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Page 1: R …………… u e R V S p R W R h ¾ Y j R S a R S v R ...hrlibrary.umn.edu/arab/MHRJPL4ar.pdf: Z» i [ T Y W» n w Y s W T i T v w S U ] T h O u ` i T .2000¿ i W L/ U l 14 ~

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.html.98-224/comcases/Africa/humanrts/edu.umn.1www://httpat60. para,2000November 27Eur. Court HR, Case of Incal v. Turkey, judgment of 9 June 1998, Reports 1998-IV, p. 1571, para. 65.28Eur. Court HR, Case of Lauko v. Slovakia, judgment of 2 September 1998, Reports 1998-VI, pp. 2497-2498,

paras. 12-17.29250664.30.312507.

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p. 667, para. 37.23Eur. Court HR, Case of Incal v. Turkey, judgment of 9 June 1998, Reports 1998-IV, p. 1572-1573, para. 7134OAS doc. OEA/Ser.I/V/II.95, doc. 7 rev., Annual Report of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights 1996, p.

761.35I-A Court HR, Constitutional Court Case (Aguirre Roca, Rey Terry and Revorado Marsano v. Peru), judgment of 31 January 2001

75 :html._ ESP71C_/serie_c/cr.or.corteidh.www://http.

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jtml97-204/comcases/Africa/humanrts/edu.umn.1www://http.52.

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5340.54I-A Court HR, Constitutional Court Case, Competence, judgement of September 24, 1999, in OAS doc.

OEA/Ser.I/V/III.47, dic. 619992374-378.55I-A Court HR, Constitutional Court Case, (Aguirre Aoca, Rey Terry and Revrado Masano v. Peru), , judgment of 31 January 2001,

67 :html._ESP71C_/serie_c/cr.or.corteidh.www://http.5684.5778.5883.59975627.

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See also ACHPR, International Pen, Constitutional Rights ,html93-87/comcases/Africa/humanrts/edu.umn.1www://http.g.see eProject, Interrigths on behalf of Ken Saro-Wiva Jr. and Civil Liberties Organization v. Nigeria, Communications Nos. 137/94, 139/94, 154/96 and 161/97, decision of 1 October 1998, para. 86; for the text see

.html97-161_96-154_94-139_94-137/comcases/Africa/humanrts/umnedu.1www://http7614.77Eur. Court HR, Case od Dektaras v. Lithuania, judgment of 10 October 2000, para. 30.78.7932.80Eur. Court HR, Case of Oberschlick v. Austria (1), judgment of 23 May 1991, Series A, No. 204, p. 13 , para. 16 and p.

15, para. 22 for similar cases, see also Eur. Court HR, Case of Catilo Algar v. spain, judgment of 28 October 1998, Reports 1998-VIII, p. 3124 ff. and Eur. Court HR, the Case of de Haan v. the Netherlands, judgment of 26 August 1997, Reports 1997-IV, p. 1379 ff.

81Eur. Court HR, the Case of de Haan v. the Netherlands, judgment of 26 August 1997, Reports 1997-IV, p.1393, para.54.82Eur. Court HR, the Case of Kingsley v. United Kingdom, judgment of 7 November 2000, para.51; for the text of the

./int.coe.echr.www://phttjudgment, see

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83Eur. Court HR, the Case of Bryan v. the United Kingdom, judgment of 22 November 1995, Series A, No. 335-A, p. 17,para. 45.

84Eur. Court HR, the Case of Kingsley v. United Kingdom, judgment of 7 November 2000, para. 59.85Eur. Court HR, the Case of Dektaras v. Lithuania, judgment of 10 October 2000, para.38.8631.87.8836.

98 for the text of the judgment, see ;34. p,2000May 9the United Kingdom, judgment of .Court HR, Case of Sander v.Eur./int.coe.echr.www://http

90.91 .Eur. Court HR, Case of Diennet v.

France, judgment of 26 September 1995, Series A, No. 325-A (no violation); and the cases mentioned under the section dealing with "Military and other special courts or tribunals".

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A/53/40)(438-8.98 ."

"14)2( .688/1996 . .)27/2000 (A/55/40)(6010-5.

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Communication No. 218/98, 23/-7/20013:html.98_218/comcases/Africa/humanrts/edu.umn.1www://http.

114.115644.116.

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doc 6, Annual Report I-A Court HR 1999, Appendix IX, p. 263, para. 132.118262127.119.120262-263128-130.

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1996736-737.122I-A Court HR, Genie Lacayo Case, judgment of January 29, 1997, in OAS doc. OAS/Ser.I/V/III.39, doc. 5, Annual

Report I-A Court HR 1997, p. 54, para. 84.1235485.1245486.12587.126OAS doc. OEA/Ser.L/V/II.95, doc.7 rev, Annual Report of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights 1996,

p. 761.

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June 1998, Reports 1998-IV, p. 1547 ff.; Eur. Court HR, Case of Ciraklar v. Turkey, judgment of 28 October 1998, Reports 1998-VI, p. 3059 ff.; and Eur Court HR, Case of Okcuoglu v. Turkey, judgment of 8 July 1999; for the text of this judgment, see

.int.coe.echr.www://http13021/1997

1997-28174.13128275.13276.

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