RAC_Lect1-1

Refrigeration and Air Conditioning (ME 439)

Instructor Dr. Muhammad Asif

GA Engr. Tariq

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering

Introduction of Instructor Education B.Sc in Mechanical Engineering (UET LHR. 2002-2006)

M.Sc in Mechancal Engineering (Hanyang Uni. Korea 2008-2010)

PhD in Mechancal Engineering (Hanyang Uni. Korea 2012-2015)

Work Experience -Project Engineer (Packages Ltd, BSPM Project)

- Lecturer ( HITEC University)

- Lecturer (IIU Islamabad)

Research Experience - Process design, modeling and simulation

- IGCC (integrated gasification combine cycle)

- Coal gasification

- CO2 capture

Books: Text books 1. Heating, ventilation and air-conditioning: analysis and

design, 6th edition by McQuiston, Parker and Spitler. 6th

Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. B1

2. Refrigeration and air-conditioning, W.F Stoecker, J.W

Jones. 2nd edition, McGraw Hill. B2

3. Additional class notes ( power point presentation)

Reference book

HVAC systems design handbook, 4th edition, Roger W.

Haines, C. Lewis Wilson, Mc Graw-Hill

Course Contents Refrigeration ( Ch. 15 of B1+Ch 10 of B2) • Fundamentals of refrigeration • Design of air and vapor compression cycles • Absorption cycle • Components of refrigeration and their types Review of thermodynamic fundamentals with reference to RAC: ( Class notes) • Basic thermodynamic fundamentals and principles Air conditioning: (Ch. 2 of B1+ Ch 5 of B2) • introduction, parts, complete AC system, types, and components Moist air properties and conditioning processes: (Ch. 3 of B1+ Ch. 3 of B2) • Moist air properties, and fundamental parameters, • Psychometric chart

Course Contents Comfort and Health: (Ch. 4 of B1+ Ch 3 of B2) • Physiological considerations, environmental indices, comfort conditions, IAQ concerns, contaminants, controlling contaminants Heat transmission in building structures: (Ch 5 of B1+ class notes) • Modes of heat transfer, heat transfer coefficients for walls, roofs, windows, doors, floor slabs, pipes (horizontal, buried), and moisture transmission. Space heat load analysis (Ch. 6 of B1+ Ch4 of B2) • Outdoor and indoor design conditions, transmission heat losses, infiltration, crack method, air-change method, draft coefficient, calculation aids, heat losses in air ducts

Cooling load analysis: (Ch. 8 of B1+Ch. 4 of B2) • balance and terminologies, design conditions, heat balance method, formulation, modes of radiation, transparent surfaces, zone air heat balance, radiant time series method, application of methods, supply air quality Fluid flow, pumps, and piping design: (Ch. 10 of B1+ class notes) • fluid flow basics and terminologies, flow measurement, centrifugal pumps, combined system and pump characteristics, variable pump speed, piping design system, closed and open-loop systems, pipe sizing, air elimination, large system design, steam heating systems Fans and building air duct design: (Ch. 12 of B1+ Ch 6 of B2) • Fans and their performance, fan laws, fan types and selection, installation of fans, restrictions, field performance testing, variable-air-volume systems, flow through ducts and fitting, duct systems, duct design

Evaluation Methods Quizzes 15% Assignment Sessions 10% Mini Project 5% Midterm Exam 25% Final Exams 45%

Quizzes & Assignment Sessions

Total 7 Quizzes & 7 Assignment Sessions. But for grading 5 best

quizzes and 5 best assignments will be consider

One mini-project

No surprise quiz

Both quiz & assignment session will be conducted in one sitting

No retake / make-up for missed quizzes / assignments

According to institute policy, 80% attendance is mandatory

Course Objectives

Application of thermodynamic and heat transfer to

refrigeration and air-conditioning

Solving problems; designing of refrigeration, HVAC systems,

pipes and ducts.

Students will gain the knowledge about types of refrigeration

and HVAC system, design, operation, and their impact on the

environment.

Week-1

Introduction to the course(overview)

Fundamentals of RAC and its application,

Review of thermodynamic fundamentals and principles

What is Refrigeration

Refrigeration is the process of producing and maintaining

lower temperature within a confined space, lower than the

temperature of the surrounding, up to target temperature.

Refrigeration means continuous extraction of heat from a

body whose temperature is already below the temperature

of the surrounding.

Units of Refrigeration Ton of Refrigeration (TR)

Heat extraction capacity of refrigeration and air conditioning

equipment.

The rate of heat removal required to freeze a metric ton (

1000 kg) of water at 0 ℃ in 24 hours.

Relation between Refrigeration and Air conditioning

Why RAC is important

• It has application from domestic to commercial units.

• Cold storage (Food, Beverage, Medicines)

• Processing and Preservation of food

• Refrigeration systems in Submarines, ships, air crafts,

Space-craft

• Water Coolers

A Refrigerator

A Refrigerator with Freezer

An Ice Maker

A Freezer

Application in domestic used

Automobiles Air Conditioning System

Ammonia based refrigeration plant for a large cold storage according To ASHRAE American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers

Desalination of Water

FREEZING DESALINATION PROCESS

Air Separation Unit (ASU)

- Oxygen

- Nitrogen

- Argon

Chillers of a Central Air Conditioning System

Ice Block Machine Plant