Raman Lambas Nuclear Power

Nuclear Energy

&

Energy crises in INDIA

BY: Raman Lamba (MBA-GEN)

BHARTI VIDYAPEETH’S INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT AND RESEARCH, NEW DELHI

India Energy scenario • India is meeting only 94% of its energy demand with 6% short fall

• India's energy- 65% (thermal energy like coal power plants), 26% hydel energy, 6% nuclear 3% from wind/solar

• Energy consumption in India has grown by about 700 percent in the last four decades

• India nuclear power programme started in 1969. Our 17 reactor generate 4,120 mw of electricity today.

• Projected target 40,000 mw of electricity till 2020.

How Nuclear Energy support India?

• It will solve the energy crisis India is facing right now.

• We have second largest deposits of thorium in the world

• Nuclear plants are safely and profitably operated in 31countries around the world.

• India becoming the sixth nation to become armed with nuclear weapons, after the 1998 nuclear tests

• Our uranium ability for power is only enough for 10,000 mw of electricity from Jharkhand mines.

• Boost to business and economy

The Benefits of Using Nuclear Energy

• Powering Our Economy

• Reduction of Dependence on Oil • Protecting Our Environment

• Low operation and maintenance cost

• Reduce Co2 emissions

• Low fuel cost and easy to transport

It’s Cheaper

Worldwide Benefits

Environment protection

What is the reason for the power crisis in the country?

Over 65% of power generated currently is contributed by thermal i.e coal

Rising per capita electricity consumption due to strong economic growth government reforms working as major driving forces

High Transmission and Distribution Losses,

Small Capital Outlay by Indian Distribution Equipment Players & Regulatory Complications are major obstacles before Indian power sector.

Will importing nuclear plants solve our immediate power crisis?

It will take not less than 8-10 years before any electricity is

produced.

This is an optimistic figure; the last plant that the US commissioned -- the Watts Bar 2 Reactor -- took 23 years to complete.

WHERE THERE IS A WILL THERE IS A WAY

There is no debate that India has "uranium reserves."

In reality, nuclear power today provides barely 2% of the world's total energy. This means nuclear fuel will remain relatively abundant unless nuclear power plants are constructed at a rate many times current production

AS PERCENTAGE NUCLEAR POWER- TOTAL POWER GENERATION

FRANCE-77% USA – 19%

LITHUANIA-64% JAPAN- 27%

BELGIUM – 54% CHINA-1.9%

SLOVAKIA- 54% INDIA – 2.5%

How much can nuclear energy contribute to our energy needs?. The 2006 Expert Committee on Energy estimated India’s

power needs at 960,000 MW by 2031-32, up from 144,000 MW today

IF India grows at same pace, coal, hydel and non-conventional energy sources will meet at best 75% of India’s needs in 2030

Coal currently meets about 66% of our electricity generation CAUSING GLOBAL WARMING

NUCLEAR ENERGY is only 3% of current capacity electricity generating capacity and will at best reach a figure of 8% by 2032.

Nuclear Power is the greatest facilitator of energy security in countries with inadequate

domestic energy resources

Requirement of natural uranium for a 1000 MWe Nuclear Power Plant: ~ 160 t /Year

Requirement of coal for a 1000 MWe Coal fired plant ~ 2.6 million t / Year (i.e. 5 trains of 1400 t /Day)

The volume of waste generated by nuclear power plant is very low. It can be stored for

long period before disposal.

Waste generated from a 1000 MWe Coal fired power plant

Carbon dioxide : 2.6 million t /Year

Sulpher dioxide : 900 t /Year

NOx : 4500 t /Year

Ash : 3,20,000 t/Year

(with 400 t/Year of toxic heavy metals)

Waste generated from a 1000 MWe NPP

High Level : 35 t /Year

Intermediate Level : 310 t /Year

Low Level : 460 t /year

Solidified high level waste produced by generating electricity, for an average Indian family, for 25 years from nuclear power