R&D personnel & expenditure by type and function; outputs Launch Workshop of the Qatar R&D Survey: s6 Four Seasons Hotel, Doha, Qatar 28 to 30 October.

R&D personnel & expenditure by type and function; outputs

Launch Workshop of the Qatar R&D Survey: s6Four Seasons Hotel, Doha, Qatar

28 to 30 October 20123

Michael Kahn Research and Innovation Associates, South Africa

3

Identify R&D performersWhat counts as R&D

PERSONNEL

Headcount

EXPENDITURE

Qualification

Full-time equivalent

Field of Science

LabourCurrentCapex

Field of Science

Socio-economic objective

Sources ofFunds

OUTPUTS

Type

Qualification

Field of Science

✔ ✔

✔ ✔

✔

4

5

6

7

Identify R&D performersWhat counts as R&D

PERSONNEL

Headcount

EXPENDITURE

Qualification

Full-time equivalent

Field of Science

LabourCurrentCapex

Field of Science

Socio-economic objective

Sources ofFunds

OUTPUTS

Type

Qualification

Field of Science

✔

✔

✔ ✔

✔ ✔

✔

8

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The basic criterion for distinguishing R&D from related activities is the presence in R&D of an appreciable element of novelty and the resolution of scientific and/or technological uncertainty, i.e. when the solution to a problem is not readily apparent to someone familiar with the basic stock of common knowledge and techniques for the area concerned.

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In the field of medicine, routine autopsy on the causes of death is the practice of medical care and is not R&D; special investigation of a particular mortality to establish the side effects of certain cancer treatments is R&D.

Similarly, routine tests such as blood and bacteriological tests carried out for doctors are not R&D, whereas a special programme of blood tests in connection with the introduction of a new drug is R&D.

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Exercise 4: Basic & applied research and development

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Sources of Funds

Part 3: In-House R&D Expenditure

B12. Sources of Funds for In-House R&D

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R&D by Functional TypeFields of Science – approach already covered Socio-economic objective of R&D

Part 4: Categories of In-House R&D Expenditure

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R&D Outputs (HE only)

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Qatar: World of Science publications: 2010-2012

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Well done, all