R EVOLUTIONS IN L ATIN A MERICA How the Enlightenment and the French Revolution changed South America…

REVOLUTIONS IN LATIN AMERICAHow the Enlightenment and the French Revolution changed South America…

UEQ AND LEQ

UEQ: How did events in Europe cause Revolutions in Latin America?

LEQ: How important were individuals like Simon Bolivar, Jose de San Martin, Miguel Hidalgo, and Jose Maria Morelos in the Latin American Revolutions?

VOCABULARY

Latin America Revolution Peninsulares Creoles Mulattos Simon Bolivar Jose de San Martin Miguel Hidalgo Jose Maria Morelos

OUTLINE MAPS OF SOUTH AMERICA

To understand where ideas from the Enlightenment and French Revolution spread, you will color in and label one map of South America and Central America.

Use your book atlas on page A8 to A10 to properly color in all countries of Central and South America.

Be sure to use your atlas to also properly label each country of Central and South America.

CREATING A SYMBOL TO REPRESENT YOUR COUNTRY Turn to page 246 in your textbook. Read over the paragraph at the top of the page. Directions:

Pretending that you are an artist create and draw a symbol that could represent your country.

Within your symbol draw other images and symbols that represent the values and beliefs of your country.

Provide a detailed explanation of what your symbol represents and what beliefs and values it shows.

Grading:1. Participation – 10 pts2. Symbol is creative, complete, and colored – 15 pts3. Symbol contains other symbols that represent

values and beliefs – 15 pts4. Detailed explanation is provided that describes

what the symbol represents and beliefs – 20 pts

COUNTRY SYMBOLS

COUNTRY SYMBOLS

REVOLUTIONS IN SOUTH AMERICA Revolutions in America and France, and ideas

from the Enlightenment helped changed citizens ideas about who should control government.

Ideas of liberty, equality, and people ruling government spread into cities of South America.

Latin America European countries controlled many Latin

American countries. Citizens living in Latin America hated European

control and felt that revolution was necessary to be free.

STRUCTURE OF LATIN AMERICA SOCIETY Create the graphic organizer below in your

power notes. Label the different levels within the organizer

as the different social groups in Latin America, also be sure to write the notes that characterize each group next to each group.

LATIN AMERICA SOCIETY

The class of citizens controlled their place and jobs they could get in Latin American society.

Peninsulares People born in Spain Made up a small part of Latin American

population Held many high government jobs because they

were the most trustworthy.

Creoles Spanish speaking people born in Latin America Could not hold government jobs

UPPER CLASS LATIN AMERICAN CITIZENS

Peninsulares

Creoles

LATIN AMERICAN SOCIETY CONTINUED…

Mestizos Latin American citizens that had European and

Indian ancestry. Middle class citizens

Mulattos Latin American citizens of mixed European and

African ancestry. Many were slaves. Poor class citizens

MIDDLE AND LOWER CLASS LATIN AMERICAN CITIZENS

Mestizos

Mulattos

REVOLUTION BEGINS IN LATIN AMERICA

Haiti Originally called Saint Dominique and was the

first Latin American country to become free. Toussaint L’Ouverture

Led a revolt of 100,000 African slaves in 1791. Freed all African slaves on the island by 1801. Agreed with Napoleon to stop the revolt if he

freed all African slaves. French troops arrested him and imprisoned him

in France where he dies in 1803. Haiti would remain under French control until

it became its own country in 1804.

HAITI AND TOUSSANT L’OUVERTURE

CREOLE LEADERSHIP

Groups of Creoles living in Latin America were the least oppressed group. Educated Many traveled to Europe where they learned

about the Enlightenment and its ideas

1810 Rebellions break out across Latin America. Two creole generals Simon Bolivar and Jose de

San Martin help free Venezuela and Argentina from European control.

SIMON BOLIVAR Venezuela

Declared its independence from Spain in 1811. Bolivar was a military general, whose army of

volunteers was defeated in battle twice. Bolivar was captured and kicked out of

Venezuela twice. 1819

Bolivar’s army of 2,000 soldiers captured and defeated the Spanish army.

1821 Because of his success Bolivar helps Venezuela

become its own free country.

SIMON BOLIVAR

JOSE DE SAN MARTIN

Argentina Declared its independence from Spain in 1816. Spanish forces in Chile and Peru were threats to

Argentina’s independence so San Martin invaded both countries. Freed Chile in 1817

1824 San Martin had his army join with Simon Bolivar’s

army to defeat the Spanish in Peru. Bolivar’s new army defeats the Spanish and

kicks them out of Latin America. Venezuela, Colombia, Panama, and Ecuador

all become free independent countries.

JOSE DE SAN MARTIN

MEXICO BECOMES FREE

Mexico Indians and Mestizos lead the revolution for

Mexican independence from Spain.

Miguel Hidalgo Mexican priest who believed in the

Enlightenment and its ideas. In 1810 he rang his small villages church bells

while calling for a rebellion against Spain. His cry for independence caused 80,000 men to

join together as an army, but were defeated by the Spanish.

MIGUEL HIDALGO

MEXICO BECOMES FREE Jose Maria Morelos

Mexican priest that leads the defeated army of Miguel Hidalgo for four years.

Killed by a creole officer in 1815

1820 Revolution in Spain changes the government and

rulers. Creole Mexican’s unite as a group to proclaim

Mexico’s independence in 1821.