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QualityMilkAlliance:SurveyFindings
June18,2013
RebeccaSchewe
JeanKayitsinga
CaseyOdomAlanCoats
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Outline
1. Keyfindings2. Surveymethodology3. DescripFvestaFsFcs4. Keyvariables:bivariatefindings5. Keyvariables:mulFvariatefindings
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Keyindings
AtudedoesmaLer! IgetconcernedifthesomaFccellcountofmyherd
reaches
MasFFsisaproblemonmyfarm KeypracFces:
UseofoxytocinformilkletdownUseinternalteatsealantatdryoffUseintramammaryanFbioFcsatdryoff(drytreat)Changinglinersmorethan5Fmesperyear
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SurveyMethodology
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SurveyMethodology
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HerdSize
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ProducFon
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BTSCC
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MilkingPracFces
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MasFFsManagement
Never Sometimes Frequently Always N/A
Milk mastitis and treated cows in aseparate group
Weighted n 1,019 439 132 1,025 265
Percent 35% 15% 5% 36% 9%
Use oxytocin for milk letdownWeighted n 1,045 1,544 208 71 60
Percent 36% 53% 7% 2% 2%
Use intramammary antibiotics at dryoff (dry treatment)
Weighted n 292 321 135 2,223 3
Percent 10% 11% 5% 75% 0%
Use an internal teat sealant at dry offWeighted n 1,467 202 62 1,127 63
Percent 50% 7% 2% 39% 2%
Dock tailsWeighted n 2,180 267 65 406 40
Percent 74% 9% 2% 14% 1%
Singe hair on the udderWeighted n 1,879 558 201 239 51
Percent 64% 19% 7% 8% 2%
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MasFFsManagementNever Sometimes Frequently Always N/A
Use vaccines to control coliformmastitis
Weighted n 1,672 367 127 722 35
Percent 57% 13% 4% 25% 1%
Use vaccines to control staphaureus
Weighted n 2,188 336 62 239 92
Percent 75% 12% 2% 8% 3%
Insure strict compliance withmilking protocols
Weighted n 199 387 643 1,431 176
Percent 7% 14% 23% 50% 6%
Insure strict compliance withmilking protocols*
Weighted n 28 125 240 543
Percent 3% 13% 26% 58%
Clean alleys/gutters after orduring each milking
Weighted n 83 316 378 2,107 82
Percent 3% 11% 13% 71% 3%
Train employees in mastitis
protocols
Weighted n 354 379 416 903 664
Percent 13% 14% 15% 33% 24%
Train employees in mastitisprotocols*
Weighted n 58 164 221 435
Percent 7% 19% 25% 50%
*Onlyincludingthosewithnon-family
employees.
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MasFFsTreatmentandDiagnosis
Never Sometimes Frequently Always N/A
Use individual cow SCC toidentify infected cows
Weighted n 552 789 620 898 71
Percent 19% 27% 21% 31% 2%
Use conductivity in milk toidentify infected cows
Weighted n 1,622 517 179 243 233
Percent 58% 18% 6% 9% 8%
Culture milk samples from highSCC or conductivity cows Weighted n 991 1,369 296 155 73Percent 34% 47% 10% 5% 3%
Culture milk samples fromclinical mastitis cases
Weighted n 933 1,480 258 168 41
Percent 32% 51% 9% 6% 1%
Culture bulk milk tank samplesWeighted n 1,753 798 110 127 39
Percent 62% 28% 4% 4% 1%
Keep written or computertreatment records for all cows
Weighted n 1,042 453 304 1,022 52
Percent 36% 16% 11% 36% 2%
Treat mastitis cows for the fullcourse of antibiotic doses
Weighted n 281 647 518 1,439 63
Percent 10% 22% 18% 49% 2%
Review treatment records beforemaking treatment decisions
Weighted n 547 1,006 431 771 106
Percent 19% 35% 15% 27% 4%
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MasFFsTreatmentandDiagnosis
Never Sometimes Frequently Always N/A
Use systemic antibiotics totreat clinical mastitis
Weighted n 718 1,346 309 234 190
Percent 26% 48% 11% 8% 7%
Use intramammary antibioticsto treat clinical mastitis
Weighted n 418 998 567 849 55
Percent 14% 35% 20% 29% 2%
Use antiinflammatory drugs to
treat clinical mastitis
Weighted n 926 1,241 330 224 87
Percent 33% 44% 12% 8% 3%Use oxytocin to treat clinicalmastitis
Weighted n 1,428 1,023 225 183 62
Percent 49% 35% 8% 6% 2%
Use natural (organic) therapiesto treat clinical mastitis
Weighted n 1,089 955 406 257 119
Percent 39% 34% 14% 9% 4%
Use alcohol pads beforeintramammary tube infusions
Weighted n 187 191 170 2,339 57
Percent 6% 6% 6% 79% 2%
Train employees in treatmentprotocols
Weighted n 441 423 332 864 655Percent 16% 16% 12% 32% 24%
Train employees in treatmentprotocols*
Weighted n 118 204 146 402
Percent 14% 23% 17% 46%
*Onlyincludingthosewithnon-family
employees.
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HoldingMeeFngs
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SignificantVariables(Bivariate)
Decreases BTSCC Gloves worn Q29Post-dip Q34
Children Under 16 Milk (with employees) Q55
Financial Incentive (with employees) Q56
Financial Penalty (all) Q57
The entire milking system is evaluated Q38
Number of times liners (inflations) are replaced per year*** Q39
Having a Herringbone Parlor Q21
Housing Dry Cows on Fresh Sand Q20Housing Dry Cows on Fresh Sand and Pasture Q20
Housing Lactating Cows on Fresh Sand Q20
Use oxytocin for milk let down Q42
Use intra-mammary antibiotic at dry off (dry treatment) Q42
Use an internal treat sealant (at dry off) Q42
Low Threshold of Concern for BTSCC Q49
Increases BTSCC Water Used During Prep Q26
Having a Tie Stall Parlor Q21Having a Robotic Parlor Q21
Housing Dry Cows on Loose housing (straw, sawdust, or shavings) & Pasture Q20
Housing Lactating Cows in Stanchion or Tie Stall Barn Q19
Housing Lactating Cows on Pasture Q19
Bedding Lactating Cows on Platform with straw, sawdust, or shavings Q20
Bedding Lactating Cows in Loose housing (straw, sawdust, or shavings) Q20
Bedding Lactating Cows on Pasture Q20
Mastitis is a problem on my farm Q51
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MasFFsManagement
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Atude
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Mul7pleRegressionModelsofBTSCCon
SelectedCharacteris7cs
Model1Controlsonly Model2SSCacceptablethreshold Model3MilkingpracFces Model4MasFFsmanagement Model5MasFFsDiagnosisandtreatment Model6--SourcesofinformaFon Model7--AtudesaboutmasFFs Model5Cowenvironment(beddingand
milkingfaciliFes)
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Predictors Standardized Coefficients
(Beta)
Male.108
Years on dairy farm .189**
White .010Amish .050Mennonite .076Native English speaker .178
*High school or equivalent .171Some college (include associate degree) .148Bachelor's degree or beyond .192< 80% income from dairy farm .02280 99% income from dairy farm .046Non-family employees -.112Children < 16 years help with milking .056Sole proprietor -.084# of milking cows (log) -.093Michigan -.218
***R2 0.176
Model1Controlsonly
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Model2SCCAcceptableThreshold
20
Predictors StandardizedCoefficients
(Beta)
Acceptable threshold < 300,000 -.568***
R2 0.441
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Model3MilkingPrac7ces
21
Predictors StandardizedCoefficients
(Beta)
Udderswashedorsprayedwithwater
beforemilking
.068
Gloveswonduringmilking -.031Teatsdriedbeforemilking .011Teatsdisinfectedaermilking(post-dip) -.007Changelinersmorethan57mes/year -.118
*R2 0.45
Note:Responseswere1=Yes;0=No
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Model4Mas77sManagement
(Q42)
22
Predictors Standardized
Coefficients(Beta)
Use oxytocin for milk let down -.122*Use intramammary antibiotic at dry off
(dry treatment) -.223***
Use an internal treat sealant (at dry
off) -.055
R2 0.520
Note:Scalerangesfrom1=Neverto4=Always
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Model5DiagnosisandTreatment
(Q43)
23
Predictors Standardized
Coefficients(Beta)
Use individual cow CSS to identifyinfected cows .158
**Culture milk samples from high SCC
or conductivity cows -.136*
Culture bulk tank milk samples -.112*R2 0.557
Note:Scalerangesfrom1=Neverto4=Always
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Model6SourcesofInforma7on
(Q48)
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Predictors Standardized
Coefficients(Beta)
Milk cooperative .053Farm journals .128*Internet -.087Drug company representatives -.118*R2 0.586
Note:Scalerangesfrom1=Veryunimportantto5=Veryimportant
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ModelAWtudes(Q51)
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Predictors Standardized
Coefficients(Beta)
Mastitis is a problem on my farm .150**Milking equipment plays an important
role in mastitis problems -.140**
R2 0.617
Note:Scalerangesfrom1=Stronglydisagreeto5=Stronglyagree
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Model8CowEnvironment
26
Predictors StandardizedCoefficients(Beta)
Stanchion or tie stall .271***Stanchion or tie stall & Pasture .120
**
Loose housing, Outdoor Lot, & Pasture .183***Platform with sawdust, straw, or wood
shavings.110*
Sand - (Fresh) .085
Other bedding types.100*
Employees received a financial or other
incentive based on milk quality -054
R20.666
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RecommendaFons
Backthebasics Atudes:loweracceptablethreshold PracFces:
Useofoxytocinduringmilking
Useinternalteatsealantatdryoff
UseintramammaryanFbioFcsatdryoff(drytreat) Changinglinersmorethan5Fmesperyear
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NextSteps
Sub-groupanalysis
EmployeepracFces
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Atude
Concern Average BTSCC
100,000 97,323
150,000 113,812
200,000 163,728
250,000 199,367
300,000 240,372
350,000 268,332
400,000 301,578
450,000 353,819
500,000 286,197
> 500,000 317,214Chi Squared 315.8609***
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DesignedwithmyVeterinarian
Small Medium Large Total
Designedwith Vet Yes 732.4 52.29 72.31 857
Percent 28% 58% 82%
No 1850 38.51 15.56 1904
Percent 72% 42% 18%
Total 2582 90.81 87.87 2761