Pyrolysis of Biomass

Pyrolysis of Biomass

Pyrolysis of Biomass

Presented By:RITENDRA KUMARPresented To:DR. A.N SAWARKARIntroductionBiomass:Biomass is biological material derived from living, or recently living organisms.It most often refers to plants or plant-based materials which are specifically called lignocellulosic biomass.It is derived from numerous sources, including the by-products from the timber industry, agricultural crops, raw material from the forest, major parts of household waste and wood.

Wood remains the largest biomass energy source today; examples include forest residues (such as dead trees, branches and tree stumps), yard clippings, wood chips and even municipal solid waste.The largest source of energy from wood is pulping liquor or "black liquor," a waste product from processes of the pulp, paper and paperboard industry. Sources of Biomass

Pyrolysis of BiomassThermal decomposition of solid waste (e.g., woody biomass or agroresidue) in an inert atmosphere or with insufficient oxygen to cause partial oxidation (to provide the heat for decomposition) is called pyrolysis. Depending on the rate of heating, final temperature reached, a mixture of gas, liquid and remaining solid are the products.

Pyrolysis processes are carried out for To produce char-coalTo produce pyrolysis-oils (BIO-OIL), which may be processed into liquid fuels.

Processes employedSlow pyrolysis TorrefactionAirless dryingDestructive distillationFast pyrolysis

Slow PyrolysisThis process is also known as Batch Carbonization.

Key Features:Low heat transfer rateLong residence time (30min - days)Temperature range around (290 400 C)Charcoal is the main product.

Chemical ReactionsWOOD + HEAT WOOD CHAR +GAS C6n[H2O]5n 6nC +5nH2O

Secondary Reactions:C + H2O CO + H2 2CO + 2H2 CH4 + CO2 C + 2H2 CH4 C + 2H2O CO2 + 2H2

Product Distribution

Ref: http://cse.ksu.edu/REU/S11/jmarkham/index_background_info.html

Fast PyrolysisBiomass fast pyrolysis is a thermochemical process that converts feedstock into gaseous, solid, and liquid products through the heating of biomass in the absence of oxygen.Key features: Rapid heat transfer Low residence times (~ 1s) Temperature around 500 CProducts are bio-oil, char and gas

Ref: http://biocharfarms.org/biochar_production_energy/Product Distribution

Ref: http://cse.ksu.edu/REU/S11/jmarkham/index_background_info.htmlComparison of Process Conditions and Product Outputs

References

http://cse.ksu.edu/REU/S11/jmarkham/index_background_info.htmlF. Karaosmanoglu , E. Tetik, E. Gollu, Fuel Processing Technology 59 (1999) 112