U.S. Constitution Became law of the land on June 21, 1788. The
Preamble introduces the Constitution and states its purpose.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
RAP 28 From the Preamble: What are the governments
responsibilities?We the People of the United States, (1)in Order to
form a more perfect Union, (2)establish Justice, (3)insure domestic
Tranquility, (4)provide for the common defense, (5)promote the
general Welfare, and (6)secure the Blessings of Liberty to
ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this
Constitution for the United States of America. Governments
Responsibilities= Unify the states, Have a trial system, Keep the
peace at home, Protect us, Promote the well-being of the people,
Protect our rights/freedoms1Unit 2: The US ConstitutionCE Notes
27-28: The Preamble and the structure and function of our
Legislative Branch (Essential Standards 2.1, 2.3, & 2.6)SWBAT
(Students Will Be Able To)Understand the purpose and meaning of the
Preamble to the ConstitutionUnderstand the structure and
responsibilities of the US CongressKnow what powers are given and
denied the US CongressRAP 28 Tell what these phrases from the
Preamble mean:
in order to form a more perfect union
_________________________________________________establish justice
_________________________________________________insure domestic
tranquility
_________________________________________________provide for the
common defense
_________________________________________________promote the
general welfare
_________________________________________________secure the
blessings of liberty
_________________________________________________U.S.
ConstitutionBecame law of the land on June 21, 1788.The Preamble
introduces the Constitution and states its
purpose._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more
perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility,
provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and
secure the Blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do
ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of
America.
What is the purpose of the Preamble?
A.Legislative Branch(Congress)
(Established in Article 1, section 1. Described in sections 2 -
10)House of Representatives:(Article 1, Section 2 & 4)Congress
is bicameral (two houses)Qualifications: (Article 1, Section
2)Representatives must be:25 years of age,U.S. Citizen for at least
7 years,Current resident of the state to be represented.Term &
Elections: (Article 1, Section 2 (& 4))Representatives serve 2
year terms.Number based on population.Vacancy (Article 1, Section
2)In the event of a vacancy, the Executive Authority issues Writs
of Election in order to fill the vacancy.Leadership (Article 1,
Section 2)The House of Rep's choose their Speaker and other
Officers.Checks: (Article 1, Section 2)House of Representatives
have the sole Power of Impeachment (bringing charges against an
official)*Bills: (Article 1, Section 7)All bills for Revenue must
originate in the House of Representatives.
2.Senate: (Article 1, Sections 3 & 4)a. Qualifications
(Article 1, Section 3)30 years of age,9 years U.S. Citizen,Resident
of state being represented.b. Term & Elections (Article 1,
Section 3 (& 4))2 senators from each state,6 year term,divided
evenly into 3 classes: elections on 1 class every 2 years.
Vacancy (Article 1, Section 3)In case of vacancy, executive may
make temporary appointment until next meeting of legislature when
they will fill the vacancy.This changed with 17th Amendment.
d.Leadership (Article 1, Section 3)President of the Senate is the
VP of U.S. (who has no vote except in case of a tie.)Senate chooses
own officers and the President pro temporee.Checks (Article 1,
Section 3) Sole power to try impeachments: conviction takes place
with at least 2/3 majority.*Bills: Article 1, Section 7 - Describes
the process of how a bill becomes a law.
The Senate's role is essential in the lawmaking process.
3.Shared Powers: (Article 1, Sections 5, 6...)a. Organization
& Duties (Article 1, Section 5)Each House is the Judge of the
Elections, Returns, and Qualifications of its members.A majority
constitutes a quorum to accomplish business.Each house may send
members out to compel absent members to attend and may impose
penalties for refusals.Each House determines its own rules,
punishes disorderly conduct, and may expel members wit 2/3
majority; must keep a journal of proceedings to be published
(except those items that require secrecy). Neither house, during
session, may adjourn for more than 3 days or to a separate location
without the consent of the other.b.Professional Compensation &
limitations(Article 1, Section 6)Senators and Representatives are
compensated as decided by law.They are paid by the Treasury of the
United States.They are not to be questioned or arrested during
session, except in cases of Treason, Felony, and Breach of
Peace.They may not hold any other U.S. office while they serve in
Congress.c.*Bills: (Article 1, Section 7)Describes how bills become
law.Power to: **("Expressed Powers") Article 1, Section 8 (AKA:
Delegated and/or Enumerated Powers)Expressed Powers include, but
are not limited to:Power to collect taxes for revenue - to pay
debts, provide for common defense, and general welfare - but these
taxes must be uniform throughout the country.
Implied Powers
Elastic Clause:Power to make all laws which shall be "necessary
and proper" for carrying out the powers expressed in the other
clauses of Article 1.
e.***Restrictions (Article 1, Section 9)sets limits on the power
of the government.
(Section 10)Sets limits on the states, partially in order to
prevent confusion in overlapping functions and authority of federal
gov't v. state gov'ts. f.Checks:(1) Over Executive Branch (Articles
1 & 2)Override Veto (2/3 majority) (Article 1, Section
7)Impeach President & Vice President (Article 1, Section
3)Ratify Appointments and treaties (Senate) (Article 2, Section
2)
(2) Over judicial Branch (Article ...)Establish lower courtsSet
judicial salariesratify appointments (Senate)Impeach judges
Legislative processCE NOTES 33-36NC Essential Standards 2.6 and
2.7
17ObjectivesSWBAT explain how a bill becomes a law.
SWBAT determine how the legislative process leads to
compromise18RAP 33If you are building a consensus what are you
trying to do?Can you think of any famous compromises that we have
studied so far?19Review:What are the two parts of Congress?Senators
serve for ___ years and Representatives serve for ___ years.Who can
veto a law?How can the Congress STILL pass that law?What
Constitutional principle is this an example of?20House of
Representatives: 435 membersWho is the majority party in the
House?Who is the minority party in the Senate?
US Senate: 100 MembersWho is the majority party in the
Senate?Who is the minority party in the Senate?
MSL Practice (5.01 & 5.04)How can a debate help build a
consensus?It can help find areas of agreementIt encourages
extremismIt sets limits on the time spend reaching a compromiseIt
encourages the use of propaganda techniques23Notes 33Congress uses
Consensus Building:the process of compromise to get everyone to
agree on a law.This way all sides are part of the solution and are
satisfied.
24School House Rock:Im just a BillWe will watch the School House
Rock piece 2 times. The 2nd time you must answer the following
questionsWhere do many bills die before becoming a law?Where do
most bills get voted on first?Where do most bills get voted on
second?What power does the President have to stop the bill from
becoming a law?What must the President do to make the bill a
law?25How a Bill becomes a LawIntro. in House of RepsSent to House
standing committee/subcommitteeDebate and vote in House
Intro. in SenateSent to Senate standing
committee/subcommitteeDebate and vote in Senate
Conference Committee: House and Senate Draft Conference
BillFinal Vote in House and Senate on Conference Bill
9. Sent to President (Sign, Veto, pocket veto)
10. Override Veto with 2/3 vote in the House and Senate
Can you find it?Put a C next to the step where the House and
Senate must compromise.Put a box around the numbers of the 3 steps
that are the same in the House and the SenatePut an E next to the
step that involves the Executive Branch.
Committee VocabStanding Committee: committees or subcommittees
in the House & Senate that never change. Ex: House Education
Committee, or Senate Education Committee.
32Conference Committee: House & Senate get together
temporarily to discuss a bill and draft a final version for a vote
in each part of congress.
Veto!
34Notes 33 (Continued)Ways to KILL a BILLPRESIDENT:Veto:
President refuses to sign the bill.Pocket Veto: President doesnt do
any thing to a bill and Congress ends the session. Putting the bill
in his pocket The bill does not become a law.
35Presidential Veto Options"... If any Bill shall not be
returned by the President within ten Days (Sundays excepted) after
it shall have been presented to him, the Same shall be a Law, in
like Manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress by their
Adjournment prevent its Return, in which Case it shall not be a
Law. Article 1, Section 7Veto: President refuses to sign the
bill.Pocket Veto: President doesnt do anything to a bill and
Congress ends the session. Putting the bill in his pocketThe bill
does not become a law.36Ways to kill a bill
(Continued)LEGISLATURE:Riders: additional bills attached to a main
bill. Often a way for Reps to get $$ or projects for their
districts.Filibuster: blocking a Senate vote by refusing to stop
talking on the Senate floorCloture: vote to place time limit on
debate of a bill, can be used to end a filibuster.Committee: where
small groups of legislators discuss bills. Ex: Farming bill to
Agriculture Committee, military spending to Defense
Committee37Legislative FactsAppropriations: Bills that authorize
the spending of govt funds. MUST start in the House.The vice
president is the President of the Senate, he/she has the
tiebreaking vote. Who is this right
now?____________________Seniority System: committee heads get their
positions based on how long they have been in Congress.MSL
Practice5. What is the final step to passing a federal law?The
voters decide on the billThe US Supreme Court approves the billThe
President signs the billThe bill passes both the House and the
Senate39MSL Practice6. Who takes part in joint conference
committees in the US Congress?Lobbyists and SenatorsMembers of the
House and the SenateCitizens and lawmakersSenators, Representatives
and the President40MSL PracticeWhat happens to a bill that only
passes one house of Congress?It would not become a lawIt returns to
the house it came fromIt returns to committee in the second houseIt
goes to conference committee41MSL PracticeA compromise between the
US Senate and the House of Representatives on a bill occurs at
which step of the legislative process?When the bill is
introducedAfter the bill is put on the calendarAfter it is
presented to the presidentAt conference committee42Which of the
following is NOT a method which can be used by the legislature to
block a bill from becoming a law?ClotureFilibusterStop bill in
committeeveto43PIT 34-35Complete the 10 Steps of the Legislative
Process. Complete How an Education Bill Becomes a Law
44MSL PracticeWhich term best describes the process in which
people with differing opinions meet to try to persuade those who
disagree with them to accept their opinion?debateConsensus
buildingcompromisePeer mediation
45Week 11: DO NOWMONDAY1. What compromise resolved the debate
between the north and the south about how slaves would be counted
in the legislature?2. How can the Congress override a presidential
veto?TUESDAYWhat is the name for the process of adding land to a
city?What type of schools are used in NC to accommodate population
growth?REVIEW: How many US Senators are there?WEDNESDAYWhat happens
to a bill right after it is introduced in the House?What is it
called when a Senator refuses to give up the floor, stopping a vote
from happening?When do leaders of the House and the Senate get
together to resolve their differences and draft a final version of
a bill to be voted on?46ABCD REVIEWWhich of the following is not a
historical compromise?The Virginia PlanThe Bill of RightsThe
Connecticut CompromiseThe 3/5 Compromise47Exit ticket: Minute Paper
The Legislative Process (CE.C.&G.2.7)Explain how the process of
lawmaking reflects the governments response to the public interest
and/or general welfare.