Radio-frequency_identification

MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM

PRESENTATION ON

RFID

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Overview

What is RFID?Brief HistoryHow RFID WorksCurrent ApplicationsFuture ApplicationsPotential ResearchAdvantages and Disadvantages Privacy concernRegulationsConclusion

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What is RFID?

RFID is an acronym for radio frequency identification.

Briefly the RF stand for “radio-frequency” and ID means “identifier” that allows an item,

The use of radio frequency tags to identify real objects, for instance a library book, to be identified, accessed, stored, reprogrammed and communicated by using radio waves

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Brief History

First Bar code patents – 1930sFirst use of RFID device – 2nd world war – Britain

used RFID-like technology for Identify- Friend or Foe

Commercial Operation begun from 1960’s …In 1970s developers, inventors, companies,

academic institution and government sectors were actively worked on RFID

Most common application were tracked person and objects, identified goods in supply chain, reusable container, high value tools, security, controlling access to building, networks, payment systems and other assets.

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Identification Examples

Bar CodesLicense PlatesSocial Security NumbersStudent IDSerial NumbersCar KeysDatabase Keys

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How Does RFID Work?

3 Components Transceiver – Tag

Reader Transponder – RFID

tag Antenna

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A generic RFID system

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RFID Hardware

Propagation Coupling

TransceiverTag Reader

antenna

RFIDTag

IC or microprocessor

antenna

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Passive TagsPassive Tags Active TagsActive Tags

No battery: passive tags use the incoming signal through induction

Passive tags only function in the closer range (at the most a few meters).

Low cost: Generally, $0.15 to $5.00

Active tags are powered by batteries.

Longer range (100m+)

High cost: Generally, $15 to $100

Types of Tags

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RFID Applications

Tracking Books in Libraries

Inventory Tracking: Walmart required it of their top 100 vendors

Authorized building access (Prox Cards)

Passports (US passports recently)

AmEx Blue credit cardPrison inmates

(embedded) Livestock Tagging

Passive / Secure EntryAirline Baggage

TrackingPostal Package TrackingTime and AttendanceElectronic Article

Surveillance (EAS)Automated Toll

CollectionVehicle Anti-TheftWild Animal Tracking

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Automated Toll Collection

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Smart Groceries Enhanced

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Smart Fridge

Recognizes what’s been put in itRecognizes when things are removedCreates automatic shopping listsNotifies you when things are past their

expiration

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RFID’s Advantages

Automatically identify objects

Store data on a tagCan be hiddenWork in harsh

environments Improve Customer

Services Easily Prevent Theft

An AUTO-ID based System

A method for controlling inventory

Saving Time and Money

Minimize Work Stress of Staff

Offering Self Check out/in

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RFID’s Disadvantages

Lack of standards!Short range in case of passive tagCostPrivacy concerns

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Privacy Concerns

Tracking an individual’s movements. If RFID tags are embedded in clothing or vehicles, for example, and if there is a sufficiently dense network of readers in place, it becomes possible to track those tags in time and space.

Sense of limiting or controlling: the revelation of personal information such as medical prescription or personal health histories could have an impact on the availability of insurance or employment;

Information leakage. Consumer rights organizations worry about the possibility that e.g. authorities or thieves will be able to monitor people’s personal belongings through small embedded RFID microchips remaining active after purchase.

Impersonation: Impersonation of RFID tags can be achieved by tag cloning, tag swapping, tag reprogramming or spoofing.

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Potential RFID tag-related threats: information leakage and traceabilitypossibility

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Regulation

Currently no global body governing RFID frequency allocation

In Europe, tags must be removed from packaging before disposal due to recycling disruptions and health regulations

There is limited or no regulation of RFID’s for the most part leading to more controversy

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Conclusion

RFID technology is rapidly is becoming more standardized, but problems do still exist

The number of adopters of RFID technology is growing

Regulation and education is necessary to quell some of the fears regarding RFID technology and it’s implications

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THANK YOU