QTP Topics and Questions

8/8/2019 QTP Topics and Questions

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www.ramupalanki.comWhat are the Run modes in QTP ?

There are 2 run modes in QTP

* Normal : It shows the execution of your QTP script step by step. This works

good in case of debugging your script.

* Fast Run : It will not show the execution line by line.

What are the Debugging modes used in QTP ?

Different Debugging modes used in QTP are

* Step Into : To run only the current line of the active test or component.

* Step Out : Runs to the end of the called action or user-defined

function, then returns to the calling action and pauses the run session.

* Step Over : to run only the current step in the active test or component.

When the current step calls another action or a user-defined function,the

called action or function is executed entirety, but the called action script is

not displayed in the QuickTest window.

What are the draw backs of QTP ?

Disadvantages are



* QTP takes very long to open huge tests. Also CPU utilization becomes 100%

in that case.

* QTP scripts are heavy as it stores all the html files (for active screen) aswell.

* Block commenting is not provided till 8.2 version.

What are the extension of file..........

* Per test object repository : filename.mtr (Mercury Test Repository)

* Shared Oject repository : filename.tsr (Test Shared Repository)

* User Defined Libary File : filename .vbs

* Test Batch Runner File : filename .mtb

* QTP Recovery Scenarion File : filename .qrs

http://www.chetanasforum.com/index.php?showtopic=8312





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What are two types of automation in QTP ?

There are 2 types of automation

* Recording or generating the script and playing back using Repository

* Another one is Descriptive method.

Can we do more than capture / payback in QTP ?

Yes we can do. That is scripting we can write script which is more effective

What is Descriptive programming ?

With out mentioning the description in Object repository, we can directly mention

the description in Test script is known as descriptive programming

What is Object repository ?

Object repository in qtp is like a storage place where it stores the properties of all

the objects when we reocrd the script and later when we execute the script QTP



checks that the objects in the application match the objects in the object repository

and executes it, if both the objects matches the test will pass, if it cannot identify

the object or there is a mismatch the script will fail.

Object repository is same as GUI map in winrunner where we have to make the tool

capture the properties of object where as in QTP object repository automatically

does that for us.

What are types of Object repository (OR)?

OR are of two types

* Per-action

* Shared




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Tell about Per-action repository modes

In this, for each action a seperate object repository file is created. So object1

in Action1 is different from the same object1 in Action2

This mode is most useful, when the object does not change frequently and a few

actions are associated with the test. If the object changes in the application, then we

need to change each of the object repositor.

Tell about Shared object repository modes

In this, common object repository file can be used for muliple actions and multile

tests. So Object1 is action1 is same for Action2, because all the objects are saved

at one place. Here if the object changes, then we need to update a single object

repository file.

What are the Advantage & Disadvantge Per-action repository ?

Advantage

* As you record operations on objects in your application, QuickTest

automatically stores the information about those objects in the

appropriate action object repository.



* When you save your test, all of the action object repositories are

automatically saved with the test as part of each action within the test. The

action object repository is not accessible as a separate file (as is the shared

object repository).

Disadvantages

* Modifying the test object properties, values, or names in one object

repository does not affect the information stored for the same test

object in another object repository or in other tests - Time Consuming

* If you add objects to one of the split actions, the new objects are added only to

the




www.ramupalanki.comcorresponding action object repository.

What are the Advantage & Disadvantge Shared object repository ?

Advantage

* Only one instance of the object in the repository so reduce the repetitions

* one time change to the object properties would bring change in every script

using the object

Disadvantge

* Complexity increase as objects of all the action are in the same repository

What is Check points ?

A checkpoint verifies that expected information is displayed in an Application while the

test is running. Checkpoints are used to compare actual and expected results.

How many Check points are there in QTP ?



They are 4 types of checkpoints

* GUI Check point

* Bitmap Checkpoint

* Database Checkpoint

* Test Checkpoint

What is the use of Check points ?

The Check points is useful to get the point in time from where to begin the

recovery in case of failure.






www.ramupalanki.comCan we change the name of the Check points ?

No, QTP is do not allow to change the name of Check point, because these class

names are internally built. But in version 9 (just released) it is possible to

cahange not in previous versions

What is Transaction ?

A Transaction is a logical unit of work that comprises one or more SQL statements

executed by a single user. or It is a group of statements between two commits

What is use of Step Generator ?

Step Generator is used to insert a statement(function ro method) of a

particular object which is available in the Object Repository

What is Source Control ?

The practice of tracking changes made to code is called Source

Control. Familiar Source control Tools are CVS, VSS, ClearCase etc

What is Batch testing ?



Group of tests executing sequentially one by one is called Batch Testing. Every test

Batch consists of mutiple dependent test cases. In those batches every end state

is base state to next case. Test batch is also known as Test suit or Test belt.

Generally Test engineers are executing test programs as a batches because

"End state of one test is base state to another test".

The result of one Script failure or pass , fails or passes the whole batch test.

What will you when Object is not indentifed by the Obect Repository ?




www.ramupalanki.comUse Smart identifcation.

What is Smart identifcation ?

Smart Identification is used by QTP, whenever it is unable to identify any object

during run time. While identifying an object, QTP tries to match the mandatory

properties first, if it couldn't find the object, then it adds assistive properties one by

one to identify the object correctly. This operation is done by smart identifier and it

is displayed in the results section along with one warning message. It's generally

used to identify Web elements only.

What is Envoirement variable ?

Envoirement variable is variable which is global through the testing.

What is the typesof Envoirement variable ?

There are 3 types of environmental variables

* User-Defined Internal

* User-Defined External

* Built-In



What are Exception in QTP ?

The four exceptions are

* Pop exception

* Object state

* Test run error

* Application crash

Can We use Test Director with QTP ?

Yes. We cant use Test Director 7.2 with QTP 8.2. Because QTP 8.2 supports QC




www.ramupalanki.com(Quality Center)

We can use QTP 8.2 with Test director 8.0.

What are Action ?

There are 3 types of Actions available in QTP.

* Non-reusable

* Reusable

* External Actions

What is Framework ?

A framework is nothing but a folder structure . It contains all the components

that are using in Automation Architecture. Here components means Object

Repository, Library,Logs, Test Data, Script, Result etc

What is Compiled modules ?

In qtp the compiled modules are called library files .



What is Automation Framework ?

Automation frame work is nothing but a set of rules defined for developping

and organising the test scripts or

It is a process to develop the automation scripts and reduce maintenance. This

framework completely depends on the application, types of testing and tools that

you are using. Its hard to provide generalised framework for all applications:

In how many ways we can Parameterize our test ?

we can parameterize our tests in 4 ways.

* Test or component parameter

* Data Table parameter




www.ramupalanki.com* Environmental variable parameter

* Random number parameter

What are tyes of Table ?

Types of tables are

* run time data table

* design time data table

1. The toolbar enables you to view the details of an individual action or the

entire test flow is

1. Testing toolbar

2. None of the above

3. Action toolbar

4. Test Pane

ANSWERE: 3



2. The key that is used to Start/End analog recording mode ?

1. F3

2. SHIFT+ALT+F3

3. CTRL+SHIFT+F3

4. F10

ANSWERE: 2

3.QuickTest supports virtual object for anolog or low-level recording.

1. False

2. True




www.ramupalanki.comANSWERE: 1

4. To use a specific property to identify your object, but that property is not listed

in the properties list. Then how do you identify that object?

1. Add the specific property to the list

2. Use the Default property

3. Use some other property to identify your object

ANSWERE: 1

5. The checkpoint used to check the alt attribute exists for all relevant objects

(such as images) is

1. DataBase CheckPoint

2. Accessibility checkpoint

3. Bitmap checkpoint

4. Standard checkpoint

ANSWERE: 2



6. Bitmap checkpoint is supported in VB environment.

1. True

2. False

ANSWERE: 1

7.Can we parameterize the checkpoints properties?

1. No

2. Yes





8. What is the shortcut key that is used for a Standard Checkpoint?

1. F12

2. F2

3. F10

4. F7

ANSWERE: 1

9.Can we change name of checkpoint?

1. No

2. Yes

ANSWERE: 1



10. To compares the values of the specified property during a run session with

the values stored for the same test object property within the test.

1. Checkpoint

2. All the above

3. Output Value

4. Compare the object property

ANSWERE: 1

11. You will use the recording mode for an object not recognized by QuickTest.

1. Low-Level Recording Mode

2. Normal recording Mode

3. Analog Mode




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ANSWERE: 1

12. The statement that calls the recorded analog file is

1. RunAnalog

2. CallAnalog

3. ExecuteAnalog

ANSWERE: 1

13. An action can be called by other tests or actions is

1. Call Action

2. Split Action

3. Reusable Action

ANSWERE: 3



14. You can replace the page in your Active Screen tab

1. False

2. True

ANSWERE: 2

15. QuickTest adds a checkpoint statement in the Expert View as

1. Check Checkpoint

2. Checkpoint

ANSWERE: 1




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16.A Checkpoint checks that a text string is displayed within a defined area in

a Windows application is

1. Accessibility

2. Text Area

3. Standard

4. Text

ANSWERE: 2

17. In ActiveX environment an â€œAccessibility checkpointâ€ is supported.

1. No

2. Yes

ANSWERE: 1

18. Can we get the execution time for an action in a Test.





1. Yes

2. No

ANSWERE: 1

19. Can we add external library files in QTP?

1. No

2. Yes

ANSWERE: 2

20. The method used to get data from HTML Table is




www.ramupalanki.com1. GetData(Row,Col)

2. GetRowValue(Rowid,Colname)

3. GetCellData (Row,Col)

ANSWERE: 3

21.The Command used to insert the transactions in test is,

1. StartTransaction(â€œNameâ€), EndTransaction(â€œNameâ€)

2. Services.StartTransaction "Name", Services.EndTransaction "Name"

3. StartTransaction.services "Nameâ€, EndTransaction.services "Nameâ€

ANSWERE: 2

22. A step in which one or more values are captured at a specific point in your

test and stored for the duration of the run session is

1. Output Value

2. Checkpoints



3. Active Screen

ANSWERE: 1

23. QuickTest can detects an application crash and activate a defined

recovery scenario to continue the run session.

1. True

2. false

ANSWERE: 1

24. In Batch Test process, the test list are saved in file format as,




www.ramupalanki.com1. *.mtb

2. *.mts

3. *.mbt

4. *.mtr

ANSWERE: 1

25.The command used to invoke other application from QTP,

1. InvokeApplication

2. SystemUtil.Run

3. Run

4. Both b & c

5. Both a & b

ANSWERE: 5

26.The command used to retrieve data from excel sheet is



1. Set ab = Connection("srcfilepath ") , Set ws = ab.getdata(sheetid)

2. Set ab = CreateObject("srcfilepath ") , Set ws =ab.getsheet(sheetid)

3. Set ab = GetObject("srcfilepath") , Set ws = ab.worksheets(sheetid)

ANSWERE: 2

27. The method that explicitly activates the recovery scenario mechanism is,

1. recovery.activate

2. enable

3. recovery.enable

4. activate

ANSWERE: 1




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28. The method used for sending information to the test results.

1. Reporter.log()

2. Reporter.reportevent()

3. Reporter.msgbox()

4. Reporter.report()

ANSWERE: 2

29.To terminate an application that is not responding we use,

1. SystemUtil.terminate

2. SystemUtil.Stop

3. SystemUtil.CloseProcessByName

ANSWERE: 3



30.The recovery mechanism does not handle triggers that occur in the last step of

a test

1. false

2. True

ANSWERE: 2

31. We can add Test object methods, function calls into the Test using

1. Function generator

2. Step generator

3. Object repository

ANSWERE: 1




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32. The method that adds to the test while implementing Synchronization is

1. Synchronize

2. Wait

3. WaitProperty

4. Pause

ANSWERE: 3

33. The mechanism used to identify objects during run session is

1. Recovery scenario

2. Smart identification

3. Handling object

ANSWERE: 2



34.Post-recovery test run options specifies

1. how to continue the run session after QTP identify the event

2. errors while running

3. recovery scenario during a run session

ANSWERE: 1

35. The action that can be called multiple times by the test as well as by other

tests is called

1. non-reusable action

2. Reusable action

3. External action



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36. The command used to connect with Database is

1. Createobject(â€œconnectivity nameâ€)

2. dbconnect(â€œconnectivity nameâ€)

3. open(â€œconnectivity nameâ€)

4. None of the above

ANSWERE: 1

37. The method used to retrieve the folders is

1. FileSystemObject.Getfolder()

2. FileSystemObject.selectfolder()

3. FileSystemObject.retrievefolder()



ANSWERE: 1

38. The method used to compare 2 XML files is:

1. XMLfile1.compare(XMLfile2)

2. XMLcompare(file1,file2)

3. compare(XMLfile1,XMLfile2)

ANSWERE: 3

39. The QTP script files are stored in the extension of

1. *.mts

2. *.usr

3. *.mtr

4. *.vbs




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ANSWERE: 1

40. The method used to register the user-defined function with test object is

1. setFunc()

2. RegisterUserFunc()

3. RegisterFunc()

ANSWERE: 2

41. The method used to open the specified URL in a browser is

1. openURL()

2. navigateURL()

3. navigate()

ANSWERE: 3



42. The 3 Parameter types available in data driver is

1. DataTable,Environment,Random number

2. DataTable,random number,unique

3. environment,string,numeric

ANSWERE: 1

43. The method added to the test while parameterizing is

1. get Data (variable, dtGlobalSheet)

2. get DataTable(variable, dtGlobalSheet)

3. Set Data(variable, dtGlobalSheet)

4. Set DataTable(variable, dtGlobalSheet)




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ANSWERE: 4

44. The length of the array can be get by the method

1. length(array)

2. ubound(array)

3. count(array)

ANSWERE: 2

45. The method used to get the count value of list box or combo box os

1. GetItemsCount

2. GetCount

3. GetItemCount

ANSWERE: 1



46. To retrieve the current property value of the objects in your application

during the run session.

1. GetVisibleText

2. GetROProperty

3. SetROProperty

4. GetTOProperty

ANSWERE: 2

47. In data base check point we can not set the expected value from the test?

1. True

2. False




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ANSWERE: 2

48. The list of test objects and their properties and values are stored in the

1. Object Repository

2. Object Identification

ANSWERE: 1

49. The method used to continue the test execution after getting run-time error is

1. On Error Resume Next

2. On Error Raise Next

3. On Error Next

ANSWERE: 1



Full form of QTP ?

Quick Test Professional

What's the QTP ?

QTP is Mercury Interactive Functional Testing Tool.

Which scripting language used by QTP ?

QTP uses VB scripting.

What's the basic concept of QTP ?

QTP is based on two concept-






www.ramupalanki.com* Recording

* Playback

How many types of recording facility are available in QTP ?

QTP provides three types of recording methods-

* Context Recording (Normal)

* Analog Recording

* Low Level Recording

How many types of Parameters are available in QTP ?

QTP provides three types of Parameter-

* Method Argument

* Data Driven

* Dynamic

What's the QTP testing process ?



QTP testing process consist of seven steps-

* Preparing to recoding

* Recording

* Enhancing your script

* Debugging

* Run

* Analyze

* Report Defects

What's the Active Screen ?

It provides the snapshots of your application as it appeared when you performed

a certain steps during recording session.




www.ramupalanki.comWhat's the Test Pane ?

Test Pane contains Tree View and Expert View tabs.

What's Data Table ?

It assists to you about parameterizing the test.

What's the Test Tree ?

It provides graphical representation of your operations which you have

performed with your application.

Which all environment QTP supports ?

ERP/ CRM

Java/ J2EE

VB, .NET

Multimedi a , XML






Web Objects, ActiveX control s

SAP, Oracle, Siebel, PeopleSoft

Web Services, Terminal Emulator

IE, NN, AOL

How can you view the Test Tree ?

The Test Tree is displayed through Tree View tab.

What's the Expert View ?

Expert View display the Test Script.

Which keyword used for Nornam Recording ?







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F3

Which keyword used for run the test script ?

F5

Which keyword used for stop the recording ?

F4

Which keyword used for Analog Recording ?

Ctrl+Shift+F4

Which keyword used for Low Level Recording ?

Ctrl+Shift+F3



Which keyword used for switch between Tree View and Expert View ?

Ctrl+Tab

What's the Transaction ?

You can measure how long it takes to run a section of your test by

defining transactions.

Where you can view the results of the checkpoint ?

You can view the results of the checkpoints in the Test Result Window.

What's the Standard Checkpoint ?




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Standard Checkpoints checks the property value of an object in your application

or web page.

Which environment are supported by Standard Checkpoint ?

Standard Checkpoint are supported for all add-in environments.

What's the Image Checkpoint ?

Image Checkpoint check the value of an image in your application or web page.

Which environments are supported by Image Checkpoint ?

Image Checkpoint are supported only Web environment.

What's the Bitmap Checkpoint ?

Bitmap Checkpoint checks the bitmap images in your web page or application.





Which enviornment are supported by Bitmap Checkpoints ?

Bitmap checkpoints are supported all add-in environment.

What's the Table Checkpoints ?

Table Checkpoint checks the information with in a table.

Which environments are supported by Table Checkpoint ?

Table Checkpoints are supported only ActiveX environment.

What's the Text Checkpoint ?




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Text Checkpoint checks that a test string is displayed in the appropriate place in

your application or on web page.

Which environment are supported by Test Checkpoint ?

Text Checkpoint are supported all add-in environments

Note:

* QTP records each steps you perform and generates a test tree and testscript.

* QTP records in normal recording mode.

* If you are creating a test on web object, you can record your test on one

browser and run it on another browser.

* Analog Recording and Low Level Recording require more disk sapce than

normal recording mode.

Explain the keyword createobject with an example.





Creates and returns a reference to an Automation object

syntax: CreateObject(servername.typename [,

location]) Arguments

servername:Required. The name of the application providing the

object. typename : Required. The type or class of the object to create.

location : Optional. The name of the network server where the object is to be

created.

How to Merge Object repositories ?

With QTP 8.2 ,there is QTP Plus setup.It provides Repositories Merge Utility.The




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Object Repository Merge Utility enables user to merge Object repository files into

a single Object repository file.

What are the different scripting languages you could use when working

with QTP ?

Visual Basic (VB), XML, JavaScript, Java, HTML

Can you do more than just capture and playback ?

I have done Dynamically capturing the objects during runtime in which no

recording, no playback and no use of repository is done AT ALL. -It was done by the

windows scripting using the DOM(Document Object Model) of the windows.

How many types of Actions are there in QTP ?

There are three kinds of actions: (1)non-reusable actionâ€”an action that can be

called only in the test with which it is stored, and can be called only once.

(2)reusable actionâ€”an action that can be called multiple times by the test with

which it is stored (the local test) as well as by other tests. (3)external actionâ€”a

reusable action stored with another test. External actions are read-only in the

calling test, but you can choose to use a local, editable copy of the Data Table

information for the external action





How can we write scripts without having GUI(means u dont have any

GUI and u want to write a script in QTP) ?

By descriptive programming

How to verify the Cursor focus of a certain field ?

Use "focus" property of "GetRoProperty" method"






www.ramupalanki.comAny limitation to XML Checkpoints ?

Mercury has determined that 1.4MB is the maximum size of a XML file that QTP

6.5 can handle

How to make arguments optional in a function ?

This is not possible as default VBS doesn't support this. Instead you can pass a

blank scring and have a default value if arguments r not required.

How to covert a String to an integer ?

CInt()---> a conversion function available.

Inserting a Call to Action is not Importing all columns in Datatable

of globalsheet. Why ?

Inserting a call to action will only Import the columns of the Action called

Types of properties that Quick Test learns while recording ?



1. Mandatory

2. Assistive .

In addition to recording the mandatory and assistive properties specified in the Object

Identification dialog box , QuickTest can also record a backup ordinal identifier for each

test object. The ordinal identifier assigns the object a numerical value that indicates its

order relative to other objects with an otherwise identical description (objects that have

the same values for all properties specified in the mandatory and assistive property

lists). This ordered value enables QuickTest to create a unique description when the

mandatory and assistive properties are not sufficient to do so.

What is the extension of script and object repository files ?






www.ramupalanki.comObject Repository : .tsr , Script : .mts, Excel : Default.xls

How to supress warnings from the Test results page ?

From the Test results Viewer "Tools > Filters > Warnings"...must be "Unchecked".

When we try to use test run option "Run from Step", the browser is

not launching automatically why ?

This is default behaviour.

Does QTP is "Unicode" compatible ?

Ans : QTP 6.5 is not but QTP 8.0 is expected to be Unicode compatabile by end of

December 2004.

How to "Turn Off" QTP results after running a Script ?

Goto "Tools > Options > Run Tab" and Deselect "View results when run session

ends". But this supresses only the result window, but a og will be created and

can viewed manulaly which cannot be restricted from getting created.



Can we Script any test case with out having Object repository ? or

Using Object Repository is a must ?

No. U can script with out Object repository by knowing the Window Handlers,

spying and recognizing the objects logical names and properties available.

How to execute a WinRunner Script in QTP ?

1. TSLTest.RunTest TestPath, TestSet [, Parameters ] --> Used in QTP 6.0 usedfor backward compatibility

Parameters : The test set within Quality Center, in which test runs are stored. Note

that this argument is relevant only when working with a test in a Quality Center






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project. When the test is not saved in Quality Center, this parameter is

ignored. e.g : TSLTest.RunTest "D:\test1", ""

2. TSLTest.RunTestEx TestPath, RunMinimized, CloseApp [, Parameters ]

TSLTest.RunTestEx "C:\WinRunner\Tests\basic_flight", TRUE, FALSE, "MyValue"

CloseApp : Indicates whether to close the WinRunner application when the

WinRunner test run ends. Parameters : Up to 15 WinRunner function argument

How to handle Run-time errors ?

On Error Resume Next : causes execution to continue with the statement

immediately following the statement that caused the run-time error, or with the

statement immediately following the most recent call out of the procedure

containing the On Error Resume Next statement. This allows execution to continue

despite a run-time error. You can then build the error-handling routine inline within

the procedure.

Using "Err" object msgbox "Error no: " & " " & Err.Number & " " & Err.description &

" " & Err.Source & Err.HelpContext

How to change the run-time value of a property for an object ?

SetTOProperty changes the property values used to identify an object during the

test run. Only properties that are included in the test object description can be set







How to retrieve the property of an object ?

using "GetRoProperty".

How to open any application during Scripting ?

SystemUtil , object used to open and close applications and processes during a run

session.

A SystemUtil.Run statement is automatically added to your test when you run an




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application from the Start menu or the Run dialog box while recording a

test E.g : SystemUtil.Run "Notepad.exe"

SystemUtil.CloseDescendentProcesses ( Closes all the processes opened by QTP )

what does it mean when a check point is in red color ? what do u do ?

A red color indicates failure. Here we analyze the the cause for failure whether it is a

Script Issue or Envronment Issue or a Application issue.

what do you call the window testdirector-testlab ?

"Execution Grid". It is place from where we Run all Manual / Automated Scripts

How do u create new test sets in TD ?

Login to TD.

Click on "Test Lab" tab.

Select the Desired folder under which we need to Create the Test Set. ( Test Sets

can be grouped as per module.)





Click on "New Test Set or Ctrl+N" Icon to create a Test Set.

How do u do batch testing in WR & is it possible to do in QTP, if so explain ?

You can use Test Batch Runner to run several tests in succession. The results for

each test are stored in their default location.Using Test Batch Runner, you can set

up a list of tests and save the list as an .mtb file, so that you can easily run the

same batch of tests again, at another time. You can also choose to include or

exclude a test in your batch list from running during a batch run

what does it mean when a check point is in red color ? what do u do ?

A red color indicates failure. Here we analyze the the cause for failure whether it is a

Script Issue or Envronment Issue or a Application issue.




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If an application name is changes frequently i.e while recording it has

name "Window1" and then while running its "Windows2" in this case howdoes QTP handles ?

QTP handles those situations using "Regular Expressions".

What is Parameterizing Tests ?

When you test your application, you may want to check how it performs the same

operations with multiple sets of data. For example, suppose you want to check how your

application responds to ten separate sets of data. You could record ten separate tests,

each with its own set of data. Alternatively, you can create a parameterized test that

runs ten times: each time the test runs, it uses a different set of data.

What is Object Spy in QTP ?

Using the Object Spy, you can view the properties of any object in an open

application. You use the Object Spy pointer to point to an object. The Object

Spy displays the selected object's hierarchy tree and its properties and values inthe Properties tab of the Object Spy dialog box .

What is the Diff between Image check-point and Bit map Check point ?





Image checkpoints enable you to check the properties of a Web image. You can check an

area of a Web page or application as a bitmap. While creating a test or component, you

specify the area you want to check by selecting an object. You can check an entire

object or any area within an object. QuickTest captures the specified object as a bitmap,

and inserts a checkpoint in the test or component. You can also choose to save only the

selected area of the object with your test or component in order to save disk Space For

example, suppose you have a Web site that can display a map of a city the user

specifies. The map has control keys for zooming. You can record the new map that is

displayed after one click on the control key that zooms in




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the map. Using the bitmap checkpoint, you can check that the map zooms

in correctly.

You can create bitmap checkpoints for all supported testing environments (as longas the appropriate add-ins are loaded).

Note: The results of bitmap checkpoints may be affected by factors such as

operating system , screen resolution, and color settings.

How many ways we can parameterize data in QTP ?

There are four types of parameters:

1. Test, action or component parameters enable you to use values passed from

your test or component, or values from other actions in your test.

2. Data Table parameters enable you to create a data-driven test (or action)that runs several times using the data you supply. In each repetition, or

iteration, QuickTest uses a different value from the Data Table.

3. Environment variable parameters enable you to use variable values from

other sources during the run session. These may be values you supply, or

values that QuickTest generates for you based on conditions and options

you choose.

4. Random number parameters enable you to insert random numbers as

values in your test or component. For example, to check how your

application handles small and large ticket orders, you can have QuickTest

generate a random number and insert it in a number of tickets edit field.









How do u do batch testing in WR & is it possible to do in QTP, if so explain ?

Batch Testing in WR is nothing but running the whole test set by selecting "Run

Testset" from the "Execution Grid".The same is possible with QTP also. If our

test cases are automated then by selecting "Run Testset" all the test scripts can

be executed. In this process the Scripts get executed one by one by keeping all

the remaining scripts in "Waiting" mode.

If i give some thousand tests to execute in 2 days what do u do ?




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Adhoc testing is done. It Covers the least basic functionalities to verify that

the system is working fine.

Explain QTP Testing process ?

The QuickTest testing process consists :

1. Create your test plan

Prior to automating there should be a detailed description of the test including the

exact steps to follow, data to be input, and all items to be verified by the test.

The verification information should include both data validations and existence or

state verifications of objects in the application.

2. Recording a session on your application

As you navigate through your application, QuickTest graphically displays each step

you perform in the form of a collapsible icon-based test tree. A step is any user

action that causes or makes a change in your site, such as clicking a link or image,

or entering data in a form.

3. Enhancing your test

Inserting checkpoints into your test lets you search for a specific value of a

page, object or text string, which helps you identify whether or not your







application is functioning correctly.

NOTE: Checkpoints can be added to a test as you record it or after the fact via

the Active Screen. It is much easier and faster to add the checkpoints during the

recording process.

o Broadening the scope of your test by replacing fixed values with parameters lets

you check how your application performs the same operations with multiple sets

of data.

o Adding logic and conditional statements to your test enables you to add

sophisticated checks to your test.

4. Debugging your test




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If changes were made to the script, you need to debug it to check that it

operates smoothly and without interruption.

5. Running your test on a new version of your application

You run a test to check the behavior of your application. While running,

QuickTest connects to your application and performs each step in your test.

6. Analyzing the test results

You examine the test results to pinpoint defects in your application.

7. Reporting defects

As you encounter failures in the application when analyzing test results, you

will create defect reports in Defect Reporting Tool.

How QTP recognizes Objects in AUT ?

QuickTest stores the definitions for application objects in a file called the Object

Repository. As you record your test, QuickTest will add an entry for each item you

interact with. Each Object Repository entry will be identified by a logical name

(determined automatically by QuickTest), and will contain a set of properties (type,

name, etc) that uniquely identify each object. Each line in the QuickTest script will

contain a reference to the object that you interacted with, a call to the appropriate

method (set, click, check) and any parameters for that method (such as the value



for a call to the set method). The references to objects in the script will all be

identified by the logical name, rather than any physical, descriptive properties.

What are the types of Object Repositorys in QTP ?

QuickTest has two types of object repositories for storing object information: shared

object repositories and action object repositories. You can choose which type of object

repository you want to use as the default type for new tests, and you can change the

default as necessary for each new test. The object repository per-action mode is the

default setting. In this mode, QuickTest automatically creates an object




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repository file for each action in your test so that you can create and run tests

without creating, choosing, or modifying object repository files. However, if you do

modify values in an action object repository, your changes do not have any effect

on other actions. Therefore, if the same test object exists in more than one actionand you modify an object's property values in one action, you may need to make

the same change in every action (and any test) containing the object.

Explain the check points in QTP ?

A checkpoint verifies that expected information is displayed in a Application while

the test is running. You can add eight types of checkpoints to your test for standard

web objects using QTP.

â€¢ A page checkpoint checks the characteristics of a Application

â€¢ A text checkpoint checks that a text string is displayed in the appropriate

place on a Application.

â€¢ An object checkpoint (Standard) checks the values of an object on a Application.

â€¢ An image checkpoint checks the values of an image on a Application. â€

¢ A table checkpoint checks information within a table on a Application

â€¢ An Accessiblity checkpoint checks the web page for Section 508

compliance. â€¢ An XML checkpoint checks the contents of individual XML data

files or XML documents that are part of your Web application .

â€¢ A database checkpoint checks the contents of databases accessed by your web







site

In how many ways we can add check points to an application using QTP ?

We can add checkpoints while recording the application or we can add after

recording is completed using Active screen (Note : To perform the second one The

Active screen must be enabled while recording).

How does QTP identifes the object in the application ?




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QTP identifies the object in the application by LogicalName and

Class. For example :

The Edit box is identified by

Logical Name : PSOPTIONS_BSE_TIME20

Class: WebEdit

How Does Run time data (Parameterization) is handled in QTP ?

You can then enter test data into the Data Table, an integrated spreadsheet with

the full functionality of Excel, to manipulate data sets and create multiple test

iterations, without programming, to expand test case coverage. Data can be typed

in or imported from databases, spreadsheets, or text files.

What is keyword view and Expert view in QTP ?

QuickTestâ€™s Keyword Driven approach, test automation experts have full access

to the underlying test and object properties, via an integrated scripting and

debugging environment that is round-trip synchronized with the Keyword View.

Advanced testers can view and edit their tests in the Expert View, which reveals

the underlying industry-standard VBScript that QuickTest Professional

automatically generates. Any changes made in the Expert View are automatically

synchronized with the Keyword View.

Explain about the Test Fusion Report of QTP ?



Once a tester has run a test, a TestFusion report displays all aspects of the test

run: a high-level results overview, an expandable Tree View of the test specifying

exactly where application failures occurred, the test data used, application screen

shots for every step that highlight any discrepancies, and detailed explanations of

each checkpoint pass and failure. By combining TestFusion reports with QuickTest

Professional, you can share reports across an entire QA and development team.

To which environments does QTP supports ?




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QuickTest Professional supports functional testing of all enterprise environments,

including Windows, Web, ..NET, Java /J2EE, SAP, Siebel, Oracle, PeopleSoft,

Visual Basic, ActiveX, mainframe terminal emulators, and Web services.

What is QTP ?

QuickTest is a graphical interface record-playback automation tool. It is able to

work with any web, java or windows client application. Quick Test enables you to

test standard web objects and ActiveX controls. In addition to these environments,

QuickTest Professional also enables you to test Java applets and applications and

multimedia objects on Applications as well as standard Windows applications,

Visual Basic 6 applications and .NET framework applications.

Can you do more than just capture and playback ?

I have done Dynamically capturing the objects during runtime in which no

recording, no playback and no use of repository is done AT ALL.

-It was done by the windows scripting using the DOM(Document Object Model) of the

windows.

How to do the scripting. Is there any inbuilt functions in QTP as in QTP-S.

Whatz the difference between them ? how to handle script issues ?











Yes, there's an in-built functionality called "Step Generator" in Insert->Step->Step

Generator -F7, which will generate the scripts as u enter the appropriate steps.

What is the difference between check point and output value ?

I would like to add some stuff to Kalpana's comments. It is as follows:-

An outPut value is a value captured during the test run and entered in the run-

time but to a specified location.

EX:-Location in Data Table[Global sheet / local sheet]




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IF we use batch testing, the result shown for last action only.in that

how can i get result for every action. ?

u can click on the icon in the tree view to view the result of every action

How the exception handling can be done using QTP ?

It can be done Using the Recovery Scenario Manager which provides a wizard that

gudies you through the process of defining a recovery scenario. The wizard could

be accesed in QTP> Tools-> Recovery Scenario Manager

How many types of Actions are there in QTP ?

There are three kinds of actions:

non-reusable actionâ€”an action that can be called only in the test with which it

is stored, and can be called only once.

reusable actionâ€”an action that can be called multiple times by the test

with which it is stored (the local test) as well as by other tests.

external actionâ€”a reusable action stored with another test. External actions are

read-only in the calling test, but you can choose to use a local, editable copy of the

Data Table information for the external action.



I want to open a Notepad window without recording a test and I do not

want to use SystemUtil.Run command as well How do I do this ?

U can still make the notepad open without using the record or System utility script,

just by mentioning the path of the notepad "( i.e., where the notepad.exe is stored

in the system ) in the "Windows Applications Tab" of the "Record and Run Settings

window. Try it out. All the Best.

Explain the concept of how QTP identifies object ?

During recording qtp looks at the object and stores it as test object.For each test






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object QT learns a set of default properties called mandatory properties,and look

at the rest of the objects to check whether this properties are enough to uniquely

identify the object. During test run,QT searches for the run time obkects that

matches with the test object it learned while recording.

Differentiate the two Object Repository Types of QTP ?

Object repository is used to store all the objects in the application being tested.2

types of oject repositoy per action and shared. In shared repository only one

centralised repository for all the tests. where as in per action.for each test a

separate per action repostory is created.

What the differences are and best practical application of each ?

Per Action: For Each Action, one Object Repository is created.

Shared : One Object Repository is used by entire application

Explain what the difference between Shared Repository and Per_Action

Repository ?

Shared Repository: Entire application uses one Object Repository , that similar

to Global GUI Map file in WinRunner

Per Action: For each Action ,one Object Repository is created, like GUI map file



per test in WinRunner

Have you ever written a compiled module? If yes tell me about some of

the functions that you wrote ?

I Used the functions for Capturing the dynamic data during runtime. Function used

for Capturing Desktop, browser and pages.

Explain in brief about the QTP Automation Object Model ?

Essentially all configuration and run functionality provided via the QuickTest interface




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is in some way represented in the QuickTest automation object model via objects,

methods, and properties. Although a one-on-one comparison cannot always be made,

most dialog boxes in QuickTest have a corresponding automation object, most options

in dialog boxes can be set and/or retrieved using the corresponding object property, and

most menu commands and other operations have corresponding automation methods.

You can use the objects, methods, and properties exposed by the QuickTest automation

object model, along with standard programming elements such as loops and conditional

statements to design your program.

How to handle dynamic objects in QTP ?

QTP has a unique feature called Smart Object Identification/recognition. QTP

generally identifies an object by matching its test object and run time object

properties. QTP may fail to recognise the dynamic objects whose properties change

during run time. Hence it has an option of enabling Smart Identification, wherein it

can identify the objects even if their properties changes during run time. Check

this out-

If QuickTest is unable to find any object that matches the recorded object

description, or if it finds more than one object that fits the description, then

QuickTest ignores the recorded description, and uses the Smart

Identification mechanism to try to identify the object.

While the Smart Identification mechanism is more complex, it is more flexible, and thus,

if configured logically, a Smart Identification definition can probably help QuickTest

identify an object, if it is present, even when the recorded description fails.

The Smart Identification mechanism uses two types of properties:





Base filter propertiesâ€”The most fundamental properties of a particular test

object class; those whose values cannot be changed without changing the essence

of the original object. For example, if a Web link's tag was changed from to any

other value, you could no longer call it the same object.

Optional filter propertiesâ€”Other properties that can help identify objects of a

particular class as they are unlikely to change on a regular basis, but which can

be ignored if they are no longer applicable.




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What is a Run-Time Data Table? Where can I find and view this table ?

In QTP, there is data table used , which is used at

runtime. -In QTP, select the option View->Data tabke.

-This is basically an excel file, which is stored in the folder of the test created,

its name is Default.xls by default.

How does Parameterization and Data-Driving relate to each other in QTP ?

To datadrive we have to parameterize.i.e. we have to make the constant value as

parameter, so that in each iteraration(cycle) it takes a value that is supplied in

run-time datatable. Through parameterization only we can drive a

transaction(action) with different sets of data. You know running the script with

the same set of data several times is not suggestable, & it's also of no use.

What is the difference between Call to Action and Copy Action ?

Call to Action : The changes made in Call to Action , will be reflected in the orginal

action( from where the script is called).But where as in Copy Action , the changes

made in the script ,will not effect the original script(Action)

Discuss QTP Environment ?



QuickTest Pro environment using the graphical interface and ActiveScreen

technologies - A testing process for creating test scripts, relating manual test

requirements to automated verification features - Data driving to use several sets

of data using one test script.

What is the file extension of the code file & object repository file in QTP ?

File extension of

- Per test object rep :- filename.mtr

- Shared Oject rep :-

filename.tsr Code file

extension id script.mts











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Explain the concept of object repository & how QTP recognises objects ?

Object Repository: displays a tree of all objects in the current component or in thecurrent action or entire test( depending on the object repository mode you selected).we can view or modify the test object description of any test object in the repositoryor to add new objects to the repository. Quicktest learns the default property valuesand determines in which test object class it fits.If it is not enough it adds assistiveproperties, one by one to the description until it has compiled the uniquedescription.If no assistive properties are available, then it adds a special Ordianlidentifier such as objects location onthe page or in the source code.

What are the properties you would use for identifying a browser & pagewhen using descriptive programming ?

"name" would be another property apart from "title" that we can use. OR Wecan also use the property "micClass". ex:Browser("micClass:=browser").page("micClass:=page")....

What are the different scripting languages you could use when workingwith QTP ?

Visual Basic (VB), XML, JavaScript, Java, HTML

Explain the keyword createobject with an example ?

Creates and returns a reference to an Automation objectsyntax: CreateObject(servername.typename [, location])Arguments

servername: Required. The name of the application providing the

object. typename : Required. The type or class of the object to create.

location : Optional. The name of the network server where the object is to be created



What are the Features & Benefits of Quick Test Pro(QTP) ?

1. Key word driven testing

2. Suitable for both client server and web based application

3. Vb script as the scriot language

4. Better error handling mechanism

5. Excellent data driven testing features

Where can I get Quck Test pro(QTP Pro) software.. This is Just for

Information purpose Only.




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Introduction to QuickTest Professional 8.0, Computer Based Training : Please find

the step to get QuickTest Professional 8.0 CBT Step by Step Tutorial and Evaluation

copy of the software. The full CBT is 162 MB. You will have to create account to be

able to download evaluation copies of CBT and Software.

How to handle the exceptions using recovery secnario manager in Qtp ?

You can instruct QTP to recover unexpected events or errors that occured in your

testing environment during test run. Recovery scenario manager provides a wizard

that guides you through the defining recovery scenario. Recovery scenario has

three steps

1. Triggered Events

2. Recovery steps

3. Post Recovery Test-Run

What is the use of Text output value in Qtp ?

Output values enable to view the values that the application talkes during run

time.When paramaterised, the values change for each iteration.Thus by creating

output values, we can capture the values that the application takes for each run

and output them to the data table.

How to use the Object spy in QTP 8.0 version ?





There are two ways to Spy the objects in

QTP 1.Through file toolbar

---In the File ToolBar click on the last toolbar button (an icon showing a person

with hat).

2.Through Object repository Dialog

---In Objectrepository dialog click on the button"object spy..."

In the Object spy Dialog click on the button showing hand symbol. the pointer now

changes in to a hand symbol and we have to point out the object to spy the state of

the object if at all the object is not visible..or window is minimised then Hold the Ctrl




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button and activate the required window to and release the Ctrl button.

QTP Topics and Questions

Documents