Top Banner
TEST REPORT OF COMPARING PIC, SOIL SEMEN, SOLINDO & ALPHENATE TO PREVENT SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION OF LATI COAL By : Dudi Setiabudi Mine Research & Development Technical Service Planning & Quality Assurance Dept. 2001
26

Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report

Dec 13, 2014

Download

Documents

Noviangie
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Page 1: Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report

TEST REPORT OF COMPARING

PIC, SOIL SEMEN, SOLINDO & ALPHENATE TO PREVENT SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION

OF LATI COAL

By : Dudi Setiabudi

Mine Research & Development Technical Service Planning & Quality Assurance Dept.

2001

Page 2: Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report

Spontaneous Combustion 2001

ii

CONTENT

Page Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.1 Purpose and Object Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2. Investigation Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. The Time and Investigation Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4. Investigation Result . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4.1 Field Investigate Result . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4.2 Laboratory Investigate Result . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4.2.1 Graphic Temperature Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4.2.2 Graphic Sizing (Cumulative Under Size) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5. Study Result . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6. Conclusion and Recommendation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TABLE CONTENT 1. Summarized Spontaneous Combustion Evaluation . . . . . .

2. Spontaneous Combustion Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. Coal Quality Spontaneous Combustion Test . . . . . . . . . . . .

4. Coal Sizing Spontaneous Combustion Test . . . . . . . . . . . .

REFERENCES 1. Yos Rosadi (1996), Self Spontaneous Combustion Test Report of Lati &

Binungan Coal, PTBC.

2. Oka Muttakin (1999), Laporan Pengujian Spontaneous Combustion untuk

Batubara Lati, PTBC.

3. Buddy Hendrawan (2000), Laporan Perbandingan Produk Solindo 2000 dan

PIC 103, PTBC.

Page 3: Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report

Spontaneous Combustion 2001

ii

APPENDIX

Figure

1 Lay out Investigate Location

2 Detail Monitoring Temperature Location

Table Temperature And Rainn Fall Monitoring

1 Soil Semen

2 P I C

3 Solindo

4 Alphenate

Photo

1. PIC First Burn at 21 February 2001

2. Soil Semen First Burn at 21 February 2001

3. Solindo First Burn at 28 February 2001

4. Alphenate First Burn at 3 March 2001

5. Coal Sampling After Burn at 6 March 2001

6. Coal Stacking Location

Material Safety Data Sheet

1. PIC

2. Soil Semen

3. Solindo

4. Alphenate

Page 4: Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report

Spontaneous Combustion 2001

ii

Summary

Spontaneous combustion is important in the world of coal mine, especially in long time coal stacking in stockpile and shipment. Coal has a self-heating if its oxidation process. The controlling of self-heating process is not good will be spontaneous combustion. PT Berau coal has twice study of preventive spontaneous combustion; there are in year 1996 and 1999. Both of twice study to conclusion that the preventive of spontaneous combustion can do with spraying chemical regent. Based on twice study and with added chemical regent product, as like: Solindo and Alphenate. Therefore, We are comparing of each chemical regent PIC, Soil Semen, Solindo and Alphenate to preventive spontaneous combustion, and It’s continued study of Dust Suppressant (2000). The result of the study with high sulfur contents of Lati coal (>1.5%), since 20 February to 6 March 2001, it’s conclusion such as: 1. Soil Semen has spontaneous combustion on

33 days with operational cost Rp 420 per ton coal.

2. PIC has spontaneous combustion on 33 days with operational cost Rp 160 per ton coal.

3. Solindo has spontaneous combustion on 40 days with operational cost Rp 136 per ton coal.

4. Alphenate has spontaneous combustion on 43 days with operational cost Rp 160 per ton coal.

Summary of the third result is shown in table Summarized Spontaneous Combustion Evaluation. Based on conclusion of 4 chemical regents investigated, as technically Alphenate is the best, but Solindo is more economics. Within as technically in the future that silindo may be to be clogs up of nozzle when regent that recommended to use for dust suppressant and preventive spontaneous combustion are: Alternative 1 = Alphenate Alternative 2 = Solindo Alternative 3 = PIC

Ringkasan Spontaneous combustion adalah masalah penting dalam dunia pertambangan terutama pada penyetokan batubara di stockpile dan pengapalan dalam waktu yang cukup lama. Spontaneous combustion terjadi apabila batubara terkena oksidasi yang tidak terkontrol. PT. Berau coal telah melakukan dua kali penelitian yaitu tahun 1996 dan 1999. Dari kedua penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa proses spontaneous combustion dapat dicegah dengan cara penyemprotan regen kimia. Berdasarkan kedua penelitian tersebut dan bertambahnya produk regen kimia, yaitu Solindo dan Alphenate, maka dilakukan percobaan spontaneous combustion dengan membandingkan produk regen kimia PIC, Soil Semen, Solindo dan Alphenate, serta merupakan tindak lanjut dari penelitian Dust Suppressant (2000). Dari hasil percobaan dengan menggunakan batubara Lati kadar sulfur tinggi (>1,5%), mulai tanggal 20 Pebruari sampai 6 Maret 2001 dapat disimpulkan bahwa: 1. Soil Sement mengalami spontaneous

combustion pada hari ke 33 dengan biaya operasional Rp 420 per ton batubara.

2. PIC mengalami spontaneous combustion pada hari ke 33 dengan biaya operasional Rp 160 per ton batubara.

3. Solindo mengalami spontaneous combustion pada hari ke 40 dengan biaya operasional Rp 136 per ton batubara.

4. Alphenate mengalami spontaneous combustion pada hari ke 43 dengan biaya operasional Rp 160 per ton batubara.

Ringkasan hasil ketiga penelitian dapat dilihat pada tabel “Summarized Spontaneous Combustion Evaluation”. Berdasarkan kesimpulan dari ke 4 regen kimia yang dilakukan penelitian, secara teknis Alphenate paling bagus (selisih 3 hari dengan solindo) dan secara ekonomis adalah solindo (selisih Rp 8 per ton batubara dengan alphenate) Dengan pertimbangan segi teknis untuk dikemudian hari, dimana solindo bisa menyebabkan tersumbatnya nozzle bila tidak dilakukan pembilasan pada nozzle setiap selesai running, maka regen kimia yang direkomendasikan untuk dipergunakan sebagai dust suppressant dan mencegah terjadinya spontaneous combustion adalah: Alternatif 1 = Alphenate Alternatif 2 = Solindo Alternatif 3 = PIC

Page 5: Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report

Spontaneous Combustion 2001

PIC(Sul

Lat

Lat

PI(Su

Lat

Lat

Lat

PIC(Sul

Lat

Lat

Lat

Lat

SUMMARIZED SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION EVALUATION

- NON PIC (Yos Rosadi, 1996)fur Content < 1%)

Coal Type Chemical Regent Day Remarks

i Coal PIC 55 Not Burn

i Coal Non PIC 30 Burn

Binungan Coal PIC 55 Not Burn

Binungan Coal Non PIC 55 Not Burn

C - SOIL SEMEN - COVERED (Oka Muttakin, 1999)lfur Content < 1%)

Coal Type Chemical Regent Day Remarks

i Coal PIC 60 Not Burn

i Coal Soil Semen 57 Burn

i Coal Covered 43 Burn

- SOIL SEMEN - SOLINDO - ALPHENATE (Dudi S, 2001)fur Content > 1.5 % )

Coal Type Chemical Regent Day Remarks

i Coal PIC 33 Burn

i Coal Soil Semen 33 Burn

i Coal Solindo 40 Burn

i Coal Alphenate 43 Burn

ii

Page 6: Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report

Spontaneous Combustion 2001

ii

Page 7: Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report
Page 8: Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report

Spontaneous Combustion 2001

1

1. Introduction

Coal is a fuel material that has physical and

chemical material of each other’s are

different. The differences to determine of

rank coal. Coal has a self-heating if its

oxidation process. The controlling of self-

heating process is not good will be

spontaneous combustion.

The spontaneous combustion is important in

the world of coal mine, especially in long time

coal stacking in stockpile and shipment.

PT Berau coal has twice study of preventive

spontaneous combustion; there are in year

1996 (Yos Rosadi) and 1999 (Okka

muttakin).

Both of twice study to conclusion that the

preventive of spontaneous combustion can

do with spraying chemical regent (table 1).

Based on twice study and with added

chemical regent product, as like: Solindo and

Alphenate. We are comparing of each

chemical regent PIC, Soil Semen, Solindo

and Alphenate to preventive spontaneous

combustion.

PIC and Alphenate are surfactant and

humectant, while Soil Semen and Solindo are

acrylic latex material (Polly vinyl acrylic

blend).

The procedure of PIC and Alphenate to

preventive oxidation process of a coal, such

as:Surfactant is chemically explained to have

1. Pendahuluan

Batubara sebagai salah satu bahan bakar

memiliki karakteristik fisik maupun kimia yang

berbeda-beda dimana hal tersebut akan

berpengaruh terhadap penggolongan kualitas

batubara. Batubara memiliki sifat pemanasan

sendiri (self-heating) apabila terjadi proses

oksidasi. Process self-heating yang tidak

terkontrol akan menyebabkan terjadinya

spontaneous combustion (pembakaran

sendiri).

Masalah spontaneous combustion adalah

masalah penting dalam dunia pertambangan

batubara, terutama pada penumpukan di

stockpile dan pengapalan batubara dalam

jangka waktu lama.

Untuk menanggulangi terjadinya

spontaneous combustion tersebut, PT. Berau

Coal telah melakukan dua kali penelitian

yaitu tahun 1996 (Yos Rosadi) dan tahun

1999 (Okka Muttakin).

Dari kedua penelitian tersebut dapat

disimpulkan bahwa penanggulangan

terjadinnya spontaneous combustion dapat

dilakukan dengan cara penyemprotan regen

kimia (Tabel 1).

Bertitik tolak dari kedua penelitian tersebut

diatas dan dengan bertambahnya produk

regen kimia, antara lain : Solindo dan

Alphenate, maka kami perlu melakukan

penelitian spontaneous combustion dengan

membandingkan produk regen kimia PIC,

Soil Semen, Solindo dan Alphenate.

Page 9: Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report

Spontaneous Combustion 2001

PIC - NON PIC (Yos Rosadi, 1996)(Sulfur Content < 1%)

Coal Type Chemical Regent Day Remarks

Lati Coal PIC 55 Not Burn

Lati Coal Non PIC 30 BurnBinungan Coal PIC 55 Not Burn

Binungan Coal Non PIC 55 Not Burn

PIC - SOIL SEMEN - COVERED (Oka Muttakin, 1999)(Sulfur Content < 1%)

Coal Type Chemical Regent Day Remarks

Lati Coal PIC 60 Not Burn

Lati Coal Soil Semen 57 Burn

Lati Coal Covered 43 Burn

Table 1SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION EVALUATION

PIC dan Alphenate terdiri dari surfactant dan

humectant, sedangkan Soil Semen dan

Solindo terdiri dari bahan acrilik latec (poly

vinyl acrylic blend).

both hydrophilic and hydrophobic radicals is

its molecule. The hydrophobic radicals of

surfactant absorb on the surface of coal

efficiently thus the surface of a coal becomes

hydrophilic. The wettability of coal surface

induced by the function of surfactant is

prolonged by the function of humectant.

Prinsip kerja PIC dan Alphenate dalam

mencegah terjadinya oksidasi dalam

batubara, yaitu Surfactant yang berfungsi

memberikan efek pembasahan pada

permukaan batubara dengan cara

menurunkan tegangan permukaan pada

batubara dan humectan berfungsi sebagai

pengontrol penguapan air dan juga

memperpanjang umur pembasahan pada

permukaan batubara.

Prosedure of Soil Semen and Solindo, it’s

acrylic latex that function to bond coal

surface and aggregate together.

1.1 Purpose and Object Study

The purpose of study is investigate of

alternative technology with comparing

chemical regent product PIC, Soil Semen,

Solindo and Alphenate to preventive

Sedangkan prinsip kerja Soil Semen dan

Solindo dalam mencegah oksidasi tersebut

adalah acrylic latex yang berfungsi mengikat

2

Page 10: Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report

Spontaneous Combustion 2001

3

spontaneous combustion. And to continued

study of Dust Suppressants in March 2000.

The objective study is :

- Investigate of effectively of surfactant,

humectant and acrylic latex to preventive

spontaneous combustion in stockpile.

- Knowing of environmental influence to

spontaneous combustion.

- Knowing the eliminated time of coal

stacking in stockpile.

- Recommended of the result investigation.

2. Investigation Method Investigation Flow diagram is shown in table 3, while as detail such as: - The investigated used 400 tonnes high

sulfur of Q Seam Lati for each chemical

regent PIC, Soil Semen, Solindo and

Alphenate in 1% solution.

- Spraying chemical regent in belt

conveyor upter crushing (-50 mm) in

Roxon.

- Coal sample after coal crushing and

spraying chemical regent by automatic

sampling.

- Coal stocking in ROM 2 with 30 meters

long, 7 meters width and 5 meters high

(Figure. 1).

- Monitoring temperature twice in a day at

9.00 and 16.00 WITA divided to 17

monitoring location (Figure. 2).

- Sample taken after spontaneous

combustion by manual.

partikel-partikel halus dan membentuk

lapisan mantel pada permukaan batubara.

1.1 Maksud dan Tujuan

Maksud dilakukan penelitian adalah untuk

melakukan pengkajian dan pencarian

teknologi alternatif yaitu dengan

membandingkan produk regen kimia PIC,

Soil Semen, Solindo, dan Alphenate

terhadap proses spontaneous combustion.

Serta menindak lanjuti percobaan Dust

Suppressant bulan Maret 2000.

Tujuannya adalah :

- Menguji efesiensi surfactant, humectant

dan acrylic latex dalam mencegah /

menghambat proses spontaneous

combustion di stockpile.

- Mengetahui pengaruh kondisi lingkungan

terhadap spontaneous combustion.

- Mengetahui umur penyimpanan batubara

di stockpile.

- Merekomendasdikan hasil penelitian.

5. Metode Penelitian Flow diagram penelitian terlampir pada table

3, adapun secara detai adalah :

- Pengujian dilakukan terhadap batubara

high sulfur Q seam – Lati yang masing-

masing sebanyak 400 ton untuk setiap

regen kimia PIC, Soil Semen, Solindo

dan Alphenate dengan konsentrasi

larutan regen kimia sebesar 1%.

- Penyemprotan regen kimia dilakukan di

belt conveyor setelah batubara di cruhing

(50 mm) di Roxon.

Page 11: Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report

Spontaneous Combustion 2001

19 Februari 2001 ( 2nd Shiff ) 20 Februari 2001 ( 1st Shiff )

Belt Conpeyor

LATI MINE ROM 1 CHRUSER STOCKPILE ROM 2

SPRAYING CHEMICAL REGENT COAL STOCKING

- SOIL SEMEN - TEMPERATURE- P I C - RAIN FALL- SOLINDO - WIND DIRECTION- ALPHENATE - COAL PHYSICS

AUTOMATIC SAMPLING MANUAL SAMPLING

INVESTIGATION FLOW DIAGRAM TEST SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION

( 20 February to 6 March 2001 )

Table 3

- Pengambilan sample dilakukan pada

automatic sample (batubara telah

dicrushing dan disemprot regen kimia).

3. Time and Investigation Area

- Batubara di tumpuk di tempat yang telah

ditentukan (ROM 2) dengan pangjang

tumpukan 30 meter, tinggi 5 meter, lebar

7 meter (Gambar 1).

The investigated in Lati area within high

sulfur content (more than 1.5%), since 20

February to 6 March 2001.

- Monitoring temperature dilakukan 2 kali

perhari sekitar jam 9.00 dan jam 16.00

yang dibagi menjadi 17 titik pengamatan

(Gambar 2).

4. Investigation Result The investigation result divided to field and

laboratory investigate. - Pengambilan sample setelah proses

spontaneous combustion dilakukan

secara manual dengan menggunakan

skop.

4.1 Field Investigate Result

• 20 February 2001 - PIC, location no. 10 has a white fog. 3. Waktu Dan Lokasi Penelitian

• 21 February 2001 - PIC, White fog in location no. 10

becomes blue fog and coal burn

smell. After a coal removed is about

Penelitian dilakukan di Lati dengan

spesifikasi kualitas batubara sulfur tinggi

(kadar sulfur lebih besar dari 1,5%).

4

Page 12: Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report

Spontaneous Combustion 2001

5

50 cm to 70 cm depth is showed coal

burn with temperature 450oC.

- Soil Semen beginning burn between

location no. 10 and 11 with

temperature 417oC.

• 24 February 2001

- All coal stacking has white fog

• 28 February 2001

- Solindo, beginning burns between

location no. 8 and 9 with temperature

530oC.

• 3 March 2001

- Alphenate, beginning burns between

location no. 10 and 11 with

temperature 383oC.

• 6 March 2001

- The end temperature monitoring and

taken sample by manual.

1.2 Analysis Laboratory Result

The analysis result consists of Proximate,

TM, TS, CV and Sizing (Table 4 and 5). The

result of temperature monitoring and sizing

It’s shown in graphic temperature monitoring

(4.2.1) and graphic sizing (4.2.2).

5. Study Result Both of investigate in the field and laboratory

of the coal stacking, part of the first burn at

northeaster coal stacking and parallel with

haul road. This is equal with wind direction

northeast to southwest (figure 1).

In graphic monitoring temperature is shown :

- PIC, from beginning investigate has a

Penelitian ini dimulai tanggal 20 Januari

sampai 6 Maret 2001.

4. Hasil Penelitian Hasil penelitian terdiri dari hasil pengamatan

dilapangan dan hasil analisa di laboratorium.

4.1 Hasil Pengamatan Lapangan

• Tanggal 20 Pebruari 2001

- PIC, di sekitar lokasi pengamatan no

10 sudah mengeluarkan asap

berwarna putih.

• Tanggal 21 Pebruari 2001

- PIC, kondisi asap pada titik

pengamatan no. 10 berwarna biru

dan bau batubara terbakar, saat

dilakukan pembongkaran di sekitar

kedalaman 50 sampai 70 cm

mengeluarkan bara api dengan

temperatur 450oC.

- Soil Semen mulai terbakar disekitar

titik pengamatan 10 dan 11 dengan

temperature 417oC.

• Tanggal 24 Pebruari 2001

- Semua tumpukan batubara

mengeluarkan asap putih

(penguapan).

• Tanggal 28 Pebruari 2001

- Solindo mulai terbakar disekitar titik

pengamatan 8 dan 9 dengan suhu

530oC.

• Tanggal 3 Maret 2001

- Alphenate mulai terbakar disekitar

titik pengamatan 10 dan 11 dengan

suhu 383oC.

• Tanggal 6 Maret 2001

Page 13: Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report

Spontaneous Combustion 2001

6

highest temperature. It is clearly at 23rd

days and burn at 33rd days.

- Soil Semen, in the beginning investigate

has a lowest temperature but at 23rd days

temperature to increase as significant

with to add days and burn at 33rd days.

- Solindo, at the beginning investigate has

temperature between PIC and Soil

Semen but higher than Alphenate. It’s

burn at 40 days

- Alphenate, It’s the last burn at 43rd days.

It’s to ward of the end investigate at 31st

days has a lowest temperature.

The relation of temperature and weather is

shown in temperature monitoring graphic that

a higher temperature is equal with higher

rainfall. It’s the same with the according to

Young (1976) both adsorption of water on dry

or partially dry coal and oxygen reactions

with coal are exothermic. The absorption of

sufficient water vapour from moist air to raise

the moisture content of 100 gram of low rank

coal from say 10 to 11 % will generate over

2.6 kilo joule of heat. This will lead to a rise of

about 17oC in the temperature of the coal

assuming no heat loss.

The coal sizes of coal stacking of all chemical

regents are relative the same characteristic

that coal particle –50 mm to increase after

has a coal stacking burn or end of

investigate. This is oxidation product, which

cause breakage of coal. The increase of coal

size –22.4 mm to +1 mm of Soil Semen, PIC

and Solindo. And the increase of coal size

–11.5 mm to +1 mm of Alphenate.

- Akhir monitoring stockpile dan

pengambilan sample secara manual.

4.2 Hasil Analisa Laboratorium Hasil analisa laboratorium terdiri dari

Proximate, TM, TS, CV dan Sizing (Tabel 4

dan 5). Hasil pengamatan temperatur dan

sizing juga diperlihakan pada grafik

temperature monitoring (4.2.1) dan grafic

sizing (4.2.2)

5. PEMBAHASAN Dari hasil penelitian dan pengamatan

dilapangan keempat tumpukan batubara

mulai terbakar pada bagian timur laut

tumpukan batubara yang sejajar dengan

jalan angkut batubara (haul road). Hal ini

sesuai dengan arah angin utama yaitu timur

laut – barat daya (gambar 1).

Pada graphic temperature monitoring

diperlihatkan bahwa:

- PIC sejak awal penelitian memiliki

tamperatur yang lebih tinggi dibanding

tumpukan batubara regen kimia lain dan

terlihat jelas mulai pengamatan pada hari

ke 23 sampai terbakar pada hari ke 33.

- Soil Semen pada awal penelitian memiliki

temperatur paling rendah dibanding

tumpukan batubara regen kimia lain

namun mulai hari ke 23 temperatur Soil

Semen meningkat secara signifikan

dengan bertambahnya waktu sampai

akhirnya terbakar pada hari ke 33.

Page 14: Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report

Spontaneous Combustion 2001

7

The coal quality of coal stacking of all

chemical regents is generally has the

increase of inherent moisture and to following

decrease of calorific value. This is caused by

oxidation process of coal. While another

quality parameters in range of repeatability.

6. Conclusion and Recommendation 6.1 Conclusion Based on the investigate above have as a

conclusion that :

1. Soil Semen has burn on 33 days with

operational cost Rp 420 per ton coal.

2. PIC has burn on 33 days with

operational cost Rp 160 per ton coal.

3. Solindo has burn on 40 days with

operational cost Rp 136 per ton coal.

4. Alphenate has burn on 43 days with

operational cost Rp 160 per ton coal.

6.2 Recommendation

Based on conclusion of 4th chemical regents

therefore to recommended that has a reduce

dust suppressant and preventive

spontaneous combustion are : - Alternative 1 = Alphenate

- Alternative 2 = Solindo

- Alternative 3 = PIC

- Solindo dari awal penelitian memiliki

temperature diantara PIC dan Soil

Semen, tetapi berada di atas rata-rata

temperature Alphenate dan terbakar

pada hari ke 40.

- Alphenate adalah tumpukan batubara

yang paling akhir terbakar yaitu pada hari

ke 43. Menjelang akhir penelitian, yaitu

mulai hari ke 31 relatif memiliki

temperature paling rendah dibandingkan

dengan regen kimia lain.

Hubungan antara temperature dengan cuaca

dapat dilihat pada graphic temperature

monitoring yaitu besarnya temperature

berbanding lurus dengan besarnya curah

hujan. Hal ini sesuai dengan teori yang

dikemukakan oleh Young (1976) yang

menyatakan bahwa penyerapan air dan

oksigen dalam batubara kering adalah reaksi

eksoterm. Dalam 100 gram batubara derajat

rendah (low rank coal) dengan kandungan

moisture naik 10-11% akan menghasilkan

2.6 kilo-joule panas atau sekitar 17oC dengan

asumsi tidak ada panas yang hilang (Young,

1976).

Ditinjau dari hasil sizing semua tumpukan

batubara dengan regen kimia tersebut

mempunyai sifat yang relatif sama yaitu

jumlah size –50 mm meningkat setelah

penelitian berakhir (batubara terbakar). Hal

ini terjadi karena adanya proses oksidasi

yang menyebabkan pecahnya partikel-

partikel batubara. Bertambahnya partikel

halus tersebut terkonsentrasi pada ukuran

butir –22.4 mm sampai +1 mm untuk Soil

Semen, PIC, dan Solindo. Dan –11.2mm

Page 15: Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report

Spontaneous Combustion 2001

8

sampai +1 mm untuk Alphenate.

Ditinjau dari segi kualitas batubara, semua

tumpukan batubara dengan regen kimia

tersebut, secara umum memiliki inherent

moisture meningkat dan kalori batubara

menurun, sedangkan parameter kualitas

batubara yang lain berada dalam jangkauan

repeatability. Meningkatnya inherent moisture

yang diikuti dengan turunnya kalori batubara

disebabkan oleh proses oksidasi pada

partikel-partikel batubara.

5.1 Analisis Biaya

Dalam pengujian spontaneous combustion

ini, untuk 400 ton batubara diperlukan 1.100

liter larutan yang terdiri dari 11 liter regen

kimia dan 1.089 liter air. Biaya operasional

percobaan terlampir.

Biaya per ton batubara untuk :

- Soil Semen = Rp 420

- PIC = Rp 160

- Solindo = Rp 136

- Alphenate = Rp 160

5.2 Analisis Operasional

Secara operasional PIC dan Alphenate yang

terdiri dari surfactant dan Humectan tidak

ada masalah karena regen kimia tersebut

dapat larut dalam air dangan baik.

Sedangkan Solindo dan Soil semen yang

terdiri dari Acrylic Latex dapat menyebabkan

tersumbatnya nozzle, tapi hal ini bisa diatasi

dengan cara dibilas air pada saat operasional

berhenti.

Page 16: Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report

Spontaneous Combustion 2001

9

Ditinjau dari segi lingkungan Solindo dan soil

semen berbau tidak nyaman, sedangkan PIC

dan Alphenate tidak berbau.

6 Kesimpulan dan Rekomendasi 6.1 Kesimpulan

Dari hasil penelitian spontaneous combustion

ke empat regen kimia yaitu Soil Semen, PIC,

Solindo dan Alphenate dapat disimpulkan

sebagai berikut :

1. Soil Sement mengalami spontaneous

combustion pada hari ke 33 dengan

biaya operasional Rp 420 per ton

batubara.

6. PIC mengalami spontaneous combustion

pada hari ke 33 dengan biaya

operasioanl Rp 160 per ton batubara.

7. Solindo mengalami spontaneous

combustion pada hari ke 40 dengan

biaya operasional Rp 136 per ton

batubara.

8. Alphenate mengalami spontaneous

combustion pada hari ke 43 dengan

biaya operasional Rp 160 per ton

batubara.

6.2 Rekomendasi

Berdasarkan kesimpulan dari ke 4 regen

kimia yang dilakukan penelitian, secara

teknis Alphenate paling bagus, namun

Solindo lebih ekonomis. Karena perbedaan

terbakarnya antara Alphenate dan Solindo

hanya 3 hari, maka regen kimia yang

direkomendasikan untuk dipergunakan

sebagai dust suppressant dan untuk

mencegah terjadinya spontaneous

Page 17: Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report

Spontaneous Combustion 2001

10

combustion adalah:

Alternatif 1 = Solindo

Alternatif 2 = Alphenate

Alternatif 3 = PIC

Page 18: Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report

Spontaneous Combustion 2001

11

TM M ASH VM FC TS TS CV CV CVNo % % % % % % % kcal/kg kcal/kg kcal/kg

ar adb adb adb adb adb arb adb ar daf

Before Burn

1 Soil Semen 24.72 15.00 4.30 41.80 38.90 1.86 1.65 5,750 5,093 7,125

2 PIC 24.79 16.00 5.80 40.00 38.20 1.66 1.49 5,539 4,959 7,083

3 Solindo 24.59 15.40 4.40 41.50 38.70 1.61 1.44 5,715 5,094 7,126

4 Alphenate 24.95 16.40 4.30 40.50 38.80 1.62 1.45 5,685 5,104 7,169

After Burn

1 Soil Semen 24.80 16.70 5.10 41.00 37.20 2.01 1.81 5,416 4,889 6,926

2 PIC 24.50 17.30 4.20 40.40 38.10 1.90 1.73 5,433 4,960 6,921

3 Solindo 23.80 19.50 4.20 39.00 37.30 1.98 1.87 5,422 5,132 7,106

4 Alphenate 24.80 18.60 4.40 39.60 37.40 1.72 1.59 5,352 4,944 6,951

-50 -40 -31.5 -22.4 -11.2 -4.75 -2.00 -1.00 -0.50No +50 +40 +31.5 +22.4 +11.2 +4.75 +2.00 +1.00 +0.50 Total

mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm

Before Burn

1 Soil Semen 7.05 10.66 12.03 15.32 20.72 15.54 8.08 3.62 3.45 3.53 100

2 PIC 7.53 12.77 8.80 14.33 21.65 17.05 7.09 3.62 3.44 3.72 100

3 Solindo 8.36 13.16 12.10 13.06 18.63 15.70 7.41 3.99 3.70 3.89 100

4 Alphenate 6.41 14.39 9.08 12.06 24.86 17.85 6.08 3.17 3.09 3.01 100

After Burn

1 Soil Semen 1.3 4.0 4.3 8.2 21.7 26.5 13.6 6.5 6.7 7.1 100

2 PIC 1.5 3.7 5.0 9.7 24.5 24.0 10.8 6.3 7.1 7.5 100

3 Solindo 2.8 6.9 10.2 12.8 17.4 21.4 13.3 4.6 5.2 5.5 100

4 Alphenate 3.7 6.0 9.9 13.4 17.4 21.2 14.1 4.7 4.3 5.3 100

Tabel 4Coal Quality Spontaneous Combustion Test

Chemical Regent

Coal Sizing Spontaneous Combustion Test

Chemical Regent

Tabel 5

Page 19: Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report

Spontaneous Combustion 2001

12

4.2.1 Graphic Temperature Monitoring

SPONTENEOUS COMBUSTIONPeriod : 20 January to 6 March 2001

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45

Day

Max

imum

Tem

pera

ture

(OC

)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

Rai

n Fa

ll (m

m) Cuaca

SoilSementPIC

Solindo

Alphenate

SPONTENEOUS COMBUSTIONPeriod : 20 January to 6 March 2001

25

35

45

55

65

75

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45

Day

Ave

rage

Tem

pera

ture

(OC

)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

Rai

n Fa

ll (m

m) cuaca

SoilSementPIC

Solindo

Alphenate

Page 20: Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report

Spontaneous Combustion 2001

4.2.2 Graphic Cumulative Under Size

13

SO IL SEM EN

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-50 -40 -31.5 -22.4 -11.2 -4 .75 -2 .00 -1.00 -0.50SIZE (m m )

% (W

eigh

t)

P IC

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-50 -40 -31.5 -22.4 -11.2 -4.75 -2.00 -1.00 -0.50S IZE (m m )

% (W

eigh

t)

SO LIND O

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-50 -40 -31.5 -22.4 -11.2 -4 .75 -2 .00 -1 .00 -0 .50SIZE (m m )

% (W

eigh

t)

ALPH EN ATE

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-50 -40 -31.5 -22.4 -11.2 -4.75 -2.00 -1.00 -0.50SIZE (m m )

% (W

eigh

t)

After Burn Before Burn

Page 21: Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report

Spontaneous Combustion 2001

4.2.3 Graphic Sizing

SOIL SEMEN

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

+50 +40-50

+31.5-40

+22.4-31.5

+11.2-22.4

+4.75-11.2

+2.00-4.75

+1.00-2.00

+0.50-1.00

-0.50

SIZE (mm)

% (W

eigh

t)

PIC

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

+50 +40-50

+31.5-40

+22.4-31.5

+11.2-22.4

+4.75-11.2

+2.00-4.75

+1.00-2.00

+0.50-1.00

-0.50

SIZE (mm)

% (W

eigh

t)

SOLINDO

0

5

10

15

20

25

+50 +40-50

+31.5-40

+22.4-31.5

+11.2-22.4

+4.75-11.2

+2.00-4.75

+1.00-2.00

+0.50-1.00

-0.50

SIZE (mm)

% (W

eigh

t)

ALPHENATE

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

+50 +40-50

+31.5-40

+22.4-31.5

+11.2-22.4

+4.75-11.2

+2.00-4.75

+1.00-2.00

+0.50-1.00

-0.50

SIZE (mm)

% (W

eigh

t)

After Burn Before Burn

14

Page 22: Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report

Spontaneous Combustion 2001

15

Page 23: Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report

Spontaneous Combustion 2001

16

A P P E N D I X

Page 24: Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report

Spontaneous Combustion 2001

17

Foto 1. PIC First Burn at 21 February 2001

Foto 2. Soill Semen First Burn at 21 February 2001

Page 25: Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report

Spontaneous Combustion 2001

18

Foto 3. Solindo First Burn at 28 February 2001

Foto 4. Alphenate First Burn at 3 March 2001

Comment:

Page 26: Quality - Spontaneous Combustion Report

Spontaneous Combustion 2001

Foto 5. Coal Sampling after burn at 6 March 2001

Foto 6. Coal stacking location

19