1 INDUSTRY PROFILE The domestication of cattle occurred between 6000 and 10,000 years ago. Not much known about the history of this period, but men probably hunted cattle as wild animals prior to the time that they were domesticated. Later the cow was made as sacred animal and is still so considered by a part of the population of India. Various stages of dairy industry origin as follows:- THE DAIRY INDUSTRY PRIOR TO 1850: For over 225 years following the first settlements in America very little changes look place in the methods of producing milk or in the manufacture of dairy products. Feed supplies has to be shipped from the country areas and ordinance regarding dairy barns became more and more strict gradually farmers within easy driveling distance began delivering milk over regular routes in the cities. The development was not spectacular, but the stage was set for the many changes, which were to take place in years to follow. [Type text]
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INDUSTRY PROFILE
The domestication of cattle occurred between 6000 and 10,000 years ago.
Not much known about the history of this period, but men probably hunted cattle as
wild animals prior to the time that they were domesticated. Later the cow was made
as sacred animal and is still so considered by a part of the population of India.
Various stages of dairy industry origin as follows:-
THE DAIRY INDUSTRY PRIOR TO 1850:
For over 225 years following the first settlements in America very little
changes look place in the methods of producing milk or in the manufacture of dairy
products.
Feed supplies has to be shipped from the country areas and ordinance
regarding dairy barns became more and more strict gradually farmers within easy
driveling distance began delivering milk over regular routes in the cities. The
development was not spectacular, but the stage was set for the many changes,
which were to take place in years to follow.
THE DAIRY INDUSTRY AFTER 1850:
The modern dairy emerged in the middle of the 19th century.
Among the many factors, which have played important roles in the
evaluation of the modern dairy industry, the following may be mentioned.
1. The factory system.
2. Improved machinery.
3. Transportation.
4. Economic factors.
5. Research and scientific investigation.
6. Improved live stock.
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India has the potential to become a leading exporter of milk and milk Products.
Due to low labor cost, the cost of milk production is significantly low here. To
boost exports, the dairy industry needs to focus on quality and productivity.
Significant investment has to be made in milk procurement equipment and chilling
and refrigeration facilities.
IMPORTANCE OF DAIRY INDUSTRIES:
Data collected by bureau of human nutrition and home economics for the
year 1944 and 1945 showed that dairy products contained 75% of the calcium and
45%of riboflavin in the total food supply as well as 24% of the total protein,17%
of the vitamins and 17% calories.
In 1946 the first company was established in Kaiva District co-operative
milk produces known as “AMUL” through out the Nation wide and their different
companies were developed through out country form Govt. side and also private
side. In Andhra Pradesh the leading companies are A.P. dairy development under
the brand names Vijaya, Dodla, Arokaya, Heritage, Jersey, Cream rich, and Mother
Dairy etc.
The milk and dairy products rank as the largest source of income to the
farmer of United States. For the country over 20 percent of the total agricultural
income is from milk or cream sold, the sale of cream and butter by farmers in 1948
totaled more than $ 4400,000,000.
In addition to the 24,000 people of the dairy firms many others persons and
families must be employed in moving and processing the milk and milk products
before there each the consumers table. The exact number of people engaged in
these fields in unknown.
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DAIRY PRODUCTS:
A dairy is a place for handling of milk and milk products. Technology refers
to the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes. Dairy technology
has been defined as that a branch of dairy science, which deals with the processing
of milk and manufacture of milk products.In India dairying has been practiced as a
rural cottage industry from remote places in the past. Due to scientific knowledge
in processing and pasteurization. Dairy is developed as a separate industry. The
main reason for developing of this industry is above to increase in population of
urban areas and more consumption of milk in the areas of soft drinks.
In the earlier years each house hold maintains his/her own cattle or secures
milk form its neighbor. As the urban population increases fewer house holds could
keep a cattle for private use. But the high cost of milk production, problems of
sanitation etc., restricted the practice and gradually the family cattle in the city was
eliminated and city cattle were all sent back to the rural areas.
In India dairying has been practiced as a rural cottage industry from remote
places in the past. Due to scientific knowledge in processing and pasteurization.
Dairy is developed as a separate industry. The main reason for developing of this
industry is above to increase in population of urban areas and more consumption of
milk in the areas of soft drinks.
In the earlier years each house hold maintains his/her own cattle or secures
milk form its neighbor. As the urban population increases fewer house holds could
keep a cattle for private use. But the high cost of milk production, problems of
sanitation etc., restricted the practice and gradually the family cattle in the city was
eliminated and city cattle were all sent back to the rural areas.
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INTRODUCTION :
The first and fore most requirement of modern marketing is to understand
the customer needs, and create need develop strategies to bring the customers right
elements of the i.e., product offering, positioning distribution channels etc. to
satisfy the needs.
Market entry strategies for developing market, like India, can’t be developed
by middle managers whose only experience spans distribution and channels of
management. Though India has over vast geographical area yet it is not successful
especially for perishable goods such as vegetables, food items, milky fruits etc.,
milk is consumed as a product of food from the past.
CONSTITUTENTS OF MILK:
Milk as an article of food for mankind antidotes the earliest record history.
Milk ranges in color forma bluish-white to an almost golden-yellow depending up
on the breed of cattle and the mount of fat solids present.
It is important that everyone should become familiar with the chief
components of milk.
Constituents Percentages
Water 87.00
Fat 4.00
Protein 3.50
Carbohydrates 4.80
Mineral salts 0.70
Total 100.00
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MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF MILK
RECEIVING MILK
(GRADING, SAMPLING, WEIGHING, TESTING)
PREHEATING (350-400 C)
FILTRATION/CLARIFICATION
COOLING AND STRONG (50 C OR BELOW)
STANDARDIZATION
PASTEURIZATION (63 C/30 MTS (OR) C/15 Sec)
HOMOGENIZATION (2500 PSI)
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MARKETING OF MILK:
Tirumala Milk Products (Pvt) Ltd has gone one level channel of distribution
of Tirumala marketing.
It has extensive selling agents in Nellore, Gudur, Tirupati, Vijayawada,
Guntur, Ongole, Bangalore, Chennai and Hyderabad.
PROCUREMENT OF MILK:
The main content required of dairy is milk. It procures milk producer
(farmer) covering over 200 villages in Guntur and Prakasam district. In each village
one agent will be there collects milk of that village from milk producers. They
collect both in the morning and evening. Company has its own vehicles to get the
collected milk is each village.
DEMAND AND SUPPLY:
The minimum quality of milk per capital consumption recommended Indian
Council of Medical Research is 210 grams per person per day against actual per
capital consumption of 178 grams. Thus there is deficit, of 96Lakhs tones of milk
per annum. Which indicates a great demand for milk in the domestic market
(source: Dairy India 1992).In addition by products like ghee, cream, milk powder,
butter and cheese will be marketed.
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Manufacturer Milk selling agent Customers
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MILK INDUSTRY IN INDIA:
Today India is the largest milk producing country in the world. The milk
producing states in India are Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra,
Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. A cattle farming is one of the
important aspects of the overall development process in India. It is said that it is
one of the bounded sectors of agriculture. It has been the important of the National
Economic Development Process all these years. Nearly 5% of the Indian
population of the country directly or indirectly depends on milk production and its
sales for their livelihood.
Everyone without any age limit consumer’s milk. Today because of the
modern technology the cattle breeding has been revolutionized. Outdated methods
of extraction of milk from the cattle of the discarded. New and innovative methods
are being widely adopted. India today is proud to say that it is the largest producer
of the milk and its products. Many dairy firms have been established in the country
at different areas as per the requirements of the people i.e. the consumer, both by
the public sector and private sector.
In 1946 the first company was established in Kaiva District co-operative
milk produces known as “AMUL” through out the Nation wide and their different
companies were developed through out country form Govt. side and also private
side. In Andhra Pradesh the leading companies are A.P. dairy development under
the brand names Vijaya, Dodla, Arokya, Heritage, Jersey, Cream rich, and Mother
Dairy etc.
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MILK PRODUCTION IN INDIA:
In India milk production has been increasing gradually for several years.
During till 1971 the increasing ration was very small after that milk production has
increased rapidly because of green revolution and some other pilot programmes.
3. Do you satisfied with the policies, rules and regulations of the company?
Table: 3
Chart: 3
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S.NO PARTICULARS NO. OF RESPONDENTS
% OF RESPONDENTS
1 Average 50 33.330%2 Satisfied 100 66.67%3 Poor 00 0%
Total 150 100%
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Inference: From the above chart it is clear that most of the employees are agree that the policies, rules and regulations are good in TMPPL. From that 33% are Average and 67% are Satisfied.
Inference: From the above chart it is clear that most of the employees are agree that the selection process is good in TMPPL. From that 47% are interviews, 20% are employee reference, 6% are campus selections, 27% are interviews and employee reference.
5. What type of training programmes were provided to you?
Table: 5
S.NO PARTICULARS NO. OF RESPONDENTS
% OF RESPONDENTS
1 On the job 120 80%2 Off the job 30 20%
Total 150 100%
Chart: 5
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Inference: From the above chart it is clear that most of the employees are agree from that the training programes are good in TMPPL. From that 80% are On the job and 20% are off the job training.
6. Inter relationship between you and your sub-ordinate?
Table: 6
S.NO PARTICULARS NO. OF RESPONDENTS
% OF RESPONDENTS
1 Outstanding 10 6.67%2 Very Good 90 60%3 Good 40 26.67%4 Average 10 6.67%5 Below Average 00 0%
Total 150 100%
Chart: 6
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Inference: From the above chart it is clear that most of the employees are agree that the relationships are good in TMPPL. From that 7% are Out standing, 60% are Very good, 27% are Good , 7% are Average.
7. Type of relationship between you and your superior?
Table: 7
S.NO PARTICULARS NO. OF RESPONDENTS
% OF RESPONDENTS
1 Outstanding 10 6.67%2 Very Good 30 20%3 Good 100 66.67%4 Average 10 6.67%5 Below Average 00 0%
Total 150 100%
Chart: 7
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Inference: From the above chart it is clear that most of the employees are agree that the relations are good in TMPPL.From that 7% are Out standing, 20% are Very good, 66% are Good, 7% are Average.
8. Do you agree that the communication flow is good in the company?
Inference: From the above chart it is clear that most of the employees are agree that the communication flow is good in TMPPL. From that 33% are Strongly agree, 60% are Agree and 7% are Undecided.
9. Do you satisfied with the placement of people regarding their skills & knowledge?
Table: 9
S.NO PARTICULARS NO. OF RESPONDENTS
% OF RESPONDENTS
1 Yes 150 100%2 No 00 00%
Total 150 100%
Chart: 9
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Inference: From the above chart it is clear that most of the employees are agree from that the placement of people is good in TMPPL. From that 100% are satisfied with the placement of people.
10. Working in TMPPL is really helping to your carrier growth?
Inference: From the above chart it is clear that most of the employees are agree working in TMPPL is really helpful to carrier. From that 20% are Strongly agree, 60% are Agree and 20% are Disagree.
11. Have you satisfied with your salary & benefits?
Table: 11
S.NO PARTICULARS NO. OF RESPONDENTS
% OF RESPONDENTS
1 Yes 130 86.67%2 No 20 13.33%
Total 150 100%
Chart: 11
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Inference: From the above chart it is clear 87% are Satisfied, and 13% are Not satisfied with the salary and benefits which are provided by the TMPPL.
12. Do you satisfied with the promotions, transfers will be based on the performance?
Table: 12
S.NO PARTICULARS NO. OF RESPONDENTS
% OF RESPONDENTS
1 Satisfied 90 60%2 Average 60 40%3 Poor 00 00%
Total 150 100%
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Chart: 12
Inference: From the above chart it is clear that 60% are Satisfied and 40% are Average with promotions and transfers In TMPPL.
13. Are they providing you any awards and rewards regarding your performance?
Table: 13
S.NO PARTICULARS NO. OF RESPONDENTS
% OF RESPONDENTS
1 Yes 70 46.67%2 No 80 53.33%
Total 150 100%
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Chart: 13
Inference: From the above chart it is clear that 47% are Satisfied and 53% are Not satisfied with the awards and rewards In TMPPL.
14. Do you agree that the performance appraisal helps you to get job satisfaction?
Inference: From the above chart it is clear that most of the employees are agree that the management helps to the employees of TMPPL. From that 27% are Strongly agree, 67% are Agree and 6% are Disagree.
17. Is the company giving any opportunity to take your participation in decision making?
Inference: From the above chart it is clear that 27% are Strongly agree, 67% are Agree and 6% are disagree in the involvement In decision making In TMPPL.
18. At what level appraisal system gives the satisfaction on job?
Table: 18S.NO PARTICULARS NO. OF
RESPONDENTS% OF RESPONDENTS
1 Excellent 10 6.67%2 Very good 60 40%3 Good 60 40%4 Average 20 13.33%5 Poor 00 0%
Total 150 100%
Chart: 18
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Inference: From the above chart it is clear that 7% are Excellent, 40% are Very good, 40% are Good and 13% are Average with the appraisal systemI in TMPPL.
19. Are they asking you any suggestions regarding changes to be done in the company?
Table: 19
S.NO PARTICULARS NO. OF RESPONDENTS
% OF RESPONDENTS
1 Yes 90 60%2 No 60 40%
Total 150 100%
Chart: 19
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Inference: From the above chart it is clear that 60% are Satisfied, 40% are Dissatisfied with the involvement of people in decision making In TMPPL.
20. Are they providing any development assistance in the company?
Table: 20
S.NO PARTICULARS NO. OF RESPONDENTS
% OF RESPONDENTS
1 Yes 100 66.67%2 No 50 33.33%
Total 150 100%
Chart: 20
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Inference: From the above chart it is clear that 67% are Agree and 33% Are Disagree with developmental assistance In TMPPL.
21. Are you satisfied with your position in this company?
Table: 21
S.NO PARTICULARS NO. OF RESPONDENTS
% OF RESPONDENTS
1 Yes 150 100%2 No 00 00%
Total 150 100%
Chart: 21
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Inference: From the above chart it is clear that 100% are Satisfied With the position of people In TMPPL.
22. In your opinion job in this company is?
Table: 22
S.NO PARTICULARS NO. OF RESPONDENTS
% OF RESPONDENTS
1 Outstanding 00 00%2 Very Good 80 53.33%3 Good 40 26.27%4 Average 30 20%5 Below Average 00 00%
Total 150 100%
Chart: 22
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0
80
4030
00%
53.33%
26.27%
20%
0%
0 20 40 60 80 100
Outstanding
Very Good
Good
Average
Below Average
NO. OF RESPONDENTS % OF RESPONDENTS
Inference: From the above chart it is clear that 53% are Very good, 27% are Good and 20% are Average with the job in this company Of TMPPL.
23. What is your opinion on strategies to overcome stress in the company?
Table: 23
S.NO PARTICULARS NO. OF RESPONDENTS
% OF RESPONDENTS
1 Excellent 20 13.33%2 Very Good 40 26.67%3 Good 60 40%4 Average 20 13.33%5 Below Average 10 6.67%
Total 150 100%
Chart: 23
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Inference: From the above chart it is clear that most of the employees are agree that the strategies to overcome stress in TMPPL is good. From that 13% are Excellent, 27% are Very good and 40% are Good, 13% are Average and 7% Below average.
24. Job satisfaction is helps to improve performance?
Table: 24
S.NO PARTICULARS NO. OF RESPONDENTS
% OF RESPONDENTS
1 Yes 140 93.33%2 No 10 6.67%
Total 150 100%
Chart: 24
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Inference: From the above chart it is clear that 93% are Agree and 7% Are Not satisfied with the job satisfaction of employees in TMPPL.
25. Which principle do you follow for promotion, increments & incentives?
Table: 25
S.NO PARTICULARS NO. OF RESPONDENTS
% OF RESPONDENTS
1 Merit Based 50 33.33%2 Seniority Based 20 13.33%3 Merit & Seniority 80 53.33%
Total 150 100%
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Chart: 25
Inference: From the above chart it is clear that the organization has to prefer for promotions and incentives of 33% are Merit, 13% are seniority 53% are Merit and seniority In TMPPL.
FINDINGS
1. The objectives are good in TMMPL.
2. The people are satisfied with the policies, rules & regulations of TMPPL.
3. Most of the people are recruited with the help of employee references &
Interviews.
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4. The people are satisfied with their salaries & wages.
5. The company is conducted training programmes with in the company
itself.
6. The management is very helpful and supportive to the employees.
7. The management is conducted regular meetings for the increments and
Incentives of the employees of TMPPL.
8. The managerial people are taken strategies to over come stress in
TMPPL.
9. The people are promoted to next cadar based on their seniority.
10. The management is providing medical benefits to the employees of
TMPPL.
SUGGESTIONS
1. The organization has to change the process of recruitment.
2. The company has to provide opportunity to participate in decision making.
3. To create trade unions and tripartisms in Tmppl for strengthen of workers.
4. To built training institutions for providing better training to the employees.
5. The company has to give rewards and awards to their performances of work
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in the organization.
6. The Tmppl has to introduce new products with the help of product
differentiation.
7. The company has to change the distribution network. To construct own
parlous for direct sale.
8. To maintain a notice board in front of gate, it consists of all programmes of
managerial people.
9. To put special hours for visitors as daily/weekly.
CONCLUSION
Job satisfaction of its workers means a work force motivated and
committed to high quality performance. Increase productivity the
quantity and quality of output per hour worked seems to be a by
product of improved quality of working life.
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From the findings and suggestions and conclude that employees are
satisfied about working conditions , work environment ,fringe benefits,
training programs, solving problems the to employees.
Finally, I would like to conclude that TMPPL is taking good care to the
employee’s .The management attitude towards employees is appreciable.
A study on ‘Job Satisfaction’ of Employees in Tirumala DiaryQuestionnaire