
34. D
35. A/E/G (any order)
36. A/E/G (any order)
37. A/E/G (any order)
38. NG
39. F
40. T
GENERAL IELTS READING PRACTICE TEST 3
PART 1
Questions 1-8.
Look at a letter of complaint on page 3 and at the statements (1-8) below.
TRUE if the statement is true
FALSE if the statement is false
NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage
1. The incident took place in the airport.
2. The suite the writer had booked was a luxurious one.
3. The writer was not informed about the cancellation in advance.
4. The writer had cancelled his holiday package.
5. His flight ticket was checked by a member of the staff.
6. The request was dealt in 20 minutes.
7. A manager was available on the front desk.
8. The writer was aware of the eligibility rules for a refund.
Questions 9
Choose the appropriate letter A-D
9. What do you learn about the writer’s holiday package?
A the writer felt the rules had not been clarified by the staff
B the member of the staff could not verify the rules of the contract
C a last-minute cancellation enabled the writer to get a refund
D the writer relied on the staff to read aloud the contract
Questions 10-12
Choose THREE letters A-G
Which THREE of the following does the writer highlight when describing the employee who dealt
with his enquiry?
A ignorance of the rules of the contract.
B rudeness towards the client.
C clumsiness when dealing with the documents.
D a low standard of customer services.
E a sense of aggressiveness.
F awkward responses to the client’s questions.
G uncooperativeness with regard to the client’s query.
Perfect Holidays
20, Kings Lane, London SW1 4LG
27th July 2010
Dear Sir / Madam,
I am writing to you in order to complain about the behaviour of a member of your staff who was in
charge of dealing with my request.
I had recently paid for one of your holiday packages. The package consisted of a return flight to
Tenerife and a five-day stay in a suite sea view and full continental breakfast at a luxurious resort
called ‘Breathtaking Sunshine Resort’. Not only was it cancelled the last minute without any prior
notice, but your staff managed to create an even worse situation in London Heathrow Airport.
Due to the fact that I was not the one who had cancelled the holiday package stated above, I requested
one of your check-in clerks to certify whether I was eligible for a refund. He glanced at my flight
ticket and asked me for my documents. As soon as I handed them, he merely walked away without
providing me with any kind of information whatsoever, and I did not know whether he was going to
verify it or not.
Patiently I waited at the front desk and, after 20 minutes, I felt obliged to ask someone else about such
employee. He returned and rudely told me the time for retrieving any sort of refund had just expired. I
asked him when this expiry date was (is there such a rule in any holiday package contracts in the
world?), but he refused to give me any further information.
Had I known your staff was so impolite and unhelpful, I would surely have asked to be referred to the
manager in your head office.
I feel I have not been well-informed about my current situation yet. Am I eligible for a refund? If so,
what actions will the company ‘Perfect Holidays’ take in favour of its clients? If not, what are the
reasons for its refusal? What about your staff – are they going to neglect your clients or will you take
any action against such poor customer services?
I truly hope you will take adequate action, otherwise I feel this letter will have to be published in the
local newspaper.
I look forward to hearing from you.
Yours faithfully,
Questions 13-20
Match the sport and its respective venues to the statements 13-20.
NB Some of the sports may be chosen more than once.
13. You should be keen on sand when you come here.
14. You can have a prospective future if you train in this place.
15. You cannot hire your equipment there.
16. You have to attend lessons before exercising.
17. A range of movement classes are available here.
18. Mental training is as important as working on the physical one.
19. You can choose a water sport or a sport played on land.
20. You can enjoy a variety of rhythms in this place.
Sport Venues for Athletes
It is time you avoided being a vocal activist from your couch and became an active participant in
the field! Here is a range of sport activities that suits all tastes.
A. Star Fitness
Here you are a sports celebrity! Join our gym and take the opportunity to work out, and have your
personalised program on weight training and body building! Alternatively, you may bump into our
jump, aerobics or step classes in the evenings! You will certainly be a star at the end of the day!
B. World Cup Football School
Are you the best goalkeeper or midfield player among your mates? Then, you are welcome to take up
a great training with the most experienced coaches in town! Yes, you can become a professional
football striker and have an amazing career in football! Open Monday to Saturday, from 8am to 6pm.
Extra practice is offered in the local stadium twice a month.
C. Seven Swans Dancing School
If you love contemplating Russian ballet dancers, you will be delighted to be become one of our
stunning ballerinas! We have groups from 3 to 15 year-olds. In addition to that, we offer amazing
ballroom dance for adults as well as Latin dance (including salsa, samba and tango) for lively
couples who love dancing the night away!
D. Radical Sports Centre
This is a daring place for brave people! Experience the adrenaline of rock-climbing, hang-gliding,
paragliding and parachuting in one venue! We provide you with the adequate equipment as well as
introductory lessons so you can enjoy your choice of radical sport in your first day! Further training is
offered to those who want to venture themselves into newer experiences!
E. Beach Fun Sports Centre
Located at the most popular Australian beach, this is the right venue for those who seek a great time at
the beach! Our friendly instructors are here to guide you through a range of sports – beach volleyball,
beach touch, ironman, beach cricket, surfing and lifesaving surf! You will be much healthier and
happier after being here!
F. Oriental Sport Centre
Welcome to the world of discipline and healthy mind from the Japanese masters! Come and learn
about judo, karate, jujutsu and taekwondo on the weekdays! You can also go for our range of
weaponry sports – fencing and kendo at the weekends! Although we do not rent the equipment
ourselves, we have a good discount voucher for the best shops specialised in clothing and
appropriate equipment!
G. Snow Queen Resort
Are you passionate about snow? Here you can enjoy the cold weather in great style! Visit our winter
resort in the Swiss Alps and learn how to go skiing and snowboarding down the most fascinating
mountain scenery you have ever stepped on! Equipment can be hired at reasonable prices.
H. London Tennis Club
Are you up to a tennis match? If so, then you can join in our great club and be astounded with our
tennis courts! We offer a wonderful place for tennis, squash and table tennis. Whether you would like
to book it for fun or professional practice, you can be certain to find an amazing atmosphere ready for
you!
PART 2
Questions 21-27
From the list of headings below, choose the most suitable heading for each paragraph A-G.
List of headings
i Considering the most appropriate garments
ii Presenting your documentation
iii Choosing the most adequate equipment
iv Focusing on the best background scenery
v Drawing a sequence of scenes
vi Analysing the act-out
vii Addressing the public
viii Facing the actual filming
ix Selecting the best shooting technique
x Processing and developing your film
21. Paragraph A
22. Paragraph B
23. Paragraph C
24. Paragraph D
25. Paragraph E
26. Paragraph F
27. Paragraph G
Principles of Video Production
Week 2 – Lecture
Filmmaking
Have you ever dreamt of pursuing a career in the film industry? Can you see yourself being acclaimed
the best producer or film director in an Oscar ceremony? If so, here are the steps for achieving this
goal and making your first professional video:
A. Firstly, you have to draw the outline of your film. What is the aim of your video production? How
will the movie enable you to fulfil such objectives? If a framework of your narrative cannot provide
you with the answer to those questions, then the entire production will be in vain. Moreover, an
analysis of the theory behind your narrative, i.e. known as theoretical statement, will underpin and
back up your video production.
B. The second question to be considered is related to your viewers. Who is your target audience?
What is their age, gender, ethical range? A description of such relevant features is of vital importance
before even sketching the storyline. If a video is to be aimed at children, for the example, then,
aggressive scenes will have to be evaluated with regard to the laws that rule censorship nationally
and internationally.
C. Once the outline and theoretical statement are completed, it is time to focus on the treatment of
your video. Here you should reflect on the genre of your film. Upon this decision, you are able to
develop the storyline. A sketch of the storyboard should be drawn and a brief description of the
location, the scene, the sound and the angle shots are to be included.
D. The analysis of technical issues is of great value to the expansion of the treatment. Therefore, a
provision of camera angles and shots will enable us to visualise the photography developed during
the film. A closer-shot, for instance, will capture the most dramatic or romantic expressions
represented by the actor. On the other hand, a long shot would be an invitation to either overview the
panorama or immerse oneself into the historical moment.
E. Lighting and sound are also tricky features and they are crucial to a successful story. Whether you
work on avant-garde or film noir, there should be careful attention to the usage of natural light and the
choice of artificial lights too. The same applies to sound as your movie can be benefited (or not) from
the echo that occurs in certain natural landscapes or the background noise in busy high streets.
F. The selection of adequate costume and make-up is also to be observed. The fact that actors and
actress (as well as stunts, if there are any) wear fashionable or designer-label clothes is not always
relevant, but the obedience to norms and morale of a particular historical time is. Consequently, you
should consider a study on the most suitable fashion for your storyline.
G. Your video should now be in the process of shooting scenes. Since each scene is to be shot at least
five times, you are able to select the best ones in the editing suite. Furthermore, you will apply your
knowledge on editing in this stage.
Questions 28-32
Look at the reading passage on the previous page.
Complete the flow chart below using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Once the aim of your project has been written, it is time to focus on the 28.………………………, i.e.
your viewers.
As well as the outline, there should be an analysis of the theory which lies behind the story. This is
referred to as 29.…………………………
The next step is to plan the 30.………………….. and to consider the technical issues, which will be
available on the 31.………………….. of the film.
The choice of lighting, sound and shooting scenes should then take place as well as the later
alterations made in the 32.……………………. .
PART 3
A new craftsmanship straight from ESU to you!
Welcome to ESU – Expanding Horizons & Crossing Cultures!
We have just set up a new project aimed at our members within this organisation. We have launched it
in the premises of this institution of higher education and it is run by the undergraduate students who
are part of ESU. We noticed that you, our members, are in a need for a place which will provide you
with the opportunity to undertake activities and share common interests. These activities will give
you a chance to get to know new members, socialise, have a get-together and explore the use of
English language as well as communicate them with people from the four corners of the world!
How it works:
First of all, ESU offers a room which was designated by our university. The event is run by selected
students (i.e. chosen through a democratic election) and they are responsible for the management and
interaction with the other members within our organisation.
In the beginning of this autumn term, new students will be invited to join ESU. Please come along and
join us in our warm welcome next Friday while the new members will be given their membership
card. Once our cocktail party is over, you and the new members will be able to take part in our first
of a series of weekly events: debates on articles that have been published by British broadsheets,
documentaries broadcasted in international TV channels, films with English subtitles, artistic days
(when you can write poetry, act out or play musical instruments), cultural celebrations on national
holidays, and communication via digital media (i.e. video conferences, chat rooms, etc). Initially,
these events will take place on a weekly basis but, in the near future, they may be also held on a daily
basis.
Why it is for you:
This space will be our members’ educational, artistic and cultural venue as it aims to address both
everyday use of the English language and popular culture. It will entertain our members and invite you
to develop your communicative skills with other communities. In addition to that, it will give you a
sense of belonging to a much broader community than your own.
In fact, undergraduate students who have an awareness of the English language in a contemporary
context will be very helpful to this community. As you are capable of expressing yourself clearly,
your ideas can improve our lives. On the other hand, if you are not motivated to speak up, then you
will discover a new world round you, which can enhance your own, and you will meet new friends,
who are keen to listen to you.
You will be challenged!
And if you feel like being a candidate to be an event organiser, you will also find out that sharing
responsibilities with the other members will give you the power to encourage a greater integration
among all undergraduates.
Yes! ESU – Expanding Horizons & Crossing Cultures is for you!
Be part of the best example of students’ integration in our university!
A wholeheartedly group of friends is here waiting for you!
Further information is available in the address and phone number below:
ESU – English Students’ Union
Silver Building, room 27
Tel: 020 7586 4522, extension 424
Questions 33-36.
Look at an information sheet on the previous page and at the statements (33-36) below.
TRUE if the statement is true
FALSE if the statement is false
NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage
33. There is a range of international students who are members of ESU.
34. The administration of ESU is under its university regulations.
35. Everyone is expected to get a new membership card in the cocktail party.
36. You can participate in all the events which are held once a week.
Questions 37-38
Using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS, answer the following questions.
37. What type of competence are the members going to develop?
38. What does the acronym ESU stand for?
Question 39
Choose the appropriate letter A-D
39. From the list below, choose the most suitable ability a member could develop according to the
reading passage:
A clear expression of ideas that can improve the university
B better understanding of other people from a different perspective
C motivation to encourage others to become his new friends
D co-responsibility for a better integration among the students
Question 40
Choose the appropriate letter A-D
40. The provision of further information is offered to:
A members who are elected to be the event organisers
B anyone who has got queries and would like to contact ESU
C undergraduates who can reach the organisation’s extension number
D people who have doubts regarding the university regulations
IELTS GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST 3
Answer Key
PART 1
Text 1
1. T
2. NG
3. T
4. F
5. T
6. F
7. NG
8. F
9. A
10. B/D/G (any order)
11. B/D/G (any order)
12. B/D/G (any order)
Sports Venues for Athletes
13. E
14. B
15. F
16. D
17. C
18. F
19. E
20. C
PART 2
Lecture - Filmmaking
21. ii
22. vii
23. v
24. ix
25. iii
26. i
27. viii
28. target audience
29. theoretical statement
30. storyline
31. treatment
32. editing suite
PART 3
A new craftsmanship straight from ESU to you!
33. T
34. NG
35. F
36. NG
37. communicative skills
38. English Students’ Union
39. D
40. B
GENERAL IELTS READING PRACTICE TEST 15
PART 1 - Questions 1-6
Look at the reading passage and at the statements (1-6) below. Choose
TRUE if the statement is true
FALSE if the statement is false
NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage
1. Cocoa beans were once regarded as the monetary unit in Latin America.
2. Mayans traded cocoa beans with Columbus.
3. There was a drop in the number of chocolate houses due to the prices of cocoa beans.
4. People could eat chocolate during the display in Bingley Hall.
5. English tea inspired the creation of milk chocolate.
6. The ‘conching’ technique is considered outdated.
Questions 7-14
From the list of headings below, choose the most suitable heading for each paragraph A-H.
List of headings
i Flavouring cocoa with spices and aromas
ii Further developments of chocolate manufacturing
iii The first cocoa plantation
iv Mass produced chocolate
v Ignored by sovereign
vi A brand new cocoa beverage
vii The production of alkalinised cocoa powder
viii A venue specialised in chocolate
ix From beverage to tasty food
x Acknowledged as a sign of fruitfulness
7. Paragraph A
8. Paragraph B
9. Paragraph C
10. Paragraph D
11. Paragraph E
12. Paragraph F
13. Paragraph G
14. Paragraph H
The History of Chocolate
This is the timeline of a mouth-watering invention. Its popularity is worldwide and its consumers
have become chocaholic. Yet, everyone has to admit that they have a recipe made out of this lipsmacking
ingredient. This is the history of chocolate.
A. Over 2,000BC cocoa was believed to have been found in the Amazon. However, only in 600AD, a
civilisation was said to have cultivated cocoa plantations in Yucatan. They were the Mayans and they
considered cocoa pod a symbol of fertility. The Aztecs used cocoa beans as a currency in 1,200AD
and, two centuries later, their upper class would drink the cocoa beverage. As they did not have
sugar, they would add chilli to the drink.
B. Interestingly, the first Europeans who got hold of a few beans were Columbus in 1492.
Nevertheless, the King and Queen did not take notice of them. Ten years later, however, Columbus
saw a Mayan trading canoe with a cargo of cocoa beans.
C. In South America, Hernando Cortez found out that the court of Emperor Montezuma also used
cocoa and Cortez cultivated cocoa commercially in 1519. In 1528, he suggested adding sugar cane to
cocoa. Other ingredients were also added including vanilla pods and cinnamon. Moreover, cocoa
was regarded as medicine and aphrodisiac in 1570 in Europe and, fifteen years later, the first official
shipment of cocoa beans arrived in Seville.
D. However, it was a Frenchman who opened the first chocolate house in London. In 1657, The
Coffee Mill and Tobacco Roll offered cocoa beverage for 10-15 shilling per pound. Nevertheless, as
there was a rise in the number of chocolate houses, cocoa price reduced to $3 per pound in 1730.
E. In 1795, a steam engine was incorporated to grind cocoa beans and chocolate was manufactured in
large scale. This was employed by Dr Joseph Fry in Bristol, England. Five years later, Antoine
Brutus Menier developed the first industrial facility for the production of chocolate.
F. In 1819, François Louis Callier, the pioneer of Swiss chocolate, opened the first factory and, in
1828, cocoa butter was squeezed so as to create a smooth consistency to the beverage. This was
patented by Conrad Van Houten in Amsterdam. He also added alkaline salts to powdered cocoa so as
to make it mix with water.
G. In 1830, the first solid eating chocolate was developed by the British J. S. Fry and Sons. He also
discovered how to make chocolate bar in 1847. Two years later, J. S. Fry and Sons and Cadbury
Brothers had a chocolate display in an exhibition in Bingley Hall, Birmingham.
H. Eventually, after doing so for eight years, Daniel Peter of Vevey invented a technique for
producing milk chocolate in 1876. The idea was said to have originated in England where he had
drunk a cup of tea with a few drops of milk. Three years later, Rodolphe Lindt developed the
‘conching’ technique – a process which includes the use of a shell-shaped machine known as the
‘conche’. It was used for rolling chocolate so as to produce a finer texture. This process is still in full
force nowadays.
Questions 15-22
Match the places to the statements 15-22. NB Some of the places may be chosen more than once.
15. You can see amazing performances on a weekly basis.
16. A variety of motion pictures are available in this cinema.
17. You can enjoy a snack in the middle of a stunning landscape.
18. You can get hold of tickets in exclusive shops.
19. Stylish garment can be found here.
20. This venue is ideal for practising sports.
21. You are required to put on some equipment.
22. You can have a great ride in the lagoon.
Time Out
Take a look on what is on and have a fantastic day out in town.
A. Wonder Park
Would you like to have a relaxing experience and contemplate nature? This is the most harmonious
place you can be in! Wonder Park is an exuberant green area where you can have a lovely picnic with
your family, play sports, wander round the woods and swim in the waterfalls. Come and see the most
beautiful sunset from the Whirlwind – the highest waterfall in the country!
B. The Best Multiplex
Are you into the movies? Then, come along to a superb multiplex. You will be fascinated with the
range of films screened here. Each room features a specific genre which means that there is a room
for every taste. Would you like to have a 3D experience in our amazing tri-dimensional room? So get
ready to wear our special glasses. Finally the best blockbusters are near you!
C. Star Stadium
If you are passionate about football and love watching your favourite team, you cannot miss out on
this amazing offer. Star Stadium is the venue which holds the greatest football matches of all time!
You are invited to take advantage of a member’s seat and support your team on great finals. Tickets
are sold exclusively in our website. Fancy seeing your team lift the cup?
D. Old Town
Welcome to the Old Town. This small city centre is close to exotic white sandy beaches. As well as
enjoying the amazing beaches, having a sunbath and swimming in the crystal clear sea, you can also
walk up the hills and join the local parties and festivals which are held on the streets. Get ready to
dance and chill out in the trendiest bars in town! After all, it is holiday time!
E. Champion Centre
What a leisure centre – a range of tennis courts, football pitches, tracks and swimming pools are
available to you. If you feel like having some exercise and fun at the same time, this is the place you
should go for! Simply make a booking for you and your friends and make your way to the sports
centre. You can be certain that your athletic personality will make you a champion!
F. Splish-splash Water Park
It is boiling hot today? So come along and refresh yourself at Splish-splash Water Park. There are
over ten swimming pools, as well as a lake for jet skis and banana boats. There is also the slow river
where you can sit on a lifebuoy and go with the flow under waterfalls. Have a freshly squeezed fruit
juice or an ice cream in our wet bar and feel even fresher! What a refreshing day!
G. Great Western Shopping Centre
Do you enjoy keeping up with the latest fashion trends? Would you like to see the new Hollywood
film and eat some yummy popcorn? Come and indulge yourself in designer label clothing and
celebrate your day at the fantastic food hall. There are several restaurant options to choose from, not
to mention the amazing ice cream parlours. Have a great shopping experience!
H. Magnificent Theatre
Do you enjoy reading Shakespeare? How about watching his amazing plays in a medieval theatre?
Every week you can see one of his most fascinating comedies and tragedies as well as epic poetry!
Tickets are sold from authorised outlets and the ticket office in the city centre. This is a sublime
poetic experience and certainly unforgettable!
PART 2 - Questions 23-25
Choose THREE letters A-G. Which THREE of the following does the writer highlight when
describing the CPU?
A It consists of three components.
B Data can be exchanged via ALU.
C It functions as a processor and device controller.
D Buses connect memory units.
E Instructions are decrypted in the Control Unit.
F Logical operations are carried out in the Registers.
G RAM and ROM are run in the CPU.
Question 26
Choose the appropriate letter A-D
26. From the list below, choose the most suitable method for empowering the computer.
A Have two processors setup in parallel and functioning separately.
B Provide a range of peripheral cards, including sound cards.
C Configure the network so that it cannot distribute data.
D Install expansion slots into the PC.
Questions 27-31
The reading passage provides a number of terms. Match each statement (27-31) with one of the
terms (A-F). NB. You may use any of the terms A-F more than once.
27. It provides computers with an efficient system.
28. It is in charge of evaluating units.
29. It calculates logical operations.
30. Their operations are not stored for long-term use.
31. It initiates computer peripheral devices.
A. Central Processing Unit
B. Control Unit
C. Arithmetic Logic Unit
D. Registers
E. Buses
F. Clock
Computer Way – User’s Manual
Thank you so much for purchasing a Computer Way product. This manual provides a brief
introduction to your computer hardware. In order to understand hardware, you should be aware of the
following terms and specifications:
* CPU is an acronym for Central Processing Unit. It is in charge of processing and controlling devices
so as to ensure a smooth operation of the computer system. The CPU is comprised of Control Unit
(CU), Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) and Registers.
* Two Memories RAM and ROM. While Read-Only Memory (ROM) stores information and data
which cannot be modified, Random Access Memory (RAM) enables information retrieval at random.
RAM access data randomly and quickly.
* The Control Unit is a part of CPU and it is responsible for controlling data transfers which occur in
other devices. In other words, it is charge of activating the monitor, keyboard, mouse, and so on.
Furthermore, it decodes instructions so as to ensure the correct function of computer programs.
* The Arithmetic Logic Unit is another part of CPU. It is in charge of executing logical operations,
including mathematical calculations, and manipulating data.
* The last component of CPU is known as registers. These are memory units which run at high speed.
They perform tasks which have been stored in a short term storage area. Instruction Register is a type
of register and it handles the instruction of the program which is currently being executed.
* Buses are the connectors of the CPU units. Thus, data transfers are held in the data buses; control
signals are sent through control buses; and address buses have access to the parts of the main
memory.
If you would like to empower your computer, you can use:
* A second processor. This is connected to the first processor so as to provide a more powerful
system. The connection should be made in parallel to the first computer.
* Moreover, a networking configuration enables the CPU to share processing, which is referred to as
distributed processing.
* Consider expansion slots. They are useful for installing peripheral cards, including sound cards.
In terms of speed and computer performance, you should note that the Clock is the device which
measures units and synchronises circuits. Pulses are sent to units at fixed intervals. While the units are
in pulse rates, the frequency is in megahertz (MHz).
Please Note: A Megahertz is equivalent to 1,000,000 cycles per second.
PART 3 - Questions 32-34
Look at the reading passage on page 11 and at the statements (32-34) below. Choose
TRUE if the statement is true
FALSE if the statement is false
NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage
32. Extensive research has been carried out by two prestigious universities.
33. Longevity tips are aimed at providing a better life quality.
34. People have kept those tips on the refrigerator door.
Question 35
Choose the appropriate letter A-D.
35. What piece of information is accurate about fruit and vegetables?
A Orange is the only source of anticancer elements.
B Vegetables should be chewed for a long time.
C Banana is unhealthy to those who drink a lot of alcoholic beverages.
D Orange does not help those who suffer from anaemia.
Questions 36-38
Look at the reading passage on the next page. Complete the flow chart below using NO MORE
THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.
People who have two chocolate bars on a weekly basis are said to have a longer 36.
……………………. .
When you reduce a fifth of your meal, you avoid 37. …………………… .
Unless green vegetables are stored in the bottom drawer, 38. …………………… are lost.
Questions 39-40
Using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS, answer the following questions.
39. What is the outcome of puzzle-solving?
40. What is vital for longevity?
A Guide on Longevity
If you have ever received this email, then you will know what it is about. If this is actually based on
ground research or not, it is still to be proved. The fact is that it is said that two leading and
renowned educational institutions - the University of Cambridge and the University of Harvard – have
finally discovered how to have a good life quality – once and for all.
The findings have been made available to the public and they are regarded as pieces of advice to
those who are seeking a good life. Fifteen pieces of advice (out of twenty tips) are actually related to
eating habits. Not surprisingly, you can keep a list of longevity tips attached to the front of your fridge
with magnets. There is an interesting list of fruit and vegetables which will make miracles to your
body. A glass of orange juice, for instance, is a source of iron and vitamin C. Moreover, it is said that
it prevents lung cancer in up to 30% of the potential patients. Another recommended fruit is banana,
which is known to reduce high blood pressure, heart attack and hangover. It also prevents anaemia
from occurring.
However, the benefits are not restricted to fruit eaters. Wholemeal bread is a friend to the human
body as well. It has four times of fibre, 3 times of zinc and twice of iron compared to white bread.
Another interesting ingredient is cinnamon – it is said that if you sprinkle cinnamon in coffee, you
keep low levels of cholesterol and stabilise sugar levels. This is definitely a piece of advice to those
who suffer from diabetics. At last but not least, chocolate is also a great ally for your health. It is said
that if you eat two chocolate bars a week, your life expectancy is increased by +1 year. Can you
imagine how long you will live if you do it for a whole year?
Having said that, you should also be concerned about how you eat. According to the experts, you
should eat a smaller portion of food, which is equivalent to 80% of the quantity you are used to eating
in a single meal. Not only does it keep you fit, but it also prevents gastrointestinal problems. It is also
important to chew your food for longer, especially when eating vegetables. This releases an
anticancer element, known as sinigrin – i.e. one of the glycosides found in Brussels sprouts and
broccoli. Finally, you should have a rich meal, which consists of colourful dishes made from white,
red, green, purple, orange and yellow ingredients. In other words, you should follow a rainbow diet.
As well as your habits, your fridge should also be organised. It is said that green vegetables should
be kept in the bottom of the fridge. Otherwise their nutrients will be burnt or frozen, and flavonoids,
another anticancer element, will be destroyed by artificial light.
Moreover, there are activities which contribute to a longer life. According to the study, a pet helps
you to be optimistic, relaxed and relieve stress. In addition to that, laughing is believed to be as
beneficial as running for 10 minutes. The brain should also be exercised. As you read stories and
solve puzzles, you develop better memory and have more interesting topics of conversation too.
Moreover, you are able to socialise and be in touch with those who care for you – your family and
friends. The study also suggests that 91% of people who are not in contact with their family develop
alcoholism, high blood pressure and depression.
As a matter of fact, self-knowledge is the key to those who want to live long and meaningfully. Those
who know themselves are said to live up to 35% longer than those who are primarily focused on
acquiring possessions. At the end of the day, what truly matters is who you are. Do we need a doctor
to remind us of our values?
IELTS GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST 15
Answer Key
PART 1
The History of Chocolate
1. T
2. NG
3. F
4. NG
5. T
6. F
7. x
8. v
9. i
10. viii
11. iv
12. vii
13. ix
14. ii
Time Out
15. H
16. B
17. A
18. H
19. G
20. E
21. B
22. F
PART 2
User’s Manual
23. A/C/E (any order)
24. A/C/E (any order)
25. A/C/E (any order)
26. D
27. A
28. F
29. C
30. D
31. B
PART 3
A Guide on Longevity
32. NG
33. T
34. NG
35. B
36. life expectancy
37. gastrointestinal problems
38. nutrients / flavonoids
39. Develop better memory
40. Self-knowledge
GENERAL IELTS READING PRACTICE TEST 4
PART 1 - Question 1
Choose the appropriate letter A-D
1. According to the writer, what was the exhibition about?
A a workshop on the newest TV and video equipment
B a stunning presentation of 200 pieces of equipment
C a demonstration of devices that seemed to be the latest technology
D a remarkable achievement of the trendiest TV and video equipment
Questions 2-4
Choose THREE letters A-G
Which THREE of the following does the writer highlight when describing the equipment displayed
in the exhibition?
A artificial intelligent devices.
B remote control for 3D images.
C a variety of wireless devices.
D a range of screens and monitors.
E analogue and digital TVs.
F a 3-dimensional cinema.
G interactive TV options.
Tech experience of a lifetime?
It was certainly ‘an enthusiastic exhibition of the latest technology’. Nevertheless, did it actually
demonstrate the newest innovations in the entertainment industry?
On Saturday 24th March, people were given a public demonstration of what futurists and techies
would regard as a remarkable achievement on the latest trend in TV and video equipment. However,
in the era of high-tech innovations, this ‘technological revolution’ has succeeded in no more than its
apparent enthusiasm.
Over 200 pieces of equipment were displayed in a large room at Brighton Gallery. A range of modern
design and artificial intelligence devices brightened up the event. LCD monitors, flat screens, digital