Re 1 Depar T a 4 Grad Introd and ch these (GAB inform Spectr MRSI which contrib and th Metho Medic consta assess reprod param to 8 sl TEavg using LCMo quanti (Figur betwe Result were s (Table Gln. O and 10 with T assess simila Refere 1. Guss 2. Harr 3. Nidd 4. Tsai 5. Hurd 6. Prov eproducibility rtment of Electroni aipei, Taiwan, 3 Lab duate Institute of Ap duction The cingulate c hronic pain [1,2, conditions but A), the major in mation about pat roscopic imaging I protocol based h is in almost the bution of Gln an he combination o ods Sixteen healthy cal Solutions, Er ant short TE (TE sment of within- ducibility . Initial meters were used lices of outer vo g, eight TEs wer single average f Standard post p odel [6]. Metabo ified using the w re 1). The conc en-week reprodu ts and Discussio Representative similar for the tw e 1). As expected Overall, COV for 0% for CC excep TEavg there wa sment of short-te ar performance o ence sew A, NeuroImag ris RE, Arthritis Rh dam DM, Am J Ga SY, MRM, 2008 d R, MRM, 2004 vencher SW, MRM Figur The R media (red) (green subjec y of glutamate ic Engineering, Na boratory of Integr pplied Physics, Na ortex (CC) in th ,3]. As the majo also as a mecha nhibitory neurot thological mech g (MRSI) metho on the PEPSI s e same spectral r nd in turn enhan of Glu and Gln (G subjects (7 mal rlangen, German E30) and (2) TE day reproducibi ly , a high-solutio : sagital PEPSI olume lipid suppr re used from 35 or automatic pha processing was p olite concentratio water-scaling m centrations and ucibility of TE30 on maps of metab wo protocols ex d, smaller CRLB r TE30 were less pt for Gln (~20% as no obvious d erm and long-ter on Glu but provid ge,2011 heum., 2009 astro., 2011 M, 1993 re1 ROIs of al wall and CC n) of one ct and glutamin Woan-Chyi W ational Taiwan Un ated Brain Resear ational Chengchi U he medial wall of or excitatory neu anism for drug ransmitter of th anisms and drug od that can be us sequence to dete range as Gln usi nce Glu in the sp Glx) was evalua les/ 9 females; m ny) with a 32-ch E average (TEa lity. Eight subje on 3D T1 image acquisition; 14m ression were app ms to 185 ms w ase correction an performed for th ons of N-Acetyl method. ROIs of Cramer-Rao Lo 0 and TEavg pro olite concentrati xcept for Gln, G B for Glu and hig s than 5% for the %), which is in a difference in Glu rm changes in b des more accurat ne quantificati Wang 1 , Yi-Ru Lin 1 , D niversity of Science rch, Department of University, Taipei, T f the brain is inv urotransmitter of intervention. G e brain. Quantif g dynamics. Pro sed to assess the ect Glu and Gln ing 1 H MRS, a s pectra [5]. Using ated with short-T mean±SD: 29.9± hannel head coi avg). All subjec ects returned for e was obtained fo mm slice thickne plied along the p with 20 ms incr nd calibration of he PEPSI data a Aspartate (NAA the entire med ower Bound (C otocols were asse ions and CRLB Glx and mI (Tabl gher CRLB for G e medial wall an ccordance with t u COV between brain metabolite te quantification Figure2 Concentration m and CRLB map metabolites from TE30 protocol ion in the cing imaging David M. Niddam e and Technology, f Medical Researc Taiwan, 5 Reasear T aipei, Taiwan volved in a wide f the brain, gluta lutamine (Gln) fication of the G oton Echo Plana distribution of b in CC in less th spectral editing m g this protocol, TE PEPSI and TE ±8.2; range: 21 to l array . The rep ts were scanned the same experi or localization o ess; 8 x 8 mm 2 in perimeter of the rements. An add f metabolic conc as described pre A), total Creatine ial wall and CC RLB) of all m essed by the coe from one subje le 1). The CRLB Gln were found w nd 8% for CC (T the CRLB result n the two protoc s of the medial n of Gln and othe maps ps of 7 m Table 1 T concentra gulate cortex u m 2,3 , and Shang-Yue Taipei, Taiwan, 2 B ch and Education, rch Center for Min e range of pathol amate (Glu) play is the precursor Glu and Gln met ar Spectroscopy brain metabolite than 10 minutes method based on the reproducibil Eavg PEPSI. o 49 years;) wer producibility of d twice on the iment around 2 of the medial wa n-plane resolutio brain. TE30 par ditional non-wate centrations. eviously [4]. Af e (tCr), Choline ( C were manually metabolites were efficient of varian ect are shown in B for NAA, tCr with TEavg indi T able 2). For TEa ts. It is notewort cols. In conclus wall. Compared er metabolites. The average and st ation and CRLB fo using proton e eh Tsai 4,5 Brain Research Ce Taipei Veterans G nd, Brain and Lear logical condition ys an important r of both Glu a tabolism in CC Imaging (PEPS es [4]. In this stu . To further imp n TE averaging lity of the metab re scanned on a MRSI was eval same day (with weeks later for ll and CC in the on; FOV=256 x rameters were T er suppression ( fter reconstructio (Cho), myo-Inos y selected on th calculated for nce (COV). n Figure 2. The r , and Cho were icating successfu avg, COVs were thy that although sion, the small d to the TEavg tandard deviation o or all 16 subjects. echo planar sp enter, National Yan General Hospital, T rning, National Ch ns including psy role not only in and Gamma-Am may therefore p SI) is a fast Mag udy , we propose prove the detecti (TEavg) were u bolite concentrat 3T MR system luated by 2 PEP hout leaving the the assessment e right hemispher 256 mm 2 ; and T TE = 30 ms and (NWS) PEPSI sc on, spectra were sitol (mI), Glu, G he individual an each ROI. The mean metaboli e less than 8% fo ul spectral editin e less than 6% fo h a better fit was COVs make PE protocol, the TE of Table 2 Within week COV of b pectroscopic ng-Ming Universit T aipei, Taiwan, hengchi University ychiatric disorder the pathology o mino Butyric aci provide importan gnetic Resonanc a 2-diemensiona ion of Glu alone used to reduce th tions of Glu, Gl (Trio, SIEMEN PSI protocols: (1 scanner) for th of between-wee re. The followin TR=1500 ms. U NEX = 8 and fo can was acquire e quantified wit Gln and Glx wer natomical image e within-day an ite concentration or both protocol ng/ suppression o or the medial wa s obtained for Gl EPSI suitable fo E30 protocol ha n-day and between both protocols. y, y, rs of id nt ce al e, he ln S 1) he ek ng Up or ed th re es nd ns ls of ll lu or ad - 1719 Proc. Intl. Soc. Mag. Reson. Med. 20 (2012)