February 27-March 3, 2011 – San Diego, California ANALYSIS OF CARBON FIBER RECOVERED FROM OPTIMIZED PROCESSES OF COMMERCIAL SCALE RECYCLING FACILITIES Joseph Heil, Davis Litzenberger, Dr. Jerry Cuomo TMS 2011 San Diego, California March 3, 2011 Institute for Maintenance Science and Technology
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ANALYSIS OF CARBON FIBER RECOVERED FROM OPTIMIZED
PROCESSES OF COMMERCIAL SCALE RECYCLING FACILITIESJoseph Heil, Davis Litzenberger, Dr. Jerry Cuomo
TMS 2011 San Diego, CaliforniaMarch 3, 2011
Institute for Maintenance Science and Technology
February 27-March 3, 2011 – San Diego, California
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Outline
• Recycling Overview• Test Methods• Samples Tested• Test Results
• Electron Microscopy• Filament Testing
• Questions
February 27-March 3, 2011 – San Diego, California
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Overview of CF Recycling
Uncured Trim ScrapCured Trim ScrapEnd of Life Material
Carbon Fiber Recycling
Single Blind Testing & Analysis
Samples of CF for Testing
February 27-March 3, 2011 – San Diego, California
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Characterization MethodsMethod Information Determined
SEMScanning Electron Microscopy
Fiber diameter,contamination
Surface texture, defects
EDS Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy
Elemental composition of bulk
XPSX-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Atomic Percent %’s of Carbon Bonding
Tensile Test3 gauge lengths
Fiber Tensile Properties Failure Probability
February 27-March 3, 2011 – San Diego, California
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Outline• Test Methods• Samples Tested• Test Results
• Electron Microscopy• Filament Testing
• Questions
February 27-March 3, 2011 – San Diego, California
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Outline• Test Methods• Mechanical Test Results from 2006 - 2008• Samples Tested• Test Results
• Electron Microscopy• Filament Testing
• Questions
February 27-March 3, 2011 – San Diego, California
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Samples Tested
Sample Name SourceRCF 10 Uncured T300 prepreg Fabric
V-T300 Sized Cytec T300 sample from Boeing
RCF 11 Uncured T700G prepreg fabric
V-T700G Sized sample from Boeing
*RCF 12, 13 Uncured prepreg fabric
RCF 14, 15, 16 T-800s prepreg left, center, & right side of furnace
VCF 17, 18, 19 Soxhlet extraction of prepregs “14-16”
• No pitting observed• Changes in shade of fiber suggests thin coating of resin
February 27-March 3, 2011 – San Diego, California
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RCF 12 & 13
• RCF 12 & 13 have surfaces that have been heavily damaged• Not identifiable based on morphology or tensile properties
RCF 12 RCF 13
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T800s Prepreg Left Side of Furnace
• RCF 14 has residual matrix material; size is usually <500nm• On occasion pits were seen suggesting fiber damage• Silicon in residual material
VCF 17RCF 14
February 27-March 3, 2011 – San Diego, California
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T800s Prepreg Center of Furnace
• RCF 15 is comparatively densely covered with char • EDS indicated silicon, aluminum, sodium, and chlorine • No pitting or otherwise noticeable defects
RCF 15 VCF 18
February 27-March 3, 2011 – San Diego, California
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T800s Prepreg Right Side of Furnace
• RCF 16 has large amounts of resins stuck in-between the fibers with a lesser amount stuck on the fibers
• Some particulates >500nm • Surface appears textured• Calcium was identified in particulate based on EDS
RCF 16 VCF 19
February 27-March 3, 2011 – San Diego, California
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Outline• Test Methods• Samples Tested• Test Results