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G.P.S.Submitted By :-
Rahul Rajput
11070125
COE-A
Submitted to :-
Mr. Sandeep
Lecturer
COE Deptt.
Introduction To
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Humans
have
always
been
Interested
in knowingwhere
Things
are..
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Where to go
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Early Solutions:
marking trails with piles of stones
(problems when snow fallsoron ocean)
navigating by stars
(requires clear nights and careful
measurements)
most widely used for centuries
location within a mile or so
ModernIdeas: RADAR
SONAR
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Developed by US Department of
Defense 1969Defense Navigation Satellite
System (DNSS) formed
1973NAVSTAR Global Positioning
System developed
1978first 4 satellites launched
History of the GPS
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199324th satellite
launched; initial
operational capability 1995full operational
capability
May 2000Military
accuracy available to all
users
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Satellites
There are quite anumber of satellites outthere in space. They
are used for a widerange of purposes:satellite TV, cellularphones, militarypurposes and etc.Satellites can also beused by GPS receivers.
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GPS Satellites
The GPS OperationalConstellation consists of
24 satellites that orbitthe Earth in very preciseorbits twice a day. GPSsatellites emit
continuous navigationsignals.
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GPS determines locations in Earth centered, Earth fixed (ECEF)
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Triangulation
Geometric Principle:You can find onelocation if you know itsdistance from other,already-knownlocations.
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Velocity x Time = Distance
T + 3Distance between satellite and
receiver = 3 times the speed of
light
T
Signal leaves satellite attime T
Velocity x Time = Distance
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Triangulation
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Triangulation
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Triangulation
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GPS is based on satellite ranging, i.e. distance from satellites
satellites are precise reference points
we determine our distance from them
we will assume for now that we know exactly where satellite is
and how far away from it we are
if we are lost and we know
that we are 11,000 miles
from satellite A
we are somewhere on a sphere
whose middle is satellite A
and diameter is 11,000 miles
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Distance measurements from two satellites limits
our location to the intersection of two spheres,
which is a circle.
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A third
measurement
narrows our
location to justtwo points.
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A fourth
measurementdetermines
which point is
our true
location
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Applications of GPS
NavigationTarget tracking
Search and Rescue
MILITARY
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Applications of GPS
GPS for surveying
Mapping
Finding lost
vehicles
CIVILIAN Purposes:
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In Europe quota system
Fishermen only allowed
to catch certain amountof a particular species of
fish on a particular
fishing ground Trials of monitoring fleet
incorporating GPS data
Applications:
Monitoring of Fishing Fleet
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http://www.howstuffworks.com/gps.htm
http://www.howstuffworks.com/38-how-gps-works-video.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/
References
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