Qualitative Research Method

Qualitative Research Method

By: Dr. KunalGuided by: Dr. Abhay Mudey

Pedagogy On

DefinitionsResearch:-The word research is derived from the Middle French "recherche", which means "to go about seeking“.Qualitative Research: Development of concepts which help us to understand social phenomena in natural (rather than experimental) settings, giving due emphasis to the meanings, experiences and viewsof the participants. -

Pope & Mays BMJ 1995;311:42-45

Qualitative Research:- describe or answer questions about particular, localized occurrences or contexts and the perspectives of a participant group toward events, beliefs, or practices.

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN QUALITATIVE AND

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH.

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH• CENTER ON

PHENOMENOLOGY AND COMPREHENSION

• EXPLORATORY,INDUCTIVE AND DESCIRPTIVE

• NATURAL OBSERVATION WITHOUT CONTROL

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH• BASED IN PROBABILISTIC

INDUCTION OF LOGIC • COMFIRMATORY,

INFERENCIAL, DEDUCTIVE• CONTROLED AND

PENETRAITING MEDITION

CHARACTERISTICS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

Data sources are real-world situations

Data are descriptive

Emphasizes a holistic approach (processes and outcomes)

Data analysis is inductive

Describes the meaning of research findings from the perspective of the research participants

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH METHODS

When used along with quantitative methods, qualitative research can help us to interpret and better understand the complex reality of a given situation and the implications of quantitative data.

Types of Qualitative Research Methods:-1. Participant observation2. In-depth interviews3. Focus groups

Qualitative methods are typically more flexible – that is, they allow greater spontaneity and adaptation of the interaction between the researcher and the study participant.

For example, qualitative methods ask mostly “open-ended” questions that are not necessarily worded in exactly the same way with each participant.

With open-ended questions, participants are free to respond in their own words, and these responses tend to be more complex than simply “yes” or “no.”

SAMPLING IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

Purposive Sampling Quota Sampling Snowball Sampling

ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS

Advantages Greater data accuracy

than direct questioning, in natural settings people behave naturally,

Problems of refusal, not at home, false response, non-cooperation etc. are absent,

No recall error, In some situations, only

way Number of

customers visiting a store

Studying children’s behavior

Limitations Time

consuming, -- too many things to observe,

may not be representative,

difficulty in determining root cause of the behavior.

BASIC STEPS IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Write a tentative research proposal

Intensive participation in a field setting Collect detailed data from field activities Synthesize and interpret the meanings of the

field data Write the research report

ISSUES IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

Gaining Entry Contacting Potential Research Participants Selecting Participants Enhancing Validity And Reducing Bias Leaving The Field

Research Design

COMMON QUALITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN

SUMMARY Qualitative research has to be with investigations about people lives,

lived experiences, behaviors, emotions, and feelings. Is any research conducted using an observational technique or

unstructured questioning.

It should not be viewed as conclusive research. Qualitative and quantitative research are complementary to each other.

They are viewed as a “Soft-approach.” Conducted: when structured research is not possible, when true response may not be available [embarrassing

“touchy questions”] to explain quantitative research results.

Qualitative = More Flexible Quantitative= Fairly Flexible

SEASONAL CALENDER OF GANESHPUR

FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION AT ANJI

References Clinical Epidemiology: The Essentials- Robert H. Fletcher &

Suzanne W. Fletcher Quality Research Methedology- Dr. Hora Tijitra, Zheiang

University Applied Epidemiology Practice- Ross C. Brownson & Diana B.

Petitti Text Book of Preventive Social Medicine:AFMC Basic Epidemiology- R. Bonita, R. Beaglehole & T. Kjellstorm Fundamentals of Research Methedology & Statistics- Mr. Y.K.

Singh Research Methedology: Mehods & Techniques C.R. Kothari

Acknoldgement Dr. Abhay Mudey Dr. P.V Bahulekar Dr. Chetana Maliye P. G’s from MGIMS Dr. Nitin Kapse- JR-2, IGMC Nagpur

Thank You