Quality Control of City Gas of City Gas at Regasification Terminal Shuji YAMAMOTO TOKYO GAS CO., LTD Field Operation and Planning Sect.
Quality Controlof City Gasof City Gas
at Regasification TerminalgShuji YAMAMOTOTOKYO GAS CO., LTDField Operation and Planning Sect.
C t tContents
1. Introduction2 G P d ti P2. Gas Production Process3 Quality Control of City Gas3. Quality Control of City Gas
C t tContents
1.Introduction1 1 Self-introduction1.1. Self introduction1.2. Brief introduction of Tokyo Gas1 3 O tli f 3 LNG T i l1.3. Outline of 3 LNG Terminals
2. Gas Production Process3. Quality Control of City Gas
1 1 S lf i t d ti1.1.Self-introduction
Shuji YAMAMOTO<at 3 LNG Regasification Terminals for 8 years >2003-2004(S) Maintenance of Instruments2005-2007(S) Renewal of Control system (DCS, F&G)2008(O) Construction of Regasification Plant2008(O) Construction of Regasification Plant2009~2010(N) Operation & Planning
(S):Sodegaura LNG terminal(S):Sodegaura LNG terminal(O):Ohgishima LNG terminal(N):Negishi LNG terminal
1 2 B if i t d ti f T k G1.2.Breif introduction of Tokyo Gas
<Business areas>(1) Regasification supply and sales of city(1) Regasification, supply and sales of city gas(2) Supply and sales of gas appliances(2) Supply and sales of gas appliances(3) Energy services(4) Supply of electricity(4) Supply of electricity
1 2 B if i t d ti f T k G1.2.Breif introduction of Tokyo Gas
<Profile>Established in 1885 (LNG, from 1969)Capitalization 142 billion yen (1.2 billons Euro)Number of employees 15,539Net sales 1 416 billions yen (12 billi E )Net sales 1,416 billions yen (12 billions Euro)Gas sales volume 14 billions m3
Total length of gas pipeline 57,839 kmg g p p ,Number of gas customers 10,637 thousands
1 3 O tli f 3 LNG T i l1.3.Outline of 3 LNG TerminalsHit hi LNG T i l (2015 )Hitachi LNG Terminal (2015~)
Headquarters
Ohgishima LNG TerminalSodegaura LNG Terminal
Negishi LNG Terminal
1 3 O tli f 3 LNG T i l1.3.Outline of 3 LNG TerminalsN i hiNegishi 1st LNG receiving terminal in Japan in 1969
Ohgishima the latest terminal in 3 terminals since 1998.
S dSodegaura one of the largest terminal in the world since 1973
Negishi Ohgishima Sodegaura
1 3 O tli f 3 LNG T i l1.3.Outline of 3 LNG Terminals
Negishi Ohgishima SodegauraNumber of jetties 1 1 3u be o jett es 3Number of tanks 13 3 20
Capacity of tank [Ml] 1155 600 1610Number of Vaporizers 14 10 33Capacity of vaporizers [t/h] 1315 970 3180Number of Employees 135 69 158Number of Vessels ann 78 41 206
Total LNG ann [kt] 3275 2446 4577
C t tContents
1. Introduction2 G P d ti P2. Gas Production Process3 Quality Control of City Gas3. Quality Control of City Gas
2 Gas Production Process2.Gas Production ProcessFlare stacks
Seawater
Power station use
Return gas blowers BOG compressors
LNG pumps
Odorization
LNG pumps
LNG aboveground tanks
Open RackVaporizers City gas useg
Unloading armsy g
LNG inground tanksSubmergedCombustionV i
Gas or Fuel
LPG pumpsLPG tanks
Vaporizers
C t tContents
1. Introduction2 Gas Production Process2. Gas Production Process3. Quality Control of City Gas3 1 P f T k Li3.1. Pressure of Trunk Line3.2. Calorific Value3.3. Odorant
3 Q lit C t l f Cit G3.Quality Control of City Gas
What’s the quality of city gas of Tokyo Gas?
1. Pressure of Trunk Line2 Calorific Value2. Calorific Value3. Odorant
3 1 P f T k Li3.1 Pressure of Trunk LineDemand fluctuationDemand fluctuation
(3 times difference in a day)Small absorberSmall absorber
(30 small gas holders)(no underground storage)(no underground storage)
3000k 3N/h
Demand Fluctuation
Negishi
Ohgishima
SodegauraTerminal
2000
km3N/h
3 timesGas Holder
6 12 18 240
1000
Time
3 1 P C t l3.1 Pressure <Control>Automatic Control
Start/Stop
Pressure ControlNumber of PumpspNumber of Vaporizers
Start/Stop
PTotal F
Start/Stop
Start/StopPressure Control
FV i
p
LNG Pumps
Vaporizers
Orifice flowmeter
3 2 C l ifi V l St d d3.2 Calorific Value <Standard>
Upper limit determined by combustion quality
(due to Gas Business Act)45.0 MJ/m3N
(due to General Supply Provisions)LPG Lower limit determined by combustion quality
(due to Gas Business Act)LPG
Naturalgas 40-45 MJ/m3N
3 2 C l ifi V l C t l3.2 Calorific Value <Control>
Calorific Value ControlFeed Forward ControlFeed Back Control
Feed back controlFeed forward control
Set value
LPG
Set value
= 45MJ/m3N
calcalNatural
gas
F
3 2 C l ifi V l I t t3.2 Calorific Value <Instrument>
Calorimeter for calorific value controlis required “Quick Response”.= Vibration type gas density analyzer
Calorimeter for guarantee of qualityis required “High Accuracy”.
G C= Gas Chromatography
3 2 C l ifi V l I3.2 Calorific Value <Issue>
Vibration type gas density analyzer<Principle>Principle
Proportional relationshipbetween density and calorie of Hydrocarbon
<Issue>Error caused by inert gasError caused by inert gas
(1 % of N2 = 0.65 MJ/m3N error)
<Nitrogen in Boil Off Gas><Nitrogen in Boil Off Gas>Flare stacks
Seawater
Power station use
Return gas blowers BOG compressors
LNG pumps
Odorization
LNG pumps
LNG aboveground tanks
Open RackVaporizers City gas useg
Unloading armsy g
LNG inground tanksSubmergedCombustionV i
Gas or Fuel
Vibration type
A lot of N2 included in BOG
LPG pumpsLPG tanks
Vaporizers Vibration type calorimeter
3 2 C l ifi V l A h3.2 Calorific Value <Approach>
The error caused by N2 can be removed by<Combination of two types of calorimeter>y
Vibration type gas density analyzer
Optical Interferometric calorimeter<Principle>P ti l l ti hiProportional relationshipbetween refractive index and calorie of hydrocarbon
3 2 C l ifi V l A h3.2 Calorific Value <Approach><Principle to remove the error><Principle to remove the error>
MJ/m3N
Vibration type density analyzer
150C4H10 MJ/m3N
Optical Interferometric calorimeter
150C4H10
100
rific
val
ue
C2H6C3H8
100
rific
val
ue
C2H6C3H8
0 5 1 5 20
50
Cal
or
C2H4CH4
N2500 1000 15000
50
Cal
or
C2H4CH4
N210.5 1.5 20
Specific density (air=1)500 1000 15000
Refractive index (n-1)*10E61
Nitrogen looks like to have…65 MJ/m3N in vibration type density analyzer26 MJ/m3N in optical interferomatic calorimeter
3 2 C l ifi V l A h3.2 Calorific Value <Approach>P i i l t th<Principle to remove the error>
2Nvibration kxQQ −= k : 0.65 MJ/m3N by 1% N2
32Nvibration
2Nrecractive xkQQ ′−=k’: 0.26 MJ/m3N by 1% N2
x : contents of N2 [%]
kQQ
QQ vibratonrefractiveti
−−=
kkQQ recractive
′−1
Manufactured by RIKEN KEIKI Co., LTD
3 3 Od t St d d3.3 Odorant <Standard>
OdorantTBM (Tertiary-Butyl Mercaptan )TBM (Tertiary Butyl Mercaptan )CH (CycloHexene)
Upper limit
Standard injection rateStandard injection rate
Lower limit (Gas Business Act)
3 3 Od t C t l3.3 Odorant <Control>Odorant Control
Pump Output Control According to the Natural Gas Flow Rate
(No Feed Back Control)( )
Measurement PointsMass Flow Rate of OdorantMass Flow Rate of OdorantTotal Sulfur in Odorized City Gas
FOdorant
F T-Sulfur
stroke & rpm control
FNatural
gas
Fanalyzer
Plunger pump
3 3 Od t I t t3.3 Odorant <Instruments>
<Measurement Points>Flowmeter of OdorantFlowmeter of Odorant is required to measure “Minute Mass Flow”.= Coriolis flowmeter
Total Sulfur in Odorized City Gasis required to measure total sulfuris required to measure total sulfur= Ultraviolet Fluorescence Method sulfur analyzer
Thank you for your kind attention !Thank you for your kind attention !
Please contact me if you have any questions.Shuji YAMAMOTO
tel : +81-45-751-1415E-mail : [email protected]