Reactive Power Managment RPM Booklet

8/13/2019 Reactive Power Managment RPM Booklet

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tension switchgear offers Reactive

Power M anagement Products and

Solutions. These products and

system solutions fulfill the Reactive

Power need of I ndustrial and

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1. Introduction

2. Benefits of Power Factor Correction

3. Modes of Compensation

4. Calculation of kVAr Required

4.1. for motors

4.2. for Distribution / Industrial Networks

4.3. for transformers

5. Harmonics and its Effects

6. Selection of Capacitors & APFC's

6.1. Selection of capacitors

6.2.Selection of APFC Systems

7. Capacitor Technology and Types

7.1. MPP Type Capacitors7.2. MD-XL Type Capacitors

7.3. MD Type Capacitors

7.4. FF(APP) Type Capacitors

8. IntellVAr APFC Technology and Types

8.1. Technology

8.2. Technical Data

8.3. Product Range

8.4. Thyristor switched APFC systems

8.5. Technology

8.6. Product Range

9. PF Correction in Harmonic Rich Environments

9.1. Background

9.2. Detuned Filters

9.3. Fixed detuned filter components

9.4. Fixed detuned filters

9.5. APFC cum detuned filter

10.PF Correction in Installations With

Captive Generation by DG sets

11. Useful Formulae and Tables.

PagesPagesPagesPagesPages

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1

3

4

9

11

13

39

52

59

61

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A vast majority of Electrical loads in

low voltage industrial installations are

inductive in nature. Typical examples

are M otors, Transformers, D rives,

Fluorescent lighting. Such loads

consume both A ctive and Reactive

Power. T he Active P ower is used by

the load to meet its real output

requirements whereas Reactive

Power is used by the load to meet its

magnetic field requirements. The

Reactive Power (inductive) is always

90 deg lagging with respect to Active

Power as shown in Fig. 1.1(a).

C os = Power factor

kW = Active power

kVAri

= R eactive power

(inductive).

kVA = Apparent power

=

It is thus a reali ty that flow of A ctive

and R eactive Power always takes

place in Electrical installations.

This means that the supply system

has to be capable of supplying both

Active and R eactive P ower.

The supply of Reactive P ower from

the system results in reduced installa-

tion efficiency due to:

Increased current flow for a given

load.

Higher voltage drop in the system.

Increase in losses of Transformers,

Switchgear and C ables.

Higher kVA demand from the supply

system.

Levy of penalties by the Electricity

supply authorities.

It is therefore necessary to reduce &

manage the flow of Reactive Power to

achieve higher efficiency of the

Electrical system and reduction in

cost of Electricity consumed.

The most cost effective method of

reducing and managing Reactive

Power is by Power Factor Improve-

ment through Power C apaci tors. The

concept of power factor improvement

kW2+ kVAr2

1. INTRODUCTION

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cos1 = initial power factor

cos2= final power factor

kVA 2 < kVA 1.

is shown below as Fig 1.2(a) and fig

1.2(b).

As power factor tends to unity, the

electrical system efficiency will

improve.

D ue to the changing nature of modern

electrical installations it has now

become nessessery to use various

types of fixed and variable power

capacitors to achieve desired power

factor improvement.

The methodology followed to achieve

a consistently high power factor

under modern application conditions

is referred to as R EA C TI VE P O WER

M AN AG EM ENT therefore involves

proper selection and use the follow-

ing products.

Power Capacitors

Automatic Power Factor Correction

systems

D etuned Harmonic Filters

The products offered in this publica-

tion are designed to enable the user

to achieve optimum Reactive Power

M anagement in the electrical installa-

tion for ensuring maximum savings

and reducing cost of electricity

consumed under given load condi-

tions.

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2.1 The benefits can be summa-

rised as follows:-

Saving in kVA (demand ) charges.

Elimination of Power Factor

penalties.

Release of system capacity by

which additional loads can be

easily added.

Reduction in current drawn.

Reduced Transformer / Switchgear/

C able losses.

Improved Voltage Regulation.

Increased life of Switchgear/

C ables due to reduced operating

temperatures.

The figure given gives a comparison

of a typical industrial installation with

an initial power factor of 0.75 fig 2.1

(a) and a corrected Power Factor of

0.95 fig 2.1 (b ) .

2. BENEFITS OF POWER FACTOR CORRECTION

Comparison Table. (Assuming connected load of 800 kW)

Installation PF kVA Current drawn PF Saving instatus demand (Amps) penalty kVA charges

C ase 1

Without 0.75 1067 1484 Yes N o

capacitors

C ase 2 Yes

With 0.95 842 1171 N o Also all the benefits

capacitors described in (2.1)

shall be available.

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3. MODES OF COMPENSATION

Providing compensation at

main incomer central

compensation. (pos. No 1).

at Power distribution boards

group compensation.

(pos. No 2).

This is suitable for installations

where there are number of power

distribution boards for various load

feeders.

(Refer Fig. 3.2)

Providing compensation at the

main incomer of the installation is

called central compensation (pos.

No. 1).


where the loads are few and

situated close to the main supply

bus.

(Refer Fig. 3.1)

Providing compensation at all

stages.

At the main incomer bus

central compensation.

(pos. No 1).

At power distribution boards

group compensation.

(pos. No 2).

At individual load terminals -

individual compensation.

(pos. No 3)


consisting of main receiving station,

substations, several load feeders

and a wide variety of loads.

(Refer Fig. 3.3)

Fig. (3.1)

Fig. (3.2)

Fig. (3.3)

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4. CALCULATIONOF kVAr REQUIREDThe estimation of kVAr required for

compensation to achieve desired

power factor is generally done

depending on the type of loads to be

compensated. For ease of use, the

tables and formulae given in this

section may be used.

4.1 Capacitor kVAr For AC

Induction Motors

Notes :

1) It is considered uneconomical in

industrial applications to improve

power factor by individual

compensation for motor ratings below

15 hp.

2)For motor ratings above 250 hp the

capacitor kVA r rating would be about

25% of the motor rating in hp.

3)In all cases it should be ensured

that the capacitor current at rated

voltage is always less than 90% of the

no load current of the motor. This is

Table 4.1 gives the recommended

ratings of power capacitors, which

are to be used di rectly with 3 Phase

AC induction motors.

Table 4.1

MotorRating Capacitor ratings in kVAr when motor speed (rev / min) is:

in HP 3000 1500 1000 750 500

2.5

5

7.5

10

15

20

25

30

40

50

60

70

8090

100

110

120

130

140

145

150

155

160

165

170

175

180

185

190

200

250

1.0

2.0

2.5

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

9.0

11.0

13.0

15.0

17.019.0

21.0

23.0

25.0

27.0

29.0

30.0

31.0

32.0

33.0

34.0

35.0

36.0

37.0

38.0

38.0

40.0

45.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

10.0

12.5

14.5

16.5

19.021.0

23.0

25.0

27.0

29.0

31.0

32.0

33.0

34.0

35.0

36.0

37.0

38.0

39.0

40.0

40.0

42.0

50.0

1.5

2.5

3.5

4.5

6.0

7.0

9.0

10.0

13.0

16.0

18.0

20.0

22.024.0

26.0

28.0

30.0

32.0

34.0

35.0

36.0

37.0

38.0

39.0

40.0

41.0

42.0

43.0

43.0

45.0

55.0

2.0

3.5

4.5

5.5

7.5

9.0

10.5

12.0

15.0

18.0

20.0

22.0

24.026.0

28.0

30.0

32.0

34.0

36.0

37.0

38.0

39.0

40.0

41.0

42.0

43.0

44.0

45.0

45.0

47.0

60.0

2.5

4.0

5.5

6.5

9.0

12.0

14.5

17.0

21.0

25.0

28.0

31.0

34.037.0

40.0

43.0

46.0

49.0

52.0

54.0

55.0

56.0

57.0

59.0

60.0

61.0

62.0

63.0

65.0

67.0

70.0

5


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due to the fact that when capacitor

current exceeds the no load

magnetizing current of the motor,excessive voltage surges can occur

due to self excitation in the event of

an interruption in power supply, which

will prove harmful to both the motor as

well as the capacitor.

4)The capacitor kVAr values

indicated in the above table are after

taking into consideration thecondition specified in the item 3

above and assuming motor loading of

greater than 80% .

5)If the motor is loaded to less than

80% , the capacitor kVA r required may

be greater than the values indicatedin the above table. In such a case the

capacitor should be connected

upstream in group or central

compensation mode.

In electrical installations, the

operating load kW and its average

power factor (PF) can be ascertained

from the electricity bill.

Alternatively it can also be easily

evaluated by the formula

Average PF = kWh / kVAh

Operating load kW = kVA demand x

Average PF.

4.2. For Distribution / Industrial Networks

The average PF is considered as the

initial PF and the final PF can be

suitably assumed as required.In such

cases required Capacitor kVAr can be

calculated as shown in example.

Example :-

Calculate the required kVAr

compensation for a 500 kW

installation to improve the PF from

0.75 to 0.96.

kVAr = kW x multiplying factor from

table - 4.2.

= 500 x 0.59 = 295 kVAr.

Table-4.2

Initial PFFinal PF

0.9 0.91 0.92 0.93 0.94 0.95 0.96 0.97 0.98 0.99

0.4 1.807 1.836 1.865 1.896 1.928 1.963 2.000 2.041 2.088 2.149

0.42 1.676 1.705 1.735 1.766 1.798 1.832 1.869 1.910 1.958 2.018

0.44 1.557 1.585 1.615 1.646 1.678 1.712 1.749 1.790 1.838 1.898

0.45 1.500 1.529 1.559 1.589 1.622 1.656 1.693 1.734 1.781 1.842

0.46 1.446 1.475 1.504 1.535 1.567 1.602 1.639 1.680 1.727 1.788

0.48 1.343 1.372 1.402 1.432 1.465 1.499 1.536 1.577 1.625 1.685

0.5 1.248 1.276 1.306 1.337 1.369 1.403 1.440 1.481 1.529 1.590

0.52 1.158 1.187 1.217 1.247 1.280 1.314 1.351 1.392 1.440 1.500

0.54 1.074 1.103 1.133 1.163 1.196 1.230 1.267 1.308 1.356 1.416

0.55 1.034 1.063 1.092 1.123 1.156 1.190 1.227 1.268 1.315 1.376

0.56 0.995 1.024 1.053 1.084 1.116 1.151 1.188 1.229 1.276 1.337

0.58 0.920 0.949 0.979 1.009 1.042 1.076 1.113 1.154 1.201 1.262

0.6 0.849 0.878 0.907 0.938 0.970 1.005 1.042 1.083 1.130 1.191

0.62 0.781 0.810 0.839 0.870 0.903 0.937 0.974 1.015 1.062 1.123

0.64 0.716 0.745 0.775 0.805 0.838 0.872 0.909 0.950 0.998 1.058

0.65 0.685 0.714 0.743 0.774 0.806 0.840 0.877 0.919 0.966 1.027

0.66 0.654 0.683 0.712 0.743 0.775 0.810 0.847 0.888 0.935 0.996

0.68 0.594 0.623 0.652 0.683 0.715 0.750 0.787 0.828 0.875 0.936

0.7 0.536 0.565 0.594 0.625 0.657 0.692 0.729 0.770 0.817 0.878

0.72 0.480 0.508 0.538 0.569 0.601 0.635 0.672 0.713 0.761 0.821

0.74 0.425 0.453 0.483 0.514 0.546 0.580 0.617 0.658 0.706 0.766

0.75 0.398 0.426 0.456 0.487 0.519 0.553 0.590 0.631 0.679 0.739

0.76 0.371 0.400 0.429 0.460 0.492 0.526 0.563 0.605 0.652 0.713

0.78 0.318 0.347 0.376 0.407 0.439 0.474 0.511 0.552 0.599 0.660

0.8 0.266 0.294 0.324 0.355 0.387 0.421 0.458 0.499 0.547 0.608

0.82 0.214 0.242 0.272 0.303 0.335 0.369 0.406 0.447 0.495 0.556

0.84 0.162 0.190 0.220 0.251 0.283 0.317 0.354 0.395 0.443 0.503

0.85 0.135 0.164 0.194 0.225 0.257 0.291 0.328 0.369 0.417 0.477

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4.3 Capacitor kVAr for

Transformers

Power and distribution transformers,

which work on the principle of

electro-magnetic induction, consume

reactive power for their own needs

even when its secondary is not

connected to any load. The power

factor will be very low under such a

situation. To improve the power factor,

it is required to connect a fixed

capacitor or a capacitor bank at the

LT side of the transformer. T he table

(4.3) gives the approximate kVA r of

capacitors required.

Note :Note :Note :Note :Note :

The table 4.2 is based on thefollowing formula:

kVA r required = kW ( tan 1- tan 2)

where

1 = C os -1(PF1) and

2 = C os -1(PF2)

PF1 and PF2 are initial and final

power factors respectively

Table - 4.3

Sl.no kVA rating of the transformer kVAr required for compensation

1 Upto and including 315 kVA 5% of kVA rating.

2 315kVA 1000 kVA 6% of kVA rating.

3 Above 1000 kVA 8% of kVA rating.

Note :

The requirements of capacitors

suitable for welding transformers will

be made available on request.

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Film Foil / APP / ALL PP capacitors

M PP -S capacitor unit

C apacitor Banks

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5. HARMONICS AND ITS EFFECTS

5.1 What Are Harmonics

Electrical loads can be classified as

linear and non-linear loads. A linear

load is one which draws a sinusoidal

current when subjected to sinusoidal

voltage as shown in fig 5.1(a).

The current wave may or may not

have a phase difference with respect

to the voltage. A pure resistance,

inductance or capaci tance or any

combination of these forms a linear

load.

O n the contrary a non-linear load is

one which draws non-sinusoidal or

pulsating current when subjected to

sinusoidal voltage as shown in fig

5.1(b).

Any nonsinusoidal current can be

mathematically resolved into a series

of sinusoidal components ( Fourier

series ) . The first component is called

as fundamental and the remaining

components whose frequencies are

integral multiples of the fundamental

frequency are known as harmonics. If

the fundamental frequency is 50 Hz,

then 2ndharmonic will have a

frequency of 100Hz and the 3rdwill

have 150Hz and so on.

9

Waveform for linear load. Waveform for Non-linear load.

Fig 5.1(a) Fig 5.1(b)


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5.3 The following table (5.1) gives the ill effects of Harmonicson different equipments

5.2 Sources Of Harmonics

Following are some of the non-linear

loads which generates harmonics:

Static Power Converters andRectififiers, which are used in

UPS, B attery chargers, etc.

Arc Furnaces.

Power Electronics for motor

controls ( A C / D C D rives.)

C omputers.

Television receivers.

Saturated Transformers.

Fluorescent Lighting.

Telecommunication equipments.

Table - 5.1

EquipmentEquipmentEquipmentEquipmentEquipment N ature of ill effect.N ature of ill effect.N ature of ill effect.N ature of ill effect.N ature of ill effect.

M otor O ver heating, production of pulsating torque.

Transformer O ver heating, noise and insulation failure.

S witchgear and I ncreased losses due to sk in effect followed

cables by over heating.

C apacitors Severe overloading followed by overheating.

Protective Relays U nreli ab le opera tion and nuisance tri pp ing .

P ower electronic M i s-firing of thyristors and failure of

equipments semiconductor devices.

C ontrol & Instrumentation Erratic operation followed by nuisance

Electroni c eq ui pments tri ppi ng and breakd own.

C ommunication equipments Interference and noise.

A diagrammatic representation of the

various harmonics of a non-sinusoidal wave is shown in Fig. 5.2.

f1 - Fundamental

f5 - Fifth Harmonic

f7 - Seventh Harmonic

f11 - Eleventh Harmonic

10

f1

f5

f7

f11

Total

Fig 5.2

Distorted Wave

Time


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C apacitor Range M PP -S, M PP -H, M D-XL, FF, M D.

The criteria for selecting Capacitors is

mainly driven by the following:

Application for which the capacitor

is to be used.

Total cost i.e. purchase + operating

cost.

6.1.1 Application Based Selection

6. SELECTION OF CAPACITORS AND APFCs

6.1 Selection Of Capacitors

(a) For Irrigation Pumpsets: For this application which is mainly in the

A gricultural sector it is recommended that M PP -D type C apaci tors (Series 26D)

should be used. This application is relatively simple and the kVA r of the

C apacitor may be selected as per table 4.1 in section 4.

(b) For Industrial U se: In I ndustrial applications the application based selection

of C apaci tors must take into account the Harmonic presence in the installation.

Since this is not easy to measure as it is a function of various parameters some

of which are dynamic it is recommended that the following guidelines may be

adapted.

If the percentage of nonlinear load is less than or equal to 10% of the total

load, standard M PP -S type Capacitors may be used.

For ex: In an installation which has a connected load of 100 kW, the non linear

load is 7 kW. C onsequently the percentage of nonlinear load is 7% . Hence,

M PP -S C apacitors may be used. If the percentage of nonlinear load exceeds 10% but is less than 20% , then

heavy duty capacitors must be used since the presence of Harmonics can

adversely effect the life of the Capacitors. These heavy duty capacitors are

M PP -H, M D -XL, M D & FF(A PP ) types. For more detailed description of these

technologies refer section 7.

If the percentage of nonlinear load exceeds 20% , i t is recommended that

detuned filters i.e. C apaci tors + Reactors should be used. For more detailed

description refer section 9.

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M EH ER s wide range of power

capacitors are manufactured in the

most modern manufacturing plant

using state of the art technology

backed by automated production

equipment. Stringent Q uality C ontrol

procedures ensure World class

product performance, safety and cost

effectiveness for a variety of

applications.

The kVA r rating of APFC system can

be decided depending upon kW of

the load, existing PF (initial) and final

PF. ( Refer example worked out in

section 4.2).

The type of A PFC system can be

selected based upon the Harmonic

content of the load. If the Harmonic

generating load is less than 20% , the

A PFC should be used as mentioned

in section-8. If the Harmonic load isgreater than 20% then reactor

protected A PFC should be used as

mentioned in section 9.5.

(M S-O ffice based(EXC EL) Selection

software for APFC system and fixed

capacitors is available. Please

contact us)

6.2 Selection Of Automatic Power

Factor Correction Systems

(APFC)

APFC system

6.1. 2 Cost Based Selection

The total cost of using a capacitor is a function of

Purchase C ost O perating C ost

While purchase cost is easy to estimate it is necessary to also evaluate

operating cost as can be seen from the following example.

The operating cost of a capacitor is a function of the total losses & the

operating time of the capacitor.

Ex: An installation requires 1000 kVA r which will be operated for about 6000

hrs per year. C alculate the operating cost of M D -XL C apaci tors verses M D

type C apacitors assuming a life expectancy of 15 years for the Capacitors.

The total energy consumed by the C apacitors for its own operation is

calculated as follows:

M D-XL CapacitorsM D-XL CapacitorsM D-XL CapacitorsM D-XL CapacitorsM D-XL Capacitors

Energy consumed = ( Loss per kVA r x Total kVAr x O perating time ) /1000

= ( 0.5 x 1000 x 6000 x 15 ) / 1000

= 45,000 kwH

M D C apacitorsM D C apacitorsM D C apacitorsM D C apacitorsM D C apacitors

Energy consumed = (Loss per kVA r x Total kVAr x O perating time) / 1000

= (1.5 x1000 x 6000 x 15) / 1000

= 1,35,000 kwH

C onsequently, the excess energy consumption due to the M D C apacitor

shall be

= 1,35,000 45,000

= 90,000 kWh

This energy consumed can be converted into cost using a weighted

average cost of Rs. 5 per kWh. C onsequently, the extra cost shall be R s. 5 x

90,000 = Rs. 4,50,000.

O n a per kVA r base this can work out to Rs. 450/- per kVAr.

It is obvious that operating cost must be evaluated carefully before taking the

final decision on the type of capacitor to be used. It is also self explanatory

that lower the losses, lower will be the operating cost.

The Low Voltage Capacitors are

offered in the following versions:

M etallised P olypropylene type

C apacitors

M D -XL type C apacitors

M D type C apacitors

Film Foil(FF/AP P) type Capacitors

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7.CAPACITOR TECHNOLOGY & TYPES

The M PP type C apacitors are available

in the following categories:

Dry type M PP -D type C apacitors for

use in Agricultural pumpsets

Normal duty M PP -S type C apacitors

for use in Industrial applications

Heavy duty M PP -H type C apacitors

for use in H eavy D uty Industrial

applications and in Harmonic richenvironment.

The M PP type C apacitors comprise of

a Polypropylene Film as the dielectric,

vacuum coated with a special metal

layer which acts as the electrode of

the capacitor. The M PP film is wound

into cylindrical windings as shown in

fig 7.1. The technology of winding is

extremely critical to product

performance and the windings are

manufactured on very sophisticated

Automatic machines. T he Capacitor

elements so produced are then

subjected to several processes

including end connection spraying,

Vacuum thermal treatment, assembly

into the required containers followed

by an elaborate vacuum impregnation

process.

M odern technology and processes

such as alloy/differential metallisation,

sophisticated winding technology,

enhanced end contact quality,

reduced edge stresses and

elimination of trapped air cumulativelyensure superior performance from the

M etallised Polypropylene C apacitors.

M PP -H C apacitors are designed to

withstand overload conditions which

are beyond those specified in the IS

and IEC standards. This is necessary

because in some applications over

voltages and overcurrents due to

system parameters and Harmonic

presence can cause the overloading

of capacitors. For ex: the M PP -H

C apaci tor is designed to carry 180%

overcurrent as against 130%specified in the standards. For more

details refer the technical data tables

given.

ADVANTAGES OF MPP

CAPACITORS

M odular construction technology

High inrush transient current

withstand capability

Lowest watt loss

Negligible temperature rise

Self healing with Pressure

sensitive disconnector (P SD ) High reliability

7.1. MPP Metallised

Polypropylene Capacitors

The M D-XL type Capacitors

comprise of a Low loss

Polypropylene Film combined with

dual side M etallised paper in the

dielectric structure. The

M etallisation serves as the electrode

and the presence of paper ensures

a high quality impregnation. The

Polypropylene film and M etallised

paper are wound together incylindrical windings as shown in fig

7.2

7.2. MD-XL Type Capacitors

ContactLayer

polypropylenefilm, metal

depositon one side

deposit - freezone

Winding

MPP

Fig 7.1

ContactLayer

Kraft paper

(metal deposit

Polypropylene film(without metaldeposit)

Winding

MD-XL

FIG 7.2

13


17/72

The production technology involved

in this type of capacitor is very

sophisticated due to the use of dis-similar materials and the need for

extended vacuum drying and

impregnation processes.

The vacuum drying and impregnation

procedure ensures that the dielectric

is free of any voids and thereby

minimises occurrence of partial

discharges. This results in long life

expectancy and extremely stable

electrical characteristics.

ADVANTAGES OF MD-XL

CAPACITORS

M odular construction technology

Very high inrush transient current

withstand capability

Superior overload capability

Lowest watt loss

Negligible temperature rise

Self healing with Pressure

sensitive disconnector (P SD )

High reliability

M D-XL C apacitors are designed for

very long life operation under

overload conditions which are much

beyond those specified in the IS and

IEC standards. This is because in

some applications overvoltages and

overcurrents due to system

parameters and H armonic presence

can cause the overloading of

capacitors. For ex: the M D -XL

C apaci tor is designed to carry 200%

over current as against 130%

specified in the standards. For more

details refer the technical data tables

given.

7.3. MD Type Capacitors

The M D type C apacitors comprise of

several layers of polypropylene film

and insulating paper wound together

with Aluminium foil as shown in fig 7.3

These C apacitors are designed to

meet the requirements beyond IS and

IEC . These are the integrated

construction capacitors and are

being replaced by modular designs.

7.4. Film Foil Capacitors

Film foil capacitors are manufactured

by using H azy polypropylene film,

which is placed between two layers of

M etal foil and windings, as shown infig 7.4.

These capacitors are also designed

to meet the customer requirement

beyond IS and IEC .

The drying and impregnation process

ensures that the dielectric is free of

any voids to minimize the occurrence

of partial discharges. This results in

long life expectancy and stable

electrical characteristics.

SELF HEALING DIELECTRIC

The capacitors such as M PP -S,

M PP -H and M D-XL type are

manufactured by using the material

having self healing property. In the

event of dielectric break down, the

metal layers around the breakdown

channel are evaporated by the

temperature of the electric arc that

forms between the electrodes. A n

insulation area is formed which is

resistive and voltage proof for all

operating requirements of the

capacitor. The Capacitor remains

functional during and after the

breakdown.

Aluminium Foil

Insulating Paper

PolypropyleneFilm

Fig 7.3

SAFETY OF THE CAPACITORS

Protection against over voltage and

short circuits:

Modular Construction

M PP and M D -XL capacitors are

modular type and are self-healing i.e.

regenerate themselves after

breakdown of dielectric. Sustained

self-healing causes rising pressure

inside the capacitors. With rising

pressure the case begins to expand

opening the folded bellow and

pushing the terminal deck upwards.

A s a result, the prepared connecting

wire is separated at the notched spot

and the current path is interrupted

irreversibly. A schematic

representation is shown below.

C onsequently the capacitor is safely

disconnected in the event of any short

circuit.

Integrated Type

M D & FF/APP capacitors are of the

integrated type construction and non

self-healing. They are provided withinternal fuses to safely isolate each

element when failure occurs.

PolypropyleneFilm

Metal Foil

Fig 7.4

Before PSD

operation

After PSD

operation

FF/APP /ALL P P & M D type capacitors

14

MD

FF


18/72

Technical Data

Series 26 D26 D26 D26 D26 D

Type M PP-DM PP-DM PP-DM PP-DM PP-D

Standards IS 2834-1986

Rated voltage 415/440 V ( O ther ratings on request)

O vervoltage As per clause 5.2 of IS 2834-1986

O vercurrent A s per clause 5.3 of IS 2834-1986,

1.43 In at 1.1 Cn & 1.1 Un combined

with presence of Harmonics.

Frequency ( Hz) 50 / 60

No of phases Three

C apacitance tolerance - 5 % to + 10 %

Test voltage, terminal / terminal 1.5 ..... Un

Test voltage, terminal / case 2.5 kV A C

( insulation level)

Peak transient overcurrent < 100 x In

Losses Total < 0.5 W / kVAr

D ielectric < 0.2 W / kVAr

Degree of protection IP 21 (with connecting cable)

A mbient temperature category -25 / D (M a ximum 55 deg C )

M a ximum permissible altitude 2000m above mean sea level

M ounting position Wall mounting

Safety features Self healing

Polyurethane Resin encapsulation

C ontainer type M .S.Sheet M etal

Finish Polyester Paint C oated.

D ielectric Bi- axially oriented Polypropylene Film

Impregnant Resin

D ischarge D evice D ischarge Resistor

Electrodes Special vacuum deposited metal

alloy with re-inforced edge.

C apacitors for Agricultural use

15


19/72

THREE PHASE CAPACITORS, MPP-D Type. Rated Voltage 415/440VAC, 50 Hz, Delta Conn.

O uput,O uput,O uput,O uput,O uput, InInInInIn O rderingO rderingO rderingO rderingO rdering InInInInIn O rderingO rderingO rderingO rderingO rdering D imensions of unit D imensions of unit D imensions of unit D imensions of unit D imensions of unit Ref.Ref.Ref.Ref.Ref.

Q nQ nQ nQ nQ n at 415Vat 415Vat 415Vat 415Vat 415V C ode forC ode forC ode forC ode forC ode for at 440Vat 440Vat 440Vat 440Vat 440V C ode forC ode forC ode forC ode forC ode for (mm)(mm)(mm)(mm)(mm) 415V415V415V415V415V 440V440V440V440V440V Fig.Fig.Fig.Fig.Fig.

k Vk Vk Vk Vk VA rA rA rA rA r A m p sA m p sA m p sA m p sA m p s 415 V415 V415 V415 V415 V A m p sA m p sA m p sA m p sA m p s 440 V440 V440 V440 V440 V WWWWW W1W1W1W1W1 DDDDD H 1H 1H 1H 1H 1 H 1H 1H 1H 1H 1

1 1.39 26D 3010A 1 1.31 26D 3010B1 124 104 56 118 122 7.5

2 2.78 26D 3020A 1 2.62 26D 3020B1 124 104 56 147 152 7.5

3 4.17 26D 3030A 1 3.94 26D 3030B1 173 153 56 147 137 7.5

4 5.56 26D 3040A 1 5.24 26D 3040B1 173 153 56 147 137 7.5

5 6.95 26D 3050A 1 6.56 26D 3050B1 173 153 56 163 152 7.5

6 8.35 26D 3060A 1 7.87 26D 3060B1 173 153 56 175 167 7.5

FIG 7.5

16


20/72


21/72

THREE P HAS E CAPTHREE P HAS E CA PTHREE P HAS E CAPTHREE P HAS E CA PTHREE P HAS E CAPAC ITO RS , M P P -S TAC I TO RS , M P P -S TAC I TO RS , M P P -S TAC I TO RS , M P P -S TAC I TO RS , M P P -S Type. R ated Vype. R ated Vype. R ated Vype. R ated Vype. R ated Voltage 415/440Voltage 415/440Voltage 415/440Voltage 415/440Voltage 415/440VA C , 50 H z, Delta C onn.AC, 50 Hz, Delta Conn.A C , 50 H z, Delta C onn.AC, 50 Hz, Delta Conn.AC, 50 Hz, Delta Conn.

O uput,O uput,O uput,O uput,O uput, InInInInIn O rderingO rderingO rderingO rderingO rdering InInInInIn O rderingO rderingO rderingO rderingO rdering D imensions of unit ( mm) D imensions of unit ( mm) D imensions of unit ( mm) D imensions of unit ( mm) D imensions of unit ( mm) Ref.Ref.Ref.Ref.Ref.

Q nQ nQ nQ nQ n at 415Vat 415Vat 415Vat 415Vat 415V C ode forC ode forC ode forC ode forC ode for at 440Vat 440Vat 440Vat 440Vat 440V C ode forC ode forC ode forC ode forC ode for Fig.Fig.Fig.Fig.Fig.

K VK VK VK VK VA rA rA rA rA r A m p sA m p sA m p sA m p sA m p s 415 V415 V415 V415 V415 V A m p sA m p sA m p sA m p sA m p s 440 V440 V440 V440 V440 V DDDDD H 1H 1H 1H 1H 1 H 2H 2H 2H 2H 2 H 3H 3H 3H 3H 3

7.5 10.43 19M 3075A 3 9.84 19M 3075B3 94 215 321 80 7.6

10 13.91 19M 3100A 3 13.12 19M 3100B3 94 215 321 80 7.6

12.5 17.39 19M 3125A 3 16.4 19M 3125B3 94 215 321 80 7.6

15 20.87 19M 3150A 3 19.68 19M 3150B3 154 215 321 80 7.6

20 27.82 19M 3200A 3 26.24 19M 3200B3 154 215 321 80 7.6

25 34.78 19M 3250A 3 32.80 19M 3250B3 154 215 321 80 7.6

18

FIG 7.6


22/72

Series 80 M80 M80 M80 M80 M

Type M PP-HM PP-HM PP-HM PP-HM P P -H

Standards IS 2834-1986/ IS 13340-1993/ IS 13341-1992/

IEC 831-1 (1996-11) & IEC 831- 2 (1995-12)

Rated voltage 415/440 V (O ther ratings on request)

O vervoltage U n C ontinous

U n + 15 % (up to 12 hours daily)

U n + 20 % (up to 30 minutes daily)


U n + 30 % (up to 1 minute)

A ny overvoltage >1.....15 Un shall not occur

more than 200 times in the C apacitors life.

A s per clause 20.1 of IEC .

O vercurrent 1.....8 In at 1.....15 Cn combined with

over voltage and presence of

harmonics, as per IEC clause 21.


No of phases Single (or)Three

C apacitance tolerance - 5% to 15%


Test voltage, terminal / case 3.....6 kV AC


Losses Total < 0.5 W / kVAr

D ielectric < 0.2 W / kVAr

D egree of protection IP 31

Ambient temperature category - 25 / D (M aximum 55 deg C)

M aximum permissible alti tude 2000m above mean sea level

M ounting position Vertical with terminals upwards

Safety features Self healing with PSD

Pressure Sensitive D isconnector



D ielectric Bi-axially orented Polypropylene Film

Impregnant Non-PC B bio-degradable impregnant.


Electrodes Special vacuum deposited metal

alloy with re-inforced edge.

Technical Data

M PP -H C apacitor unit

19


23/72

THREE PHA SE CA PTHREE PHA SE CA PTHREE PHA SE CA PTHREE PHA SE CA PTHREE PHA SE CA PA C I TO RS , M PP-H TA C I TO RS , M PP-H TA C I TO RS , M PP-H TA C I TO RS , M PP-H TA C I TO RS , M PP-H Type Rated Vype Rated Vype Rated Vype Rated Vype Rated Voltage 415/440Voltage 415/440Voltage 415/440Voltage 415/440Voltage 415/440VAC , 50 Hz, D elta C onn.AC , 50 Hz, D elta C onn.AC , 50 Hz, D elta C onn.AC , 50 Hz, D elta C onn.AC , 50 Hz, D elta C onn.

O uput,Q nO uput,Q nO uput,Q nO uput,Q nO uput,Q n InInInInIn O rderingO rderingO rderingO rderingO rdering InInInInIn O rderingO rderingO rderingO rderingO rdering D imensions of unit (mm )D imensions of unit (mm)D imensions of unit (mm )D imensions of unit (mm)D imensions of unit (mm ) Ref.Ref.Ref.Ref.Ref.

K VK VK VK VK VA rA rA rA rA r at 415Vat 415Vat 415Vat 415Vat 415V C ode forC ode forC ode forC ode forC ode for at 440Vat 440Vat 440Vat 440Vat 440V C ode forC ode forC ode forC ode forC ode for Fig.Fig.Fig.Fig.Fig.

A m p sA m p sA m p sA m p sA m p s 415 V415 V415 V415 V415 V A m p sA m p sA m p sA m p sA m p s 440 V440 V440 V440 V440 V DDDDD H 1H 1H 1H 1H 1 H 2H 2H 2H 2H 2 H 3H 3H 3H 3H 3

7.5 10.43 80M 3075A 3 9.84 80M 3075B3 94 283 391 80 7.7

10 13.91 80M 3100A 3 13.12 80M 3100B3 94 283 391 80 7.7

12.5 17.39 80M 3125A 3 16.4 80M 3125B3 94 283 391 80 7.7

15 20.87 80M 3150A 3 19.68 80M 3150B3 154 283 391 80 7.7

20 27.82 80M 3200A 3 26.24 80M 3200B3 154 283 391 80 7.7

25 34.78 80M 3250A 3 32.80 80M 3250B3 154 283 391 80 7.7

20

FIG 7.7


24/72

Technical Data

Series 61 M61 M61 M61 M61 M

Type M D-XLM D-XLM D-XLM D-XLM D -XL

Standards IS 2834-1986/ IS 13340-1993 IS 13341-1992/

IEC 831-1 (1996-11) & IEC 831- 2 (1995-12)

Rated voltage 415/440 V (O ther ratings on request)

O vervoltage U n C ontinous

U n + 15 % (up to 12 hours daily)



U n + 30 % (up to 1 minute)

A s per IEC clause 20.1.

O vercurrent 2 In at 1.....15 C n combined with

over voltage and presence of

harmonics as per IEC clause 21.


No of phases Single (or)Three

C apacitance tolerance - 5% to 15%


Test voltage, terminal / case 3.....6 kV A C


Losses Total < 0.5 W / kVA r

D ielectric < 0.2 W / kVA r

D egree of protection IP 31

A mb ient temp era ture categor - 25 / D (M aximum 55 deg C )

M aximum permissible alti tude 2000m above mean sea level

M ounting position Vertical with terminals upwards

Safety features Self healing with PSD

Pressure Sensitive D isconnector



D ielectric C ombination of C apacitor tissue

paper and bi-axially oriented

Polypropylene Film

Impregnant Non-PC B bio-degradable impregnant.


Electrodes Special double side vacuum

deposited metal coating

M D-XL C apacitor unit

21


25/72

THREE PHA SE CA PTHREE PHA SE CA PTHREE PHA SE CA PTHREE PHA SE CA PTHREE PHA SE CA PA C I TO RS ,M D -XL TA C I TO RS ,M D -XL TA C I TO RS ,M D -XL TA C I TO RS ,M D -XL TA C I TO RS ,M D -XL Type. Rated Vype. Rated Vype. Rated Vype. Rated Vype. Rated Voltage 415/440Voltage 415/440Voltage 415/440Voltage 415/440Voltage 415/440VAC , 50 Hz, D elta Conn.AC , 50 Hz, D elta C onn.AC , 50 Hz, D elta Conn.AC , 50 Hz, D elta C onn.AC , 50 Hz, D elta C onn.

O uput,Q nO uput,Q nO uput,Q nO uput,Q nO uput,Q n InInInInIn O rderingO rderingO rderingO rderingO rdering InInInInIn O rderingO rderingO rderingO rderingO rdering D imensions of unit D imensions of unit D imensions of unit D imensions of unit D imensions of unit Ref.Ref.Ref.Ref.Ref.

K VK VK VK VK VA rA rA rA rA r at 415Vat 415Vat 415Vat 415Vat 415V C ode forC ode forC ode forC ode forC ode for at 440Vat 440Vat 440Vat 440Vat 440V C ode forC ode forC ode forC ode forC ode for Fig.Fig.Fig.Fig.Fig.

A m p sA m p sA m p sA m p sA m p s 415 V415 V415 V415 V415 V A m p sA m p sA m p sA m p sA m p s 440 V440 V440 V440 V440 V DDDDD H 1H 1H 1H 1H 1 H 2H 2H 2H 2H 2 H 3H 3H 3H 3H 3

7.5 10.43 61M 3075A 3 9.84 61M 3075B3 94 283 391 80 7.8

10 13.91 61M 3100A 3 13.12 61M 3100B3 94 283 391 80 7.8

12.5 17.39 61M 3125A 3 16.4 61M 3125B3 94 283 391 80 7.8

15 20.87 61M 3150A 3 19.68 61M 3150B3 154 283 391 80 7.8

20 27.82 61M 3200A 3 26.24 61M 3200B3 154 283 391 80 7.8

25 34.78 61M 3250A 3 32.80 61M 3250B3 154 283 391 80 7.8

22

FIG 7.8


26/72

Technical Data

M D Type Capacitor unit

Series 16 F

Type MD

Standards IS 2834-1986 / IS 13585 -1994

Rated voltage 415/440 V ( Other ratings on request)

Overvoltage Un Continous

Un + 15 % (up to 12 hours daily)

Un + 20 % (up to 30 minutes daily)


Un + 30 % (up to 1 minute)

Any overvoltage >1.15 Un shall not occur

more than 200 times in the Capacitors

life. As per IS 13585 clause 6.1.1

Overcurrent 1.43 In at 1.1 Cn combined with

overvoltage and presence of Harmonics.

As per clause 6.2 of IS 13585


No of phases Single (or) Three

Capacitance tolerance - 5% to + 10%

Test voltage, terminal / terminal 2.15 .Un

Test voltage, terminal / case 3.6 kV AC

(insulation level)


Losses(total) < 2.5 W / kVArDegree of protection IP 31

Ambient temperature category - 25 / D (Maximum 55 deg C)

Maximum permissible altitude 2000m above mean sea level

Mounting position Vertical with terminals upwards

Safety features Internal Fuses

(Operation co-ordinated with case

- rupture characteristics to avoid bursting)

Container type M.S.Sheet Metal

Finish Enamel Paint finish.

Dielectric Combination of Capacitor tissue paper

and bi-axially oriented Polypropylene Film

Impregnant Non-PCB bio-degradable impregnant.

Discharge Device Discharge Resistor

Electrodes High purity, annealed aluminium

condensor foil

23


27/72

FIG 7.9

16F Capacitor UnitTHREE PHASE CAPACITORS, MD Type. Rated Voltage 415/440VAC, 50 Hz, Delta Conn.

O utputO utputO utputO utputO utput InInInInIn O rderingO rderingO rderingO rderingO rdering InInInInIn O rderingO rderingO rderingO rderingO rdering D imensions of unit D imensions of unit D imensions of unit D imensions of unit D imensions of unit Ref.Ref.Ref.Ref.Ref.

K VK VK VK VK VA rA rA rA rA r at 415Vat 415Vat 415Vat 415Vat 415V C ode forC ode forC ode forC ode forC ode for at 440Vat 440Vat 440Vat 440Vat 440V C ode forC ode forC ode forC ode forC ode for FO R 415 VFO R 415 VFO R 415 VFO R 415 VFO R 415 V FO R 440V FO R 440V FO R 440V FO R 440V FO R 440V Fig.Fig.Fig.Fig.Fig.

A m p sA m p sA m p sA m p sA m p s 415 V415 V415 V415 V415 VA CA CA CA CA C A m p sA m p sA m p sA m p sA m p s 440 V440 V440 V440 V440 VA CA CA CA CA C WWWWW W 1W 1W 1W 1W 1 H 1H 1H 1H 1H 1 H 2H 2H 2H 2H 2 H 1H 1H 1H 1H 1 H 2H 2H 2H 2H 2

10 13.91 16F3100A 3 13.12 16F3100B3 350 325 156 236 138 218 7.9

12.5 17.39 16F3125A 3 16.4 16F3125B3 350 325 179 259 167 247 7.9

15 20.87 16F3150A 3 19.68 16F3150B3 350 325 216 296 189 269 7.9

20 27.82 16F3200A 3 26.24 16F3200B3 350 325 280 360 244 324 7.9

25 34.78 16F3250A 3 32.80 16F3250B3 350 325 325 405 300 380 7.9

24


28/72

Technical Data

Series 20 F

Type FF

Standards IS 2834-1986 / IS 13585 -1994

Rated voltage 415/440 V ( Other ratings on request)

Overvoltage Un Continous

Un + 15 % (up to 12 hours daily)



Un + 30 % (up to 1 minute)

Any overvoltage >1.15 Un shall not occur

more than 200 times in the Capacitors life.

As per IS 13585 clause 6.1.1

Overcurrent 1.43 In at 1.1 Cn combined with over

voltage and presence of Harmonics.

As per clause 6.2 of IS 13585.


No of phases Single (or) Three

Capacitance tolerance - 5% to 10%

Test voltage, terminal / terminal 2.15 .Un

Test voltage, terminal / case 3.6 kV AC

(insulation level)

Peak transient overcurrent < 200 x In times rated current

Losses (total) < 1.0 W / kVAr

Degree of protection IP 31

Ambient temperature category - 25 / D (Maximum 55 deg C)

Maximum permissible altitude 2000m above mean sea level

Mounting position Vertical with terminals upwards

Safety features Internal Fuses

(Operation co-ordinated with case

- rupture characteristics to avoid bursting)

Container type M.S.Sheet Metal

Finish Enamel Paint finish.

Dielectric Bi-axially oriented hazy Polypropylene Film

Impregnant Non-PCB bio -degradable impregnant.

Discharge Device Discharge Resistor

Electrodes High purity,annealed aluminium

condensor foil

FF/AP P/AL L-PP C apacitor unit

25


29/72

FIG 7.10

O utputO utputO utputO utputO utput In , atIn , atIn , atIn , atIn , at O rderingO rderingO rderingO rderingO rdering In , atIn , atIn , atIn , atIn , at O rderingO rderingO rderingO rderingO rdering D imensions of unitD imensions of unitD imensions of unitD imensions of unitD i mensi ons of uni t Ref.Ref.Ref.Ref.Ref.

Q nQ nQ nQ nQ n 415V415V415V415V415V C ode forC ode forC ode forC ode forC ode for 440V440V440V440V440V C ode forC ode forC ode forC ode forC ode for FO R 415 V FO R 415 V FO R 415 V FO R 415 V FO R 415 V FO R 440V FO R 440V FO R 440V FO R 440V FO R 440V Fig.Fig.Fig.Fig.Fig.

K VK VK VK VK VA rA rA rA rA r AmpsAmpsAmpsAmpsAmps 415 V415 V415 V415 V415 V AmpsAmpsAmpsAmpsAmps 440 V440 V440 V440 V440 V WWWWW W1W1W1W1W1 H 1H 1H 1H 1H 1 H 2H 2H 2H 2H 2 WWWWW W1W1W1W1W1 H 1H 1H 1H 1H 1 H 2H 2H 2H 2H 2

10 13.91 20F3100A 3 13.12 20F3100B3 355 330 163 243 355 330 151 231 7.10

12.5 17.39 20F3125A 3 16.4 20F3125B3 355 330 196 276 355 330 180 260 7.10

15 20.87 20F3150A 3 19.68 20F3150B3 355 330 230 310 355 330 211 291 7.10

20 27.82 20F3200A 3 26.24 20F3200B3 355 330 288 368 355 330 266 346 7.10

25 34.78 20F3250A 3 32.80 20F3250B3 386 361 325 405 350 325 325 405 7.10

20F Capacitor UnitTHREE PHASE CAPACITORS, FF/APP/ALL PP Type. Rated Voltage 415/440VAC, 50 Hz, Delta Conn.

26


30/72

30 to 50 kVAr Capacitor Banks

27


31/72

O utput,O utput,O utput,O utput,O utput, UnitUnitUnitUnitUnit In , atIn , atIn , atIn , atIn , at O rderingO rderingO rderingO rderingO rdering In , atIn , atIn , atIn , atIn , at O rderingO rderingO rderingO rderingO rdering A l.A l.A l.A l.A l. Ref.Ref.Ref.Ref.Ref.

Q nQ nQ nQ nQ n C onfg.C onfg.C onfg.C onfg.C onfg. 415V415V415V415V415V C ode forC ode forC ode forC ode forC ode for 440V440V440V440V440V C ode forC ode forC ode forC ode forC ode for Bus BarBus BarBus BarBus BarBus Bar HHHHH Fig.Fig.Fig.Fig.Fig.

K VK VK VK VK VA rA rA rA rA r A m p sA m p sA m p sA m p sA m p s 415V415V415V415V415V A m p sA m p sA m p sA m p sA m p s 440V440V440V440V440V Size,mmSize,mmSize,mmSize,mmSize,mm

30 15+ 15 41.78 19M 3300A 3 39.41 19M 3300B3 25 x 6 410 7.11

35 20+ 15 48.75 19M 3350A 3 45.98 19M 3350B3 25 x 6 410 7.11

40 20+ 20 55.71 19M 3400A 3 52.55 19M 3400B3 25 x 6 410 7.11

45 20+ 25 62.28 19M 3450A 3 59.12 19M 3450B3 25 x 6 410 7.11

50 25+ 25 69.64 19M 3500A 3 65.68 19M 3500B3 25 x 6 410 7.11

THREE PHASE CAPACITOR BANKS, MPP-H Type. Rated voltage 415/440VAC,50Hz,Delta Conn.30 15+ 15 41.78 80M 3300A 3 39.41 80M 3300B3 25 x 6 480 7.11

35 20+ 15 48.75 80M 3350A 3 45.98 80M 3350B3 25 x 6 480 7.11

40 20+ 20 55.71 80M 3400A 3 52.55 80M 3400B3 25 x 6 480 7.11

45 20+ 25 62.28 80M 3450A 3 59.12 80M 3450B3 25 x 6 480 7.11

50 25+ 25 69.64 80M 3500A 3 65.68 80M 3500B3 25 x 6 480 7.11

THREE PHASE CAPACITOR BANKS,MD-XL Type. Rated voltage 415/440VAC,50Hz,Delta Conn.

30 15+ 15 41.78 61M 3300A 3 39.41 61M 3300B3 25 x 6 480 7.11

35 20+ 15 48.75 61M 3350A 3 45.98 61M 3350B3 25 x 6 480 7.11

40 20+ 20 55.71 61M 3400A 3 52.55 61M 3400B3 25 x 6 480 7.11

45 20+ 25 62.28 61M 3450A 3 59.12 61M 3450B3 25 x 6 480 7.11

50 25+ 25 69.64 61M 3500A 3 65.68 61M 3500B3 25 x 6 480 7.11

THREE PHASE CAPACITOR BANKS, MPP-S Type. Rated voltage 415/440VAC,50Hz,Delta Conn.

28

FIG 7.11


32/72


29


33/72

O utput,O utput,O utput,O utput,O utput, UnitUnitUnitUnitUnit In , atIn , atIn , atIn , atIn , at O rderingO rderingO rderingO rderingO rdering In , atIn , atIn , atIn , atIn , at O rderingO rderingO rderingO rderingO rdering A l.A l.A l.A l.A l. For 415 VFor 415 VFor 415 VFor 415 VFor 415 V For 440 VFor 440 VFor 440 VFor 440 VFor 440 V Ref.Ref.Ref.Ref.Ref.

Q nQ nQ nQ nQ n C onfirn.C onfirn.C onfirn.C onfirn.C onfirn. 415V415V415V415V415V C ode forC ode forC ode forC ode forC ode for 440V440V440V440V440V C ode forC ode forC ode forC ode forC ode for Bus BarBus BarBus BarBus BarBus Bar Fig.Fig.Fig.Fig.Fig.

K VK VK VK VK VA rA rA rA rA r AmpsAmpsAmpsAmpsAmps 415V415V415V415V415V AmpsAmpsAmpsAmpsAmps 440V440V440V440V440V Size,mmSize,mmSize,mmSize,mmSize,mm DDDDD HHHHH DDDDD HHHHH

30 15+ 15 41.78 16F3300A 3 39.41 16F3300B3 25 x 6 350 411 355 384 7.12

40 20+ 20 55.71 16F3400A 3 52.55 16F3400B3 25 x 6 350 475 355 439 7.12

50 25+ 25 69.64 16F3500A 3 65.68 16F3500B3 25 x 6 350 520 355 495 7.12

16F Banks

THREE PHASE CAPACITOR BANKS,MD Type. Rated voltage 415/440VAC,50Hz,Delta Conn.

30 15 x 2 41.78 20F3300A 3 39.41 20F3300B3 25 x 6 355 425 355 406 7.12

40 20 x 2 55.71 20F3400A 3 52.55 20F3400B3 25 x 6 355 483 355 461 7.12

50 25 x 2 69.64 20F3500A 3 65.68 20F3500B3 25 x 6 386 520 350 520 7.12

20F BanksTHREE PHASE CAPACITOR BANKS,FF/APP/ ALL PP Type. Rated voltage 415/440VAC,50Hz,Delta Conn.

30

FIG 7.12


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31


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55 20+ 20+ 15 76.60 19M 3550A3 72.25 19M 3550B3 25 x 6 410 7.13

60 20+ 20+ 20 83.57 19M 3600A3 78.82 19M 3600B3 25 x 6 410 7.13

65 25+ 20+ 20 90.54 19M 3650A3 85.39 19M 3650B3 30 x 6 410 7.13

75 25+ 25+ 25 104.46 19M 3750A 3 98.53 19M 3750B3 30 x 6 410 7.13

THREE PHASE CAPACITOR BANKS, MPP-H Type. Rated voltage 415/440VAC,50Hz,Delta Conn.

55 20+ 20+ 15 76.60 80M 3550A 3 72.25 80M 3550B3 25 x 6 480 7.13

60 20+ 20+ 20 83.57 80M 3600A 3 78.82 80M 3600B3 25 x 6 480 7.13

65 25+ 20+ 20 90.54 80M 3650A 3 85.39 80M 3650B3 30 x 6 480 7.13

75 25+ 25+ 25 104.46 80M 3750A 3 98.53 80M 3750B3 30 x 6 480 7.13

55 20+ 20+ 15 76.60 61M 3550A 3 72.25 61M 3550B3 25 x 6 480 7.13

60 20+ 20+ 20 83.57 61M 3600A 3 78.82 61M 3600B3 25 x 6 480 7.13

65 25+ 20+ 20 90.54 61M 3650A 3 85.39 61M 3650B3 30 x 6 480 7.13

75 25+ 25+ 25 104.46 61M 3750A 3 98.53 61M 3750B3 30 x 6 480 7.13


32

FIG 7.13


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33


37/72



K VK VK VK VK VA rA rA rA rA r AmpsAmpsAmpsAmpsAmps 415V415V415V415V415V AmpsAmpsAmpsAmpsAmps 440V440V440V440V440V Size,mmSize,mmSize,mmSize,mmSize,mm DDDDD HHHHH DDDDD HHHHH

45 15 x 3 62.68 16F3450A 3 59.12 16F3450B3 25 x 6 350 411 355 384 7.14

60 20 x 3 83.57 16F3600A 3 78.82 16F3600B3 25 x 6 350 475 355 439 7.14

75 25 x 3 104.46 16F3750A 3 98.53 16F3750B3 30 x 6 350 520 355 495 7.14

45 15 x 3 62.68 20F3450A 3 59.12 20F3450B3 25 x 6 355 425 355 406 7.14

60 20 x 3 83.57 20F3600A 3 78.82 20F3600B3 25 x 6 355 483 355 461 7.14

75 25 x 3 104.46 20F3750A 3 98.53 20F3750B3 30 x 6 386 520 350 520 7.14

16F BanksTHREE PHASE CAPACITOR BANKS,MD Type. Rated voltage 415/440VAC,50Hz,Delta Conn.

20F BanksTHREE PHASE CAPACITOR BANKS,FF/APP/ALL PP Type. Rated voltage 415/440VAC,50Hz,Delta Conn.

34

FIG 7.14


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35


39/72




80 20+ 20+ 20+ 20 111.43 19M 3800A3 105.10 19M 3800B3 50 x 6 410 7.15

85 25+ 20+ 20+ 20 118.39 19M 3850A3 111.66 19M 3850B3 50 x 6 410 7.15

90 25+ 25+ 20+ 20 125.36 19M 3900A3 118.23 19M 3900B3 50 x 6 410 7.15

95 25+ 25+ 25+ 20 132.32 19M 3950A3 124.80 19M 3950B3 50 x 6 410 7.15

100 25+ 25+ 25+ 25 139.28 19M 3X10A 3 131.37 19M 3X10B3 50 x 6 410 7.15


80 20+ 20+ 20+ 20 111.43 80M 3800A 3 105.10 80M 3800B3 50 x 6 480 7.15

85 25+ 20+ 20+ 20 118.39 80M 3850A 3 111.66 80M 3850B3 50 x 6 480 7.15

90 25+ 25+ 20+ 20 125.36 80M 3900A 3 118.23 80M 3900B3 50 x 6 480 7.15

95 25+ 25+ 25+ 20 132.32 80M 3950A 3 124.80 80M 3950B3 50 x 6 480 7.15

100 25+ 25+ 25+ 25 139.28 80M 3X00A 3 131.37 80M 3X00B3 50 x 6 480 7.15

THREE PHASE CAPACITOR BANKS, MPP-H Type. Rated voltage 415/440VAC,50Hz,Delta Conn.


80 20+ 20+ 20+ 20 111.43 61M 3800A 3 105.10 61M 3800B3 50 x 6 480 7.15

85 25+ 20+ 20+ 20 118.39 61M 3850A 3 111.66 61M 3850B3 50 x 6 480 7.15

90 25+ 25+ 20+ 20 125.36 61M 3900A 3 118.23 61M 3900B3 50 x 6 480 7.15

95 25+ 25+ 25+ 20 132.32 61M 3950A 3 124.80 61M 3950B3 50 x 6 480 7.15

100 25+ 25+ 25+ 25 139.28 61M 3X00A 3 131.37 61M 3X00B3 50 x 6 480 7.15

36

FIG 7.15


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37


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FIG 7.16

16F BanksTHREE PHASE CAPACITOR BANKS,MD Type. Rated voltage 415/440VAC,50Hz,Delta Conn.



K VK VK VK VK VA rA rA rA rA r 415V415V415V415V415V 440V440V440V440V440V Size,mmSize,mmSize,mmSize,mmSize,mm DDDDD HHHHH DDDDD HHHHH

80 20 x 4 111.43 16F3800A 3 105.10 16F3800B3 50 x 6 350 475 355 439 7.16

100 25 x 4 139.28 16F3X00A 3 131.37 16F3X00B3 50 x 6 350 520 355 495 7.16

20F BanksTHREE PHASE CAPACITOR BANKS,FF/APP/ALL PP Type. Rated voltage 415/440VAC,50Hz,Delta Conn.

80 20 x 4 111.43 20F3800A 3 105.10 20F3800B3 50 x 6 355 483 355 461 7.16

100 25 x 4 139.28 20F3X00A 3 131.37 20F3X00B3 50 x 6 386 520 350 520 7.16

38


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NEED FOR AUTOMATIC POWER

FACTOR CORRECTION

M odern Power networks cater to a

wide variety of electrical and power

electronic loads, which create a

varying power demand on the supply

system. In case of such varying

loads, the power factor also varies asa function of the load requirements. It

therefore becomes practically difficult

to maintain a consistent power factor

by the use of Fixed C ompensation i.e.

fixed capacitors which shall need to

be manually switched to suit the

variations of the load. This will lead to

situations where the installation can

have a low power factor leading to

higher demand charges and levy of

power factor penalties.

In addition to not being able toachieve the desired power factor it is

also possible that the use of fixed

compensation can also result in

leading power factor under certain

load conditions. This is also

unhealthy for the installation as it can

result in over voltages, saturation of

transformers, mal-operation of diesel

generating sets, penalties by

electricity supply authorities etc.

C onsequently the use of fixed

compensation has limitations in this

context.

It is therefore necessary to

automatically vary, without manual

intervention, the compensation to suit

the load requirements.

This is achieved by using an

Automatic Power Factor

C orrection(A PFC ) system which can

ensure consistently high power factor,

without any manual intervention. In

addition, the occurrence of leading

power factor will be prevented.

8.1. IntellVAr APFC Technology

M E H E RM E H E RM E H E RM E H E RM EH ER manufactures a wide range

of A utomatic Power Factor C orrection

Products named as IntellVAr

( Intelligent Volt Ampere reactive

compensation )

IntellVAr APFC products are fully

automatic in operation and can be

used to achieve:

C onsistently high power factor

under fluctuating load conditions.

Elimination of low power factor

penalty levied by electrical supply

authorities.

Reduced kVA demand charges.

Lower energy consumption in the

installation by reducing losses.

Prevention of leading power factor

in an installation

Table 8.1 gives a brief overview of

IntellVAr products.

The basic operation of the IntellVThe basic operation of the IntellVThe basic operation of the IntellVThe basic operation of the IntellVThe basic operation of the IntellVA rA rA rA rA r

is as follows:is as follows:is as follows:is as follows:is as follows:

To continuously sense and

monitor the load conditions by the

use of the external CT (whose

output is fed to the C ontrol Relay)

To automatically switch O N and

switch O FF relevant C apacitor

steps to ensure consistent power

factor.

To ensure easy user interface for

enabling reliable understanding

of system operation, such as

display of real time power factor,

number of switching operations

carried out etc.

To protect against any electrical

faults in a manner that will ensure

safe isolation of the power factor

correction equipment.

8. IntellVAr APFC TECHNOLOGY & TYPES

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The principle of operation of IntellVAr products is shown in fig 8.1

Fig 8.1

SALIENT FEATURES OF IntellVAr

M odular design which allows easy

handling by the user and also

capable of being extended/

upgraded.

The incoming switchgear provided

has 50 kA fault interrupting

capabi lity.

C opper bus bar system suitable for

withstanding 50 kA fault current.

M inimal jointing in all the

connections to ensure better

reliability and lower losses.

Switchgear used such as

contactors, switch disconnector

fuses, M C C Bs etc. conform to the

latest Indian and International

Standards.

U se of special connecting cables

suitable for high temperature

withstand.

Flush mounted meters to indicate

line voltages and currents.

Advanced microprocessor relay

with communication capabilities.

U se of M PP -H/M D -XL/FF(APP ) type

capacitors.

C hoice of constructional designs

such as fuseless,

compartmentalised etc.

U ser friendly and aesthetically

designed enclosure, vermin and

dust protection.

Wide variety of output steps due to

well engineered design (refer

table - 8.2)

Table 8.1

Table - 8.2

Output Matrix of 200 kVAr, Output steps (16 x 12.5),

3 Ph , 50 Hz, IntellVAr APFC

O utputO utputO utputO utputO utput Stage 1Stage 1Stage 1Stage 1Stage 1 Stage 2Stage 2Stage 2Stage 2Stage 2 Stage 3Stage 3Stage 3Stage 3Stage 3 Stage 4Stage 4Stage 4Stage 4Stage 4 Stage 5Stage 5Stage 5Stage 5Stage 5 Stage 6Stage 6Stage 6Stage 6Stage 6 TTTTTotalotalotalotalotal

Step N o:Step No:Step N o:Step No:Step No: 12.5 kV12.5 kV12.5 kV12.5 kV12.5 kVA rA rA rA rA r 12.5 kV12.5 kV12.5 kV12.5 kV12.5 kVA rA rA rA rA r 25 kV25 kV25 kV25 kV25 kVA rA rA rA rA r 50 kV50 kV50 kV50 kV50 kVA rA rA rA rA r 50 kV50 kV50 kV50 kV50 kVA rA rA rA rA r 50 kV50 kV50 kV50 kV50 kVA rA rA rA rA r O utputO utputO utputO utputO utput

Sl NoSl NoSl NoSl NoSl No P R O D U C TP R O D U C TP R O D U C TP R O D U C TP R O D U C T I N C O M E RI N C O M E RI N C O M E RI N C O M E RI N C O M E R C O N T R O LC O N T R O LC O N T R O LC O N T R O LC O N T R O L D E S C R I P T I O ND E S C R I P T I O ND E S C R I P T I O ND E S C R I P T I O ND E S C R I P T I O N

11111 IntellVIntellVIntellVIntellVIntellVA rA rA rA rA r-S-S-S-S-S SD F / M CC BSDF / M CC BSD F / M CC BSDF / M CC BSD F / M CC B Auto / Auto + M anualA uto / Auto + M anualAuto / Auto + M anualA uto / Auto + M anualAuto / A uto + M anual Standard V ersionStandard V ersionStandard V ersionStandard V ersionStandard V ersion

22222 IntellVIntellVIntellVIntellVIntellVA rA rA rA rA r-F-F-F-F-F M C C BM C C BM C C BM C C BM C C B Auto / Auto + M anualAuto / Auto + M anualAuto / Auto + M anualAuto / Auto + M anualAuto / A uto + M anual Fuseless VersionFuseless VersionFuseless VersionFuseless VersionFuseless Version

33333 IntellVIntellVIntellVIntellVIntellVA rA rA rA rA r-C-C-C-C-C SD F / M CC BSDF / M CC BSD F / M CC BSDF / M CC BSD F / M CC B Auto / Auto + M anualA uto / Auto + M anualAuto / Auto + M anualA uto / Auto + M anualAuto / A uto + M anual C ompartmentalised Version (A vailab le on request)C ompartmentalised Version (A vailab le on request)C ompartmentalised Version (A vailab le on request)C ompartmentalised Version (A vailab le on request)C ompartmentalised Version (A vailab le on request)

44444 IntellVIntellVIntellVIntellVIntellVA rA rA rA rA r-D-D-D-D-D SD F / M CC BSD F / M CC BSD F / M CC BSD F / M CC BSD F / M CC B A utomaticA utomaticA utomaticA utomaticA utomatic D ynamic Com pensation ( Thyristor Switched) V ersionD ynamic C ompensation (T hyristor Switched) VersionD ynamic Com pensation ( Thyristor Switched) V ersionD ynamic C ompensation (T hyristor Switched) VersionD ynamic C ompensation (T hyristor Switched) Version

1 O N - - - - - 12.5

2 O N O N - - - - 25

3 - O N O N - - - 37.5

4 - - - O N - - 50

5 O N - - O N - - 62.5

6 - - O N O N - - 75

7 - O N O N O N - - 87.5

8 - - - O N O N - 100

9 O N - - O N O N - 112.5

10 - - O N O N O N - 125

11 - O N O N O N O N - 137.5

12 - - - O N O N O N 150

13 O N - - O N O N O N 162.5

14 - - O N O N O N O N 175

15 - O N O N O N O N O N 187.5

16 O N O N O N O N O N O N 200

40


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Catalogue Number Structure

for Automatic Power Factor Correction System (APFC)

Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Catalogue Number A 1 0 0 8 B 0 4 S M M

A = APFC

100 = kVAr

Eg.035 = 35 kVAr

300 = 300 kVAr

8 = Capacitor Type

Eg.

8 = MPP-H Capacitor6 = MD-XL Capacitor

2 = Film Foil Capacitor

B = System voltage at 50Hz

A = 415 V

B = 440 V

04 = Output Steps

Eg.

04 = 4 Output Steps12 = 12 Output Steps

S = IntellVAr Product Version

S = Stadard VersionF = Fuseless Version

C = Compartmentalised Version

D = Dynamic Compensation (Thyristor Switched) VersionH = Detuned Filter Version

M = Incoming Switchgear

S = SDF (Switch Disconnector Fuse)M = MCCB (Moulded Case Circuit Breaker)

A = ACB (Air Circuit Breaker)N = Without Incoming Switchgear

M= Type of Control

A = AutomaticM = Auto + Manual

C = Closed Loop

41


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8.2. Technical Data

Series IntellVA r-S, IntellVA r-F , IntellVA r-D

Type of C apacitors M PP-H , M D -XL, FF

Standards

C apacitors IS 2834 -1986, IEC 831-1, IEC 831-2

R eactor IS 5553, IEC 76 /3, VD E 0532

Switchgear

- C ontactors IS 13947 part 4 / sec-1

- Fuses IS 13924 part 1 & 2 , IS 9224 part 1 & 2, IEC 269, part 1 & 2.

- SD F IS 13947 part 3 , IEC 947 -3

- M C B IS 8828 part 2 , IEC 898.

- M C C B IS 13947 part 2 , IEC 947 -2

A PFC Relay C E

A PFC Panel IS 8623

Rated Voltage 440 V

No of Phases 3

Frequency (H z) 50

O vervoltage A s per above standards

O vercurrent A s per above standards

Enclosure

M aterial Sheet Steel

Enclosure frame 9 - fold profiled

Rear panel 1.5 mm

D oors 2.0 mm

Paint D ipcoated primed and powder coated in texture RAL 7032

A pplication Indoor

D egree of protection IP42

A mbient temperature category - 25 / D (M ax 55 deg C )

Losses 2 W / kVAr

M ounting position 35 - 75 kVAr Wall mounting

100 - 300 kVA r Free standing floor mounting

Saftey features Short circuit protection

A dditional safety features Emergency push button

M aximum permissible altitude 2000m

Bus Bar Adaptor Technology 60 mm system technology

M ain busbar 30 x 10 tinned C u

Standard D IN 43671

Incoming Bus bar Aluminium

NH Bus mounting fuse base with grip cover

B us B ar S upport S M C , Silicon free, chlorine free

Temperature withstand 120 deg C

Standard U L 94-V0

Short ci rcui t wi thstand 50 kA

Standard features Voltmeter with selector switch, Ammeter with selector (not provided in

IntellVA r-D ) switch, Door interlock, R Y B indicating lamps,

Emergency push button.

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Software package includes selection of A PFC System and selection of fixed capacitors

in M icrosoft O ffice (EXC EL).

35 to 75 kVAr A PFC system

43


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8.3. IntellVAr Product Range

The detailed product listing is given in the tables below.

Table - 8.3

IntellVAr-S STANDARD APFC PANEL WITH MPP-H CAPACITORS , SDF INCOMER & AUTOMATIC CONTROL

Rated voltage 440 V / 50 Hz, Control Voltage 230 V / 50 Hz

K VK VK VK VK VA rA rA rA rA r O utputO utputO utputO utputO utput SwitchingSwitchingSwitchingSwitchingSwitching C at. No.Cat. No.C at. No.Cat. No.C at. No. IncomerIncomerIncomerIncomerIncomer Switching StagesSwitching StagesSwitching StagesSwitching StagesSwitching Stages DimensionsDimensionsDimensionsDimensionsDimensions

StepsStepsStepsStepsSteps sequencesequencesequencesequencesequence SD FSD FSD FSD FSD F 11111 22222 33333 44444 55555 66666 W x H x D ( mm)W x H x D ( mm)W x H x D ( mm)W x H x D ( mm)W x H x D ( mm)

35 7 x 5 1:2:4 A 0358B07SSA FN -100 5 10 20 - - - 800x1000x300

40 4 x 10 1:1:2 A 0408B04SSA FN -100 10 10 20 - - - 800x1000x300

40 8 x 5 1:2:2:3 A 0408B08SSA FN -100 5 10 10 15 - - 800x1000x300

50 5 x 10 1:2:2 A 0508B05SSA FN -100 10 20 20 - - - 800x1000x300

50 10 x 5 1:2:2:5 A 0508B10SSA FN -100 5 10 10 25 - - 800x1000x300

60 6 x 10 1:2:3 A 0608B06SSA FN -125 10 20 30 - - - 800x1000x300

60 12 x 5 1:2:4:5 A 0608B12SSA FN -125 5 10 20 25 - - 800x1000x300

75 6 x 12.5 1:2:3 A 0758B06SSA FN -200 12.5 25 37.5 - - - 800x1000x300

N ote :N ote :N ote :N ote :N ote :

1. If A PFC System with capacitors other

than M PP -H is required then, change the

dig it at position 5 of catalogue number.

(Refer C atalogue number structure page

number 41.)

Eg. The cat. no. of 35 kVAr AP FC Systemwith M PP -H type capacitors is

A0358BO 7SSA ( From Table 8.3).

The digit at postion number 5 for M D -XL

type capacitor is 6 as per catalogue

number structure. So the cat. no. of 35

kVA r AP FC System with M D-XL type

capacitors will be

A0356BO 7SSA

2. If APFC System rated for other

voltage is required then, change the digit

at position number 6 of catalogue

number. (R efer C atalogue number

structure page number 41).

Eg. T he cat. no. of 35 kVAr A PFC System

rated for 440 V is


The digi t at positon number 6 for 415 V

system is A as per catalogue number

structure. So the cat. no. of 35 kVA r APFCSystem rated for 415 V is

A 0358A O 7SSA

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Incomer with SDF

Indicating lamps for 3supply.

Emergency push button to switch-off the

panel.

A SS, VSS, A mmeter & Voltmeter for

indication.

M icro processor based conroller.

P linth for base.

C apacitor duty

contactor to limit the

inrush & reduce losses

A PFC System (A uto option only)A PFC System (A uto option only)A PFC System (A uto option only)A PFC System (A uto option only)A PFC System (A uto option only)

Incomer with SD F



panel.

M anual switching push buttons with

indicating lamps for that step.

A SS, VSS , A mmeter & Voltmeter for

indication.


A uto/M anual selector.

P linth for base.

C apacitor duty

contactor to limit the

inrush & reduce losses

AP FC System ( Auto+manual)AP FC System ( Auto+manual)AP FC System ( Auto+manual)AP FC System ( Auto+manual)AP FC System ( Auto+manual)

45


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IntellVAr-S, STANDARD APFC PANEL WITH MPP-H CAPACITORS, SDF INCOMER & AUTOMATIC CONTROLRated voltage 440 V / 50 Hz, Control Voltage 230 V / 50 Hz

K VK VK VK VK VA rA rA rA rA r O utputO utputO utputO utputO utput SwitchingSwitchingSwitchingSwitchingSwitching C at. No.C at. No.C at. No.C at. No.C at. No. IncomerIncomerIncomerIncomerIncomer Switching StagesSwitching StagesSwitching StagesSwitching StagesSwitching Stages DimensionsD imensionsDimensionsD imensionsDimensions

StepsStepsStepsStepsSteps sequencesequencesequencesequencesequence SD FSD FSD FSD FSD F 11111 22222 33333 44444 55555 66666 W x H x D (mm)W x H x D (mm)W x H x D (mm)W x H x D (mm)W x H x D (mm)

100 4 x 25 1:1:2 A 1008B04SSA FN -200 25 25 50 - - - 800x2000x600

100 8 x 12.5 1:1:2:4 A 1008B08SSA FN -200 12.5 12.5 25 50 - - 800x2000x600

100 10 x 10 1:2:2:5 A 1008B10SSA FN -200 10 20 20 50 - - 800x2000x600

125 5 x 25 1:2:2 A 1258B05SSA FN-250 25 50 50 - - - 800x2000x600

125 10 x 12.5 1:2:3:4 A 1258B10SSA FN -250 12.5 25 37,5 50 - - 800x2000x600

150 6 x 25 1:2:3 A 1508B06SSA FN-315 25 50 75 - - - 800x2000x600

150 12 x 12.5 1:1:2:4:4 A 1508B12SSA FN -315 12.5 12.5 25 50 50 - 800x2000x600

150 15 x 10 1:2:2:5:5 A 1508B15SSA FN -315 10 20 20 50 50 - 800x2000x600

175 7 x 25 1:2:4 A 1758B07SSA FN-400 25 50 100 - - - 800x2000x600

175 14 x 12.5 1: 1:2:4:6 A 1758B14SSA FN -400 12.5 12.5 25 50 75 - 800x2000x600

200 4 x 50 1:1:1:1 A 2008B04SSA FN -400 50 50 50 50 - - 800x2000x600

200 8 x 25 1:1:2:2:2 A 2008B08SSA FN -400 25 25 50 50 50 - 800x2000x600

200 16 x 12.5 1:1:2:4:4:4 A 2008B16SSA FN -400 12.5 12.5 25 50 50 50 800x2000x600

225 9 x 25 1:2:2:2:2 A 2258B09SSA FN -630 25 50 50 50 50 - 800x2000x600

225 18 x 12.5 1:1:2:4:4:6 A 2258B18SSA FN -630 12.5 12.5 25 50 50 75 800x2000x600

250 5 x 50 1:1:1:1:1 A 2508B05SSA FN -630 50 50 50 50 50 - 800x2000x600

250 10 x 25 1:1:2:2:2:2 A 2508B10SSA FN -630 25 25 50 50 50 50 800x2000x600

275 11 x 25 1:2:2:2:2:2 A 2758B11SSA FN -630 25 50 50 50 50 50 800x2000x600

300 6 x 50 1:1:1:1:1:1 A 3008B06SSA FN -630 50 50 50 50 50 50 800x2000x600

300 12 x 25 1:1:2:2:2:4 A 3008B12SSA FN -630 25 25 50 50 50 100 800x2000x600

Table - 8.4

N ote :N ote :N ote :N ote :N ote :

1. If A PFC System with capacitors other

M PP -H is required then, change the digi t

at position 5 of catalogue number. (R efer

catalogue number structure. Page

number 41)

Eg. The cat. no. of 100 kVAr A PFC System

with M PP -H type capacitors is


The dig it at position number 5 for M D -XL



kVA r AP FC System with M D -XL type

capacitors will be

A1006BO 4SSA

2. I f APFC System rated for other voltage

is required then, change the digit at

position number 6 of catalogue number.

(Refer catalogue number structure. Page

number 41)


rated for 440 V is


The digit at postion number 6 for 415 V


structure. So the cat. no. of 100kVAr

A PFC System rated for 415 V is

A 1008A O 4SSA

3. I f APFC System with incomer other than

SD F is required then, change the digit at

position 10 of catalogue number. ( Refer

catalogue number structure. P age

number 41)

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panel.


Incomer with M C C B.

Internal view of Fuseless AP FC system

M icro processor based controller

Indicating lamps for 3 supply

Emergency push button to disconnect all

capacitors

M C CB as incomer

Internal view of Fuseless AP FC system

Eg. T he cat. no. of 100 kVAr A PFC

System with SDF Incomer is

A1008BO 4SSA (From Table 8.4).The digited position number 10 for

M C C B incomer is M as per catalogue


kVAr A PFC System with M C C B I ncomer

will be

A1008BO 4SMA

4. If A PFC System other than automatic

control is required then, change the digit

at position number 11 of cat. no. ( Refer

catalogue number structure, page

number 41)

Eg. T he cat. no. of 100 kVA r AP FC System

with automatic control is

A1008BO 4SSA (From Table 8.4).

The d igit at postion number 11 for A uto +

M anual control is M. So the cat. no. of 100

kVA r AP FC System with automatic and

manual control will be

A1008BO 4SSM

A PFC System (A uto option only)A PFC System (A uto option only)A PFC System (A uto option only)A PFC System (A uto option only)A PFC System (A uto option only)

AP FC System ( Auto+manual)AP FC System ( Auto+manual)AP FC System ( Auto+manual)AP FC System ( Auto+manual)AP FC System ( Auto+manual)

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Table - 8.5

IntellVAr-F, FUSELESS APFC PANEL WITH MPP-H CAPACITORS , MCCB INCOMER & AUTOMATIC OPTIONRated voltage 440 V / 50 Hz, Control Voltage 230 V / 50 Hz

k Vk Vk Vk Vk VA rA rA rA rA r O utputO utputO utputO utputO utput SwitchingSwitchingSwitchingSwitchingSwitching C at. N o.C at. No.C at. N o.C at. No.C at. N o. IncomerIncomerIncomerIncomerIncomer Switching Stages Switching Stages Switching Stages Switching Stages Switching Stages D imensionsDimensionsD imensionsDimensionsDimensions

StepsStepsStepsStepsSteps sequencesequencesequencesequencesequence M C C BM C C BM C C BM C C BM C C B 11111 22222 33333 44444 55555 66666 W x H x D ( mm)W x H x D ( mm)W x H x D ( mm)W x H x D ( mm)W x H x D ( mm)

100 4 x 25 1:1:2 A 1008B04FM A D TH-200 25 25 50 - - - 800x2000x600

100 8 x 12.5 1:1:2:4 A 1008B08FM A D TH -200 12.5 12.5 25 50 - - 800x2000x600

100 10 x 10 1:2:2:5 A 1008B10FM A D TH-200 10 20 20 50 - - 800x2000x600

125 5 x 25 1:2:2 A 1258B05FM A D TH-250 25 50 50 - - - 800x2000x600

125 10 x 12.5 1:2:3:4 A 1258B10FM A D TH -250 12.5 25 37.5 50 - - 800x2000x600

150 6 x 25 1:2:3 A 1508B06FM A D TH-400 25 50 75 - - - 800x2000x600

150 12 x 12.5 1:1:2:4:4 A 1508B12FM A D TH -400 12.5 12.5 25 50 50 - 800x2000x600

150 15 x 10 1:2:2:5:5 A 1508B15FM A D TH-400 10 20 20 50 50 - 800x2000x600

175 7 x 25 1:2:4 A 1758B07FM A D TH-400 25 50 100 - - - 800x2000x600

175 14 x 12.5 1: 1:2:4:6 A1758B14FM A D TH -400 12.5 12.5 25 50 75 - 800x2000x600

200 4 x 50 1:1:1:1 A2008B04FM A D TH-400 50 50 50 50 - - 800x2000x600

200 8 x 25 1:1:2:2:2 A 2008B08FM A D TH-400 25 25 50 50 50 - 800x2000x600

200 16 x 12.5 1:1:2:4:4:4 A 2008B16FM A D TH -400 12.5 12.5 25 50 50 50 800x2000x600

225 9 x 25 1:2:2:2:2 A 2258B09FM A D TH-630 25 50 50 50 50 - 800x2000x600

225 18 x 12.5 1:1:2:4:4:6 A 2258B18FM A D TH -630 12.5 12.5 25 50 50 75 800x2000x600

250 5 x 50 1:1:1:1:1 A 2508B05FM A D TH-630 50 50 50 50 50 - 800x2000x600

250 10 x 25 1:1:2:2:2:2 A 2508B10FM A D TH-630 25 25 50 50 50 50 800x2000x600

275 11 x 25 1:2:2:2:2:2 A 2758B11FM A D TH-630 25 50 50 50 50 50 800x2000x600

300 6 x 50 1:1:1:1:1:1 A 3008B06FM A D TH-630 50 50 50 50 50 50 800x2000x600

300 12 x 25 1:1:2:2:2:4 A 3008B12FM A D TH-630 25 25 50 50 50 100 800x2000x600

N ote :N ote :N ote :N ote :N ote :1. If A PFC System with capacitors other

M PP -H is required then, change the digi t

at position 5 of catalogue number. (R efer

catalogue number structure. Page

number 41)


with M PP -H type capacitors is

A1008BO 4FM A ( From Table 8.5).

The dig it at position number 5 for M D -XL



kVA r AP FC System with M D-XL type

capacitors will be

A1006BO 4FMA

2. I f APFC System rated for other voltage

is required then, change the digit at

position number 6 of catalogue number.

(Refer catalogue number structure. Page

number 41)


rated for 440 V is

A1008BO 4FMA (From Table 8.5).

The digit at postion number 6 for 415 V


structure. So the cat. no. of 100 kVAr

APFC System rated for 415 V is

A 1008AO 4FMA

3. I f AP FC System other than automatic

control is required then, change the digit

at position number 11 of cat. no. ( Refer

catalogue number structure, page

number 41)

Eg. T he cat. no. of 100 kVA r AP FC System

with automatic control is

A1008BO 4FMA (From Table 8.5).

The digi t at postion number 11 for Auto +

M anual control is M. So the cat. no. of 100

kVA r AP FC System with automatic and

manual control will be

A1008BO 4FMM

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Automatic power factor correction for

normal fluctuating loads has already

been explained. However, there are

certain loads which demand, under

certain operating conditions, large

amount of reactive power for very

short duration of time.

Typical examples are :

Welding equipment

Injection moulding equipment Starting of large induction motors

Traction loads such as, lifting

cranes, elevators, lifts etc.

The large demand of reactive power

by such loads during operation can

cause:

Rapid voltage fluctuation

System instability

O versizing of electrical

installation since the kVA

capacity will have to be provided

for the maximum power

demand.

M alfunctioning of sensitive

electrical and electronic

equipment such as relays, PLC s

etc.

These ill-effects can be overcome by

injecting into the network defined

amount of reactive power at a very

fast rate which can meet the demand

of such loads.

C onventional power factor correction

systems using contactors as

switching devices cannot be used in

such cases as they will not have

sufficient speed of response to meet

the reactive power demand imposed

by such loads.

It is therefore necessary to use the

I ntellVAr-D type automatic power

factor correction system. This system

is a dynamic power factor correction

system in which the switching and

controlling devices used have a

response time in milliseconds.

8.4. IntellVAr-D Thyristor

Switched APFC

FIG 8.2

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The basic operation of the

IntellVAr-D is as follows: To continuously sense and monitor

the load conditions by the use of

the external C (whose output is fed

to the controller)

The switching devices used are

thyristors and the controller is a

Reactive Power Managment RPM Booklet

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