Hiromi Tobita, Hirofumi Shinohara Japan Electrical Safety & Environment Technology Laboratories (JET) Ryan Smith Pordis, LLC PV module temperature measurement technology in PV system field for IEC 61724-1Annexure Presented at SAYURI-PV in TSUKUBA,Oct.2016
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Hiromi Tobita, Hirofumi ShinoharaJapan Electrical Safety & Environment Technology Laboratories (JET)
Ryan Smith Pordis, LLC
PV module temperature measurement technology in PV system field for IEC 61724-1Annexure
Presented at SAYURI-PV in TSUKUBA,Oct.2016
1
Contents1. Introduction2. Outdoor measurement of PV
module temperature3. UV exposure test of cover tape
materials4. Heat conduction model: Cell
temperature estimation5. Conclusion
1 Introduction
2
• PV module temperature measurement for output power normalization is of high importance in PV power station performance evaluation
• It is observed that thermocouple measurement values differ by cover tape materials and stick treatments
• We seek to recommend thermosensorattachment methods for:
a) Accuracyb) Durabilityc) Accessibility
3
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11
12Adhesive
Adhesive on
polyimide
Adhesive attached
Al
Adhesive on Al
Polyimide
Al Polyimide covered
air
Al covered
air
Al glasstape
coveredsheettype
sensor
Al glasstape
Al glasstape
covered air
Air
2.Illustration of underside of a solar module for outdoor measurement
52.0
54.0
56.0
58.0
60.0
62.0
64.0
66.0
68.0
10:04:48 10:12:00 10:19:12 10:26:24 10:33:36
TC m
easu
rem
ent v
alue
TIME
PV module temperature measurement
１．TC head glued with cyanoacrylate adhesive
３．TC head glued with cyanoacrylate adhesive covered by aluminum adhesive tape
７．TC head covered by polyimide adhesive tape with intentional air void
(IECEE method:Current standard)
(the highest ; aluminum tape cover)
(the lowest ; polyimide cover tape with air gap)
Test data evaluation (apart from the IECEE laboratory method data)
4
degree C
(Thermocouple on each independent cell case )
Al
Polyimide
52.0
54.0
56.0
58.0
60.0
62.0
64.0
66.0
68.0
10:04:48 10:12:00 10:19:12 10:26:24 10:33:36
TC m
easu
rem
ent v
alue
TIME
PV module temperature measurement
１．TC head glued with cyanoacrylate adhesive
２．TC head glued with cyanoacrylate adhesive covered by polyimide ashesive tape
５．TC head covered by polyimide adhesive tape
Test data evaluation (near lines with IECEE laboratory method)
(IECEE method)
(IECEE method and polyimide reinforcement tape)
(Stuck just by polyimide reinforcement tape)5
52.0
54.0
56.0
58.0
60.0
62.0
64.0
66.0
68.0
10:04:48 10:12:00 10:19:12 10:26:24 10:33:36
TC m
easu
rem
ent v
alue
TIME
PV module temperature measurement
１．TC head glued with cyanoacrylate adhesive
２．TC head glued with cyanoacrylate adhesive covered by polyimide ashesive tape
５．TC head covered by polyimide adhesive tape
degree C
(Thermocouple on each independent cell case )
(IECEE method:Current standard)
60.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
120.0
9:36:00 9:50:24 10:04:48 10:19:12 10:33:36 10:48:00 11:02:24 11:16:48 11:31:12 11:45:36 12:00:00 12:14:24 12:28:48 12:43:12 12:57:36 13:12:00 13:26:24 13:40:48 13:55:12 14:09:36 14:24:00
Tem
pera
ture
deg
reeC
TIME
Long time data １．TC head glued with cyanoacrylate adhesive
２．TC head glued with cyanoacrylate adhesive covered by polyimide ashesive tape３．TC head glued with cyanoacrylate adhesive covered by aluminum adhesive tape４．TC head glued on aluminum adhesive tape with cyanoacrylate adhesive５．TC head covered by polyimide adhesive tape
６．TC head covered by aluminum adhesive tape
７．TC head covered by polyimide adhesive tape with intentional air void
８．TC head covered by aluminum adhesive tape with intentional air void
９．Sheet type TC covered by glass croth adhesive tape
１０．TC head covered by glass croth adhesive tape
１１．TC head covered by glass croth adhesive tape with intentional air void１２．TC head in the air 1cm from module back sheet
21．TC head glued with cyanoacrylate adhesive
22．TC head glued with cyanoacrylate adhesive covered by polyimide ashesive tape23．TC head glued with cyanoacrylate adhesive covered by aluminum ashesive tape24．TC head glued on aluminum adhesive tape with cyanoacrylate adhesive25．TC head covered by polyimide adhesive tape
26．TC head covered by aluminum adhesive tape
27．TC head covered by polyimide adhesive tape with intentional air void
28．TC head covered by aluminum adhesive tape with intentional air void29．Sheet type TC covered by glass croth adhesive tape
30．TC head covered by glass croth adhesive tape
31．TC head covered by glass croth adhesive tape with intentional air void32．Voc
insolation(W/m2)
Temperature factor
33.Temperature caluculated by insolation and Voc
Insolation/10
Moduletemperature
calculated by Voc& irradiation compensation
VocAir temperature
(10:00-14:00.4th.September.2015.Tokyo)
separate accordfluctuate
100
80
60
40
20
TemperaturedegreeC
Low irradiance, Voc –derived temperature remain high value
Test data evaluation 1-day observation of module temperature calculated by Voc & irradiation compensation
3. UV exposure test of cover tapes
7
• Polyester and polyimide tapes are exposed under UV ray, humidity, and oxygen in a weatherometer chamber
• Evidence of differences in tensile strength, after UV,O2,H2O exposure, between materials
• Outdoor exposure tests in 5 sites are in progress
Weatherometer exposure apparatus
3. UV-Humid-O2 Exposure Test-Tensile Strength Ratio
Dummbbell Rectangular
Polyester (0.0508mm)Silicone adhesiveSurface-mount TC
Polyimide (0.0508mm)Silicone adhesiveSurface-mount TC
Tedlar (0.05mm)Acrylic adhesiveSurface-mount TC
Tyvek(0.036mm)Acrylic adhesiveSurface-mount TC
Polyester (0.025mm)Silicone adhesiveSurface-mount TC
Polyester (0.0508mm)Silicone adhesiveBead TC
Polyimide (0.0508mm)Silicone adhesiveBead TC[ Rectangular sectionsare 0.0508mm or 0.0254mm ]
Tedlar/EVA laminateon aluminum plate
Intentional bends to simulate stress caused by loose or pulled TC wire
Vermont RTC - Dfb
Nevada RTC - BWh New Mexico RTC - BSk
Texas – Cfa (non-coastal) Florida RTC – Cfa (coastal)
Special thanks to the Department of Energy Regional Test Centers for deploying the test articles.
Imaging of deployed test articles planned at:0d, 30d, 180d, 360d, 540d, and 720d with potential to extend based on results.
4.Heat conduction model of PV module
11
④PV cells are cooled from backsheet side→PV cells are quickly to be cooled by wind
①PV cells are warmed directly by sunlight ②Cover glass takes away heat from PV cells →PV cells are slow to be warmed by sun heat ③Heat is stored in cover glass
Sun light
glass cells
backsheet
• IEC 61724-1 Annexure B (informative ):“Thermocouple attachment method recommendation” is on going to be revised.
• Cover tape material strengths are in same range with Polyester or Polyimide due to weatherometer UV,O2,H2O test:Wait for results from outdoor exposure comparison test.
• Assumption of uncertainty of temperature measurement by thermal model of PV module is underway, with direct cell temperature measurement oflaminated coupon.
5 Conclusion
12
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