Study on recycling of fusion Study on recycling of fusion activated materials: activated materials: Identify activation levels and Identify activation levels and decay time requirements of decay time requirements of irradiated material irradiated material (deliverable 3) (deliverable 3) R. Pampin R. Pampin EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association TW5-TSW-001&002 final meeting TW5-TSW-001&002 final meeting Culham Science Centre, October 2006 Culham Science Centre, October 2006
TW5-TSW-001&002 final meeting Culham Science Centre, October 2006. Study on recycling of fusion activated materials: Identify activation levels and decay time requirements of irradiated material (deliverable 3). R. Pampin EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association. Background. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Study on recycling of fusion activated materials:Study on recycling of fusion activated materials:
Identify activation levels and decay time Identify activation levels and decay time requirements of irradiated materialrequirements of irradiated material
(deliverable 3)(deliverable 3)
R. PampinR. Pampin
EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion AssociationEURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association
TW5-TSW-001&002 final meeting TW5-TSW-001&002 final meeting Culham Science Centre, October 2006Culham Science Centre, October 2006
TW5-TSW-001 final meeting, Culham Science Centre, October 2006 2/17
BackgroundBackground
European Fusion Programme strategy for fusion irradiated waste:
Release from regulatory control mildly activated material, usually lifetime, bulky, outer components: TFC, VV, LTS.
Recycle within the nuclear industry (fission/fusion) the rest.
PPCS radioactive waste results: all material cleared/recycled within 100 years, but:
TW5-TSW-001 final meeting, Culham Science Centre, October 2006 5/17
Scope and objectivesScope and objectives
To review and update PPCS work using:
Up-to-date international clearance levels: IAEA 2004.
Up-to-date nuclear data: EAF 2005.
Practical feasibility criteria: findings of this task.
More accurate modelling methodology (e.g. LiPb flow) and increased level of detail (e.g. TFC and breeder materials).
With the aim of:
Determining more realistic amounts and activation features of the material inventory.
Identifying interim decay times required during recycling.
Identifying potential for (a) reduction of waste, and (b) simplification of processes.
TW5-TSW-001 final meeting, Culham Science Centre, October 2006 6/17
Material inventoryMaterial inventory
ID category PPCS model materials phase* 1a ferritic-martensitic steels AB, B RAFM eurofer operation and decommission 1b austenitic steels and alloys AB, B 316ss, incoloy decommission 2a tungsten-rich alloys AB, B armour, divertor plates operation and decommission 2b tungsten carbide AB WC decommission 3 lithium lead AB LiPb operation and decommission 4 ceramics B Be, Li4SiO4 operation and decommission 5 zirconium hydride B ZrH1.7 decommission 6 others AB, B epoxy-glass, SC cable decommission
PPCS-AB waste
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
1a 1b 2a 2b 3 4 5 6 totalmaterial category
tonn
es
PPCS-AB operation
PPCS-AB decommission
PPCS-B waste
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
1a 1b 2a 2b 3 4 5 6 totalmaterial category
ton
ne
s
PPCS-B operation
PPCS-B decommission
PPCS-AB based on the HCLL blanket concept, PPCS-B based on the HCPB blanket concept.
TW5-TSW-001 final meeting, Culham Science Centre, October 2006 7/17
Industry experienceIndustry experience
Distinction between recycling and refurbishment:
Refurbishment: little or no processing, on-site, immediate or early reuse in the fusion plant (e.g. LiPb, ceramics).
Recycling: greater processing, off-site, later reuse in the nuclear industry in general.
Recycling strategies in the industry exist for:
Very low activity: fabrication of simple components.
Very high activity: de-activation and re-fabrication of internals.
Recycling routes envisaged for all PPCS-AB and PPCS-B materials (TW5-TSW-001 B report).
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TW5-TSW-001 final meeting, Culham Science Centre, October 2006 16/17
SummarySummary
Upgrading PPCS work on PPCS-AB and PPCS-B radioactive waste analysis using recent regulations, new nuclear data, improved modelling and realistic recycling scenarios.
Assess clearance/refurbishment/recycling potential and interim decay times.
Results:
new IAEA levels increase amount of material to recycle;
clearance is achieved within few years (OB) or few decades (IB);
most recycling material below 2 mSv/h after ~75y of decay;
are these acceptable time scales?
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SummarySummary
Three key issues to optimise fusion recycling strategy by reducing amount of material, secondary wastes and/or radiological levels:
Segregation of materials
Refurbishment
Impurity control
Further work:
Shielding issues, particularly in PPCS-B
Transport requirements?
New categorisation?
Radioactivity build-up due to (a) impurities and (b) reuse.
www.fourmilab.ch/earthscr/
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Fusion materials strategy – open
TW5-TSW-001 final meeting, Culham Science Centre, October 2006 19/17
Fusion materials strategy – closed
TW5-TSW-001 final meeting, Culham Science Centre, October 2006 20/17