Quality and Quality and Acceptability Acceptability of High Selenium Beef of High Selenium Beef M.J. Marchello M.J. Marchello Animal & Range Sciences Animal & Range Sciences Department Department North Dakota State University North Dakota State University
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Quality and Acceptability of High Selenium Beef M.J. Marchello Animal & Range Sciences Department North Dakota State University.
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Quality and Quality and AcceptabilityAcceptabilityof High Selenium Beefof High Selenium Beef
M.J. MarchelloM.J. Marchello
Animal & Range Sciences Animal & Range Sciences DepartmentDepartment
North Dakota State UniversityNorth Dakota State University
CollaboratorsCollaborators
Dr. Joye M. BondDr. Joye M. Bond
Family and Consumer ScienceFamily and Consumer Science
Minnesota State University, MankatoMinnesota State University, Mankato
Dr. Daniel J. KlenowDr. Daniel J. Klenow
Sociology DepartmentSociology Department
North Dakota State UniversityNorth Dakota State University
IntroductionIntroduction
Selenium essential nutrient with Selenium essential nutrient with multiple health benefitsmultiple health benefits
Primary source – beefPrimary source – beef Selenium content in feed affects Selenium content in feed affects
amount in meat if an organic sourceamount in meat if an organic source Anti-carcinogenic propertiesAnti-carcinogenic properties Antioxidant propertiesAntioxidant properties Maintain a healthy immune systemMaintain a healthy immune system
ObjectivesObjectives
Awareness of selenium attributesAwareness of selenium attributes In-house sensory evaluationIn-house sensory evaluation Consumer sensory evaluationConsumer sensory evaluation
MaterialsMaterials
43 crossbred steers stratified by 43 crossbred steers stratified by weight, fed an isonitrogenous and weight, fed an isonitrogenous and isocaloric diet with selenium in the isocaloric diet with selenium in the feedfeed
MaterialsMaterials
Number Number of of
AnimalsAnimalsDietDiet
Amount of Amount of
Se in FeedSe in Feed
99 High Se wheatHigh Se wheat
65 65 g/kg of g/kg of body weightbody weight
1111 High Se hayHigh Se hay
1111 Sodium Sodium selenateselenate
1212 ControlControl 9.5 9.5 g/kg of g/kg of body weightbody weight
Participants given top loin steakParticipants given top loin steak Participants returned sensory Participants returned sensory
evaluation form after consuming evaluation form after consuming cooked steakcooked steak
In-House Sensory In-House Sensory EvaluationEvaluation 6 steaks selected from each treatment6 steaks selected from each treatment Thawed under refrigerationThawed under refrigeration
– 33C (37C (37F)F) Broiled in household electric ovenBroiled in household electric oven
– 7171C (160C (160F)F) 1.27 cm cubes presented to panelists1.27 cm cubes presented to panelists Evaluated using Hedonic scaleEvaluated using Hedonic scale
1.1. Dislike extremelyDislike extremely2.2. Dislike very muchDislike very muchUnacceptableUnacceptable3.3. Dislike moderatelyDislike moderately4.4. Dislike slightlyDislike slightly
5.5. Neither like nor dislikeNeither like nor dislike NeutralNeutral
6.6. Like slightlyLike slightly7.7. Like moderatelyLike moderately8.8. Like very muchLike very much AcceptableAcceptable9.9. Like extremelyLike extremely
Consumer AwarenessConsumer Awareness
Research indicates that selenium (a Research indicates that selenium (a mineral needed in very small amounts mineral needed in very small amounts in humans) intake may be related to the in humans) intake may be related to the incidence of heart disease and cancer, incidence of heart disease and cancer, probably through its antioxidant probably through its antioxidant functions.functions.
– 32.2% (107) were aware32.2% (107) were aware– 67.8% (225) were not aware67.8% (225) were not aware
Statement
Consumer AwarenessConsumer Awareness
Studies have shown that low Studies have shown that low selenium intake is associated with an selenium intake is associated with an increased risk of developing heart increased risk of developing heart disease.disease.
– 21.4% (71) were aware21.4% (71) were aware– 78.6% (261) were not aware78.6% (261) were not aware
Statement
Consumer AwarenessConsumer Awareness
Studies have shown that skin cancer Studies have shown that skin cancer patients given selenium supplements patients given selenium supplements had lower cancer and death rates from had lower cancer and death rates from lung, prostate, and colon cancer.lung, prostate, and colon cancer.
– 14.5% (48) were aware14.5% (48) were aware– 85.5% (284) were not aware85.5% (284) were not aware
Statement
Sensory Evaluation of Sensory Evaluation of Consumer Prepared SteaksConsumer Prepared Steaks