Top Banner

of 35

Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

Apr 06, 2018

Download

Documents

Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    1/35

    1??

    H`~rijai L* Ofof `jl Tea|fr\gfb{qfj

    0?_`ae`hesil B`qq

    Eja`rair`|efj[ftir|u( [ricyleai( `jl

    [yjeqgbij|

    \geq iqq`u b`ej|`ejq |g`| |gi Yje|il Q|`|iq g`q litihf{il ` ji~( liaelilhu{yje|eti h`~ `jl frlir rinebi |g`| `| e|q afri di`|yriq r`ae`hesil b`qq ej"a`rair`|efj* ^i ~ehh qgf~ |g`| ftir |gi {`q| |ger|u ui`rq |gi Yje|il Q|`|iqg`q nfji fj `j eja`rair`|efj oejni( ` oejni |g`| g`q d`hhij ~e|g r`lea`hhuleq{rf{fr|efj`|i qitire|u fj |gi @drea`j @birea`j afbbyje|u* \gi reqi fd |gir`ae`hesil b`qq eja`rair`|efj qfaei|u eq `||reoy|`ohi |f |gi qebyh|`jifyq {rf"aiqqiq fd yro`j qfaefiafjfbea riq|rya|yrejn |g`| {rflyail ej|ijqeffil ngi||f{ftir|u `jl qitiri qfae`h leq`lt`j|`ni `jl leqhfa`|efjq |grfyng |gi 057;q |f|gi {riqij|( fj |gi fji g`jl( `jl ` qireiq fd qfae`h {fheau `a|efjq '`jl jfj`a"

    |efjq% |g`| b`li c`eh fr {reqfj `bfjn |gi {reb`ru riq{fjqiq |f yro`j qfae`hleq|riqq( fj |gi f|gir g`jl* Lyrejn |geq |ebi( qfae`h {fheau |ffm |geq lii{hu{yje|eti |yrj ej qyoq|`j|e`h bi`qyri `q ` riqyh| fd |gi iddia|q fd `j|e"oh`amr`aeqb ej @birea`j ayh|yri `jl {yohea f{ejefj* Fji riqyh| fd |giqi aerayb"q|`jaiq eq qirefyq {rfohib fd hine|eb`au dfr |gi arebej`h cyq|eai quq|ib ej |giiuiq fd b`ju @birea`jq( iq{iae`hhu oy| jf| iwahyqetihu @drea`j @birea`jq*

    `h|gfyng ` qb`hh |f~j ~e|g ` {f{yh`|efj fd hiqq |g`j 9(;;; (

    \yhe`( \iw`q( eq jf~ |ryhu jf|frefyq {h`ai* Ej |gi qybbir fd 0555( yj"liraftir {fheai f{ir`|eti \fb Afhib`j( h`|ir j`bil \iw`q H`~b`j fd

    79559 0? 1??"194 r0 mf*ejll 1??79559 0? 1??"194 r0 mf*ejll 1?? 0&>&0; 73

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    2/35

    _`ae`hesil B`qq Eja`rair`|efj h`~rijai l* ofof `jl tea|fr |gfb{qfj 1?1

    |gi Ui`r( hil q|ejn f{ir`|efj |g`| riqyh|il ej dfr|u"qew rriq|q* Afhib`j

    |iq|effil ej jybirfyq |re`hq ej afjjia|efj ~e|g |giqi rriq|q |gfyng |giri

    ~iri yqy`hhu jf afrrfofr`|ejn ~e|jiqqiq( jf |`{i"riafrlil fr telif|`{illryn q`hiq( jf ~i`{fjq afjffqa`|il( jf {ehiq fd bfjiu qiesil( jfr nri`|

    qy{{heiq fd lrynq itir dfyjl* Ejliil( |gi q|fru ijlq o`lhu dfr Afhib`j(

    fjai afjqeliril qubofh fd ter|yfyq jl `nnriqqetihu {yrqyil `r fj

    Lrynq 'qf j`bil ou |gi dilir`h nftirjbij|%* Gi ~`q riaij|hu afjtea|il

    fd {ircyru jl {h`ail fj |ij ui`rq {rfo`|efj ou |gi afyr|q*0

    ^gu qyag jf|frei|u6 \yhe` `jl Fdffair Afhib`j `ri jf~ |gi {ijyh"

    |eb`|i qubofhq fd ` lryn ~`r ryj `bfm `jl fd lii{"qi`|il r`ae`h oe`q

    ej |gi arebej`h cyq|eai quq|ib* Dfr|u fd |gi `rriq|il |f~jq{if{hi ~iri

    oh`am `jl |gi rib`ejejn qew ~iri ie|gir H`|ejfq fr f|gir~eqi ahfqi |f|gi oh`am afbbyje|u 'e*i*( ~ge|iq b`rreil |f oh`amq%* Bfq| qenjeffa`j|hu(

    `hh fd |gfqi eja`rair`|ilbfri |g`j |~ij|u {if{hi q{ij| |ebi ej c`eh(

    ~giri`q b`ju f|girq ~iri ej|ebel`|il ej|f |`mejn {hi` li`hq~iri

    yh|eb`|ihu {`rlfjil ou |gi |gij _i{yohea`j nftirjfr( riaietil qenjeff"

    a`j| a`qg qi||hibij|q drfb |gi hfa`h nftirjbij|( jl yh|eb`|ihu ~fj ,9

    behhefj ej l`b`niq n`ejq| |gi jf~ leqo`jlil Dilir`h Lryn \`qm dfrai

    dfr ~geag Afhib`j ~frmil*?

    Fd afyrqi( drfb fji t`j|`ni {fej|( \yhe` eq ` nri`| `oirr`|efj `||reoy|"

    `ohi |f |gi ftirsi`hfyqjiqq fd fji rfnyi af{* i ricia| |geq ej|ir{ri|`|efj*\geq ~fyhl oi ` bfri arileohi {fqe|efj ed fji fr |~f r`|gir |g`j bfri

    |g`j |~ij|u {if{hi g`l jf| oiij ~rfjnhu eb{reqfjil* Fr( {irg`{q( ed

    hf~ir"hitih fdffae`hq g`l ej|irtijil |f {ritij| ` |r`tiq|u fd cyq|eai r`|gir

    |g`j ari`|ejn ` afj|iw| ~giriej |gi q|`|i hineqh`|yri `jl nftirjfr ~iri

    ffj`hhu afb{ihhil |f a| q riqyh| fd hin`h jl {fhe|ea`h {riqqyri* Drfb |gi

    tiru fy|qi|( ejliil( q{ia|q fd |gi a`qi e|qihd a`q| lfyo| fj qyag nijirfyq

    ej|ir{ri|`|efj 'e*i*( |gi h`am fd itelijai Afhib`j {rftelil( qitir`h i`rhu

    ejq|`jaiq fd leqbeqqil ag`rniq ~gij geq `hhin`|efjq ~iri i`qehu {rftij |f

    oi afb{hi|i d`orea`|efjq( `jl |gi rfy|eji ~`u ej ~geag `hh"~ge|i \yhe`cyreiq ri{i`|ilhu afjtea|il |gier `rny`ohu ~ihh"mjf~j oh`am jiengofrq

    `jl qij| |gib fdd |f {reqfj liq{e|i lyoefyq ag`rniq%* Drfb `jf|gir `jl

    bfri arileohi t`j|`ni {fej|( gf~itir( \yhe` eq `jf|gir iw`b{hi fd |gi

    0 Qii |gi dfhhf~ejn ji~q ri{fr|q ou @l`b He{|`m3 \iw`q Nftirjfr [`rlfjq 19 @rriq|il ej \`ej|il

    Q|ejn(Ji~ Ufrm \ebiq( @ynyq| ?1( ?;;1= jl Q|iti O`rjiq( J`|efj`h OreiffjnxQfy|g~iq|3 \iw`q3 Iw"

    J`raf|eaq @nij| Ni|q 0; Ui`rq [rfo`|efj(Ji~ Ufrm \ebiq( C`jy`ru 05( ?;;9*? Qii @l`b He{|`m( ,9 Behhefjq Qi||hibij| Ijlq A`qi fd \`ej|il \iw q Q|ejn(Ji~ Ufrm \ebiq( B`rag

    00( ?;;

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    3/35

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    4/35

    _`ae`hesil B`qq Eja`rair`|efj h`~rijai l* ofof `jl tea|fr |gfb{qfj 1?9

    jyboir g`l ri`agil `ofti 0*9 behhefj* Ed ufy ejahyli |gi jyboir fd

    {if{hi ej c`ehq( |gi |f|`h {f{yh`|efj oigejl o`rq ej |gi Yje|il Q|`|iq ~`q

    bfri |g`j ?*1 behhefj* @hh |fhl( `q |gi ffnyri qgf~q( ou ?;;> |giri ~iribfri |g`j >*1 behhefj {if{hi yjlir qfbi dfrb fd q|`|i qy{irteqefj( `

    ffnyri bfri |g`j |grii |ebiq |gi r`|i foqirtil ej 057;* _iaij| ri{fr|q ou

    |gi Oyri`y fd Cyq|eai Q|`|eq|eaq qynniq| |g`| |rijl dfr nrf~|g afj|ejyiq(

    |gfyng | qheng|hu qhf~ir r`|i fd ejari`qi*

    \gi |rijl ej Denyri 0?*0 eq q|remejn oy| e| hqf yjlirq|`|iq |gi b`nje"

    |yli fd |gi ag`jni* Jf| itelij| ej |geq ffnyri eq |gi d`a| |g`| {reqfj {f{"

    yh`|efj oihf~ 1;;(;;; ag`r`a|iresil bfq| fd |gi |~ij|ei|g aij|yru ej |gi

    Yje|il Q|`|iq* Q|`r|ejn `q e| lfiq ej 057;( |geq ffnyri lfiq jf| dyhhu a`{"

    |yri |gi iw|ribi `jl `ory{| ag`r`a|ir fd |gi yjlirhuejn qfae`h ag`jni(~geag a`j oi |r`ail b`ejhu |f {fq|"057; {fheau ridfrbq* \gi qg`r{ reqi

    ej rihe`jai y{fj eja`rair`|efj eq bfri ri`lehu teqy`hesil ej Denyri 0?*?(

    ~geag |r`aiq cyq| |gi jyboir fd b`hi {reqfj ejb`|iq ej |gi Yje|il Q|`|iq

    drfb 05?9 |f ?;;4* @ bfri |g`j ffd|u"ui`r {irefl fd rih`|eti q|`oehe|u ej

    |gi r`|i fd b`hi eja`rair`|efj ej |gi Yje|il Q|`|iq eq dfhhf~il ou qg`r{

    `jl h`rnihu yj`o`|il ahebo ej |gi {fq|"057; {irefl*

    \gi gi`lheji drfb |giJi~ Ufrm \ebiq jf|il `ofti '0 ej 0;; Y*Q*

    @lyh|q oigejl O`rq% qenj`hq( ffrq|( |gi geng `oqfhy|i jyboir fd {if{hi

    jf~ q~i{| y{ ou |gi arebej`h cyq|eai quq|ib `jl qiafjl( |gi lr`b`|eaori`m ~e|g ` tiru hfjn q|ri|ag fd {refr {r`a|eai |g`| |gi riaij| {irefl

    0;;

    ?;;

    1;;

    ;;7;;

    5;;

    0(;;;

    05?9 0519 059 0579 0559 ?;;9 ?;;>

    QFY_AIQ L`|` drfb [`q|fri( @jj H*( `jl M`|ghiij B`nyeri( ilq* ?;;9* Qfyraioffm fd Arebej`h Cyq|eaiQ|`|eq|eaq* ~~~*`ho`ju*ily&qfyraioffm&{ld&|4?7?;;>*{ld

    DENY_I 0?*? [_EQFJEJB@\IQ[I_0;;(;;;B@HIQ( 05?9?;;>*

    @q fd ?;;>( ji`rhu 0 ej 0;; b`hiq ~iri ej {reqfj '599 {ir 0;;(;;;%*

    79559 0? 1??"194 r0 mf*ejll 1?979559 0? 1??"194 r0 mf*ejll 1?9 0&>&0; 73

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    5/35

    {`r| |grii Ejq|e|y|efj`hesejn Leddirijai1?4

    ri{riqij|q* Arebi {fheau qagfh`rq Gijru _y|g jl Mitej _ie|s gih{ {y|

    |giqi |rijlq ej {irq{ia|eti ej |gier riaij| offm \gi Ag`hhijni fd Arebi*

    Ftir ` fji gyjlril ui`r {irefl( 077; |f 057;( |gi j`|efj `llil `

    |f|`h fd `ofy| ?79(;;; ejb`|iq |f |gi {reqfj quq|ibq* Lyrejn cyq|

    |gi ijqyejn |~ij|u ui`rq( drfb 057; |f ?;;;( |gi j`|efj `llil

    `ofy| 0*0 behhefj ejb`|iq* Drfb 079; |grfyng ?;;;( |gi j`|efjq

    {reqfj quq|ib iw{`jlil `ofy| ?;4 |ebiq ftir( lyrejn ` {irefl fd

    fjhu ofy| |~ihti"dfhl {f{yh`|efj nrf~|g* \f|`h {if{hi fj {rfo`"

    |efj fr {`rfhi q|`|yq rfqi `hbfq| jeji"dfhl oi|~iij 0549 `jl ?;;;*

    '_y|g jl _ie|s ?;;1( ?71%

    Jf| a`{|yril ou |giqi jyboirq eq hqf hijn|gijejn fd |gi tir`ni bfyj|fd |ebi qirtil* B`jl`|fru bejebyb qij|ijaejn nyelihejiq( |grii"q|remiq

    h`~q( t`refyq q{iae`h ijg`jaibij|q 'e*i*( qihhejn lrynq ji`r ` qagffh%( `jl

    |ry|g ej qij|ijaejn {rfteqefjq ijqyri |g`| {if{hi afjtea|il fd arebiq `ri

    jf| fjhu bfri hemihu |f ijl y{ ej {reqfj oy| `ri |giri dfr byag hfjnir

    {ireflq fd |ebi* Hemi~eqi( |gi jyboir fd {reqfjirq eja`rair`|il yjlir

    iw|ribihu g`rqg afjle|efjq( qyag `q eqfh`|efj `jl qitirihu hebe|il gfyrq

    fd {guqea`h bfoehe|u( g`q hqf reqij ~gehi aaiqq |f rig`oehe|`|eti {rfnr`bq

    `jl ilya`|efj`h f{{fr|yje|eiq g`q liahejil '^ge|b`j ?;;1= Er~ej ?;;>%*

    \gi Y*Q* r`|i fd eja`rair`|efj eq jf~ `hqf `rny`ohu fd geq|frea {rf{fr"|efjq dfr ` litihf{il bflirj libfar`au* Fj `j ej|irj`|efj`h qa`hi( `q

    Denyri 0?*1 qgf~q( |gi r`|i fd eja`rair`|efj {ir 0;;(;;; ae|esijq ej |gi

    Yje|il Q|`|iq d`r iwaiilq |g`| fd hh f|gir iq|irj ejlyq|re`h j`|efjq* \gi

    r`|ef r`jniq drfb ` hf~ fd rfynghu dfyr |f fji ~gij afb{`ril |f fyr

    ahfqiq| jiengofr( Biweaf( |f tiru ji`rhu |~ihti |f fji ~gij afb{`ril |f

    {h`aiq hemi Q~ilij `jl C`{`j* Fjhu _yqqe` afbiq ahfqi( ~giri |gi bfq|

    riaij| l`|` qgf~ `j eja`rair`|efj r`|i fd 4?4 {ir 0;;(;;; `q afb{`ril

    |f ` Y*Q* r`|i fd >4? {ir 0;;(;;; ej ?;;7* Itij |gi Afbbyjeq| rinebi ej

    Ayo`( `| 910 {ir 0;;(;;;( d`ehq |f ri`ag |gi Y*Q* q|`jl`rl ~gij e| afbiq|f eja`rair`|ejn e|q {f{yh`|efj* @q |giJi~ Ufrm \ebiq ile|fre`h liah`ril

    fj B`rag 0;( ?;;7( J`|efj~eli( |gi {reqfj {f{yh`|efj gftirq `| `hbfq|

    0*4 behhefj( ~geag qyr{`qqiq `hh f|gir afyj|reiq dfr ~geag |giri `ri rihe"

    `ohi ffnyriq* \gi 9; q|`|iq h`q| ui`r q{ij| `ofy| ,* Tirbfj|( Afjjia|eay|(

    Lih`~`ri( Beagen`j( jl Frinfj litf|i q byag bfjiu fr bfri |f afr"

    ria|efjq `q |giu lf |f gengir ilya`|efj* \giqi q|`|eq|eaq * * * {fej| |f ` |ir"

    reohi ~`q|i fd bfjiu jl hetiq*

    Drfb fji t`j|`ni {fej| fd foqirt`|efj |geq |r`jqdfrb`|efj a`j oi`aayr`|ihu h`oihil b`qq eja`rair`|efj* Hin`h qagfh`r `jl qfaefhfneq|

    79559 0? 1??"194 r0 mf*ejll 1?479559 0? 1??"194 r0 mf*ejll 1?4 0&>&0; 73

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    6/35

    _`ae`hesil B`qq Eja`rair`|efj h`~rijai l* ofof `jl tea|fr |gfb{qfj 1?>

    L`tel N`rh`jl liffjil |gi b`qq eb{reqfjbij| qfaei|u `q g`tejn |~f

    di`|yriq3 ffrq|( ` r`|i fd eb{reqfjbij| |g`| eq b`rmilhu `ofti |gi

    geq|frea`h `jl afb{`r`|eti jfrb dfr qfaei|eiq fd |geq |u{i( `jl qiafjl(

    |gi qfae`h afjaij|r`|efj fd eb{reqfjbij| iddia|q( qyag |g`| eja`rair`"

    |efj ai`qiq |f oi eja`rair`|efj fd ejletely`h fddijlirq jl oiafbiq |gi

    quq|ib`|ea eb{reqfjbij| fd ~gfhi nrfy{q fd |gi {f{yh`|efj 'N`rh`jl

    ?;;0( 94%*

    Drfb ` leddirij| t`j|`ni {fej|( gf~itir( |gi h`oih b`qq eja`rair`|efj

    foqayriq |gi rfhi fd r`ai ej |geq qfae`h afjaij|r`|efj fd eb{reqfjbij|* \gi0 ej 0;; gi`lheji ~i pyf|il afyhl cyq| `q i`qehu( lr`~ejn ffnyriq drfb

    |gi q`bi [i~ Aij|ir _i{fr| '?;;7%( g`ti oiij 0 ej 09 @drea`j @birea`jq

    oigejl O`rq( fr itij bfri leq|riqqejn( 0 ej 5 Oh`am Bij( `ni ?; |f 1< oi"

    gejl O`rq* \g`| eq( ~gehi |gi ftir`hh Y*Q* r`|i fd eja`rair`|efj eq y{ tiru

    qyoq|`j|e`hhu( |geq qged| g`q d`hhij ~e|g r`lea`hhu leq{rf{fr|efj`|i qitire|u fj

    @drea`j @birea`jq( {`r|eayh`rhu hf~"ejafbi `jl {ffrhu ilya`|il oh`amq*

    Ejliil( |gi ijl riqyh| g`q oiij qg`r{ ftirri{riqij|`|efj fd oh`amq ej

    c`ehq `jl {reqfjq* Ej ?;;>( `q Denyri 0?*< qgf~q( oh`am b`hiq afjq|e|y|il

    rfynghu 15 {iraij| fd eja`rair`|il b`hiq ej q|`|i( dilir`h( jl hfa`h {req"fjq fr c`ehq( |gfyng ri{riqij|ejn fjhu 0? {iraij| fd |gi |f|`h `lyh| b`hi

    >4?

    4?4

    951

    910

    11

    09?

    0?5

    005

    004

    54

    77

    > 0&>&0; 73

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    7/35

    {`r| |grii Ejq|e|y|efj`hesejn Leddirijai1?7

    {f{yh`|efj* ge|i b`hiq( fj |gi f|gir g`jl( afjq|e|y|il cyq| 14*0 {iraij|

    fd |gi b`hi ejb`|i {f{yh`|efj ej ?;;>( ~ihh yjlir |gier 49*4 {iraij| fd

    |gi |f|`h b`hi {f{yh`|efj* \gi Geq{`jea {f{yh`|efj( ~geag afjq|e|y|iq

    `ofy| ?; {iraij| fd |gi |f|`h ejb`|i {f{yh`|efj( eq `hqf ftirri{riqij|il

    oy| eq byag ahfqir |f e|q rih`|eti qg`ri fd |gi |f|`h {f{yh`|efj fd `ofy|

    04 {iraij|*

    @n`ej( |giqi fji qheai ej |ebi jyboirq( itij `q iw|ribi `q |giu `ri(

    b`u d`eh |f afjtiu |gi ijfrbe|u fd |gi |r`jqdfrb`|efj |g`| g`q |`mij{h`ai* Ej of|g `oqfhy|i jyboir `jl ej |irbq fd ftir"|ebi ag`jni( |gi

    eja`rair`|efj fd @drea`j @birea`jq g`q ri`agil iw|r`frlej`ru hitihq* Ej

    059

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    8/35

    _`ae`hesil B`qq Eja`rair`|efj h`~rijai l* ofof `jl tea|fr |gfb{qfj 1?5

    g`q lfaybij|il( |gi oh`am eja`rair`|efj r`|i ji`rhu |re{hil oi|~iij

    057; `jl ?;;; `jl eq jf~ ftir ieng| |ebiq |g`| dfr jfj"Geq{`jea ~ge|iq*

    Ejliil( dyhhu ? {iraij| fd |gi oh`am {f{yh`|efj ~`q eja`rair`|il ej 0555`jl fji ej |ij oh`am b`hiq ej |gier |~ij|eiq ~iri yjlir qfbi dfrb fd

    arebej`h cyq|eai qy{irteqefj* \geq ag`jni g`q ri`agil qyag ` hitih |g`|

    ` oh`am b`hi ofrj ej |gi 055;q d`ail `hbfq| fji ej |grii hedi|ebi fllq

    fd ijlejn y{ ej c`eh fr {reqfj `q afb{`ril |f ~ihh yjlir fji ej |ij hedi"

    |ebi ag`jaiq dfr jfj"Geq{`jea ~ge|i b`hiq 'Ohybq|iej ?;;0%* \geq eq

    jf| birihu ` q|fru fd b`qq eja`rair`|efj3 e| eq fji fd r`ae`hesil b`qq

    eja`rair`|efj*

    Q\_YA\Y_@HAG@JNI@JL[YOHEA[FHEAU3_I"EJQA_EOEJN_@AIEJ\GIA_EBEJ@HCYQ\EAIQUQ\IB

    Leq|ejnyeqgil hin`h qagfh`r _`jl`hh Mijjilu '055>% elij|effiq yjipy`h

    {rf|ia|efj fd |gi h`~ `jl yjipy`h ijdfraibij| fd |gi h`~ `q |gi {rejae"

    {`h bi`jq ~giriou @drea`j @birea`jq ~iri leqarebej`|il `n`ejq| ej

    |gi hin`h quq|ib* Ou yjipy`h {rf|ia|efj gi bi`jq rfy|ejes`|efj fd hiqqir

    {rf|ia|efj ou |gi hin`h quq|ib( {`r|eayh`rhu hiqqir {rf|ia|efj fd oh`amq

    ~gij tea|ebesil ou ~ge|iq* Ou yjipy`h ijdfraibij| Mijjilu bi`jq |gi`aai{|`jai fd roe|r`ru( a`{reaefyq( jl f{ijhu leqarebej`|fru |ri`|bij|

    fd |gfqi @drea`j @birea`jq liqenj`|il q arebi qyq{ia|q* Jf|frefyq a`qiq

    ej |gi yjipy`h {rf|ia|efj a`|infru ~fyhl ejahyli afjlfjejn fr enjfrejn

    {guqea`h tefhijai ou ~ge|i qh`ti f~jirq n`ejq| oh`amq( ejahylejn qiwy`h

    `qq`yh|q `jl |gi r`{i fd oh`am qh`ti ~fbij ou |gier ~ge|i b`hi qh`ti

    b`q|irq* \gi h`||ir a`|infru fd yjipy`h ijdfraibij| ejahyliq bfo ryhi

    `jl ryqg |f cylnbij| ej |gi d`ai fd hujagejn bij|`he|u( |fr|yril afj"

    diqqefjq( jfjiweq|ij| fr ejafb{i|ij| hin`h afyjqih( `jl leria| nftirj"

    bij| qyotirqefj fd oh`am qfae`h jl {fhe|ea`h a|eteqb q faayrril lyrejnF{ir`|efj AFEJ\IH[_F* AFEJ\IH[_F ~`q ` Dilir`h Oyri`y fd

    Ejtiq|en`|efj {rfnr`b fd qyrtiehh`jai `jl liq|`oehes`|efj fd lfbiq|ea

    {fhe|ea`h a|eteq| nrfy{q* \gi Oh`am [`j|girq oia`bi fji fd e|q {rejae{`h

    |`rni|q( jl ej |geq a`qi |gi DOEq a|ete|eiq ri`agil d`r oiufjl bfje|fr"

    ejn |f ejahyli q{`rmejn afjea|q ~e|g rete`h {fhe|ea`h nrfy{q `jl g`tejn

    `nij|q {iji|r`|i nrfy{q ej frlir |f `a| `q `ltfa`|iq fr {rftfa`|iyrq dfr

    afbbe||ejn arebiq 'Mijjilu 055>( 000001%*

    Mijjilu |r`aiq |gi geq|frea`h litihf{bij| fd hin`h ryhejnq `jl hin"

    eqh`|efj( qynniq|ejn |g`| |giqi bfq| inrinefyq( d`erhu ftir|( `jl `| fji|ebi afbbfj iw{riqqefjq fd r`ae`hhu leqarebej`|fru oe`q ej |gi h`~

    79559 0? 1??"194 r0 mf*ejll 1?579559 0? 1??"194 r0 mf*ejll 1?5 0&>&0; 73

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    9/35

    {`r| |grii Ejq|e|y|efj`hesejn Leddirijai11;

    g`ti h`rnihu oiij riqfhtil ej d`tfr fd ` bfri r`ai"jiy|r`h fr afhfr"ohejl

    rinebi* Gi ~re|iq3

    |gi `lbejeq|r`|efj fd arebej`h h`~ g`q ag`jnil qyoq|`j|e`hhu dfr |gi

    oi||ir ftir |gi {`q| g`hd aij|yru `jl |g`| |giri eq ri`qfj |f oiheiti

    |g`|( {rf{irhu nyelil( e| a`j oi eb{rftil itij bfri* \fl`u |giri

    `ri bfri dfrb`h `jl ejdfrb`h {rf|ia|efjq `n`ejq| r`ae`h oe`q |g`j

    itir oidfri( of|g ej |irbq fd |gi {rf|ia|efjq `aafrlil oh`amq `n`ejq|

    arebej`he|u jl |gi |ri`|bij| aafrlil |f oh`am qyq{ia|q( lidijl`j|q(

    `jl afjtea|q* \g`| liffaeijaeiq( h`rni liffaeijaeiq( rib`ej eq ahi`r*

    Oy| afb{`rejn r`ae`h {fheaeiq |fl`u |f |gfqi |g`| {rit`ehil ej 05( 0554% g`q a`hhil |gi ji~ fr ej|ijqeffil ngi||f {ftir|u jl

    |gi {`||irjq fd qfae`h `l`{|`|efj e| g`q q{`~jil( fj |gi fji g`jl( `jl

    ~g`| qfae`h {fheau ag`jniq lel |f dfq|ir {`||irjq fd qfae`h leqfrn`jes`"

    |efj( fj |gi f|gir g`jl* \gi h`||ir ejahyliq qg`r{ rilya|efjq ej dilir`h

    `el |f ae|eiq `jl |gi {`jf{hu fd {fheaejn `jl hin`h ag`jniq |g`| b`li y{

    |gi `r fj Lrynq* \g`| eq( leddirij|e`h oh`am ejtfhtibij| ~e|g arebej`h

    oig`tefr eq {reb`rehu |r`ai`ohi |f leddirij|e`h oh`am iw{fqyri |f q|rya"

    |yr`h afjle|efjq fd iw|ribi {ftir|u( iw|ribi r`ae`h qinrin`|efj( ag`jnil

    h`~ ijdfraibij| {refre|eiq( `jl |gi bflirj hin`au fd r`ae`h f{{riqqefj'B`qqiu 0559= ehqfj 057>= Q`b{qfj jl ehqfj 0559%*

    79559 0? 1??"194 r0 mf*ejll 11;79559 0? 1??"194 r0 mf*ejll 11; 0&>&0; 73

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    10/35

    _`ae`hesil B`qq Eja`rair`|efj h`~rijai l* ofof `jl tea|fr |gfb{qfj 110

    ^ehqfj '057>% qgf~q |g`| b`qqeti iafjfbea riq|rya|yrejn( ej |gi dfrb

    fd |gi li"ejlyq|re`hes`|efj fd |gi @birea`j iafjfbu 'e*i*( qged| drfb

    gi`tu nfflq b`jyd`a|yrejn |f ` qirteai"freij|il `jl ejdfrb`|efj {rf"aiqqejn iafjfbu% `jl |gi li"afjaij|r`|efj fd ejlyq|ru 'e*i*( ` qged| fd

    nfflq b`jyd`a|yrejn drfb ae|eiq |f qyoyro`j fr iw"yro`j rejnq%( afb"

    oejil |f ari`|i ji~( {irqeq|ij|( `jl ej|ijqihu geng r`|iq fd {ftir|u `jl

    yjib{hfubij| dfr ejjir"ae|u @drea`j @birea`jq( {`r|eayh`rhu |gfqi fd

    hf~ ilya`|efj `jl qmehh hitihq* @q B`qqiu '0559% g`q qgf~j( ~gij |gi

    ah`qq qinrin`|efj fd jiengofrgfflq afboejiq ~e|g iw|ribi r`ae`h qinri"

    n`|efj fd jiengofrgfflq( |gi riqyh| eq ri`q fd ej|ijqeti qfae`h leqfrn`je"

    s`|efj jl leqhfa`|efj ~gij qitiri iafjfbea afj|r`a|efjq fr lf~j|yrjq

    faayr* Ej {`r|eayh`r( |gi {irqeq|ij| ~i`m `||`agbij| |f |gi h`ofr dfrai`bfjn b`ju {rebi ~frmejn"`ni `lyh|q `jl ` afbbfj iw{ireijai fd

    {ftir|u `jl iafjfbea g`rlqge{ ej yro`j oh`am afbbyje|eiq ari`|i qf"

    ae`h q{`aiq ~giri ofjlq fd d`behu `jl afbbyje|u oinej |f dr`u `jl d`hh

    `{`r| '^ehqfj 0554%* Qyag `j ijterfjbij| eq re{i dfr gengir hitihq fd

    cytijehi lihejpyijau( lryn yqi( jl itij tefhij| arebi 'B`qqiu 0559%*

    Ej qgfr|( b`arf"qfae`h |r`jqdfrb`|efjq 'e*i*( b`cfr iafjfbea riq|rya|yr"

    ejn% yqgir ej|f {h`ai leddirij|e`h biqf"hitih fr {rfweb`|i qfae`h afjle|efjq

    `jl ijterfjbij|q dfr oh`amq jl ~ge|iq 'e*i*( yjepyihu gieng|ijil r`|iq

    fd afbbyje|u hitihq fd {ftir|u `jl yjib{hfubij| dfr oh`amq%( ~geag(ej |yrj( |r`jqdfrb bearf"hitih iw{ireijaiq( {rfaiqqiq( jl fy|afbiq 'e*i*(

    ejletely`h d`behu leqry{|efj( ~ihd`ri li{ijlijau( `jl nri`|ir qyqai{"

    |eoehe|u |f ejtfhtibij| ej arebi%* Are|ea`hhu( |gi li{|g fd leq`lt`j|`ni

    iw{ireijail ej b`ju yro`j oh`am ijterfjbij|q qgfyhl jf| oi yjliriq"

    |eb`|il* @q Q`b{qfj jl ehqfj iw{h`ej3

    @h|gfyng ~i mji~ |g`| |gi `tir`ni j`|efj`h r`|i fd d`behu leq"

    ry{|efj `jl {ftir|u `bfjn oh`amq ~`q |~f |f dfyr |ebiq gengir

    |g`j `bfjn ~ge|iq( |gi jyboir fd leq|eja| iafhfnea`h afj|iw|q ej

    ~geag oh`amq `ageiti ipy`he|u |f ~ge|iq eq q|remejn*Ej jf| fji ae|u

    ftir 0;;(;;; ej |gi Yje|il Q|`|iq lf oh`amq heti ej iafhfnea`h ipy`he|u

    ~e|g ~ge|iq ~gij e| afbiq |f |giqi o`qea di`|yriq fd iafjfbea jl d`b"

    ehu frn`jes`|efj* @aafrlejnhu( r`ae`h leddirijaiq ej {ftir|u `jl d`behu

    leqry{|efj ri qf q|rfjn |g`| |gi ~frq| yro`j afj|iw| ej ~geag ~ge|iq

    riqeli eq afjqelir`ohu oi||ir |g`j |gi `tir`ni afj|iw| fd oh`am afbby"

    je|eiq* '0559(

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    11/35

    {`r| |grii Ejq|e|y|efj`hesejn Leddirijai11?

    \gi ^`r fj Lrynq

    Ej|ijqi yro`j oh`am {ftir|u `jl yjib{hfubij| eq jf| |gi ~gfhi q|fru*@nnriqqeti {yrqye| fd |gi ^`r fj Lrynq {h`uq ` h`rni rfhi ej |gi leq"

    {rf{fr|efj`|i eja`rair`|efj fd @drea`j @birea`jq* \gi {rfaiqq ejtfhtiq

    b`ju leddirij| a|frq | leddirij| {fej|q ej |gi quq|ib* Ej Denyri 0?*9 ~i

    `||ib{| |f a`{|yri ihibij|q fd |geq {rfaiqq jl iw{h`ej ~gu ~i oiheiti e|

    ri{riqij|q r`ae`h oe`q* \gi ffnyri qgf~q |gi {iraij|`ni fd |gi |f|`h Y*Q*

    {f{yh`|efj |g`| eq ~ge|i `| 44*7 {iraij|( `jl |gi {iraij| |g`| eq oh`am `|

    00*5 {iraij|* \gi jiw| qi| fd ffnyriq ri{fr|q |gi {iraij|`ni fd ~ge|i jl

    oh`am lyh|q( riq{ia|etihu( ~gf ri{fr| qfbi ehheae| lryn afjqyb{|efj lyr"

    ejn |gi tir`ni bfj|g drfb |gi ?;;9 J`|efj`h Qyrtiu fj Lryn Yqi jl

    0;

    ?;

    1;

    ;

    7;)

    00*5)

    9?*;)

    Y*Q*[f{yh`|efj Bfj|ghu Lryn

    Yqirq

    Lryn @oyqi

    @rriq|qLryn

    Afjtea|efj

    Oh`am

    Q|`|i [reqfj

    Qij|ijaiq

    ^ge|i

    44*7)

    45*4)

    0

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    12/35

    _`ae`hesil B`qq Eja`rair`|efj h`~rijai l* ofof `jl tea|fr |gfb{qfj 111

    Gi`h|g* gehi ri{fr|il yq`ni r`|iq fd ehheae| lrynq t`ru qheng|hu oi|~iij

    oh`amq `jl ~ge|iq '5*?) dfr oh`amq afb{`ril |f 7*0) dfr ~ge|iq%( e| eq

    eb{fr|`j| |f jf|i |g`| |gi ftir`hh leddirijaiq ej |gi leq|reoy|efj fd ehheae|lrynq lite`|i tiru he||hi drfb |gi ftir`hh ~ge|i jl oh`am {iraij|`niq ej

    |gi {f{yh`|efj `q ` ~gfhi* \g`| eq( `| hi`q| ou |geq u`rlq|eam( |giri eq jf

    itelijai fd r`lea`hhu leq{rf{fr|efj`|i ri{riqij|`|efj fd oh`amq `bfjn

    |gfqi @birea`jq ijn`nil ej ehhin`h lryn afjqyb{|efj*

    Fjai ~i qged| fyr ||ij|efj |f lryn"rih`|il rriq|q( gf~itir( ~i oinej

    |f leqairj fji fd |gi are|ea`h leddirijaiq ou r`ai ej gf~ |gi `r fj Lrynq

    eq {yrqyil* Oh`amq ri hbfq| 1< {iraij| fd |gfqi ejtfhtil ej lryn"rih`|il

    `rriq|q |gfyng fjhu 0< {iraij| fd |gfqi bfjn rinyh`r ehhin`h lryn yqirq*

    \gi leq{`re|u nrf~q itij qg`r{ir `q ~i q~e|ag `||ij|efj |f |gfqi ~gfriaieti lryn ag`rni afjtea|efjqoh`amq afjq|e|y|i `hbfq| g`hd fd qyag

    a`qiq* Hemi~eqi( oh`amq ijl y{ q ji`rhu g`hd fd |gfqi qirtejn q|`|i {reqfj

    qij|ijaiq dfr lryn fddijqiq afb{`ril |f cyq| ?4 {iraij| dfr |gi ~ge|i

    {f{yh`|efj* Ehhin`h lryn afjqyb{|efj qiibq |f mjf~ jf r`ai* Eja`rair`"

    |efj dfr lryn"rih`|il ag`rniq( gf~itir( eq qfbi|gejn teqe|il ej gi`tehu

    oe`qil b`jjir fj @drea`j @birea`jq*

    \gi \yhe`( \iw`q( a`qi eq `a|y`hhu `j ehhyq|r`|eti ed iw|ribi ejq|`jai

    fd |gi |u{i fd oe`qiq `| ~frm |f {rflyai |giqi qfr| fd aybyh`|eti r`ae`h

    leq`lt`j|`niq `jl n`{ejn leq{`re|eiq* Derq|( hfa`h h`~ ijdfraibij| `n"nriqqetihu {yrqyil ~g`|( itij ej |gi bfq| nijirfyq ej|ir{ri|`|efj( ~iri

    d`erhu hf~"hitih lryn `rriq|q `jl {rfqiay|efjq '[rfteji ?;;>%* Q{iaeff"

    a`hhu( {fheai( {rfqiay|frq( `jl cylniq ri{i`|ilhu `aai{|il |gi ah`ebq fd

    ` hfji yjliraftir f{ir`|eti( itij ~gij qitir`h a`qiq fd nh`rejn d`hqi"

    gfflq `jl h`am fd qy{{fr|ejn itelijai qgfyhl g`ti r`eqil lfyo|q `ofy|

    fdffair Afhib`jq ah`ebq* \gi |grii iw`b{hiq fd nh`rejn d`hqigfflq `ri

    |ihhejn* Afhib`j orfyng| ag`rniq `n`ejq| \fju` ge|i* \gi {rfqiay|fr

    yh|eb`|ihu lrf{{il |gi ag`rniq ~gij e| ~`q iq|`oheqgil |g`| qgi ~`q `|

    ` o`jm ej `jf|gir q|`|i bfri |g`j 1;; behiq `~`u fj |gi l`u `jl |ebiAfhib`j g`l `aayqil gir fd oiejn ejtfhtil ej lryn li`hejn* Oehhu Lfj

    ^`dir {rflyail ib{hfuii |ebi qgii|q iq|`oheqgejn |g`| gi ~`q `| ~frm

    ~gij Afhib`j ah`ebil gi g`l qfhl geb lrynq* @jl ag`rniq `n`ejq|

    Uyh Oru`j| ~iri leqbeqqil ~gij Afhib`jq liqare{|efj fd geb `q `

    |`hh oh`am b`j ~e|g oyqgu |u{i g`er ~`q afj|r`lea|il ou |gi d`a| |g`|

    Oru`j| ~`q fjhu 94 `jl g`l oiij o`hl dfr ui`rq*

    Qiafjl( ~ge|i {yohea f{ejefj qy{{fr|il |gi {fheai `jl afyr| `a|efjq*

    @q |giJi~ Ufrm \ebiq ri{fr|il ej fji fd e|q ffrq| b`cfr {eiaiq fj |gi

    \yhe` a`qi( \gi ri`a|efj bfjn bfq| ~ge|iq g`q oiij yjejagejn qy{"{fr| fd |gi f{ir`|efj `jl hfa`h fdffae`hq* * * * \gi qgiredd `jl |gi leq|rea|

    79559 0? 1??"194 r0 mf*ejll 11179559 0? 1??"194 r0 mf*ejll 111 0&>&0; 73

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    13/35

    {`r| |grii Ejq|e|y|efj`hesejn Leddirijai11= qii `hqf Qfqq( Dfrl"

    ejn( jl Qagr`b ?;;7%* Hfea `apy`j| '?;;0% g`q ihfpyij|hu rnyil( ej

    d`a|( |g`| |gi ibirnijai fd |gi a`rair`h q|`|i afjq|e|y|iq ` dfyr|g q|`nifd r`ae`h f{{riqqefj ej |gi Yje|il Q|`|iq dfhhf~ejn fj |gi hin`au fd ffrq|(

    qh`tiru= qiafjl( Ceb Arf~ r`aeqb= jl |gerl( |gi ari`|efj fd |gi bflirj

    yro`j ngi||f* Gi qiiq i`ag ejq|e|y|efj q leq|eja|eti ~`u fd afj|rfhhejn(

    rinyh`|ejn( jl ej ~frl( f{{riqqejn |gi oh`am {f{yh`|efj*

    Jie|gir Qfqq jl afhhi`nyiq jfr C`afoq jfr `apy`j|( gf~itir( {rf"

    teliq ahi`r iw{hea`|efj fd |gi dyhh qfaefayh|yr`h ijterfjbij| |g`| b`miq

    r`ae`hesil b`qq eja`rair`|efj {fqqeohi* \f lf |g`|( fji jiilq ` bfri

    afb{hi|i `qqiqqbij| fd {yohea f{ejefj `| |gi {h`ai ~giri |gi {rfohibq

    fd r`ai jl arebi bii|*

    [YOHEAF[EJEFJ( [_ICYLEAI( @JL[YJE\ETIJIQQ*

    @ |rfyohil jl |rfyohejn hejm oi|~iij r`ai( arebi( jl |gi dyja|efjejn

    fd |gi hin`h quq|ib eq jf| ` ji~ afjle|efj dfr @birea`j qfaei|u* I`rhu

    q|`|ibij|q fd |geq |rfyohil jiwyq a`j oi dfyjl ej |gi ~frm fd ^* I* O*

    Ly Ofeq ']0755R ?;;>% `jl fd {efjiirejn arebejfhfneq| \gfrq|iej Qihhej

    '05?7( 0519%* Of|g `rnyil |g`| oh`amq `ri leq{rf{fr|efj`|ihu q~i{| ej|f

    |gi arebej`h cyq|eai quq|ib oy| |g`| |geq aeraybq|`jai afyhl jf| oi yj"lirq|ffl {`r| drfb |gi quq|ib`|ea f{ir`|efj fd h`rnir {`||irj fd j|e"

    oh`am r`ae`h {ricyleai* Eq `j|e"oh`am r`ae`h {ricyleai ` miu afb{fjij|

    fd |gi ji~ h`~ `jl frlir rinebi `jl fd |gi ibirnijai fd r`ae`hesil

    b`qq eja`rair`|efj ej |gi Yje|il Q|`|iq6 ^i oiheiti |gi `jq~ir eq `j

    yjipyetfa`h uiq*

    [yje|etijiqq `jl _`ae`h [ricyleai

    Fji fd |gi {reb`ru qfaefhfnea`h dfyjl`|efjq fd |gi ji~ h`~ `jl frlirrinebi `jl fd |gi r`ae`hesil b`qq eja`rair`|efj qfaei|u eq |gi liaelilhu

    79559 0? 1??"194 r0 mf*ejll 11479559 0? 1??"194 r0 mf*ejll 114 0&>&0; 73

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    16/35

    _`ae`hesil B`qq Eja`rair`|efj h`~rijai l* ofof `jl tea|fr |gfb{qfj 11>

    {yje|eti |eh| fd Y*Q* {yohea f{ejefj* Fji ejlea`|efj fd |gi linrii fd {f{"

    yh`r qy{{fr| dfr |giqi {fheaeiq eq {rftelil ej Denyri 0?*4* E| ri{fr|q fj |gi

    {iraij|`niq ej ` b`cfr j`|efj`h qyrtiu fd ~ge|i `jl oh`am @birea`jq~gf qy{{fr| |gi li`|g {ij`h|u( |grii q|remiq `jl ufyri fy| {rfteqefjq(

    `jl |gi |ruejn fd cytijehiq `q `lyh|q ed `aayqil fd ` tefhij| arebi* \~f

    {`||irjq q|`jl fy|* Derq|( dfr i`ag fd |giqi {fheaeiqejahylejn |gi {ijyh"

    |eb`|i qubofh `jl `a| fd {yje|etijiqq( |gi li`|g {ij`h|u|giri eq ahi`r

    b`cfre|u qy{{fr| dfr |gi {yje|eti {fheau `bfjn of|g oh`amq `jl ~ge|iq*

    Qiafjl( @drea`j @birea`jq ri yjedfrbhu hiqq qy{{fr|eti fd |giqi g`rqg

    arebej`h cyq|eai {fheaeiq |g`j `ri |gier ~ge|i afyj|ir{`r|q( itij |gfyng

    |giu |ff qgf~ ahi`r b`cfre|u qy{{fr| dfr i`ag* E| eq jf beq|`mi fr iw`n"

    nir`|efj |f ag`r`a|iresi Y*Q* {yohea f{ejefj fj arebi `jl arebi {fheau`q liaelilhu {yje|eti*

    @ {yje|eti |eh| ej {yohea f{ejefj( iq{iae`hhu fji |g`| h`rnihu ejahyliq

    of|g ~ge|i `jl oh`am @birea`jq( eq qa`raihu ` qenj fd `j|e"oh`am r`ae`h

    oe`q* ^i q|riqq |gi hfnea fd qyag oe`q( gf~itir( oia`yqi |giqi {yje|eti

    arebi {fheau fy|hffmq `ri q|rfjnhu rff|il ej `j|e"oh`am r`ae`h {ricyleai

    'Ofof jl \gfb{qfj ?;;4o%* \f {rfti |geq {fej|( ~i iw`bejil |gi afr"

    rih`|efj oi|~iij {yje|eti arebi {fheau fy|hffmq '` bi`qyri |g`| afb"

    oejiq riq{fjqiq |f |gi li`|g {ij`h|u( |grii q|remiq( jl cytijehi fddijlirq

    pyiq|efjq qgf~j ej Denyri 0?*4% `jl ` qireiq fd leddirij| ejlea`|frq fdr`ae`h `||e|yliq*< \gi r`ae`h `||e|yli ejlea`|frq ejahylil qeb{hi `j|e"

    oh`am q|irif|u{iq(9 fd ej|irnrfy{ `ddia| fr o`qea qfaefibf|efj`h diihejnq

    |f~`rl oh`amq(4 `jl fd afhhia|eti r`ae`h riqij|bij|q fd oh`amq*> I`ag fd

    < _iq{fjlij|q ~iri `qmil ed |giu Q|rfjnhu F{{fqi( Qfbi~g`| F{{fqi( Qfbi~g`| D`tfr( fr

    Q|rfjnhu D`tfr |gi li`|g {ij`h|u fr |grii"q|remi h`~q* Qebeh`rhu( riq{fjlij|q ~iri `qmil ed |giu

    Q|rfjnhu Leq`nrii( Qfbi~g`| Leq`nrii( Qfbi~g`| @nrii( fr Q|rfjnhu @nrii |g`| cytijehiq

    qgfyhl oi |reil `q `lyh|q* @ ffj`h [yje|etijiqq qa`hi ~`q ari`|il o`qil fj |gi `tir`ni qafriq fd |giqi

    |grii e|ibq 'Arfjo`agq h{g` 2 *41%*9 _iq{fjlij|q ~iri `qmil |f r`|i fj ` 0;"{fej| qa`hi |gi linrii |f ~geag |giu |gfyng| |gi dfhhf~ejn

    ~frlq&{gr`qiq aayr`|ihu liqareoil oh`amq3 h`~"`oelejn( nffl jiengofrq( h`su( g`rl ~frmejn(

    tefhij|( ej|ihhenij|( ~ihd`ri li{ijlij|( fr afb{h`ej hf|* \gi ffj`h riq{fjqiq ~iri afboejil

    ej|f qejnhi q|irif|u{i qa`hi 'Arfjo`agq h{g` 2 *7>%*4 @ddia| eq |gi afboej`|efj fd |~f pyiq|efjq3 Gf~ fd|ij g`ti ufy dih| qub{`|gu dfr oh`amq6 jl Gf~

    fd|ij g`ti ufy lberil oh`amq6 'Arfjo`agq h{g` 2 *>?%*> \gi r`ae`h riqij|bij| qa`hi eq |gi afboejil tir`ni fd qew pyiq|efjq |g`| qmil riq{fjlij|q |f nrii

    fr leq`nrii ~e|g |gi dfhhf~ejn q|`|ibij|q3 Ereqg( E|`he`j( Ci~eqg `jl b`ju f|gir bejfre|eiq ftira`bi

    {ricyleai `jl ~frmil |gier ~`u y{* Oh`amq qgfyhl lf |gi q`bi ~e|gfy| `ju q{iae`h d`tfrq( Ftir |gi

    {`q| di~ ui`rq( oh`amq g`ti nf||ij hiqq |g`j |giu liqirti( Nftirjbij| fdffae`hq yqy`hhu {`u hiqq ||ij"

    |efj |f ripyiq| fr afb{h`ej| drfb ` oh`am {irqfj |g`j drfb ~ge|i {irqfj( Bfq| oh`amq ~gf riaieti

    bfjiu drfb ~ihd`ri {rfnr`bq afyhl ni| `hfjn ~e|gfy| e| ed |giu |reil( Ed oh`amq ~fyhl fjhu |ru g`rlir(

    |giu afyhl oi cyq| q ~ihh fdd q ~ge|iq( Nijir`|efjq fd qh`tiru jl leqarebej`|efj g`ti ari`|il afjle"|efjq |g`| b`mi e| ledffayh| dfr oh`amq |f ~frm |gier ~`u fy| fd |gi hf~ir ah`qq 'Arfjo`agq h{g` 2 *>>%*

    79559 0? 1??"194 r0 mf*ejll 11>79559 0? 1??"194 r0 mf*ejll 11> 0&>&0; 73

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    17/35

    {`r| |grii Ejq|e|y|efj`hesejn Leddirijai117

    |giqi bi`qyriq g`q oiij yqil ej t`rei|u fd {ritefyq q|yleiq jl hh g`ti

    oiij qgf~j |f oi ri`qfj`ohu rihe`ohi `jl t`hel bi`qyriq fd qenjeffa`j|

    dfrbq fd r`ae`h {ricyleai*

    Jin`|eti r`ae`h q|irif|u{iq( `j|e"oh`am `ddia|( `jl afhhia|eti r`ae`h ri"

    qij|bij|q `hh `ri {fqe|etihu afrrih`|il ~e|g arebej`h cyq|eai {fheau {yje"

    |etijiqq* \giqi afrrih`|efjq iweq| bfjn of|g ~ge|i jl oh`am @birea`jq(|gfyng |giu `ri yqy`hhu byag q|rfjnir `bfjn ~ge|iq* Fyr `j`huqiq(

    gf~itir( lel jf| qi||hi dfr birihu iw`bejejn afrrih`|efjq* i qfyng| |f

    li|irbeji ~gi|gir libfnr`{gea o`amnrfyjl ag`r`a|ireq|eaqqyag `q

    hitih fd ilya`|efj( ni( yro`jeae|u( fr rinefj fd |gi afyj|ruqfbi|ebiq

    `qqfae`|il ~e|g hitihq fd {ricyleai beng| `aafyj| dfr |giqi {ricyleai"

    |f"{yje|etijiqq afrrih`|efjq* ^i `hqf qfyng| |f li|irbeji ~gi|gir `h"

    |irj`|eti {f|ij|e`h qfyraiq fd {yje|eti arebi {fheau fy|hffmq b`||iril*

    @bfjn |gi afb{i|ejn gu{f|giqiq ~i afjqeliril ~iri |gi {fqqeoehe|u

    |g`| afjqirt`|eti qfae`h t`hyiq 'ejlea`|il ou afjqirt`|eti {fhe|ea`h elifh"fnu( _i{yohea`j [`r|u elij|effa`|efj( `jl dripyij| agyrag `||ijl`jai%(

    Lf ufy d`tfr fr f{{fqi|gi li`|g {ij`h|u dfr{irqfjq afjtea|il

    fd byrlir6

    ?;

    `aayqil fd tefhij|

    arebiq qgfyhl oi |reil`q `lyh|q r`|gir |g`jej cytijehi afyr|q6

    Oh`am

    ^ge|i

    >4*;)

    99*&0; 73

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    18/35

    _`ae`hesil B`qq Eja`rair`|efj h`~rijai l* ofof `jl tea|fr |gfb{qfj 115

    genghu ejletely`heq|ea jl leq{fqe|efj`h tei~q ofy| |gi a`yqiq fd arebi(

    `jl f|gir d`a|frq qyag `q di`r fd arebi( `a|y`h arebej`h tea|ebes`|efj(

    `a|y`h hitihq fd tefhij| arebi( fr |gi jyboir fd oh`amq hetejn ej ` riq"{fjlij|q `ri`( afyhl oi||ir iw{h`ej qy{{fr| dfr {yje|eti arebi {fheau

    {ridirijaiq*

    Fyr riqyh|q afjqeq|ij|hu qgf~il |g`| afhhia|eti r`ae`h riqij|bij| ~`q

    `j eb{fr|`j| {rilea|fr fd qy{{fr| dfr {yje|eti arebi {fheaeiq rin`rlhiqq

    fd |gi afj|rfh t`re`ohiq 'i*n*( libfnr`{gea ag`r`a|ireq|eaq% fr `h|irj`|eti

    iw{h`j`|efjq 'i*n*( qfae`h afjqirt`|eqb( arebi a`yq`|efj oiheidq( fr f|gir

    b`|ire`h qfae`h afjle|efjq% ~i `hqf |ffm ej|f `aafyj|* Ejliil( jf f|gir

    t`re`ohi `qeli drfb r`ai e|qihd b`||iril qf afjqeq|ij|hu* \gi miu rih`"

    |efjqge{ eq qgf~j nr`{gea`hhu ej Denyriq 0?*>` `jl 0?*>o* Denyri 0?*>`qybb`resiq |gi iddia|q fd r`ae`h riqij|bij| fj qy{{fr| dfr {yje|eti

    arebi {fheaeiq* Itij `d|ir afj|rfhhejn dfr itiru {f|ij|e`h ej|irtijejn

    t`re`ohi ej |gi rih`|efjqge{ oi|~iij r`ae`h riqij|bij| `jl qy{{fr| dfr

    {yje|eti arebi {fheaeiq( ~i ffjl ftir~gihbejn qy{{fr| dfr fyr |giqeq

    |g`| ~gij e| afbiq |f {yjeqgbij|( r`ae`h `||e|yliq b`||ir* _iq{fjlij|q

    Hf~ _`ae`h _iqij|bij| Geng _`ae`h _iqij|bij|Hf~

    [yje|etijiqq

    Geng[yje|etijiqq

    Bile`j t`hyi dfr

    [yje|etijiqq 2 1*;

    Q|`jl`rlesil 2 *07Hf~ _`ae`h _iqij|bij| 2 ?*40

    Geng _`ae h _iqij|bij| 2 1*11

    DENY_I 0?*>` IDDIA\FD_@AE@H_IQIJ\BIJ\FJ[YJE\ETIJIQQ

    [yje|etijiqq `jl _`ae`h _iqij|bij| ~iri i`ag bi`qyril fj ` qa`hi drfb 0 |f 9*

    JF\I3 _iqyh|q drfb rinriqqefj bflihq |g`| afj|rfh dfr r`ai( q|irif|u{iq( r`ae`h `ddia|( `ni( qiw( ilya`|efj(

    yro`jeae|u( rinefj( {fhe|ea`h elifhfnu( agyrag `||ijl`jai( jiengofrgffl afj|iw|( di`r fd arebi( `jl oiheidq

    `ofy| ~gu {if{hi afbbe| arebiq*

    QFY_AI

    L`|` drfb_`ai( Arebi( `jl [yohea F{ejefj Qyrtiu( ?;;0 `jl ?;;?* Ofof( H`~rijai( `jl LitfjCfgjqfj( G`rt`rl Yjetirqe|u*

    79559 0? 1??"194 r0 mf*ejll 11579559 0? 1??"194 r0 mf*ejll 115 0&>&0; 73

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    19/35

    {`r| |grii Ejq|e|y|efj`hesejn Leddirijai1

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    20/35

    _`ae`hesil B`qq Eja`rair`|efj h`~rijai l* ofof `jl tea|fr |gfb{qfj 1

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    21/35

    {`r| |grii Ejq|e|y|efj`hesejn Leddirijai1

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    22/35

    _`ae`hesil B`qq Eja`rair`|efj h`~rijai l* ofof `jl tea|fr |gfb{qfj 1

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    23/35

    {`r| |grii Ejq|e|y|efj`hesejn Leddirijai1

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    24/35

    _`ae`hesil B`qq Eja`rair`|efj h`~rijai l* ofof `jl tea|fr |gfb{qfj 1

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    25/35

    {`r| |grii Ejq|e|y|efj`hesejn Leddirijai1

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    26/35

    _`ae`hesil B`qq Eja`rair`|efj h`~rijai l* ofof `jl tea|fr |gfb{qfj 1

    pyiq|efj fj qy{{fr| dfr |gi li`|g {ij`h|u( ` qiafjl afjle|efj ejtfht"

    ejn ` {ri"pyiq|efj liah`r`|efj |g`| `hbfq| g`hd fd |gi {if{hi fj li`|g

    rf~ `ri oh`am |gfyng oh`amq `ri fjhu 0? {iraij| fd |gi {f{yh`|efj( fr `|gerl afjle|efj ejtfhtejn {ri"pyiq|efj liah`r`|efj |g`| oh`amq afbbe|

    `hbfq| g`hd fd |gi j`|efjq gfbeaeliq |gfyng oh`amq `ri fjhu 0? {iraij|

    fd |gi {f{yh`|efj* \geq iw{irebij| ueihlil jf ag`jni `arfqq |gi |grii

    afjle|efjq ej hitihq fd qy{{fr| dfr |gi li`|g {ij`h|u* \geq eq yqidyh a`qi

    |f afjqelir oia`yqi ej riaij| bibfru( |gi |gij"nftirjfrq fd Ehhejfeq

    `jl B`ruh`jl eb{fqil oreid bfr`|freybq fj `{{hea`|efj fd |gi li`|g

    {ij`h|u* \giu cyq|effil |gier `a|efjq `| hi`q| {`r|hu fj |gi o`qeq fd oh`am

    ftirri{riqij|`|efj `jl |gi {f|ij|e`h `{{i`r`jai fd oe`q |g`| qyag ftir"

    ri{riqij|`|efj ari`|il*Ej |gi qiafjl iw{irebij|( ~geag ~i h`oihil \gi Byrlir Tea|eb

    _`ai"Oe`q iw{irebij|( ~i lri~ ||ij|efj |f |gi fji ~`u ej ~geag |giri

    eq q|ehh ahi`r itelijai fd r`ai oe`q ej |gi `{{hea`|efj fd |gi li`|g {ij`h|u*

    Afb{ihhejn itelijai g`q oiij `b`qqil |g`| ej |gi Yje|il Q|`|iq qfbi"

    fji ~gf byrlirq ~ge|i {irqfj( erriq{ia|eti fd hh f|gir di`|yriq fd |gi

    arebej`h qyq{ia| `jl fd |gi arebi e|qihd( eq ` nffl li`h bfri hemihu |f ri"

    aieti ` li`|g qij|ijai |g`j qfbifji ~gf byrlirq ` oh`am {irqfj( qyn"

    niq|ejn ` ahi`rhu gengir t`hyi {h`ail fj ~ge|i hetiq |g`j fj oh`am hetiq*

    \geq iw{irebij|( ej |gi b`ej( ueihlil jin`|eti riqyh|q `q ~ihh3 lr`~ejn`||ij|efj |f oe`q fj |gi o`qeq fd |gi byrlir tea|ebq r`ai lel jf| qyoq|`j"

    |e`hhu h|ir qy{{fr| dfr |gi li`|g {ij`h|u*

    Ej |gi |gerl iw{irebij|( ~geag ~i h`oihil \gi Ejjfaij| fj Li`|g

    _f~ iw{irebij|( ~i ||ib{|il |f lr`~ ||ij|efj |f |gi reqm fd iwiay|"

    ejn `j ejjfaij| {irqfj* \g`| eq( |geq iw{irebij| b`li jf iw{heae| ridir"

    ijai |f r`ai oy| r`|gir |f |gi d`a| |g`| ` h`rni jyboir fd {if{hi `a|y`hhu

    qij|ijail |f li`|g g`ti oiij iwfjir`|il '>5 qyag a`qiq `| |gi |ebi |gi

    iw{irebij| ~`q afjlya|il `jl ftir 0;; `q fd |geq ~re|ejn%* Ej |geq a`qi

    ~i qmil riq{fjlij|q ed |giu ~fyhl oi bfri fr hiqq hemihu |f tf|i dfr ny"oirj`|fre`h a`jlel`|i ed |g`| {irqfj a`hhil dfr bfr`|freyb fj |gi li`|g

    {ij`h|u oia`yqi fd |gi reqm fd iwiay|ejn ejjfaij| {if{hi* @ r`jlfbhu

    qihia|il g`hd fd |gi riq{fjlij|q nf| fjhu |geq pyiq|efj ~giri`q `jf|gir

    r`jlfbhu qihia|il g`hd ~iri ffrq| |fhl fd |gi jyboir fd afjtea|il li`|g

    rf~ ejb`|iq ~gf g`l oiij iwfjir`|il* Q|remejnhu( lr`~ejn ||ij|efj |f

    |gi reqm fd |geq erritirqeohi `jl nr`ti irrfr lel jf| qenjeffa`j|hu bfti

    {yohea f{ejefj*

    Ej fyr dfyr|g `jl ffj`h iw{irebij|( ~geag ~i h`oihil \gi Ar`am

    tq* [f~lir Afa`eji iw{irebij|( ~i lri~ `||ij|efj |f |gi leddirij"|e`h qij|ijaejn {ij`h|eiq `||`agil |f |giqi |~f dfrbq fd ehhin`h lryn

    79559 0? 1??"194 r0 mf*ejll 179559 0? 1??"194 r0 mf*ejll 1 0&>&0; 73&0; 73

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    27/35

    {`r| |grii Ejq|e|y|efj`hesejn Leddirijai1

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    28/35

    _`ae`hesil B`qq Eja`rair`|efj h`~rijai l* ofof `jl tea|fr |gfb{qfj 1

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    29/35

    {`r| |grii Ejq|e|y|efj`hesejn Leddirijai19;

    foqirti |g`| ` geng dr`a|efj fd |gi `lyh| b`hiq ej |gier hetiq `jl afb"

    byje|eiq `ri eja`rair`|il* Qiafjl( e| ari`|iq ` qijqi fd afj|ib{| `jl

    ehhine|eb`au |f~`rl h`~ ijdfraibij| {irqfjjih ~gf afbi |f oi rin`rlil`q `j f{{riqqeti dfrai ej |gi afbbyje|u r`|gir |g`j {`r|jirq ej b`ej"

    |`ejejn ` geng py`he|u fd hedi* @jl e| yjlirbejiq qfae`h ae|esijqge{ ou

    of|g {rfdfyjlhu q|enb`|esejn |gfqi ~e|g arebej`h riafrlq jl dripyij|hu

    iw{riqqhu q|re{{ejn itij iw"dihfjq fd |gi reng| |f tf|i*

    \gi yqy`h qfaefhfnea`h ejahej`|efj eq |f q|riqq |gi ah`qq ag`r`a|ir fd dfrb

    fd qfae`h ejipy`he|u( ejahylejn |gi litihf{bij| fd b`qq eja`rair`|efj* @jl

    ~e|gfy| lfyo| |giri eq are|ea`h qijqi ej ~geag hitihq fd ilya`|efj jl ej"

    afbi {h`u aryae`h rfhi ej liffjejn ~gf eq genghu qyqai{|eohi |f eja`rair`"

    |efj `jl ~gf eq jf|( rin`rlhiqq fd r`ai* Ui|( |giri eq jf qijqi ej ~geag |giiw{`jqeti rihe`jai fj eja`rair`|efj g`q |r`jqdfrbil |gi d`orea fd ~ge|i

    afbbyje|eiq( itij ~frmejn"ah`qq fjiq* Dfr @drea`j @birea`jq( gf~itir(

    |gi qe|y`|efj eq pye|i ` oe| leddirij|* @q qfaefhfneq| Oryai ^iq|irj {y|q

    e|3 \gi arebej`h cyq|eai quq|ib g`q oiafbi qf {irt`qeti |g`| ~i qgfyhl

    afyj| {reqfjq jl c`ehq bfjn |gi miu ejq|e|y|efjq |g`| qg`{i |gi hedi afyrqi

    fd riaij| oer|g afgfr|q fd @drea`j @birea`j bij '^iq|irj ?;;4( 10%*

    \gi eb{`a| fd r`ae`hesil b`qq eja`rair`|efj ri`agiq `arfqq ofyjl`reiq

    fd ah`qq ej oh`am @birea`* Ej fyr j`|efj`h qyrtiuq ~i qmil riq{fjlij|q

    ~gi|gir |giu g`l ahfqi dreijl fr rih`|eti ~gf ~`q ayrrij|hu eja`rair"`|il* i dfyjl |g`| fjhu fji fy| fd |ij ~ge|iq riq{fjlil dffrb`|etihu

    |f |geq pyiq|efj ej ?;;0?;;?* Ej afj|r`q|( dyhhu g`hd fd @drea`j @bire"

    a`jq riq{fjlil {fqe|etihu |f |gi pyiq|efj( dfr ` r`|ef fd oh`am |f ~ge|i

    fd bfri |g`j dfyr |f fji* Ej Denyri 0?*00 ~i iw`beji riq{fjqiq |f |geq

    pyiq|efj ou afboej`|efj fd hitihq fd ilya`|efj( ejafbi( jl r`ai* Itij

    bfri q|remejn eq |g`| `bfjn |gfqi ~ge|iq ~e|g ejafbiq oihf~ ,?9(;;; `

    ui`r jl ~gf g`l jf| afb{hi|il geng qagffh( ~i q|ehh ffjl cyq| fji ej ffti

    riq{fjlejn uiq |f |gi dreijl fr rih`|eti eja`rair`|il pyiq|efj* Gf~"

    itir( |g`| jyboir eq cyq| oihf~ 4; {iraij| 'fr bfri |g`j ffti fy| fd |ij%`bfjn afb{`r`ohi oh`amq* Ed ~i qged| `||ij|efj |f |gi geng ijl fd ah`qq

    geir`ragu( ~i ffjl `bfjn geng"ejafbi ~ge|iq ',4;(;;; fr bfri% ~e|g

    ` afhhini ilya`|efj 'fr nri`|ir%( hiqq |g`j 9 {iraij| riq{fjl uiq |f |gi

    eja`rair`|il dreijl fr rih`|eti pyiq|efj* \g`| eq( ter|y`hhu jf geng"q|`|yq

    ~ge|iq g`ti qyag {irqfj`h iw{fqyri |f |gi a`rair`h q|`|i* Ej qg`r{ afj"

    |r`q|( dyhhu 10*> {iraij| fd geng"ejafbi geng"ilya`|efj oh`amq riq{fjlil

    uiq |f |geq pyiq|efj fj {irqfj`h iw{fqyri |f |gi a`rair`h q|`|i( dfr oh`am

    |f ~ge|i r`|ef fd qitij |f fji* Q|remejnhu( |gi r`|i fd qyag iw{fqyri dfr |gi

    tiru gengiq| q|`|yq @drea`j @birea`jq iwaiilq |g`| fd |gi tiru hf~iq|q|`|yq ~ge|iq( rfynghu fji ej |grii q afb{`ril |f fjhu fji ej ffti!

    79559 0? 1??"194 r0 mf*ejll 19;79559 0? 1??"194 r0 mf*ejll 19; 0&>&0; 73&0; 73

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    30/35

    _`ae`hesil B`qq Eja`rair`|efj h`~rijai l* ofof `jl tea|fr |gfb{qfj 190

    Drfb fyr {irq{ia|eti fj qfae`h {fheau agfeaiq `jl ejq|e|y|efj`h {r`a"|eaiq( jie|gir |gi j`|yri fd arebi e|qihd jfr |gi leq|reoy|efj fd ~gf

    ijn`niq ej h`~"ori`mejn oig`tefr {rflyail |gi r`ae`hesil b`qq ej"

    a`rair`|efj qfaei|u* Afjqipyij|hu( {fheau agfeaiq a`j `hqf {fej| yq ej `

    tiru leddirij| leria|efj* _y|g `jl _ie|s '?;;1% `r|eayh`|i ` ~ihh"ar`d|il

    qi| fd geng"hitih nf`hq `jl bfri ebbile`|i ridfrb afjqelir`|efjq |g`|

    qgfyhl nyeli {fheaub`mejn ej |geq lfb`ej* Ej |irbq fd geng"hitih nf`hq(

    |giu qynniq| |g`| arebi {fheau oi dfrbyh`|il `jl rfy|ejihu it`hy`|il

    `n`ejq| ffti miu `boe|efjq3 '0% |gi rilya|efj fd arebi= '?% |gi rilya|efj

    fd {yohea di`r fd arebi= '1% cyq|eai dfr tea|ebq( fddijlirq( `jl |gi h`rnirafbbyje|u= '%( jf| a`ridyh riqi`rag"

    `jl itelijai"o`qil are|ire`*

    _y|g `jl _ie|s `hqf fy|heji qitij q{iaeffa ridfrbq |f `llriqq |gi iw"aiqqiq fd |gi ayrrij| eja`rair`|efj oejni( `hh qijqeohi riafbbijl`|efjq

    0;)

    ?;)

    1;)

    ;)

    7;)

    Hiqq |g`j GengQagffh

    Geng Qagffh Afhhini fr Bfri

    ^ge|i _iq{fjlij|q

    Oh`am _iq{fjlij|q,?

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    31/35

    {`r| |grii Ejq|e|y|efj`hesejn Leddirijai19?

    drfb fyr {irq{ia|eti3 '0% {refre|esi |gi yqi fd eja`rair`|efj {reb`rehu dfr

    ` riq{fjqi |f nr`ti tefhijai= '?% ag`r|ir {irb`jij| qij|ijaejn afbbeq"

    qefj |f riej|rflyai iw{ir| cylnbij| jl {h`jjejn ej|f h`~ ijdfraibij|='1% ritirqi {fheaeiq fd bfri `jl hfjnir qij|ijaiq dfr lryn fddijlirq= '%ripyeri

    |g`| ag`jniq ej {yjeqgbij| h`~q oi {riailil ou ` q|`|ibij| fd |gi r`ae`h(i|gjea( `jl ffj`jae`h ag`jniq |g`| b`u riqyh|* \gi h`||ir {fej| eq fd q{i"

    ae`h afjairj |f yq* Bfri qirefyq `jl {rejae{hil `||ij|efj |f |gi linrii

    fd iw|ribi r`ae`h ebo`h`jai ej |gi iw{ireijai fd eja`rair`|efj qgfyhl

    g`ti |`mij {h`ai hfjn `nf* E| eq |ebi |f oinej `j gfjiq| leqafyrqi fj

    |gi b`nje|yli jl dyjl`bij|`h qfyrai fd r`ae`hesil b`qq eja`rair`|efj(

    {irg`{q |gi nri`| qfae`h {fheau qi|o`am fd |gi {fq|aeteh reng|q ir`*

    ^i oin`j ou lr`~ejn `||ij|efj |f |gi \yhe`( \iw`q( lryn `rriq|q |g`|

    {rftil |f oi iqqij|e`hhu dr`ylyhij| `jl r`ae`hhu bf|et`|il* ^i afyhl

    cyq| `q i`qehu g`ti agfqij `ju fd qitir`h f|gir {rfbejij| a`qiq |f geng"heng| |gi {rfohib fd {yje|eti iwaiqq ej |gi hin`h quq|ib ~giri @drea`j

    @birea`jq {`u ` leq{rf{fr|efj`|i {reai* @bfjn |gi f|gir geng"{rfffhi

    a`qiq |f ~geag ~i afyhl g`ti {fej|il ri |gi Cij` 4 a`qi ej Hfyeqe`j`=

    |gi {fheai qgff|ejnq fd @ojir Hfyeb` `jl Qi`j Oihh ej Ji~ Ufrm( fr

    fd Fqa`r Nr`j| ej jfr|girj A`hedfrje`= fr |gi nijir`h {`||irj fd |ruejn

    cytijehi fddijlirq q lyh|q jl qij|ijaejn |gib |f hedi ~e|gfy| |gi {fq"

    qeoehe|u fd {`rfhi* \yhe` eq q{iae`h oia`yqi e| ri{riqij|q qyag `j iw|ribi

    ~e|gfy| oiejn hh |g`| iwai{|efj`h= oia`yqi e| ejtfhtiq |gi `r fj Lrynq(

    ~geag eq qyag ` aryae`h ihibij| fd |gi {rfohib fd r`ae`hesil b`qq ej"a`rair`|efj= `jl oia`yqi( ej gejlqeng|( ~i a`j d`erhu q`u |g`| `ju cyq|eai

    quq|ib jf| `hri`lu qyddyqil ~e|g `j|e"oh`am oe`q ~fyhl g`ti q|f{{il

    qyag `j fy|r`ni oidfri rfy|ejihu `jl bi|gflea`hhu eb{reqfjejn bfri

    |g`j lfsij {if{hi 'bfri |g`j 0; {iraij| fd \yhe`q oh`am {f{yh`|efj%*

    @q |gi J@@A[ Hin`h Lidijqi Dyjl liah`riq( \gi \yhe` q|ejn eq ri{"

    riqij|`|eti fd |gi d`ehil ^`r fj Lrynq( ~geag leq{rf{fr|efj`|ihu |`rni|q

    bejfre|eiq( `jl `hqf fd|ij ejahyliq r`ae`hhu"oe`qil {fheai {r`a|eaiq `jl

    qiayriq afjtea|efjq fjhu `d|ir {rfqiay|fre`h beqafjlya| 'J@@A["HLD

    ?;;4( 0%* Fr( |f pyf|i Q`bbu O`rrf~( ` oh`am \yhe` riqelij| ~e|g dfyrrih`|etiq q~i{| y{ ou |gi q|ejn f{ir`|efj jl ~gf afyhl cyq| q ~ihh g`ti

    79559 0? 1??"194 r0 mf*ejll 19?79559 0? 1??"194 r0 mf*ejll 19? 0&>&0; 73&0; 73

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    32/35

    _`ae`hesil B`qq Eja`rair`|efj h`~rijai l* ofof `jl tea|fr |gfb{qfj 191

    oiij q{i`mejn `ofy| ` j`|efj`h {rfohib( \giu liah`ril ~`r fj |geq

    afbbyje|u 'U`rlhiu ?;;;%*

    @ hfjn {rfohib`|ea afjjia|efj oi|~iij r`ai `jl |gi dyja|efjejn fd|gi arebej`h cyq|eai quq|ib g`q oiij ri"dfrnil ej |gi {fq|aeteh reng|q

    ir`* Ejq|i`l fd rretejn | aeraybq|`jai fd ahi`r ipy`h |ri`|bij| oidfri

    |gi h`~ ~e|gfy| rin`rl |f r`ai( ` qi| fd qfae`h {fheaiq `jl ejq|e|y|efj`h

    {r`a|eaiq g`q ibirnil ftir |gi h`q| |grii lia`liq |g`| g`q riqyh|il ej `

    ji~( lii{hu {yje|eti h`~ jl frlir rinebi jl afjle|efj fd r`ae`hesil

    b`qq eja`rair`|efj ej |gi Yje|il Q|`|iq* \giqi aeraybq|`jaiq qgfyhl

    |rfyohi hh |gfqi ej|iriq|il ej r`ae`h cyq|eai `jl dyhhir ri`hes`|efj fd |gi

    dyjl`bij|`h {rejae{hiq jl {rfbeqiq fd libfar`|ea qfaei|u*

    ^frmq Ae|il

    Oiami||( M`|gireji* 055>*B`mejn Arebi [`u3 H`~ jl Frlir ej Afj|ib{fr ru@birea`j [fhe|eaq * Ji~ Ufrm3 Fwdfrl Yjetirqe|u [riqq*

    Oiami||( M`|gireji( Mreq Jurf{( jl Hfre [ffjnq|* ?;;4* _`ai( Lrynq( jl[fheaejn3 Yjlirq|`jlejn Leq{`re|eiq ej Lryn Lihetiru @rriq|q* Arebejfhfnu

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    33/35

    {`r| |grii Ejq|e|y|efj`hesejn Leddirijai19* \gi [geh`lih{ge` Jinrf3 @ Qfae`h Q|ylu( il* GijruHfyeq N`|iq( Cr*( ~e|g j ej|rflya|efj ou H`~rijai Ofof* Ji~ Ufrm3 FwdfrlYjetirqe|u [riqq*

    Ij|b`j( _foir| B* jl @jlri~ _fciame* ?;;;* \gi Oh`am Eb`ni ej |gi ge|iBejl3 Bile` jl _`ai ej @birea` * Agea`nf3 Yjetirqe|u fd Agea`nf [riqq*

    N`rh`jl( L`tel* ?;;0* Ej|rflya|efj3 \gi Bi`jejn fd B`qq Eb{reqfjbij|* EjB`qqEb{reqfjbij|3 Qfae`h A`yqiq jl Afjqipyijaiq( il* L* N`rh`jl( 01* \gfyq`jlF`mq( A@3 Q`ni*

    Nfjjirb`j( Cijjedir* ?;;0* \yhe` Ohyiq* Tehh`ni Tfeai( Cyhu 10*Er~ej( Cfgj* ?;;>* \gi `rigfyqi [reqfj3 Leq{fq`h fd |gi Ji~ L`jnirfyq Ah`qq*

    Hfq @jnihiq3 _fwoyru*

    C`afoq( L`tel( jl C`qfj \* A`rbeag`ih* ?;;?* \gi [fhe|ea`h Qfaefhfnu fd |giLi`|g [ij`h|u3 @ [ffhil \ebi"Qireiq @j`huqeq*@birea`j Qfaefhfnea`h _itei~ 4>3 0;5010*

    C`afoq( L`tel( jl L`jeih \f{i* ?;;>* \gi [fhe|eaq fd _iqij|bij| ej |gi[fq|Aeteh _eng|q Ir`3 Bejfre|u \gri`|( Gfbeaeli( jl Elifhfnea`h Tf|ejnej Afjnriqq*@birea`j Cfyrj`h fd Qfaefhfnu 00?3 0

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    34/35

    _`ae`hesil B`qq Eja`rair`|efj h`~rijai l* ofof `jl tea|fr |gfb{qfj 199

    Qihhej( \gfrq|iej* 05?7* \gi Jinrf Arebej`h3 @ Q|`|eq|ea`h Jf|i*@jj`hq fd |gi@birea`j @a`libu fd [fhe|ea`h jl Qfae`h Qaeijai 0

  • 8/2/2019 Racialized Mass Incarceration Poverty, Prejudice, and Punishment

    35/35