Quality Education for the Children of Nepal

Quality Education for the Children of Nepal

Syyspäivät September 2012

Nepal Country Context

Nepal is… •½ the land size of Norway

•½ the land size of Finland

•⅓ the land size of Sweden

Nepal is a very

‘verti cal’ country

F r o m 5 0 m

To 8 8 4 8 m

Nepal is a ‘diverse’ country

H i n d u sB u d d h i s t sM u s l i m sA n i m i s t s

O v e r 1 0 0 c a s t e s & e t h n i c g r o u p s

w h o a r e

Nepal – Key Facts (1)The country is at its transition stage. (Decade-long conflict ended in 2006, awaiting new constitution)

• Population 29 million with 43% under 18 yrs.

• Ranked 138 out of 177 on the Human Development Index

• 55% of population living under the 1.25 USD/day (international poverty line)

• Life expectancy at birth of 67 years

• Neonatal mortality rate of 27/1000 live births

• Infant mortality rate of 39/1000 live births

• High maternal mortality ratio of 281/1000 live births

• 49% stunting among children under 5 yrs.

Nepal – Key Facts (2)• Primary school Net Enrolment Rate 93.7%

• 23 % of population lack access to improved water supplies

• 61% of population lack access to toilets

• 35% of under 5 children have birth certificates

• HIV/AIDS prevalence 0.39%

In addition to socio-economic and geographical disparities, gender, disabilities, and caste-based disparities are prominent in Nepal.

• Literacy rate 15years and above(2008)Women 43.3% ↔ Men 70.7%

Women face double/triple layers of disparity.

Dalit women 17.2% ↔ Dalit men 48.5 %Dalit women 17.2% ↔ Brahmin men 96.9% (Dalit=lowest caste) (Brahmin= highest caste)

3. UNICEF Country Programme 2008-2012 (1)

All programme components have a special focus on the most disadvantaged and marginalised.

Programme components :

• Health & nutrition • Education • HIV/AIDS• Protection• Water & Sanitation

Education Context (1)Enrolment rates:• Primary net enrolment rate – 94.5 % (girls 93,6% but

low retention)• Primary grade repetition – 14 % • Survival rate to grade 5 – 80.6% • Survival rate to grade 8 – 66 % • Secondary net enrolment rate – 69,3% (girls 68,5 %) • About 400,000 children (5-14 yrs.) out of school

Disparities • 17 % of children 5-14yrs. out of school in less-performing

district • 17% of girls 10-14 yrs. out of school, compared to 8% of boys

Centres/Schools• ECD: 31 089 (26 773 Government funded)• Primary level (Grades1-5): 27 093. No school fees. • Lower Secondary level (Grades 6-8): 8 823• Higher Secondary level (Grades 8-10): 4 946

Education Context (2)

Teachers: •ECD facilitators: 26 773•Primary level: 126 551 (47 477 females)•Lower Secondary level: 32 438 (6 163 females)•Higher Secondary level: 21 656 ( 2 849 females)

Teacher –student ratio:•Primary: 1: 44•Secondary: 1: 34

Education Challenges (1)

Overall: To reach the unreached (social exclusion: marginalized children and girls)

Root causes:•Socio economic (child labor)•Cultural (social exclusion, castes, ethnicity, early marriages, girls, mother tongue)•Security

Education Challenges (2)

Programmatic:

Access: geographical disparities, seasonal obstacles, infrastructure (incl. WASH), scholarship distribution

Quality: students learning achievements, high drop out, low retention and survival rates, school management, ECD facilitators and teachers qualifications/employment conditions, uneven distribution of teachers, insufficient capacity of resource centres and supervisors, unclear role of School Management Committees, textbooks not received on time

Monitoring: data reliability, tracking systems, number of out-of-school children & drop outs

UNICEF Education Programme (1)

Expected Result :

Children will have increased equitable access to child-friendly learning opportunities that are inclusive, conflict & gender sensitive

Key work areas : 1) Early Childhood Development, 2) Basic Education, 3) Non-formal Education, 4) Peace Education & Education in Emergencies

UNICEF Education Programme (2)

UNICEF Finland’s Support to Education

• Duration: 2010-2013• Project budget: €750.000 (USD 1.000.000)• Project location:nation-wide (policy and

advocacy), 23 programme districts, including Sihara and Saptari (Child-Friendly Schools, Early Childhood Development, non-formal education), 7 conflict-affected areas (Schools as Zones of Peace)

• Project beneficiaries: Basic education aged children, especially girls and children from disadvantaged households

• Out-of-school children aged 6–14 years • ECD-aged children (3–5 years), especially

girls and children from poor households.•

Early Childhood Development

Progress to date •Good coverage increase. Gross Enrolment: 70% 31,089 centre-based ECD (1,018,543 children) Equal participation of boys and girlsObjective•Strengthen institutional capacity of service providers including, scaling- up of centre-based ECD focusing on disadvantaged villages Action •Policy-level support to government (advocacy, guidelines, frameworks, studies)•Direct support to 29 districts

• Trainings for DEO and ECD facilitators• Support to development of Guidelines• Support to community/parents to develop child-friendly

class rooms with play materials and provision of kits to centres in disadvantaged communities

• Support to Parenting Education

Basic EducationProgress to date: Increased attendance of

students and enrolment rate for girls, decreased drop out

Objective• Provide specific support to improve access and

completion rates, in particular in vulnerable districts

Action • Advocacy and policy development at National

level (UNGEI)• Direct support to 1200 target schools in 32

districts as Child-friendly Schools • Special support to Girls Education through

focusing on 7 districts with lowest girls’ enrolment (awareness raising e.g. radio programes, WSC, latrines, WFP partnership, Young Champions)

A Child-Friendly School:

Providing conditions that attract children to school, keep them there and provide them with a safe and protective environment where they can learn, play and get skills which help them to thrive through their lives.

A child-friendly school is a school which is:

1. Inclusive of children: guarantees opportunities

and meets the needs of all children (children with disabilities, girls, children of ethnic and religious minorities etc.)

2. Secure and protective: helps to defend

children from abuse and aggression;

teaches them their rights

3. Healthy: assures proper hygienic conditions

by providing adequate water and sanitation

facilities, promoting healthy behaviour and providing health services.

4. Effective with children: good teaching and learning processes; provides relevant content, materials and resources; support teachers’ training.

5. Sensitive to gender: advocate gender equality, guarantees girl-friendly facilities, environment and teaching.

6. Involved with communities: works to strengthen families; helps stakeholders establish collaborative relationships, involves parents in decision-making.

How does UNICEF make a school child-friendly?

Building and rehabilitating schools

Training teachers to provide children with quality basic education and skills for surviving and thriving in life

Creating schools that offer a safe and protective environment where children can learn and play and where girls and boys are treated equally

Ensuring that children are informed among others on day to day hygiene, health issues and HIV prevention in order to make healthy choices in their lives

How does UNICEF make a school child-friendly?

Ensuring that children have access to clean water and sanitation facilities, including separate latrines for girls and boys

Ensuring that children receive exercise books, pens, other school and sports materials as well proper school furniture

Giving a stimulating start in life to children under the age of 5. Children benefiting from early learning opportunities are more likely to stay in school and perform well

Non-formal Education

Progress to date • 8 019 out-of-school children of most disadvantaged communities participated in NFE in 2010(of which 45% reinserted to formal schools).Objective•Provide alternative learning opportunities to children out of schools, with a special focus on girls Action Direct support to 18 districts + 4 urban areas•Advocacy and policy development (support to revision of curricula at national level etc.)•Conduct mappings of out-of-school children•Organize Non-formal Education Programes e.g.“ Flexible Schooling Programe”, “Girls’ Access to Education”, “Urban Out-of-School Programe” to facilitate re-integration into formal schools , Child Clubs

Peace Education& Education in Emergencies

Progress to date • “Schools as zone of peace” mainstreamed by

the government Objectives• Promote peace & human rights education to

build solid basis for peace. • As Cluster lead agency ensure preparedness

and response to emergencies (earthquakes, floodings)

Action Direct support to 23 districts • Training of Education Cluster stakeholders in

preparedness/response activities to emergencies, pre- provisioning of supplies

• Enforcement of “Schools as Zone of Peace” through trainings and establishment of CoC

• Peace Education to be integrated into curricula grades 1 -8

Why Asia ?

29 million

26 million

67 million children in the world are not enrolled in school, the majority of which live in Africa

and in Asia.

Precentages of out of school children- 43 percent: sub-Saharan Africa- 27 percent in South and West Asia- 12 percent in East Asia and Pacific

SfAsia: 2012 – 2015

• Mission: Provide access to quality education to millions of children with a special focus on the most marginalized, including girls, children from disadvantaged ethnic groups and vulnerable children living in remote areas and in extreme poverty, through the Child-Friendly Schools approach.

• 11 Countries: Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Laos, Mongolia, Nepal, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Timor-Leste, and Vietnam.

• Fundraising target: $ 70 million.

11 SfAsia CountriesSelection based on programme

needs and on countries that would most benefit from the allocation of

private sector resources.

Thank you!

Kaikki esityksen valokuvat © UNICEF 2012