Bioremediation of gasoline contaminated soil by a bacterial consortium amended with poultry litter, coir pith and rhamnolipid biosurfactant TeesRep - Teesside's Research Repository Item type Article Authors Rahman, P. K. S. M. (Pattanathu); Banat, I. M. (Ibrahim); Rahman, T. J. (Thahira); Thayumanavan, T. (Tha); Lakshmanaperumalsamy, P. (Perumalsamy) Citation Rahman, K. S. M. et al. (2002) 'Bioremediation of gasoline contaminated soil by a bacterial consortium amended with poultry litter, coir pith and rhamnolipid biosurfactant', Bioresource Technology, 81 (1) pp.25-32. DOI 10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00105-5 Publisher Elsevier Journal Bioresource Technology Rights Author can archive post-print (ie final draft post- refereeing). For full details see http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/ [Accessed 17/11/09] Downloaded 17-May-2018 02:11:04 Link to item http://hdl.handle.net/10149/58336 TeesRep - Teesside University's Research Repository - https://tees.openrepository.com/tees
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Bioremediation of gasoline contaminated soil by a bacterialconsortium amended with poultry litter, coir pith and
rhamnolipid biosurfactant
TeesRep - Teesside'sResearch Repository
Item type Article
Authors Rahman, P. K. S. M. (Pattanathu); Banat, I. M. (Ibrahim);Rahman, T. J. (Thahira); Thayumanavan, T. (Tha);Lakshmanaperumalsamy, P. (Perumalsamy)
Citation Rahman, K. S. M. et al. (2002) 'Bioremediation of gasolinecontaminated soil by a bacterial consortium amended withpoultry litter, coir pith and rhamnolipid biosurfactant',Bioresource Technology, 81 (1) pp.25-32.
DOI 10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00105-5
Publisher Elsevier
Journal Bioresource Technology
Rights Author can archive post-print (ie final draft post-refereeing). For full details seehttp://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/ [Accessed 17/11/09]
Downloaded 17-May-2018 02:11:04
Link to item http://hdl.handle.net/10149/58336
TeesRep - Teesside University's Research Repository - https://tees.openrepository.com/tees
BIOREMEDIATION OF GASOLINE CONTAMINATED SOIL BY BACTERIAL
CONSORTIUM AMENDED WITH POULTRY LITTER, COIR PITH AND
RHAMNOLIPID BIOSURFACTANT
K.S.M. Rahmana*, I. M. Banat a, J. Thahiraa, Tha. Thayumanavanb &
P. Lakshmanaperumalsamyb
a Biotechnology Group, School of Environmental Studies, University of Ulster,
Coleraine –BT52 1SA , Northern Ireland, UK
bDepartment of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar University,
Coimbatore – 641 046, Tamilnadu, India.
* Corresponding Author present address:
Dr Pattanathu K.S.M. Rahman Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering Group School of Science and Engineering Teesside University, Middlesbrough - TS1 3BA Teesvalley, United Kingdom. Tel: +44-1642-384669 Email: [email protected]
2
ABSTRACT
The aim of the present study was to find methods for enhancing rates of hydrocarbon
biodegradation in gasoline contaminated soil by ex-situ bioremediation. Red soil (RS)
was treated with gasoline spilled soil (GS) from a gasoline station and different
combinations of amendments were prepared using (i) mixed bacterial consortium (MC)
(ii) poultry litter (PL) (iii) coir pith (CP) and (iv) rhamnolipid biosurfactant (BS)
produced by Pseudomonas sp. DS10-129. The study was conducted for a period of 90
days during which bacterial growth, hydrocarbon degradation and growth parameters
of Phaseolus aureus RoxB including seed germination, chlorophyll content, shoot and
root length were measured. Approximately 67% and 78% of the hydrocarbons were
effectively degraded within 60 days in soil samples amended with RS+
GS+MC+PL+CP+BS at 0.1% and 1% respectively. Maximum percentage of seed
germination, shoot length, root length and chlorophyll content in P. aureus were
recorded after 60 days in the above amendments. Further incubation to 90 days did not
exhibit significant improvements. Statistical analysis using Analysis of Variance
(ANOVA) and Duncan’s Multiple Range test (DMRT) revealed that the level of
amendments, incubation time and combination of amendments significantly influenced
bacterial growth, hydrocarbon degradation, seed germination and chlorophyll content
at a 1% probability level. All tested additives MC, PL, CP and Rhamnolipid
biosurfactant had significant positive effects on the bioremediation of gasoline spilled
a, b, c, d, e = Arithmetic means with the same letter are not significantly different from each other at 5% probability
level by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT).
@ = Standard Error
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Table 3. Shoot length of 10days old seedlings of Phaseolus aureus Rox B seeds in control and gasoline spilled soil treated with different amendments for a period of up to 90 days.
S. No.
Shoot length (cm)
Treatments / Days Concentration(0.1%) Concentration(1%)
1 15 30 60 90 1 15 30 60 90
1 RS 12.1a ± 0.05@
12.3a ± 0.17
12.6a ± 0.34
12.7a ± 0.40
12.93a ± 0.23 12.4a
± 0.23 13.0a ± 0.28
12.83a ± 0.577
12.9b ± 0.23
12.7b ± 0.40
2. RS+GS 7.2d ± 0.11
7.4d ± 0.23
7.4d ± 0.23
7.7c ± 0.40
7.8d ± 0.17 7.2d
± 0.11 7.5e ± 0.28
7.6d ± 0.34
7.7d ± 0.11
7.7d ± 0.40
3. RS+GS+MC 7.2d ± 0.23
7d ± 0.28
6.7d ± 0.40
6.5d ± 0.28
6.3e ± 0.17 7.3d
± 0.17 7e
± 0.28 6.6e ± 0.34
6.4e ± 0.23
6.33e ± 0.34
4. RS+GS+MC+PL 8.4c ± 0.23
8.7c ± 0.40
9.1c ± 0.05
9.4b ± 0.23
9.1c ± 0.05 8.7c
± 0.40 9.3d ± 0.17
9.7c ± 0.40
10.7c ± 0.40
10.6e ± 0.34
5. RS+GS+MC+PL+CP 9.1bc ± 0.23
10.2b ± 0.11
11.4b ± 0.23
11.9a ± 0.51
11.93b ± 0.23 9.7b
± 0.4010.2c ± 0.11
11.4b ± 0.23
12.6b ± 0.34
12.5b ± 0.28
6. RS+GS+MC+PL+CP+BS 9.3b ± 0.17
10.5b ± 0.28
10.9b ± 0.51
12.1a ± 0.05
12.3ab ± 0.17 10.4b
± 0.23 11.3b ± 0.17
13.1a ± 0.05
15.3a ± 0.17
15a ± 0.57
RS – Red soil GS – Gasoline spilled soil MC – Mixed consortium
a, b, c, d, e = Arithmetic means with the same letter are not significantly different from each other at 5% probability
level by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT).
@ = Standard Error
18
Table 4. Root length of 10days old seedlings of Phaseolus aureus Rox B seeds in control and gasoline spilled soil treated with different amendments for a period of up to 90 days.
S. No.
Root length (cm)
Treatments / Days Concentration(0.1%) Concentration(1%)
1 15 30 60 90 1 15 30 60 90
1 RS 7.3a ± 0.11@
7.7a ± 0.11
7.4a ± 0.23
7.6b ± 0.05
7.9ab ± 0.23 7.2a
± 0.11 7.4a ± 0.23
7.4b ± 0.11
7.5bc ± 0.17
7.7b ± 0.11
2. RS+GS 4.2c ± 0.11
4.47cd ± 0.11
4.7c ± 0.40
4.7d ± 0.11
4.9d ± 0.23 4.1d
± 0.05 4.4d ± 0.23
4.5d ± 0.28
4.7d ± 0.11
4.77d ± 0.34
3. RS+GS+MC 4.3c ± 0.17
4d ± 0.11
4d ± 0.23
3.8e ± 0.17
3.8e ± 0.23 4.2d
± 0.11 3.8d ± 0.46
3.7e ±0.40
3.4e ± 0.23
3.4e ± 0.28
4. RS+GS+MC+PL 4.7bc ± 0.40
4.9c ± 0.11
5.3c ± 0.17
6.1c ± 0.05
6e ± 0.28 5.3c
± 0.17 5.7c ± 0.40
6.2c ± 0.11
6.9c ± 0.23
6.9c ± 0.28
5. RS+GS+MC+PL+CP 5.2b ± 0.11
5.8b ± 0.46
6.5b ± 0.28
7.3b ± 0.17
7.3b ±
0.28 5.9bc
± 0.23 6.6b ±0.34
7.1b ± 0.05
7.9b ± 0.23
7.77b ± 0.28
6. RS+GS+MC+PL+CP+BS 5.2b ± 0.11
5.9b ± 0.23
7.3a ± 0.17
8.3a ± 0.17
8.3a ± 0.11 6.3b
± 0.17 7.2ab ± 0.11
8.5a ± 0.28
9.7a ± 0.11
9.4a ± 0.23
RS – Red soil GS – Gasoline spilled soil MC – Mixed consortium
a, b, c, d, e = Arithmetic means with the same letter are not significantly different from each other at 5% probability
level by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT).
@ = Standard Error
19
Table 5. Chlorophyll content of 10days old seedlings of Phaseolus aureus Rox B seeds in control and gasoline spilled soil treated with different amendments for a period of up to 90 days.
S. No.
Chlorophyll (mg/g)
Treatments / Days Concentration(0.1%) Concentration(1%)
C x A 44.73 87.67 ** 0.78 1.54 ** 1.84 3.62 ** 0.18 0.36 ** 0.14 0.28 ** 0.019 0.038 **
C x D 40.83 80.03 ** 0.71 1.40 ** 1.68 3.30 ns 0.16 0.33 ns 0.13 0.26 ns 0.017 0.035 **
A x D 70.28 138.6 ** 1.24 2.44 ** 2.92 5.72 ** 0.29 0.57 ** 0.23 0.45 ** 0.030 0.060 **
C x A x D 100.0 196.0 ** 1.76 3.46 * 4.13 8.09 * 0.41 0.80 ns 0.32 0.64 ns 0.043 0.085 **
SE - Standard Error * Significant at 5% probability level CD -Cumulative Difference ** Significant at 1% probability level SL - Significant level ns - not significant at 1% or 5% probability levels
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FIGURES LEGENDS
Fig 1 Bacterial growth during various treatments at regular intervals in gasoline spilled
soil. The figure title A is results of the treatment with 0.1 % amendments and title B is
results of the treatment with 1.0 % amendments.
Fig 2. Hydrocarbon degradation during various treatments at regular intervals in gasoline
spilled soil. The figure title A is results of the treatment with 0.1 % amendments and title B
is results of the treatment with 1.0 % amendments.