M UTrn th gii, nc gii kht c chia thnh cc loi: nc gii kht c gas, nc gii kht khng c gas, nc gii kht pha ch t hng liu, cht to mu, nc gii kht t tri cy, nc gii kht t tho mc, nc gii kht vitamin v khong cht, nc tinh khit, nc khong iu ng ch l trong nhng nm gn y xu th chung ca th trng nc gii kht l s st gim mnh m ca nc gii kht c gas v s tng trng ca cc loi nc khng c gas.
Theo kho st ca mt cng ty nghin cu th trng hng nm, th trng nc gii kht khng c gas tng 10% trong khi nc c gas gim 5%. iu ny cho thy cng vi xu th chung trn th gii, ngi tiu dng Vit Nam ch la chn dng cc loi nc gii kht c ngun gc thin nhin, giu vitamin v khong cht, t c ha cht k c cc ha cht to hng v mu sc. Chnh v th, cc cng ty sn xut kinh doanh nc gii kht tch cc u t dy chuyn, thit b, cng ngh theo hng khai thc ngun tri cy, tr xanh, tho mc v nc khong rt phong ph a dng trong nc,ch bin thnh nhng ung hp khu v, giu sinh t b dng cho sc khe p ng th hiu ca ngi tiu dng. V nc cam p l mt trong nhng sn phm v d cho iu .Nc camhaync cam p,nc cam vtl mt loithc ungph bin c lm t cambng cch chit xut nc t tri cam ti bng vic vt hay p l mt loi nc cam ti. Nc cam c cha flavonoid c li cho sc khe v l mt ngun cung cp cc cht chngoxy hahesperidin. ng thi trong nc cam c cha nhiuvitamin C, c tc dng tng cng khng, chng mt mi. Nc cam thng c s thay i gia mu cam v mu vng, mc d mt s mu ruby hoc mu cam ging mu cam hoc thm ch hi hng.
Trong sn xut cng nghip, nc cam c ch bin theo quy trnh quy m, cam ti c tp trung vi s lng ln sau c vt hoc p ly nc, nc cam c tit trng v lc b cc tp cam hay cn b trc cho bc hi trong chn khng v nhit.
TM HIU V CNG NGH SN XUT NC CAM P
1. Tng quan1.1. Tng quan v nguyn liu sn xut1.1.1. Nguyn liu chnh: Cam Gi tr dinh dng: Cam cung cp vitamin C, c tc dng tng sc khng ca c th v tng kh nng hp th st ca c thHm lng cht khong trong cam kh cao, c bit l canxi cha nhiu trong v cam gip ngn nga tnh trng long xng.Flavonoid c trong nc cam s kt hp vi vitamin C, gip tng cng h min dch v bo v mao mch.Nc cam ti cn l ngun cung cp phong ph thiamine v folate. Thiamine tham gia vo qu trnh tng hp nng lng, cn folate ngn nga nhng khim khuyt nh bnh nt t sng bo thai. Gi tr kinh t:Gi cam nguyn liu trn th trng dao ng ph thuc vo sn lng, cht lng v tnh thi v. Nhn chung cam nguyn liu a vo sn xut c gi tr thng phm khng cao, khng xut khu c. Ga cam nguyn liu dao ng trong khong 3000-8000 ng/kg. Vi gi tiu th ny, gi tr kinh t i vi cam cha c khai thc trit . Vic ch bin nc cam p t qu cam l mt gii php hu hiu nng cao gi tr kinh t ca n. Yu cu i vi nguyn liu: - Cam phi t chn k thut vi mu sc ca v qu ng vng. V qu nn bng, lng, cc ti du trn v qu tr nn cng y.- Kch thc qu trung bnh vi ng knh khong 50-70mm, khi lng khong 150-200g qu. Qu cam nguyn vn, khng c vt try xt, khng b su, khng b nhim bnh trn v qu, khng b dp nt, khng mi hi thi. T l cha t yu cu v mu sc, kch thc khng qu 5% khi lng tng nguyn liu, qu b dp, b su khng qu 2% khi lng tng nguyn liu. Tp cht khng qu 3% khi lng tng nguyn liu.1.1.2. Nguyn liu ph ng: S dng ng saccharose. Tinh th ng mu trng, kch thc tng i ng u, ti, kh, khng vn cc. Nc: Nc phi trong sut, khng mu, khng c mi v l, khng cha cc vi sinh vt gy bnh. Nc phi tha mn ch tiu v cng, kim, oxy ha, cn v ch s vi sinh. Nc s dng trong cng ngh ch bin rau qu phi l nc mm, c cng tm thi khong 0,7 mg ng lng canxi/lt v cng vnh cu khong 0,4- 0,7 mg ng lng canxi/lt. Acid citric:Trong cng nghip sn xut nc ung, ngi ta thng s dng cc acid hu c nh acid citric, acid malic, xc tc phn ng thy phn ng saccharose to dung dch syrup ng nghch o. Trong , acid citric c dng ph bin nht, do acid citric c nhiu trong rau qu t nhin, nht l trong qu c mi. Trc y, acid citric c sn xut t chanh. Ngy nay c sn xut t mt r theo phng php ln men bng chng nm mc Aspergillus niger.Tiu chun ca acid citric nguyn liu dng trong sn xut thc phm c quy nh theo TCVN 5561-1991 nh sau:+ Ch tiu cm quan:
Ch tiuYu cu
Hnh dng bn ngoi v mu scCc tinh th khng mu hay bt mu trng khng vn cc. i vi acid citric hng 1 cho php hi nh vng, dung dch acid citric trong nc ct c nng khi lng 20g/lt phi trong sut.
VChua, khng c v l
MiDung dch acid trong nc cy nng 20g/lt khng c mi
Cu trcRi v kh
Tp cht c hcKhng cho php
+ Ch tiu ha l:
Ch tiuYu cu cht lng
Thng hngHng 1
Hm lng acid citric tnh ra monohydrat C6H8O7.H2O (% m/m)>= 99,5>=99,5
Hm lng tro (%m/m)
