Pump, its types and applications presentation

PUMPS ,ITS TYPE AND INDUSTRIAL

APPLICATION PRESENTED BY :- ZIA-UL-ISLAM

MARWAT 14PWCHE0938

SECTION B CHEMICAL ENG:

WHAT IS PUMP?

A pump machine is a device for converting the energy held by mechanical energy into fluid.

Function:- Flow from a region of low pressure to

one of high pressure Flow from a low level to a higher

level Flow at a faster rate.Propties:- Pumps operate by some mechanism

and consume energy to perform mechanical work by moving the fluid.

Pumps operate via many energy sources.

WHAT IS PUMP?

Single stage pump – When in a casing only one

impeller is revolving then it is called single stage pump.

Double/ Multi stage pump – When in a casing two or

more than two impellers are revolving then it is called double/ multi stage pump.

singleStage pumps

Double stage pump

Types of pumps

rotodynamice pumps positive displacement pumps

Types of pumps

Positive displacement pumps

Rotatory type reprocicating type

screw pump gear pump rotatory van pump

plunger diaphragm piston radial piston

pump pump pump pump

Type of pumps

TYPES OF POSITIVE PUMPES

POSITIVE PUMP A positive displacement

pump makes a fluid move by trapping a fixed amount of fluid and forcing (displacing) that trapped volume into the discharge pipe.

Application:- Positive pump

behavior and safety Positive displacement pumps, unlike centrifugal or roto-

dynamic pumps, theoretically can produce the same flow at a given speed (RPM) no matter what the discharge pressure.

A positive displacement pump must not operate against a closed valve on the discharge side of the pump, because it has no shutoff head like centrifugal pumps.

A relief or safety valve on the discharge side of the positive displacement pump is therefore necessary. The relief valve can be internal or external.

Types of positive pumps

Types of Rotary positive displacement pumps

Gear pumps - a simple type of rotary pump where the liquid is pushed between two gears.

Application:- Gear pumps are widely used in chemical installations to pump high viscosity fluids. Petrochemicals: Pure or filled bitumen, pitch, diesel oil, crude oil, lube oil etc. Chemicals: Sodium silicate, acids, plastics, mixed chemicals, isocyanates etc. Paint and ink. Resins and adhesives.

Screw pumps - the shape of the internals of this pump is usually two screws turning against each other to pump the liquid

Rotary vane pumps - similar to scroll compressors, these have a cylindrical rotor encased in a similarly shaped housing.

Types of positive pumps

Reciprocating pump Reciprocating pumps move the fluid using one or more oscillating pistons,

plungers, or membranes (diaphragms), while valves restrict fluid motion to the desired direction.

types:

Plunger pumps Diaphragm pumps Piston pumps displacement pumps Radial piston pumps Rope pump

Type of Positive pumps

Rotodynamic pump

Centrifugal pump Axial pump Mixed pump Turbine pump

Types of Rotodynamic pumps

Centrifugal pump:-Centrifugal pumps are used to transport fluids by the conversion of rotational kinetic energy to the hydrodynamic energy of the fluid flow. Petrochemicals: Pure or filled bitumen, pitch, diesel oil, crude oil, lube oil etc.Application:-Oil - refineries, power plantsBuilding Services Chemical and Process Industries Industry and Water engineering


Axial flow pumps:- These are also referred to as All fluid pumps. The fluid is pushed

outward or inward and move fluid axially. They operate at much lower pressures and higher flow rates than radial-flow (centripetal) pumps.

Application:- In power plants, they are used for pumping water from a reservoir,

river, lake or sea for cooling the main condenser In the chemical industry, they are used for the circulation of large

masses of liquid, such as in evaporators and crys In sewage treatment, an AFP is often used for internal mixed liquor

recirculation tallizers In agriculture and fisheries very large horsepower AFPs are used to lift

water for irrigation and drainage


Mixed-flow pumps:-Mixed-flow pumps function as a compromise between radial and axial-flow pumps. The exit is in b/w 0 to 90 angle . higher pressures than axial-flow pumpsWhile delivering higher discharges than radial-flow pumps.

Types of rotodynamic pumps

turbine pump A turbine pump is a centrifugal pump that is mainly used to pump water from

deep wells or other underground and man-made bodes of water to water distribution systems.

fluid enters "eye" of the impeller. constant head and high pressure uniform flow. The stages can be connected in series to increase the head capacity of the

pump. Application:- turbine water pumps are used for various applications, such as pumping water

for irrigation, firefighting, hydroelectricity, and treatment of waste water. The major advantage of the turbine water pump is its low revolutions per

minute, or RPM, with a high and constant head. This feature enables the use of these pumps for the continuous pumping of water from deep wells.

Types of rotodynamic pumps

Eductor-jet pump This uses a jet, often of steam, to create a low pressure. This low pressure

sucks in fluid and propels it into a higher pressure region.

Gravity pumps Gravity pumps include the syphon and Heron's fountain. The hydraulic ram is

also sometimes called a gravity pump; in a gravity pump the water is lifted by gravitational force.

Steam pumps Steam pumps have been for a long time mainly of historical interest. They

include any type of pump powered by a steam engine and also pistonless pumps such as Thomas Savery's or the Pulsometer steam pump.

Types of pumps

Types and features of multiphase pumpsHelico-axial pumps :- A rotodynamic pump with one single shaft that requires two mechanical seals, this

pump uses an open-type axial impeller. It's often called a Poseidon pump, and can be described as a cross between an axial compressor and a centrifugal pump.

ApplicationsSulzer helicoaxial multiphase pumps enable boosting of the oil/gas/water mixture from producing wells, without separating the gas from the liquids. They are successfully deployed in remote or subsea location, thus making wells and fields economically viable.

Progressive cavity :- Progressive cavity pumps are single-screw types typically used in shallow wells or at

the surface. This pump is mainly used on surface applications where the pumped fluid may contain a considerable amount of solids such as sand and dirt.

Electric submersible :- These pumps are basically multistage centrifugal pumps and are widely used in oil

well applications as a method for artificial lift. These pumps are usually specified when the pumped fluid is mainly liquid.

Types of pump

Impulse pumps Impulse pumps use pressure created by gas

(usually air). In some impulse pumps the gas trapped in the liquid (usually water), is released and accumulated somewhere in the pump, creating a pressure that can push part of the liquid upwards.

Conventional impulse pumps include:

Hydraulic ram pumps Pulser pumps Airlift pumps

Types of pumps

Thank you

THE END

Pump, its types and applications presentation

Engineering