Radiation-matter interaction Classical dipoles • Dipole radiation • Power radiated by a classical dipole in an inhomogeneous environment • The local density of optical states (LDOS) Quantum emitters • Lifetime of quantum emitters • Fluorescence lifetime measurements • Fermi’s Golden Rule and decay-rate engineering by shaping LDOS Spontaneous emission control • Drexhage’s experiment • The Purcell effect • Microcavities Optical antennas • Radiation reaction in dipolar scatterers • Decay-rate engineering with optical antennas www.photonics.ethz.ch 1
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Radiation-matter interaction - Photonics...Radiation-matter interaction Classical dipoles • Dipole radiation • Power radiated by a classical dipole in an inhomogeneous environment
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Radiation-matter interactionClassical dipoles
• Dipole radiation
• Power radiated by a classical dipole in an inhomogeneous environment
• The local density of optical states (LDOS)
Quantum emitters
• Lifetime of quantum emitters
• Fluorescence lifetime measurements
• Fermi’s Golden Rule and decay-rate engineering by shaping LDOS
Spontaneous emission control
• Drexhage’s experiment
• The Purcell effect
• Microcavities
Optical antennas
• Radiation reaction in dipolar scatterers
• Decay-rate engineering with optical antennas
www.photonics.ethz.ch 1
www.photonics.ethz.ch 2
Recap
Decay rate of quantum emitter: Power dissipated by classical dipole:
Transition dipole moment is NOT classical dipole moment, but
Classical electromagnetism CANNOT make a statement about the absolute decay rate of a quantum emitter.BUT: Classical electromagnetism CAN predict the decay rate enhancement provided by a photonic system as compared to a reference system.
www.photonics.ethz.ch 3
Rate enhancement – quantum vs. classical
Decay rate of quantum emitter: Power dissipated by classical dipole:
Transition dipole moment is NOT classical dipole moment, but
The LDOS is a “radiation resistance” and quantifies the radiation damping experienced by a source of electromagnetic fields.
www.photonics.ethz.ch 4
Rate enhancement – quantum vs. classical
Decay rate of quantum emitter: Power dissipated by classical dipole:
EmitterTransition dipole moment:Wave function engineering by synthesizing molecules, and quantum dots
Chemistry, material science
EnvironmentLDOS: Electromagnetic mode engineering by shaping boundary conditions for Maxwell’s equations