ROSS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATES, INC. Hydrogeology, Water Quality, GIS Planning, Remediation, Contaminant Fate & Transport, Regulatory Compliance and Permitting, Environmental Site Assessments, and Radon Mitigation MAIN OFFICE ° P.O. Box 1533 ° Stowe, Vermont 05672 ° phone 802.253.4280 ° fax 802.253.4258 18 January 2016 Mr. Scott Oeschger D&C Transportation, Inc. 32 Railroad Avenue Orleans, Vermont 05860 [email protected]RE: Groundwater Sampling Results – December 2015 D&C Transportation Terminal – Newport, Vermont (SMS Site #2008-3792) Dear Mr. Oeschger: Ross Environmental Associates, Inc. (R.E.A.) has completed additional groundwater monitoring at the D&C Transportation Terminal located at 246 Bluff Road in Newport, Vermont (Figure 1 and 2, Attachment A). This work was completed as part of the semi-annual monitoring plan as requested by Mr. James Donaldson of the Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation (VT DEC). Current information indicates the presence of a dissolved-phase petroleum plume at the site and a separate dissolved-phase plume northwest of the site. In addition, the Vermont Groundwater Enforcement Standards (VGESs) for one or more volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been exceeded in groundwater beneath the site. Petroleum contamination appears to be migrating off-site based on data collected from MW-7, which is located approximately 110 feet downgradient of the bulk storage area. Tetrachloroethene (also known as perchloroethylene or PCE) was detected in the groundwater samples collected from MW-8 and MW-9R, which are located within the off-site dissolved-phase plume located northwest of the site. The source and the extent of the PCE contamination have not been determined. The findings of the December 2015 groundwater sampling event are summarized below: Two separate dissolved-phase plumes have been identified on or adjacent to the D&C Transportation property. The groundwater formation beneath the site has been impacted by petroleum compounds exceeding VGESs. Based on review of photo-ionization detector (PID) screening data during the implementation of the approved Corrective Action Plan (CAP), the remediation points were installed properly; SVE points were installed within the vadose zone at depths corresponding to PID readings between 11.2 and 712 ppmv, and the screened section of the sparge point was set below the contaminated zone. PCE was detected above the corresponding VGES in the samples collected from MW-8, and MW-9R which are located on the adjacent property to the north-northwest. During the May 2012 and May 2013 sampling events, an area of free-phase petroleum was detected in the vicinity of GT-1 and MW-3. Free-product thickness ranged between 0.08 and 1.3 feet. No free-phase petroleum was detected during this sampling event;
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ROSS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATES, INC.
Hyd r og eo l o g y , Wa t e r Qu a l i t y , G I S P l a n n i n g , R em ed i a t i o n ,
C on t am i n an t F a t e & T r a n sp o r t , R eg u l a t o r y C omp l i a n c e a n d
P e rm i t t i n g , E n v i r o nm en t a l S i t e A s s e s sm en t s , a n d R ad on M i t i g a t i o n
MA IN OFF I CE ° P .O . Bo x 1 5 3 3 ° S t ow e , V e rmo n t 0 5 67 2 ° p h o n e 8 0 2 . 2 5 3 . 4 28 0 ° f a x 8 0 2 . 2 53 . 4 2 5 8
18 January 2016
Mr. Scott Oeschger D&C Transportation, Inc. 32 Railroad Avenue Orleans, Vermont 05860 [email protected]
RE: Groundwater Sampling Results – December 2015 D&C Transportation Terminal – Newport, Vermont (SMS Site #2008-3792)
Dear Mr. Oeschger:
Ross Environmental Associates, Inc. (R.E.A.) has completed additional groundwater monitoring at the D&C Transportation Terminal located at 246 Bluff Road in Newport, Vermont (Figure 1 and 2, Attachment A). This work was completed as part of the semi-annual monitoring plan as requested by Mr. James Donaldson of the Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation (VT DEC).
Current information indicates the presence of a dissolved-phase petroleum plume at the site and a separate dissolved-phase plume northwest of the site. In addition, the Vermont Groundwater Enforcement Standards (VGESs) for one or more volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been exceeded in groundwater beneath the site. Petroleum contamination appears to be migrating off-site based on data collected from MW-7, which is located approximately 110 feet downgradient of the bulk storage area. Tetrachloroethene (also known as perchloroethylene or PCE) was detected in the groundwater samples collected from MW-8 and MW-9R, which are located within the off-site dissolved-phase plume located northwest of the site. The source and the extent of the PCE contamination have not been determined.
The findings of the December 2015 groundwater sampling event are summarized below:
� Two separate dissolved-phase plumes have been identified on or adjacent to the D&C Transportation property.
� The groundwater formation beneath the site has been impacted by petroleum compounds exceeding VGESs.
� Based on review of photo-ionization detector (PID) screening data during the implementation of the approved Corrective Action Plan (CAP), the remediation points were installed properly; SVE points were installed within the vadose zone at depths corresponding to PID readings between 11.2 and 712 ppmv, and the screened section of the sparge point was set below the contaminated zone.
� PCE was detected above the corresponding VGES in the samples collected from MW-8, and MW-9R which are located on the adjacent property to the north-northwest.
� During the May 2012 and May 2013 sampling events, an area of free-phase petroleum was detected in the vicinity of GT-1 and MW-3. Free-product thickness ranged between 0.08 and 1.3 feet. No free-phase petroleum was detected during this sampling event;
Mr. Scott Oeschger 18 January 2016
Groundwater Monitoring Results – December 2015 Page 2
� however dissolved-phase concentrations indicative of free-phase petroleum (>15,000 micrograms per liter) were detected in the samples collected from MW-3 and MW-11.
� No volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were detected above laboratory method detection limits in the samples collected MW-6 and MW-12 which are located to the west and northwest of the bulk storage facility, respectively.
� Depth to water ranged between 15.38 (GT-1) and 18.15 (MW-12) feet below ground surface (bgs) during the December 2015 sampling event.
� Visual inspection of the nearby storm-water catch basin did not indicate the presence of petroleum or PCE contamination; no odors were noted and the catch basin was dry at the time of the site visit.
Copies of site maps showing approximate monitoring well locations (Figure 3), ground water flow direction (Figure 4), and contaminant distribution (Figure 5) are included in Attachment A. Soil boring logs and well construction diagrams are included in Attachment B. Tables summarizing ground-water elevation data (Table 1), ground water analytical results (Table 2) and field measurement data (Table 3) are included in Attachment C. Time-series graphs for water quality data are included in Attachment D, and laboratory analytical reports are included in Attachment E.
Site Location and Setting
The subject property is occupied by a bulk petroleum storage facility that is primarily used to store fuel oil, kerosene, and diesel fuel to fill delivery trucks. The facility consists of five above ground storage tanks (ASTs), one pedal truck fill station, and one tank fill station. The property is located along the eastern side of Bluff Road in Newport, Vermont (Figure 1 & 2, Attachment A). Drinking water for the site is provided by the City of Newport municipal water system (WSID #5202). Wastewater disposal for the area is provided by the City of Newport municipal system. The five vertical storage ASTs are composed of welded carbon steel and their capacities and contents are as follows:
� Tank #1: 200,000-gallon No. 2 Fuel Oil aboveground vertical storage tank (AST);
� Tank #2: 20,000-gallon Dyed ULS Diesel AST;
� Tank #3: 20,000-gallon No. 2 Fuel Oil AST;
� Tank #4: 30,000-gallon Dyed ULS Diesel AST; and
� Tank #5: 30,000-gallon Dyed Kerosene AST
The ground surface at the site is relatively flat with the general area sloping to the northwest. The average elevation is 218 feet above mean sea level (Maptech, 1998). The geographic coordinates of the site are: latitude 44o 56’ 59.32” N and longitude 72o 12’ 03.60’’ W.
The surficial geology in the vicinity of the site is mapped as littoral sediment consisting of well sorted sand with no pebbles or boulders (Stewart and MacClintock, 1970). Bedrock in the area is mapped as the Waits River Formation including the Ayers Cliff limestone member (DSwac), which consists of siliceous crystalline limestone containing thin beds of slate and phyllite, and the carbonaceous phyllite and limestone member (DSw), which consists of dark-gray to silvery-gray, lustrous, carbonaceous muscovite-biotite-quartz phyllite. (Ratcliffe et al, 2011).
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Groundwater Monitoring Results – December 2015 Page 3
Site History
According to Mr. Scott Oeschger, the Bluff Road facility was owned by C&O Oil Company in the 1960s and 1970s. Sometime during the 1970s their name changed to Cray Oil Company. The 200,000 gallon (tank # 1) and 30,000 gallon tanks (tank # 4 & 5) were installed at the site in 1978. Previously, there was an older facility dating back prior to 1970. Mr. Oeschger indicated that D & C Transportation purchased the facility in 1985 and installed both of the 20,000 gallon tanks (tank # 2 & 3) in 1999. Mr. Oeschger also stated that at some time in the ten years prior to 2008, gasoline was stored on site. No known releases of reportable quantities have occurred on-site. In January of 2008, R.E.A. was hired by Mr. Oeschger to perform geotechnical borings and assess soil and groundwater conditions at the site. During completion of the geotechnical soil borings in March 2008, petroleum contamination was discovered above VT DEC guidelines. At that time, the VT DEC was notified of the findings and additional soil borings/monitoring wells were completed.
The ISI indicated that soil and groundwater beneath the site had been impacted by petroleum compounds. Photo-ionization detector (PID) readings on soil samples collected from the borings ranged between 0.0 and 2,468 ppmv, which is above the VT DEC Action Level. The highest PID readings were found in soil samples collected from MW-3 and GT-1, which are in the direct vicinity and directly downgradient of the pedal truck fill station. In addition, benzene was detected above the U.S. EPA Regional 9 Preliminary Remediation Goals (PRG)1 for soil in an industrial area in the soil sample collected from GT-1. No other PRGs were exceeded in either soil sample and none of the U.S. EPA Region 3 Risk Based Concentrations (RBCs) for soil in industrial areas were exceeded. Several VOCs, characteristic of petroleum contamination, were also detected in the groundwater samples collected from MW-3 and GT-1. No VOCs were detected in the groundwater samples collected from monitoring wells MW-2 and GT-3, which are located within the existing secondary containment system. Information collected during the ISI indicated that the likely source of petroleum contamination is related to spills associated with the filling of trucks at the pedal truck fill station.
In July 2008, R.E.A. provided oversight during the excavation of soils associated with footing construction for the new secondary containment system at the D & C Transportation Terminal. Soil samples from the excavation, which was a trench that extended along the north, west and east sides of the ASTs, were screened with a PID for the possible presence of VOCs. The excavation of soils to the south of the pedal truck fill station and to the northeast and east of the ASTs, revealed a decommissioned set of pipes that formerly transported fuel from the ASTs to the fill stations. Soils in the vicinity and downgradient of this piping system, on the northern and eastern side of the ASTs, had PID readings ranging from 0.4 to 1,510 ppmv, which is above the State of Vermont action limit of 10.0 ppmv. The soils screened to the west of the ASTs had PID readings of 0.0 ppmv.
In January/February 2009, R.E.A. performed a Soil Vapor Extraction (SVE) / Air Sparging (AS) pilot test and qualitatively evaluated several other remedial alternatives for the Site as part of a Corrective Action Feasibility Investigation (CAFI). Based on the results of the pilot study, SVE / AS appears to be the most viable technology for achieving the remedial objectives for the Site.
1 This data was collected as part of an investigation completed prior to the VT DEC adopting the Soil Screening
Values (SSVs) included in the Investigation and Remediation of Contaminated Properties Procedures (IROCP),
April 2012; therefore, the PRGs and RCBs are referenced from the original investigation.
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Groundwater Monitoring Results – December 2015 Page 4
Groundwater at the Site has been routinely monitored on a semi-annual basis and a Corrective Action Plan (CAP) originally submitted for approval by the VT DEC in November 2013 was approved in October 2015.
Land Use and Adjacent Property Ownership
The subject property is located in a residential and commercial area of Newport, Vermont. The adjacent properties to the north and east are commercial and the adjacent properties to the west are residential. The property to the northwest is occupied by a Masonic Lodge. Monitoring wells were installed on the residential properties to the west of the site, which include 211 and 231 Bluff Road and are owned by Ms. June Wheeler and Mr. Foster Whipple, respectively and on the property occupied by the Masonic Lodge. An aerial photograph shows adjacent property and site features (Figure 2, Attachment A)
CAP Implementation (Soil Boring and Monitoring Well Installation)
On 5 November 2015, R.E.A. provided oversight during the installation of two SVE points (SVE-2 & SVE-3), one air sparge point (AS-2) and one monitoring well (MW-9R) as part of the VT DEC approved CAP for the site. The SVE and sparge points are located within the dissolved-phase plume and the replacement monitoring well is located on the D&C Transportation property to the north. Soils encountered in the borings primarily consisted of medium sand with varying amounts of coarse sand, silt and clay. Groundwater was encountered at approximately sixteen feet bgs at the time of drilling. Petroleum odors were noted during installation of the SVE and sparge points, generally between five to fourteen feet bgs.
All of the remediation points and monitoring well were constructed using 2.0-inch diameter schedule 40 polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with flush threaded joints. Ten-foot sections of 0.01-inch factory-slotted well screen were used for the SVE points and monitoring well and a one-foot factory-slotted well screen was used for the sparge point. A solid section of PVC riser, extending to ground surface, was used to complete the remediation and monitoring points. A clean sand pack was placed around the screened section of the remediation and monitoring points extending one to two feet above the top of the screen, with a bentonite seal placed above the sand pack. A bentonite slurry was used to seal the open boring for the air sparge point between approximately two to 23 feet bgs. Flush-mounted road-box protective casings were installed over the monitoring wells. The monitoring well was developed after installation by removing eight to ten standing volumes of water using a peristaltic pump. Soil descriptions and monitoring well construction details are included on the soil boring logs in Attachment B. Technical Drilling Services (TDS) of Sterling, Massachusetts performed the soil borings and installed the remediation and monitoring points under direct supervision of an R.E.A field scientist.
Photo-ionization detector (PID) readings for the MW-9R soil boring were all 0.3 ppmv or less. The PID readings for the SVE points ranged from 11.2 to 712 ppmv between 5 to 14 feet bgs, which corresponds to the depths of the well screen placement. The PID readings for the AS-2 soil boring ranged between 0.0 and 1,170 ppmv with a general decreasing trend. The well screen for the air sparge point was set below the contaminated zone based on review of the PID screening data. PID screening results are included on the soil boring logs in Attachment B. R.E.A.’s Field Scientist screened soil samples from the soil borings for the possible presence of volatile organic compounds
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Groundwater Monitoring Results – December 2015 Page 5
(VOCs) using an IonScience PhoCheck Tiger portable PID. The PID was calibrated with an isobutylene standard gas to a benzene reference on the day of drilling.
Groundwater Elevations and Flow Direction
On 16 December 2015, groundwater flow in the unconfined surficial aquifer at the site was to the west-northwest. The estimated hydraulic gradient was approximately 1.6 percent between MW-10 and MW-7. Water-level measurements and elevation calculations for 16 December 2015 are presented in Table 1, Attachment B and the ground-water contour map prepared using this data is presented as Figure 4, Attachment A.
On 16 December 2015, the depth to ground-water ranged from 15.38 feet below ground surface (bgs) in GT-1 to 18.15 feet bgs in MW-12. Static water-table elevations were computed for each monitoring well by subtracting the corrected or measured depth-to-water readings from the surveyed top-of-casing (TOC) elevations, which are relative to an arbitrary site datum of 100.00 feet.
Ground Water Sampling & Analysis
Current information indicates the presence of two separate dissolved-phase plumes and a free-phase petroleum plume at the site. The highest total dissolved-phased petroleum concentrations (> 10,000 µg/L) were detected in GT-1, MW-3 and MW-11 located immediately downgradient of the pedal truck fill station. The petroleum concentrations appear to have initially decreased and more recently have stabilized with some minor fluctuations. An area of free-phase petroleum has been detected in the vicinity of GT-1 and MW-3 during previous sampling events, but no free product was detected in either well during this sampling event. A separate dissolved-phase plume, consisting primarily of PCE, is located off-site in the vicinity of MW-8, and MW-9R. The extent of the free-phase and dissolved-phase petroleum plumes appear to be well defined; but the extent and source of the PCE plume have not been determined.
The VGESs2 for one or more volatile compound were exceeded in the samples collected from MW-3, MW-7, MW-8, MW-9R, MW-10, MW-11 and GT-1 during the December 2015 sampling event. The contaminant pattern noted in monitoring wells MW-3, MW-7, MW-10, MW-11 and GT-1 is characteristic of petroleum associated with historic site operations. Tetrachloroethene (also known as PCE) was detected in the samples collected from MW-8 and MW-9R during the December 2015 sampling event, which is consistent with previous results. The presence of PCE in the area of MW-8 and MW-9R is from an unknown source and not believed to be connected to the contamination seen in other onsite monitoring wells.
No VOCs were detected in the trip blank collected during this sampling round. The analytical results for the blind field duplicate, collected from MW-10, were within the acceptable EPA criteria. The ground-water analytical results for the December 2015 sampling event are presented in Table 2, Attachment C. The contaminant distribution map for December 2015 prepared using this data is presented as Figure 5, Attachment A. Time-series graphs for the on-site monitoring wells are included in Attachment D, & copies of laboratory analytical reports are included in Attachment E.
2 The Vermont DEC has established groundwater enforcement standards for VOC contaminants of concern, as
Groundwater Monitoring Results – December 2015 Page 6
Prior to sample collection, R.E.A. field personnel measured the water level in each monitoring well and purged approximately three standing volumes of water from each well. All groundwater monitoring samples were collected using a peristaltic pump with dedicated tubing, after purging was complete. Water was pumped directly into 40-milliliter glass vials with Teflon-lined septum lids for analyses by EPA method 8260. Each sample was preserved with hydrochloric acid to reduce the pH to less than 2 standard units (su). Following sample collection, field measurements of water-quality indicator parameters were recorded and are presented in Table 3, Attachment C.
On 16 December 2015, groundwater samples were collected from nine monitoring wells (MW-3, MW-6, MW-7, MW-8, MW-9R, MW-10, MW-11, MW-12, and GT-1). No samples were collected from MW-4 and MW-5 at the request of the VT DEC. No samples were collected from MW-2, GT-2, or GT-3 which were destroyed when the new secondary containment system was installed on site for the bulk fuel storage ASTs.
All of the groundwater samples were analyzed for the possible presence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in accordance with U.S. EPA Method 8260. All samples were transported under chain-of-custody in an ice-filled cooler to AMRO Environmental Laboratories Corporation of Merrimack, New Hampshire for laboratory analysis.
Recommendations
Based on available information, R.E.A. recommends the following:
1. Due to the continued presence of PCE in the vicinity of MW-8 and MW-9R, the source of this contamination should be determined/investigated as previously proposed.
2. Continue to implement the Corrective Action Plan (CAP) as approved by the VT DEC.
3. Groundwater monitoring should be completed on a semi-annual basis with the next sampling event being conducted in June 2016. Due to the presence of PCE in the MW-8, and MW-9R samples during previous sampling events, groundwater samples collected from all site monitoring wells should be analyzed for the possible presence of VOCs in accordance with EPA Method 8260.
4. Appropriate summary reports should be completed following the completion of each task outlined above.
Please call me if you have any questions regarding the enclosed results or recommendations.
Sincerely,
Ross Environmental Associates, Inc.
Jim Rose Senior Environmental Scientist
Cc: Mr. James Donaldson – VT DEC Project Manager ([email protected]) Jar/ref: 28007R11_Dec2015
AA
TT
TT
AA
CC
HH
MM
EE
NN
TT
AA
I
Site Coordinates: 44º 56’ 58.54” N 72 º 12’ 04.58” WFigure 1
ND Indicates compound was analyzed for, but not detected at or above the reporting limit.
J Indicates an estimated value. This flag is used either when estimating a concentration for tentatively identified compounds where a 1:1 response is assumed, or when the data indicates the presence of a compound that meets the identification criteria but the result is less than the sample quantitation limit but greater than the method detection limit.
H Method prescribed holding time exceeded.
E This flag identifies compounds whose concentrations exceed the calibration range of the instrument for that specific analysis.
B This flag is used when the analyte is found in the associated blank as well as in the sample.
R RPD outside accepted recovery limits
RL Reporting limit; defined as the lowest concentration the laboratory can accurately quantitate.
S Spike Recovery outside accepted recovery limits.
# See Case Narrative
Q RPD between signal 1 and signal 2 >40%.
Micro Data Qualifiers
TNTC Too numerous to count
Inorganic Data Qualifiers
ND or U Indicates element was analyzed for, but not detected at or above the reporting limit.
J Indicates a value greater than or equal to the method detection limit, but less than the quantitation limit.
H Indicates analytical holding time exceedance.
B Indicates that the analyte is found in the associated blank, as well as in the sample.
MSA Indicates value determined by the Method of Standard Addition
+ Indicates the correlation coefficient for the Method of Standard Addition is less than 0.995
E This flag identifies compounds whose concentrations exceed the calibration range of the instrument for that specific analysis.
R RPD outside accepted recovery limits
RL Reporting limit; defined as the lowest concentration the laboratory can accurately quantitate.
S Spike Recovery outside accepted recovery limits.
PS The analyte was below the Reporting Limit but has significant matrix interference as noted by the poor recovery of the Post Digestion Spike.
# See Case Narrative
* MCL Exceeded
Report Comments:1. Soil, sediment and sludge sample results are reported on a "dry weight" basis.2. Reporting limits are adjusted for sample size used, dilutions and moisture content, if applicable.
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