Quality Challenges Associated with Future Fuels. Rodney Fischer, Defense Logistics Agency Energy Chief of Quality Operations May 2012 . Defense Logistics Agency Energy. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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In support of DLA’s mission, provide the Department of Defense and other government agencies with comprehensive energy solutions in the most effective and efficient manner possible.
Hydrotreated Renewable Fuels – The feedstock is defined as esters or fatty acids, which have undergone deoxygenation and subsequent hydroprocessing/isomerization into hydrocarbon fuels. HR fuels that have been procured were derived from camelina, algal, waste (yellow grease) oils and tallows. HR fuels may be blended up to 50 percent with conventional hydrocarbon fuels and meet JP8/JP5/F76 specification.
• Mild caustic wash, if warranted, mild enough to not harm epoxy coating
• No detergents• After caustic minimum of two fresh water rinses validated
by pH comparison with the stock rinse water• Tank and associated pumps and lines must be blown
completely dry. Nitrogen is preferable but air is acceptable--if nitrogen used, no positive pressure need be remaining inside compartment, however nitrogen should not be purged with air after
• Offered tank requires inspection and acceptance by government inspector
Alcohol to Jet – As the words imply jet fuel is derived from alcohol. The alcohol has undergone a dehydration process followed by oligomerization into jet fuel range hydrocarbons and subsequently hydro-processed. The current contract is for 11,000 gallons; 10,000 gallons of the alcohol can come from any source and the remaining 1,000 gallons of alcohol had to come from the fermentation of biomass.
R&D quantity awarded FOB destination to Wright-Pat
• Biodiesel refers to vegetable oil or animal fat-based diesel fuels consisting of long-chain alkyl esters– Blend (B6 to B20) refers to biodiesel component to conventional diesel fuel– Biodiesel conforms to ASTM D6751– The middle distillate diesel component in accordance
with ASTM D975 – FAME is biodiesel that is made from various animal
fats and tallow• E85 is an abbreviation for an ethanol fuel blend of
up to 85 percent denatured ethanol fuel and gasoline– Procured against ASTM D5798
• Emerging problem influenced by BioD mandates• Max allowed in jet fuel is five ppm• Move to allow 100 ppm progressing slowly • Euro pipe entry points require FAME-free cert.
• Protects aviation fuel in pipe from trail-back• Introduced by transport conveyance not production
• Quality Surveillance procedures adjusted to include EI HM50 FAME last carried rules for vessels
• B20 vehicle filter plugging– Bio-diesel component contained animal fat– Source traced back to supplier– Installation is in the process of flushing B20 from the
system• Installation converted back to ULSD in-lieu-of
B20 until the bio-diesel component issues could be resolved
Lessons Learned• E85 performs poorly in stationary equipment/vehicles • E85 storage must be continually monitored for water• Gasoline containing greater >10 percent ethanol is not
recommended for use in marine environments• Bio-diesel has a very limited shelf (<four months?)• Bio-diesel is NOT recommended for use in essential and
emergency response vehicles• Bio-diesel is NOT recommended for marine use• Both E85 and bio-diesel require an increased level of
monitoring and housekeeping to ensure serviceability• FAME contamination in marine gas oil impacts vessel
operational readiness--current USCG limit < 1 percent• ISO DMA 8217 and future F76 spec specifies 0.1 percent max
Why Switch?• To increase the number of potential suppliers• Lower cost• Decrease time to receive / move to a location• Increase flexibility in coverage
Differences in the fuel?• JP8 is Jet A1 with specific additives• Freeze point (Jet A1: -47C, Jet A: -40C)• AO is optional in Jet A• JP8 procured to MIL-DTL-83133/Jet A to ASTM D1655
Example: Inland-East Jet A• Fiscal 2011 (11-R-0061): Awarded 54,180,000 U.S. gallons • Fiscal 2012 (12-R-0061):Requirements for 281,690,000 U.S.
gallons• And so it begins….
Where:• DFSP Charleston, S.C.– Charleston Air Force Base• Laughlin Air Force Base, Dyess AFB, Lackland Air Force Base• Ellsworth Air Force Base, Sheppard Air Force Base• McEntire Air National Guard, Travis Field, Shaw Air Force Base• DFSP Vancouver, Fairchild Air Force Base, Portland Air
• Evaluate and map the particle/water contamination level of aviation fuel throughout the Class IIIB supply chain– Primarily at the DFSP and military bases– Pipelines, delivery truck, storage tank, refueling vehicles, filter
• DLA Energy funds and manages the program• Participating members: DLA Energy, Air Force, Navy,
and Army• Testing will be performed at 10 high volume sites
in the continental U.S. including aircraft carriers using three approved testers• DFSP Tampa• DFSP San Pedro• Dover AFB• Barksdale AFB• Holloman AFB• Whiteman AFB
• Patuxent River NAS• Jacksonville NAS• Camp Pendleton MCB• Hunter AAF• Rucker AAF• Navy Aircraft Carriers