Pursuing Household Pursuing Household Electric Savings Electric Savings In-field Short Course In-field Short Course Monday, April 7, 8 am -12 Monday, April 7, 8 am -12 pm pm Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania A. Tamasin Sterner Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990 Rana Belshe Conservation Connection Consulting Fairchild, Wisconsin 715-334-2707
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Pursuing Household Electric Savings In-field Short Course Monday, April 7, 8 am -12 pm Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Pursuing Household Electric Savings In-field.
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Pursuing Household Electric Pursuing Household Electric Savings Savings
In-field Short CourseIn-field Short Course
Monday, April 7, 8 am -12 pm Monday, April 7, 8 am -12 pm Pittsburgh, PennsylvaniaPittsburgh, Pennsylvania
A. Tamasin Sterner Pure Energy
Lancaster, Pennsylvania717-293-8990
Rana BelsheConservation Connection
ConsultingFairchild, Wisconsin
715-334-2707
In This Session We WillIn This Session We Will
Interview occupant and explore baseload use in home
Ponder the intersection of residential electricity use and carbon emissions
Point to potential collaborators and resources
Discuss how to take advantage of rising energy prices and environmental awareness
……and We Care Because… and We Care Because… Change is upon us. Price signals & mainstream environmental
awareness of Global Warming is happening. Efficiency gains are netting zero in some places due to
population growth, increased size of houses and connected loads.
Electric intensity per capita has more than tripled in the US since 1960 as consumers binge on electronic technologies-- communication, home entertainment, information, etc.
Cutting greenhouse gas emissions requires using less electricity if earth is to remain a good place to live.
Successfully diagnosing and remediating high baseload use and educating and influencing people takes time. How do we charge for this time?
Making a Difference…Making a Difference…
What have we learned from our successes and mistakes?
What are we going to do now?
What resources do we need to move forward in Wisconsin?
How does this translate to income after taxes?
Energy Cost & ValueEnergy Cost & ValueFuel
SourceUnit Btu/
UnitUnit/Mbtu
Cost/Unit
Cost/Mbtu
Crude OilBarrel 6,300,000 0.16 $95.00 $15.20
Heating OilGallon 140,000 7.14 $3.05 $21.78
Propane Gallon 92,000 10.87 $3.00 $32.61
Natural Gas Therm 100,000 10 $1.25 $12.50
Gasoline Gallon 125,000 8 $3.00 $24.00
Mixed Wood Cord 20,000,000 0.05 $295.00 $14.75
Electricity kWh 3,412 293 $0.10 $29.30
Cost/Unit x Unit/MBtu = Cost/Mbtu
Electricity, Emissions & Water WasteElectricity, Emissions & Water Waste
Adds to global warming
Wastes water—about ½-1 gal/kWh from coal fired plant
Presents health risks associated with smog, particle and mercury emissions
coal 2.37 lbs/kWh
oil 2.14 lbs/kWh
gas 1.32 lbs/kWh
Carbon dioxide (CO2) equivalency
694 lbs/MBtu
628 lbs/MBtu
388 lbs/MBtu
Water waste associated with hydroelectric: Average 18 gallons/kWh for USA
4-6 gallons/kWh for Austin Energy in Texas
Electric energy intensity Electric energy intensity (kWh/person) 1960 - present(kWh/person) 1960 - present
Art Rosenfeld, Emerging Technologies in Energy Efficiency Conference, Oct. 2006
Baseload + Seasonal = Total Baseload + Seasonal = Total Household Electric UseHousehold Electric Use
Baseload: Electricity used to power things used year round
Seasonal use: Electricity used to provide heating, cooling, often dehumidification
The goal is to understand how a particular household uses electricity, identify the possibilities for reducing that use and dialogue with the occupant for the best possible outcomes.
Establishing Baseload UseEstablishing Baseload Use
Obtain (a printout of) the client’s electricity use for at least one year, prior to the site visit.
Separate the baseload use from the total use by adding together the three lowest months, (not weird numbers) dividing the sum by 3 to get an average baseload month’s use, and then multiplying that number by 12 months.
This can easily be done visually from a bar chart.
There are lots of ways to do this. They all work.
To “Produce Reduced Use” To “Produce Reduced Use”
We must know where they are, where they’ve been, and what is possible.
This requires getting & using information BEFORE & during the Home Visit:
National averages trued up to PA utility program experience
If…. Then….If…. Then….
If any category of use is low, save your time and energy and focus where the use is Mid or HIGH
Baseload as a Building Baseload as a Building Science Systems IssueScience Systems Issue
One example: Recessed lights are holes in the
envelope, most of which leak air
Local hot spot enhances exfiltration forces
A 13 watt bulb increases air flow through a leaky can by 60% when it’s on, a 50 watt bulb by 170% and a 100 watt bulb by 400%!
Larry Kinney, Synertech Systems Inc
Baseload is a Waste & Pollution Baseload is a Waste & Pollution Systems Issue Systems Issue
Over a five year period, an incandescent bulb uses electricity equal to 10 mg of mercury emissions from a coal-fired plant.
A CFL may contain 4 mg of mercury, but “uses” only 2.4 mg of emissions from electricity.
Mercury in a CFL is contained and is recycled with proper disposal*. Once out of the smokestack mercury is uncontrollable.
Electricity generated from coal-fired plants is only 33% efficient at the plug. The rest of the source energy is “wasted” in generation, transmission, & distribution losses.
U.S. EAP 2002* www.Earth911.org
Savings Follows WasteSavings Follows Waste
Total electricity use relates directly
to potential electricity savings
Typical High Potential Baseload Typical High Potential Baseload CircumstancesCircumstances
Time on – 24/7 adds up quicklyHigh demand / power (kW)Poor control strategiesNot known to be operatingFaulty equipment Intermittent useHidden loads Lots of people in the household
Top Reasons for High Baseload Use Top Reasons for High Baseload Use from a Recent Studyfrom a Recent Study
High number of occupants Hot water leaks in pipes, fixtures or water heater Long shower time Very inefficient refrigerators/freezers Multiple refrigerators/freezers 24 hour a day lighting or lots of them Other mechanical, appliance or electronics
issues: computers on 24/7; air handlers ‘on’; ceiling fans on 24/7
A carbon footprint is a "measure of the impact human activities have on the environment in terms of the amount of green house gases (GHG) produced, measured in units of equivalent carbon dioxide (CO2e).”