Published Research Articles in International Journals Suez ...

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Published Research Articles in International Journals 2018-2019

Suez Canal University

Post-Graduate Studies

&Research Sector

Published Research Articles in

International Journals

Suez Canal University

(Abstracts)

2018, 2019

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جامعة قناة السويس

قطاع الدراسات العليا والبحوث

ملخص االبحـاث العلميـــة المنشــورة

بالدوريات العلمية العالمــية

جامعة قناة السويس

1028-1029

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رئيس جامعة قناة السويس /كلمة السيد االستاذ الدكتور

وتحقيق رفاهيتها ، ويعد يعد البحث العلمى أداة األمم للتقدم وصناعة الحضارة واالرتقاء بالشعوب

ما تمتلكه أى أمة من أبحاث علمية متقدمة وما تمتلكه من تراث علمى دقيق أحد المعايير المهمة

للحكم على تقدم األمة ، ولذا يشهد العالم سباقا وتعاونا فى هذا المجال حتى يستطيع االنسان

.تسخير قوى الطبيعة وثرواتها لراحته وسعادته

العلمى الدعامة االساسية لالقتصاد والتطور وقناة مهمة الثراء المعرفة االنسانية كما يعد البحث

.فى ميادينها كافة ، لذا فإن ما تمتلكه األمة من علماء يعتبر ثروة تفوق كل الثروات الطبيعية

ولذلك تحرص جامعة قناة السويس على تشجيع النشر الدولى الذى سيضع الجامعة فى موقع ألئق

تصنيف العالمى للجامعات ، والذى يعتمد من بين معاييره على عدد االبحاث العلمية ضمن ال

المنشورة بالدوريات العلمية العالمية ، وتنتهج الجامعة طريقا لتنمية االبداع والتفكير العلمى لدى

.الشباب حتى يمكن تحقيق التقدم وبناء مستقبل مشرق

بةوفقنا هللا لما فيه الخير لمصرنا الحبي

أحمد زكي حسين متولي/ د.أ

رئيس جامعة قناة السويس

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بسرعة هائلة وتتغلب على المشكالت التى أصبح البحث العلمى واحد من المجاالت الهامة التى تجعل الدول تتطور :تواجهها بطرق علمية حيث ان البحث العلمى فى حياة االنسان ينبع من مصدرين هامين وهما

يتمثل فى االنتفاع بفوائد تطبيقية حيث تقوم الجهات المسئولة بتطبيق هذه الفوائد التى نجمت عن -:المصدر االول.فى االسلوب العلمى فى البحث الذى يبنى عليه جميع المكتشفات واالختراعات يتمثل -:المصدر الثانى. االبحاث

ويعتبر النشر الدولى منتج اساسى للبحث العلمى الجيد لما له من اهمية كبيرة لدى الجامعات والمراكز البحثية العالمية المحكمة من قبل على مستوى العالم، والنشر الدولى هو نشر نتائج االبحاث العلمية فى الدوريات العلمية

اساتذة متخصصين فى فروع العلوم واالّداب المختلفة بينما المدلول الفعلى واالكثر اهمية للنشر الدولى من وجه نظر الباحثين والعلماء على مستوى العالم هو وصول نتائج االبحاث لكافة المتخصصين والباحثين والعلماء فى

.ذلك الفرع من العلم

تمويل المشروعات البحثية فى معظم انحاء العالم يعتمد ايضا على عدد االبحاث الدولية المنشورة كما اصبحللباحثين والمجموعات البحثية ولذلك اتجهت الجامعات المصرية فى االّونة االخيرة الى تحفيز باحثيها وعلمائها

لكل مجلة Impact Factorومعامل تأثير للنشر الدولى بمنح جوائز مالية تعتمد على تصنيف الدوريات العلمية

اصبح 1009مما ادى الى زيادة واضحة فى معدل النشر الدولى للباحثين بالجامعات المصرية ، كذلك ومنذ عام –تشجيعية ) النشر الدولى فى الدوريات العلمية المحكمة من اهم عوامل تقييم المتقدمين لجوائز الدولة المختلفة

.( تقديرية –تفوق

ونظرا لموقع جامعة قناة السويس الذى يعتبر الركيزة العلمية االساسية فى المنطقة والتى تعتبر من اهم المناطق التنموية فى الوقت الحالى ونظرا للخبرات المتعددة للسادة االساتذة اعضاء هيئة التدريس بالجامعة فى الكثير من

ت العليا والبحوث السادة الباحثين من الشباب على النشر المجاالت لذا تشجع الجامعة وخاصة قطاع الدراسا :بالطريقة السليمة وذلك من خالل عمل دورات متخصصة فى الموضوعات االتية

طرق الكتابة العلمية المتخصصة كيفية النشر العلمى بالطريقة الصحيحة كيفية كتابة المشروعات اخالقيات البحث العلمى

للجامعة هو بناء مجتمع مبتكر يمتاز بالقدرات العلمية والتكنولوجية وتوجيه شباب ولذا فان الهدف االساسى

.الباحثين الى التطور واالبتكار لتحقيق اعظم النتائج

ماجدة محمد هجرس/ د.ا

نائب رئيس الجامعة للدراسات العليا والبحوث

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A Word

by Suez Canal University President

Scientific Research is considered the tool for achieving progress, making civilization and elevating nations. For that reason, what each nation what each nation gains from advanced scientific research and scientific legacy is one of the important criterions to judge its progress. That is why the world today is witnessing a scientific race, as well as scientific cooperation, so that humans can employ the forces and wealth of nature for both comfort and happiness. Scientific research is also considered the main pillar for economy and

development and an important channel to enrich human knowledge in all

its fields.

That is why the Suez Canal University is keen to encourage international publication to have a prestigious position at the international ranking of universities, based on the number of scientific Publications in international peer-reviewed journals, books and conferences, Suez Canal University is well on its way to promote creativity and scientific thinking in the youth, so they can achieve progress and build a bright future.

May Allah guide us to the welfare of our beloved Egypt

Prof . Ahmed Zaky Hussain Metwally Suez Canal University President

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The scientific research has become one of the main fields that make the countries develop rapidly and scientifically overcome problems that face them. The scientific research in human life comes from two main resources: - First resource: - is to benefit from the applied outcomes, and the responsible agencies to apply those resulted benefits. Second resource: - is the scientific approach in research, upon which all discoveries and inventions are depending. And the international publication is considered a main production of the good scientific research. Also for the great importance it holds at universities and the research centers all around the world. The international publication is to publish the scientific research in international scientific periodicals, which is being judged by special professors in different science and arts fields. But the main contribution for the international publication, from the scientists and researchers point of view, is to reach all the results of the latest researches for all the specialists, scientists, and researchers all around the globe. Also the scientific projects finance, everywhere around the world, is depending on the number of published scientific researches for researchers and research groups. And so, recently, the Egyptian universities started to encourage their own researchers and scientists to internationally publish by giving financial awards depending on the periodicals rating and the Impact Factor for each one, which lead to a great increase to the international publication rate for the Egyptian universities researchers. Also since the year 2009, the international publication in judged scientific periodicals has become one of the main qualifications for candidates for different state awards (encouragement – excellence - discretionary). And for the important position of the Suez Canal university, which is the main educational pillar for a whole region being considered one of the most important development regions in the present, and for the different experiences of the faculty’s professors in all different fields, the university, and especially the researches and graduate studies sector, encourages the youth researchers to publish in the right way. And that will be through holding specialized courses in the following subjects: - - specialized scientific writing methods - how to correctly publish a scientific research - how to write projects - scientific research ethics And so the main goal for the university is to build an innovative society with scientific and technological capabilities and to direct young researchers to develop and innovate to achieve the greatest results.

Prof. Magda Mohamed Hagras

Vice-President for Postgraduate Studies and Research Suez Canal University

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List of Content

NO. NAME OF FACULTY

8-29

Faculty of Medicine

30-102 Faculty of Vet. Medicine

103-106 Faculty of Commerce

107-111 Faculty of Nursing

112-138 Faculty of Engineering – Ismailia

139-152 Faculty of Computing and Informatics

153-185 Faculty of Agriculture

186-234 Faculty of Pharmacy

235-337 Faculty of Science

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Long non-coding RNAs MALAT1, MIAT and ANRIL gene expression profiles

in beta-thalassemia patients: a cross-sectional analysis

Abeer Fakhr-Eldeen a,b, Eman A. Toraih c,d and Manal S. Fawzy e,f

a Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt; b

Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia; c

Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, Egypt; d Center of Excellence of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, Egypt; e Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar,

Saudi Arabia; f Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine,

Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Objectives: Beta-thalassemia (β-thal) is one of the most common genetic disorders worldwide.

Multiple genetic and epigenetic mechanisms could be implicated in the pathogenesis and/or

phenotype variations. We sought to explore the serum expression profile of three diseaserelated

long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in a sample of Egyptian β-thal patients with correlation to the

patients’ clinicolaboratory data.

Methods: Fifty consecutive β-thal patients and 50 unrelated controls were enrolled in the study.

Quantification of circulating lncRNAs; MALAT1 (metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma

transcript 1), MIAT (myocardial infarction associated transcript), and ANRIL (antisense noncoding

RNA in the INK4 locus) was done by Real-time qRT-PCR.

Results: Significant higher expression levels of the studied lncRNAs in β-thal patients compared to

the controls (all P values < 0.001) were identified. There was no significant difference between β-thal-

major and intermedia patients at the level of any of the studied lncRNAs. Higher MALAT1 expression

profile was associated with early age at onset, early age at first blood transfusion, and a higher

frequency of splenomegaly. Whereas, up-regulated MIAT levels were associated with early age at

first blood transfusion.

Conclusions: Taken together, the studied lncRNAs MALAT1, MIAT, and ANRIL might be implicated

in β-thal pathogenesis and could provide new molecular biomarkers for β-thalassemia after

validation in large-scale future studies.

Hematology

2019

24(1):308-317

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Overexpression of heat shock protein HSP90AA1 and translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane TOM34 in HCV-induced hepatocellular carcinoma: A pilot study

Eman A.Toraihab

Hani G.AlrefaicMohammad H.Hussein

dGhada M.Helal

cMoataz

S.KhashanaeManal S.Fawzy

fg

aGenetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia

41522, Egypt bCenter of Excellence of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

cDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

dMinistry of Health and population, Cairo, Egypt

eFaculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

fDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia

gDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia,

Egypt

Abstract

Objective: Identification of new molecular markers to enhance early diagnosis, prognosis and/or treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a need. TOM34 (34 kDa-translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane) protein expression deregulation has demonstrated to be involved in the growth of many cancers. Here, we aimed at evaluating serum TOM34 and some heat shock proteins (HSPA4, HSPA1B, and HSP90AA1) expressions in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related cirrhosis and HCV-induced HCC relative to controls and correlating these expressions to the clinicopathological data.

Methods: Serum specimens were collected from 90 patients with HCV associated complications (30

cirrhotic, 30 early HCC and 30 late HCC) and 60 controls. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed for relative quantification of the four target genes using the Livak method. In silico network analysis was also executed to explore the contribution of the genes in liver cancer.

Results: The serum TOM34 and HSP90AA1 transcripts were significantly upregulated in HCC

patients compared to cirrhotic ones with more up-regulation in late HCC patients. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed the optimum cutoff value of 0.625 corresponding to 71.7% sensitivity and 56.7% specificity, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.705 to discriminate HCC from cirrhotic groups (P = .002). In multivariate analysis, ordination plot showed obvious demarcation between the study groups caused by the higher levels of TOM34 among other variables.

Conclusions: TOM34 and its partner HSP90AA1 might be used as a potential biomarker for

monitoring HCV-induced HCC progression in the Egyptian population. Future large-scale validation studies are warranted.

Clinical Biochemistry 2019

(63): 10-17

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009912018308798?via%3Dihub#!







https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/protein-expression

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/heat-shock-protein

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/heat-shock-protein

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/hepatitis-c-virus

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/liver-cirrhosis

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/quantitative-reverse-transcription-polymerase-chain-reaction

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/quantitative-reverse-transcription-polymerase-chain-reaction

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/in-silico

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/upregulation

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/multivariate-analysis

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Comprehensive data analysis for development of custom qRT-PCR miRNA

assay for glioblastoma: a prevalidation study

Eman A Toraih**,1,2, Hoda Y Abdallah1,2, Essam A Rashed3,4, Aya El-Wazir1,2, Mohamed

A Tantawy5 & Manal S Fawzy*,6,7

1Department of Histology & Cell Biology, Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia 41522, Egypt

2Center of Excellence of Molecular & Cellular Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

3Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt

4Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Informatics and Computer Science, The British

University in Egypt, Cairo 11837, Egypt

5Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt

6Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal

University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt

7Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Aim: Glioblastoma (GB) is one notable example of miRNA-modulated neoplasms. Given its

unique expression signature, proper miRNA profiling can help discriminate between GB

and other types of brain tumors. The current work aimed to develop a more GB-specific

and applicable custom designed quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase

chain reaction (qRT-PCR) miRNA assay. Materials & methods: A comprehensive data

analysis of bioinformatics databases, previous literature and commercially available pre-

designed miRNA PCR arrays within the market. Results: A highly enriched panel of 84

deregulated and GB-specific miRNAs has been developed. Conclusion: After validation of

this newly developed array, it can not only save the researcher’s time and effort, but can

also have a potential diagnostic and/or prognostic role in GB, paving the road toward

personalized medicine.

Epigenomics 2019

11(4), 367–380

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Genetic polymorphisms of IL-17A rs2275913, rs3748067 and IL-17F rs763780 in gastric cancer risk: Evidence from 8124 cases and 9873 controls.

Rami M. Elshazli1 · Doaa O. Salman2 · Maha M. Kamel3 · Eman A. Toraih2,4 · Manal S. Fawzy5,6

1 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Therapy,Horus University in Egypt (HUE), New Damietta, Egypt 2 Genetics Unit, Histology and Cell Biology Department,Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 3 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, HorusUniversity of Egypt (HUE), New Damietta, Egypt 4 Center of Excellence of Molecular and Cellular Medicine,Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 5 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine,Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 6 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia

Abstract Objective: Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is a critical cytokine involved in inflammatory-associated cancers.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) might promote carcinogenesis. In the current meta-

analysis, we investigated the association of IL-17A and IL-17F and gastric cancer (GC) risk.

Methodology: Eligible genetic association studies were retrieved from Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science. Two reviewers independently assessed methodological quality and extracted data from included articles. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Quantitative data synthesis was conducted using comprehensive meta-analysis v2. Subgroup analysis, heterogeneity, and sensitivity analysis were performed. Begg's funnel plot and Egger's regression tests were used to judge publication bias. In silico data analysis was executed to analyze the functional and structural impact of the SNPs. Results : A total of 21 case-control studies for rs2275913 c.-197G>A (7660 patients and 9409 controls), 8 studies for rs3748067 c.*1249C>T (2878 patients and 3620 controls), and 14 studies for rs763780 c.482A>G (4481 patients and 5354 controls) were included. Pooled estimate revealed an association between IL-17A rs2275913 polymorphism and the risk of GC under all genetic models (A vs. G, OR = 1.187, 95% CI = 1.086-1.297, P < 0.001; GA vs. GG, OR = 1.108, 95% CI = 1.008-1.218, P = 0.033; AA vs. GG, OR = 1.484, 95% CI = 1.236-1.781, P < 0.001), while no evidence of association was found with IL-17A rs3748067 or IL-17F rs763780. Conclusion : Our results showed that IL-17A promotor rs2275913 variant might represent a potential risk factor for gastric cancer susceptibility.

Molecular Biology Report 2019

(5):1421-1444

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Lead: A Hidden "Untested" Risk in Neonatal Blood Transfusion

, 4

Gauliermichel -, Jean3

, Mohamed Osama Abdalla2

, Ahmed Omran1*

Sanaa Mohamed AlyDina El Metwally

2

1Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; 2Pediatrics and Neonatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; 3Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt and 4CHU Lille, Unité Fonctionnelle de Toxicologie, F-59000, Lille, France

Abstract

Background: Neonates may be exposed to lead (Pb) through blood transfusions from donors. Pb exposure has neurological, cardiovascular, renal and other adverse effects. The study aimed to (i) determine the blood lead levels (BLLs) in different blood product units (whole blood, packed red blood cells (pRBCs), platelets, and plasma transfused to neonates) and (ii) estimate the proportion of units with high BLLs.

Methods: Residual blood from blood bank bags that were used for neonatal transfusion were collected: 25 samples from each type of blood product except for whole blood (10 samples). The Pb analysis was performed using the atomic absorption method. The study was conducted at the Suez Canal University Hospital, Egypt.

Results: The mean of BLL in pRBCs, platelets, plasma, and whole blood were 136, 199, 108, and 130 µg/L respectively; 60% contained Pb above 50 µg/L. The highest BLLs were in platelet units.

Conclusions: The present study showed for the first time that platelets and plasma in addition to whole blood and pRBCs used for neonatal transfusions are sources of Pb. Re-evaluation of the guidelines is mandatory for the safety of the neonates. Long-term neurodevelopment assessment of neonates exposed to high Pb is warranted.

Pediatric Research

2019

(85): 50-54

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Subclinical synovitis and enthesitis in psoriasis patients and controls by ultrasonography in Saudi Arabia; incidence of psoriatic arthritis during two years

Basant Elnady1,2 & Nashwa K. El Shaarawy3,4 & Noha Mohammed Dawoud5,6 & Tohamy Elkhouly7,8 & Dalia El-Sayed Desouky9,10 & Eman Nabil ElShafey5,11 & Mohamed S. El

Husseiny12,13 & Johannes J. Rasker14

3 Department of Rheumatology, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine,Suez Canal

University, Ismailia, Egypt

4 Department of Rheumatology, United Doctor Hospital,Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Objective To evaluate ultrasonographic subclinical inflammatory synovitis and enthesitis in psoriasis patients, without clinical arthritis or enthesitis compared with healthy controls, with a 2-year follow-up to study the associated incidence of psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Methods A total of 109 consecutive psoriasis vulgaris patients without clinical signs of PsA and 90 healthy controls were included from two tertiary medical centers. Subjects underwent dermatological examination, PASI score evaluation for severity of psoriasis, musculoskeletal examination using 68/66 joints count for tenderness and swollen joints. Patients were assessed for CRP, musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) in the form of grayscale ultrasound (GSUS), and power Doppler ultrasound (PDUS) for eight entheses and 34 joints to detect MSUS subclinical enthesitis and synovitis. All patients were followed-up for 2 years to detect evolving PsA. Results Subclinical enthesitis and synovitis were detected in 39.5% of psoriasis patients and 10% of controls (P < 0.001). CRP was significantly higher in psoriasis patients with MSUS manifestations (P < 0.01). PDUS and GSUS subclinical synovitis and/ or enthesitis were detected at least in one site in psoriatic patients more than in controls (P < 0.05). During a 2-year follow-up of patients, the annual PsA incidence was 4.3%. Psoriasis patients who developed PsA showed a higher prevalence of baseline enthesitis, higher PDUS and GSUS synovitis scores, and higher baseline CRP level than those who did not develop PsA. Conclusions MSUS subclinical synovitis and enthesitis are quite common in psoriasis patients. The incidence of PsA in Saudi’s psoriasis patients was slightly higher than worldwide reports. Subclinical enthesitis, PDUS, and GSUS synovitis could predict PsA development.

Clinical Rheumatology

2019

(6):1627-1635

Pag 15


Strongyloides stercoralis in Patients on Corticosteroids Therapy Using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Gelatin Particles Indirect Agglutination Tests: A Diagnostic Approach

Shahira A Ahmed 1, Amany El-Moselhy

2, Amal El-Moammaly

2, Khalid El-Shewy

2

1Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522,

Egypt. [email protected]. 2Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522,

Egypt.

Abstract

Introduction: Patients on corticosteroids therapy (POCT) are more likely to flare up concealed Strongyloides infection and develop Strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome and/or dissemination. Such critical complications can lead to high mortality rates. Rapid detection methods are, therefore, necessary to detect Strongyloides infection in POCT with the advantage of being applicable in a developing country. Methods: Two hundred POCT have been enrolled in this study to determine the rate of infection with Strongyloides. Three different groups of POCT (Strongyloides infected, non-infected, infected with other parasites) were used to evaluate the antibodies detection capability of two serological techniques (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and gelatin particles indirect agglutination (GPIAT) against the results of the gold standard agar plate culture (APC). Results: With APC, the infection rate of Strongyloides stercoralis in POCT was 9.5% (19/200). POCT with Strongyloides infection displayed related risk factors (job, rural settlements, and soil contact) for infection combined with the subtropical nature of Ismailia Governorate. With regard to serology, ELISA detection results were poor compared to APC with sensitivity and specificity of 42.1% and 82.6%, respectively, and positive and negative predictive values of 72% and 30%. GPIAT appeared to be closely related to APC with sensitivity and specificity of 89.4% and 81.8%, respectively, and positive and negative predictive values of 80.9% and 96.7%. Statistical moderate correlation was detected between GPIAT and ELISA. Conclusion: The GPIAT technique is more convenient, easier, cheaper and faster to rule out the infection of Strongyloides in POCT. It might be the test of choice for routine immunodiagnosis of human strongyloidiasis.

Acta Parasitologica

2019

(64):394-405

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Ahmed+SA&cauthor_id=31069645

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31069645/#affiliation-1

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=El-Moselhy+A&cauthor_id=31069645


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=El-Moammaly+A&cauthor_id=31069645


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=El-Shewy+K&cauthor_id=31069645


https://link.springer.com/journal/11686

Pag 16


Anti-Blastocystis Activity in Vitro of Egyptian Herbal Extracts (Family:

Asteraceae) with Emphasis on Artemisia judaica

Amira B Mokhtar 1 2

, Shahira A Ahmed 3, Enas E Eltamany

4, Panagiotis Karanis

5

1Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia

45122, Egypt. [email protected]. 2Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf

University, Al-Qurayyat 77413, Saudi Arabia. [email protected]. 3Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia

45122, Egypt. [email protected]. 4Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia

45122, Egypt. [email protected]. 5University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, 50937 Cologne, Germany.

Abstract

Achillea fragrantissima (Forssk.) Sch. Bip. (known as Qaysoom), Echinops spinosus L.

(known as Shoak Elgamal) and Artemisia judaica L.(known Shih Baladi) are members of

the Asteraceae family known for their traditional medical use in Egypt. The ethanol

extracts of these plants were evaluated for their efficacy against a protozoan parasite

(Blastocystis). Two different molecular subtypes of Blastocystis were used (ST1 and ST3).

Significant growth inhibition of Blastocystis was observed when exposed to both A.

judaica (99.3%) and A. fragrantissima (95.6%) with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC90)

at 2000 µg/mL. Under the effect of the extracts, changes in Blastocystis morphology were

noted, with the complete destruction of Blastocystis forms after 72 h with the dose of 4000

µg/mL. Different subtypes displayed different responses to the herbal extracts tested. ST1

exhibited significantly different responses to the herbal extracts compared to ST3. A.

judaica was selected as the herb of choice considering all of its variables and because of

its effective action against Blastocystis. It was then exposed to further fractionation and

observation of its effect on ST1 and ST3. Solvent portioned fractions (dichloromethane

(DCM), ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and n-hexane) in A. judaica were found to be the potent

active fractions against both of the Blastocystis subtypes used.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

2019

16(9):1555

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Mokhtar+AB&cauthor_id=31058875





https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Eltamany+EE&cauthor_id=31058875


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Karanis+P&cauthor_id=31058875


Pag 17


Sex-specific difference in outcome after cardiac resynchronization therapy

Ahmed S. Beela1,2, Ju¨ rgen Duchenne1, Aniela Petrescu1, Serkan U ¨ nlu¨ 1,Martin Penicka3, Svend Aakhus4, StefanWinter5, Marit Aarones6,Evangelos Stefanidis4,Wolfgang

Fehske5, Rik Willems1, Mariola Szulik7,Tomasz Kukulski7, Lothar Faber8, Agnieszka Ciarka1, Aleksandar N. Neskovic9,Ivan Stankovic9, and Jens-Uwe Voigt1*

1Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49,

Leuven 3000, Belgium; 2Department of Cardiovascular Diseases,Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, km

4.5 Ring road, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; 3Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center Aalst, OLV Clinic, Aalst,

Belgium;4Department of Circulation and Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science

and Technology, Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim,Norway; 5Department of Internal Medicine

and Cardiology, Klinik fu¨r Innere Medizin und Kardiologie, St. Vinzenz Hospital, Cologne, Germany; 6Department

of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; 7Department of Cardiology, Congenital Heart Diseases

and Electrotherapy, Silesian Center for Heart Diseases, Silesian University of Medicine, Zabrze, Poland;

8Department of Cardiology, Heart and Diabetes Centre of North-Rhine Westphalia, Ruhr University Bochum, Bad

Oeynhausen, Germany; and 9Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Hospital Centre Zemun,

University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia

Abstract

Aims: Observation of better outcome in women after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has led to

controversies about a potential sex-specific response. In this study, we investigated to which extent this sex-

specific difference in CRT outcome could be explained by differences in baseline characteristics between both

sexes.

Methods and results: We retrospectively analysed data from a multicentre registry of 1058 patients who

received CRT. Patients were examined by echocardiography before and 12 ± 6 months after implantation.

Response was defined as >_15% reduction of left ventricular end-systolic volume at follow-up. Patient’s

characteristics at baseline, including New York Heart Association class, ejection fraction, QRS width and

morphology, ischaemic aetiology of cardiomyopathy (ICM), number of scarred segments, age at implantation,

atrial fibrillation, and mechanical dyssynchrony (Dyss) were analysed. Patients were followed for a median

duration of 59 months. Primary end point was all-cause mortality. Women (24% of the population) had less ICM

(23% vs. 49%, P < 0.0001), less scarred segments (0.4 ± 1.3 vs. 1.0 ± 2.1, P < 0.0001), more left bundle branch

block (LBBB; 87% vs. 80%, P = 0.01), and more Dyss at baseline (78% vs. 57%, P < 0.0001). Without matching

baseline differences, women showed better survival (log rank P < 0.0001). After matching, survival was similar

(log rank P = 0.58). In multivariable analysis, female sex was no independent predictor of neither volumetric

response (P = 0.06) nor survival (P = 0.31).

Conclusion: Our data suggest that the repeatedly observed better outcome in women after CRT is mainly due

to the lower rate ICM and smaller scars. When comparing patients with similar baseline characteristics, the

response of both sexes to CRT is similar. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

European Heart Journal- Cardiovascular Imaging 2019 0, 1–8

Pag 18


Assessment of mechanical dyssynchrony can improve the prognostic value of guideline-based patient selection for cardiac resynchronization therapy

Ahmed S. Beela1,2, Serkan U ¨ nlu¨ 1, Ju¨ rgen Duchenne1, Agnieszka Ciarka1, Ana Maria Daraban3, Martin Kotrc4, Marit Aarones5, Mariola Szulik6, StefanWinter7, Martin Penicka8,

Aleksandar N. Neskovic9, Tomasz Kukulski6, Svend Aakhus10, Rik Willems1,Wolfgang Fehske7, Lothar Faber11, Ivan Stankovic9, and Jens-Uwe Voigt1*

1Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; 2Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, km 4.5 Ring road, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt; 3Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Clinical Emergency Hospital, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Carol Davila’, Bucharest, Romania; 4Department of Cardiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic; 5Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; 6Department of Cardiology, Congenital Heart Diseases and Electrotherapy, Silesian Center for Heart Diseases, Silesian University of Medicine, Silesia, Poland; 7Klinik fu¨r Innere Medizin und Kardiologie, St. Vinzenz Hospital, Cologne, Germany; 8Cardiovascular Center Aalst, OLV Clinic, Aalst, Belgium; 9Department of Cardiology, Clinical Hospital Centre Zemun, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; 10Department of Circulation and Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology and Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; and 11Department of Cardiology, Heart and Diabetes Centre of North-Rhine Westphalia, Ruhr University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany

Abstract

Aim: To determine if incorporation of assessment of mechanical dyssynchrony could improve the prognostic

value of patient selection based on current guidelines.

Methods and results : Echocardiography was performed in 1060 patients before and 12 ± 6 months after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) implantation. Mechanical dyssynchrony, defined as the presence of apical rocking or septal flash was visually assessed at the baseline examination. Response was defined as >_15% reduction in left ventricular endsystolic volume at follow-up. Patients were followed for a median of 59 months (interquartile range 37–86 months) for the occurrence of death of any cause. Applying the latest European guidelines retrospectively, 63.4% of the patients had been implanted with a Class I recommendation, 18.2% with Class IIa, 9.4% with Class IIb, and in 9% no clear therapy recommendation was present. Response rates were 65% in Class I, 50% in IIa, 38% in IIb patients, and 40% in patients without a clear guideline-based recommendation. Assessment of mechanical dyssynchrony improved response rates to 77% in Class I, 75% in IIa, 62% in IIb, and 69% in patients without a guideline-based recommendation. Non-significant difference in survival among guideline recommendation classes was found (Log-rank P = 0.2). Presence of mechanical dyssynchrony predicted long-term outcome better than guideline Classes I, IIa, IIb (Log-rank P < 0.0001, 0.006, 0.004, respectively) and in patients with no guideline recommendation (P = 0.02). Comparable results were observed using the latest American Guidelines.

Conclusion: Our data suggest that current guideline criteria for CRT candidate selection could be improved by incorporating assessment of mechanical asynchrony.

European Heart Journal- Cardiovascular Imaging 2019 0, 1–9

Pag 19


How Does Regional Hypertrophy Affect Strain Measurements With Different Speckle-Tracking Methods?

Ahmed Salem Beela

Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University (A.S.B.), Ismailia, Egypt.

Abstract

Background: In this study, we evaluate the impact of abnormal myocardial shapes, such as regional

hypertrophy, on longitudinal strain measurements with different tracking approaches.

Methods: We selected 40 patients with normal ejection fraction and prominent septal bulge. We

assessed longitudinal strain with full wall (FW) tracking, (GE EchoPAC) as well as endo-, mid-, and

epicardial (EME) tracking (Tomtec ImageArena), on the same image acquired with a GE machine

(using raw data and full frame rate DICOM data, respectively). We used a region of interest (ROI)

which follows precisely the endo- and epicardial contours (true contour ROI) and one where the

bulging region was excluded (straight ROI).

Results: In segments with bulge, absolute segmental longitudinal strain values were in all

myocardial layers significantly higher with a straight ROI compared to a true contour ROI, both with

FW tracking and EME tracking. The highest difference was found in the endocardial layer (3.4 6 2.5%

and 7.7 6 7.1%, respectively, both P < 0.001). In the bulged segments, the effect of ROI shape was

more pronounced in EME tracking software compared to FW tracking software. Bulged segments

also influenced global longitudinal strain measurements, mostly in the endocardial layer (P < 0.001).

Global longitudinal strain values obtained with the straight ROI correlated better with longitudinal

fractional shortening of the LV.

Conclusions: Regional bulging has a significant effect on both global and segmental strain

measurements. Endocardial strain values obtained with EME tracking and a true contour ROI were

most sensitive to bulging. Midwall strain values derived from FW tracking using a straight ROI were

most robust. (J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2019;-:---.)

Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography

2019 1450-(11):1444

Pag 20


Cardioprotective effect of green tea extract and vitamin E on Cisplatininduced cardiotoxicity in mice: Toxicological, histological and immunohistochemical studies

, Rasha M. Mahrous A. Ibrahima,b, Gamal A. Bakhaatc, Hany G. Tammamd⁎Naggare,-Sabry A. ElMohamedb,

a Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Aljouf, P.O box.2014, Postal Code: 42421, Saudi Arabia b Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University (SCU), Ismailia, Postal Code: 41522, Egypt c Department of Histology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Aljouf, KSA, and Al-Azhar University Faculty of Medicine, Assiut, Egypt d Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt e Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

Abstract

Background: Cisplatin (CP) has been used in wide range for cancer treatment. Although nephrotoxicity of CP was the main complication, cardiotoxicity has been reported. Objectives: This study investigates the protective role of green tea extract (GTE) and vitamin E (Vit-E) against CPinduced cardiotoxicity, and assesses their impact on CP antitumor efficacy. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight male albino Balb/c mice were randomly divided into six groups, 8 per/group (Gp) were included. Gp1 served as control; Gp2 and Gp3 received oral GTE (400 mg/kg) and Vit-E (100 mg/kg) for 30 consecutive days respectively. Gp4 had received CP (7 mg/kg i.p.) once on the 27th day; Gp5 had received GTE (400 mg/kg p.o.) for 30 days and CP (7 mg/kg i.p.) on the 27th day. Gp6 had received Vit-E (100 mg/kg p.o.) for 30 days and CP (7 mg/kg i.p.) on the 27th day. Blood and tissues samples were harvested for biochemical and histopathological investigations. To evaluate the effect of GTE and Vit-E on the antitumor efficacy of CP, 49 female albino mice were inoculated intraperitoneally by Ehrlich ascetic carcinoma -cells (2×106/ mouse) then treated with none, corn oil, CP, CP/GTE, CP/Vit-E, GTE or Vit-E. Results: CP injection significantly increased Troponin I, CPK, CK-MB, malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO) levels, while glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase levels were significantly reduced with disruption of cardiac muscle fibers, loss of striations, absence of intercalated disc, and the nuclei are pyknotic. Treatment with GTE and Vit-E improve the biochemical and histological parameters. Treatment with CP alone led to eradication of the tumor cells from the tumor-bearing mice. However, coadministration of GTE or Vit-E orally with CP did not interfere with its therapeutic effects. Conclusion: Treatment with GTE and Vit-E significantly ameliorated the CP cardiotoxicity and improved the myocardial histopathological architecture. GTE and Vit-E may be combined with CP to alleviate cardiotoxicity in cancer chemotherapy without interfering with its antitumor activity.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy

2019

108731 ):13(

Pag 21


Helicobacter pylori vacA, cagA and iceA genotypes in dyspeptic patients

from southwestern region, Saudi Arabia: distribution and association with

clinical outcomes and histopathological changes

Atef Shehata 2 3

2Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University,

Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 3Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, Egypt.

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to identify the common H. pylori virulence genes among dyspeptic Southwestern Saudi patients and their association with clinical outcomes and histopathological findings to help practitioners and researchers in the region for better management of infections caused by such bacteria. Methods: Four hundred two gastric biopsy specimens were analyzed using histopathological examination and real time-PCR. The positive 187 specimens by RT-PCR were genotyped using PCR targeting cagA, vacA and iceA genes. Results: One hundred twenty-eight gastric biopsy specimens were positive in genotyping PCRs. The cagA, vacA, iceA1 and iceA2 genes were detected in rates of 49.2% (63/128), 100%(128/128), 42.2% (54/128), 32.8% (42/128), respectively. The vacA s1as1bm2 subtype was the highest 23.4% (30/128), followed by m2 and s1a1b subtypes which were equally detected [16.4% (21/128) for each]. The iceA genes were significantly associated with gastritis and gastric ulcer. Overall, vacA genotypes were significantly associated with gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers. The vacA subtypes: s1as1bm2, s1a1b and s2 m2 showed chronic active gastritis in percentages of 90.0, 81, and 84.2%, respectively. All vacA mixed genotypes showed chronic active gastritis. Conclusions: H. pylori virulence genes are highly prevalent and diverse among patients with dyspepsia in Southwestern region of Saudi Arabia. The iceA genes and the different vacA subtypes are significantly associated with the clinical outcomes and histopathological changes especially chronic active gastritis.

BMC Gastroenterology

2019

19(1):16

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Shehata+A&cauthor_id=30683054



Pag 22


Maternal and neonatal vitamin D deficiency and transient tachypnea of the

newborn in full term neonates

Ahmed Omran 1, Heba Mousa

1, Mohamed Osama Abdalla

2, Osama Zekry

1

1Departments of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, Egypt. 2Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia,

Egypt.

Abstract

Aim: To investigate the association between maternal and neonatal serum 25-

hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels and development of transient tachypnea of the newborn

(TTN) in full term infants.

Methods: This was a prospective case-control study carried out on 30 neonates with TTN

and their mothers and 30 control neonates and their mothers. Levels of 25-OHD were

measured in maternal and neonatal blood samples that were obtained in the first 12–24 h

of postnatal age.

Results: Both maternal and neonatal 25-OHD levels in the TTN group were significantly

lower compared to the control group (P=0.0001). A negative correlation was observed

between neonatal 25-OHD level and average hospital stay (P=0.0001).

Conclusion: We observed that lower maternal and neonatal vitamin 25-OHD levels were

associated with TTN development in full term infants.

Journal of Perinatal Medicine

2018

1060-46(9), 1057

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Omran+A&cauthor_id=29267176


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Mousa+H&cauthor_id=29267176


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Abdalla+MO&cauthor_id=29267176


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Zekry+O&cauthor_id=29267176


Pag 23


The association of CD40 polymorphism (rs1883832C/T) and soluble CD40 with the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus among Egyptian patients

Taghreed G Mousa 1, Hanan H Omar

1, Rasha Emad

2, Mona I Salama

2, Waleed

Omar 3, Mohamed Fawzy

3, Howayda M Hassoba

4

1Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.

2Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt.

3Internal Medicine Department, Nephrology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia,

Egypt. 4Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.

Abstract

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disorder of unknown etiology. Considerable evidence supports a genetic basis for susceptibility to SLE. Genetic and functional data suggested the CD40 receptor (CD40) and CD40 ligand (CD40L) as strong candidate genes for SLE. Aim: To investigate whether CD40 gene rs1883832 C/T single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and/or soluble CD40 (sCD40) are associated with SLE in the Egyptian population. Subjects and methods: The study included a hundred SLE patients, and a fifty age- and gender-matched healthy control subjects. CD40 gene rs1883832 C/T genotyping was carried out using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), while sCD40 levels were measured by ELISA. Results: CD40 rs1883832C/T genotypes (CC, TT, and CT) as well as CD40 alleles (C and T) did not differ between SLE patients and normal control (p = 0.63, 0.37, and 0.31 respectively). Though did not reach statistical significance, carriers of genotype CT had 1.5 times more chance to develop SLE compared to wild homozygous CC genotype carriers (OR 1.44), while carriers of genotype TT had ~ 2 times more chance to have SLE than CC carries (OR 1.96). Accordingly, the carriers of the T allele had ¬ 1.5 times more chance to get SLE compared to the carriers of the C allele (OR 1.4). The serum sCD40 level was significantly higher in SLE patients compared to healthy control (3.4 vs. 0.8 ng/mL, p < 0.001). In SLE patients, using CC as the reference genotype, serum sCD40 level was significantly higher in the carriers of the homozygous genotype TT (3.8 ± 1.3 vs. 2.9 ± 1.9, p = 0.0001), and T allele (3.6 ± 1.4 vs. 3.0 ± 1.5, p = 0.003). Moreover, sCD40 could discriminate SLE patients from normal subjects at a cutoff value of 0.885 ng/mL with 98% sensitivity and 96% specificity (AUC = 0.999, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The study did not prove CD40 gene (rs1883832 C/T) polymorphism as a clear risk factor of SLE in this cohort of Egyptian patients, though it was highly likely associated with the carriers of T allele. In the same context, significant high sCD40 levels were observed in the T allele carriers.

Clinical Rheumatology 2019

784-(3):777

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Mousa+TG&cauthor_id=30374748


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Omar+HH&cauthor_id=30374748


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Emad+R&cauthor_id=30374748


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Salama+MI&cauthor_id=30374748


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Omar+W&cauthor_id=30374748

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Omar+W&cauthor_id=30374748


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Fawzy+M&cauthor_id=30374748


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Hassoba+HM&cauthor_id=30374748


Pag 24


Jizanpeptins, Cyanobacterial Protease Inhibitors from a Symploca sp.

Cyanobacterium Collected in the Red Sea

David A. Gallegos,† Josep Saurí, ‡ Ryan D. Cohen,§ Xuemei Wan,† Patrick Videau,⊥ Alec O. Vallota-

Eastman,† Lamiaa A. Shaala,∥ Diaa T. A. Youssef,# R. Thomas Williamson,§ Gary E. Martin,§

Benjamin Philmus,† Aleksandra E. Sikora,† Jane E. Ishmael,† and Kerry L. McPhail*,†

† Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis,

Oregon 97331, United States

‡ Structure Elucidation Group, Process and Analytical Research and Development, Merck & Co.,

Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States

§ Structure Elucidation Group, Process and Analytical Research and Development, Merck & Co.,

Inc., 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States

⊥Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Dakota State University, Madison, South

Dakota 57042, United States ∥ Suez Canal University Hospital, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522,

Egypt

# Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589,

Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Jizanpeptins A−E (1−5) are micropeptin depsipeptides isolated from a Red Sea specimen

of a Symploca sp. cyanobacterium. The planar structures of the jizanpeptins were

established using NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry and contain 3-amino-6-

hydroxy-2-piperidone (Ahp) as one of eight residues in a typical micropeptin motif, as well

as a side chain terminal glyceric acid sulfate moiety. The absolute configurations of the

jizanpeptins were assigned using a combination of Marfey’s methodology and chiral-

phase HPLC analysis of hydrolysis products compared to commercial and synthesized

standards. Jizanpeptins A−E showed specific inhibition of the serine protease trypsin

(IC50 = 72 nM to 1 μM) compared to chymotrypsin (IC50 = 1.4 to >10 μM) in vitro and were

not overtly cytotoxic to HeLa cervical or NCI-H460 lung cancer cell lines at micromolar

concentrations.

Journal of National Products 2018

(6), 1417-1425

Pag 25


Pattern and interpretation of hepatitis B virus markers among pregnant women in North East Egypt

Rania Kishk 1, Mohamed Mandour

2, Mohamed Elprince

3, Ayman Salem

4, Nader

Nemr 5, Mohammed Eida

5, Mostafa Ragheb

5

1Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, Egypt. [email protected]. 2Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia,

Egypt. 3Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, Egypt. 4Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.

5Endemic and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, Egypt.

Abstract

Introduction: Hepatitis B vaccination of newborns (HBV) and surveillance of pregnant women during antenatal care are complementary to prevent mother to child transmission (MTCT) of HBV infection. Aim: The aim was to identify the prevalence and pattern of HBV infection in pregnant women born before and after implementing HBV vaccination of newborn in Egypt. Methods: The study included 600 women attended antenatal clinic of the Suez Canal University Hospital, Ismailia, Egypt. All were inquired about risk factors of HBV infection, vaccination, and screened for hepatitis markers. HBsAg carriers were tested for HBeAg, HBeAb, ALT, and HBV DNA. Participants were divided into group 1 of 285 (47.5%) vaccinated women ≤ 25 years, and 315 (52.5%) non-vaccinated > 25 years. Results: The prevalence of HBcAg, HBsAg, and HBsAb were 18.3%, 5.0%, and 30.7%. Of the 110 women exposed to infection, 40 (36.4%) cleared infection, 30 (27.2%) were HBsAg carriers, and 40 (36.4%) showed isolated HBcAb. HBsAg carriers were HBeAg negative, HBeAb positive, and HBV-DNA positive and had high ALT. Group 1 had significantly higher frequency of vaccination-related immunity, lower frequency of isolated HBcAb, and susceptibles than group 2 (44.9%, 3.5%, and 38.6% vs. 4.1%, 9.5%, and 75.9% ). The prevalence of HBV exposure and chronic HBsAb carriers in both groups were close (4.9% and 16.5% for group 1 vs. 5.1% and 20% for group 2, p > 0.05). Conclusion: Although the outcomes of HBV infection were favorable in vaccinated group, chronic HBV represents a potential risk for MTCT that necessitates screening during pregnancy in all public health care settings.

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 2019

600-(2):593

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Kishk+R&cauthor_id=31677078


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Mandour+M&cauthor_id=31677078


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Elprince+M&cauthor_id=31677078


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Salem+A&cauthor_id=31677078


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Nemr+N&cauthor_id=31677078

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Nemr+N&cauthor_id=31677078


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Eida+M&cauthor_id=31677078


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Ragheb+M&cauthor_id=31677078



Pag 26


Neuroprotective effect of levetiracetam in mouse diabetic retinopathy: Effect on glucose transporter-1 and GAP43 expression

Hala M F Mohammad 1, Manal M Sami

2, Samy Makary

3, Eman A Toraih

4, Amany O

Mohamed 5, Sabah H El-Ghaiesh

6

1Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; Central Lab., Center of Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Medicine (CEMCM), Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt. 2Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.

3Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.

4Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal

University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; Molecular Lab, Center of Excellence of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt. 5Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.

6Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt; Department of

Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. Electronic

Abstract

Aims: Retinopathy is a neurodegenerative complication associating diabetes mellitus. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the primary reason of visual loss during early adulthood. DR has a complicated multifactorial pathophysiology initiated by hyperglycaemia-induced ischaemic neurodegenerative retinal changes, followed by vision-threatening consequences. The main therapeutic modalities for DR involve invasive delivery of intravitreal antiangiogenic agents as well as surgical interventions. The current work aimed to explore the potential anti-inflammatory and retinal neuroprotective effects of levetiracetam. Main methods: This study was performed on alloxan-induced diabetes in mice (n: 21). After 10 weeks, a group of diabetic animals (n: 7) was treated with levetiracetam (25 mg/kg) for six weeks. Retinal tissues were dissected and paraffin-fixed for examination using (1) morphometric analysis with haematoxylin and eosin (HE), (2) immunohistochemistry (GLUT1, GFAP and GAP43), and (3) RT-PCR-detected expression of retinal inflammatory and apoptotic mediators (TNF-α, IL6, iNOS, NF-κB and Tp53). Key findings: Diabetic mice developed disorganized and debilitated retinal layers with upregulation of the gliosis marker GFAP and downregulation of the neuronal plasticity marker GAP43. Additionally, diabetic retinae showed increased transcription of NF-κB, TNF-α, IL6, iNOS and Tp53. Levetiracetam-treated mice showed downregulation of retinal GLUT1 with relief and regression of retinal inflammation and improved retinal structural organization. Significance: Levetiracetam may represent a potential neuroprotective agent in DR. The data presented herein supported an anti-inflammatory role of levetiracetam. However, further clinical studies may be warranted to confirm the effectiveness and safety of levetiracetam in DR patients.

Life Sciences

2019

116588):232(

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Mohammad+HMF&cauthor_id=31226418


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Sami+MM&cauthor_id=31226418


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Makary+S&cauthor_id=31226418


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Toraih+EA&cauthor_id=31226418


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Mohamed+AO&cauthor_id=31226418

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Mohamed+AO&cauthor_id=31226418


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=El-Ghaiesh+SH&cauthor_id=31226418


Pag 27


Role of lumbar spine signal intensity measurement by MRI in the diagnosis

of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women

Maha M. Saad1 , Ahmed Tohamy Ahmed1*, Khaled E. Mohamed2 and Mohamed R. Habba1

1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Background: Osteoporosis is a worldwide health problem and a common cause of bone fractures; the most common type of osteoporosis is post-menopausal type. MRI has a role in the diagnosis of osteoporosis and can be used as a screening tool, so the purpose of our study was to define a quantitative MRI-based score (M-score) for the detection of lumbar spine osteoporosis and to evaluate the correlation between lumbar spine signal intensity measured by MRI and BMD (bone mineral density) in post-menopausal women. Our case-control study involved 100 cases (50 old post-menopausal females as a case group and 50 healthy females as a control group of matched age). Both groups were subjected to history taking, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), and conventional lumbar MRI. DEXA was performed for the lumbar spine and all scores (T-score, Z-score, BMD) were calculated. Lumbar MRI was performed (sagittal T1WI and T2WI) from L1–L4 levels. SNRL1–L4 and M-score were calculated from T1W images. Results: All DEXA scores were significantly lower in post-menopausal females compared to the control group (P < 0.0001). Meanwhile, SNRL1–L4 and M-score were significantly higher among cases than controls (P < 0.0001). The diagnostic threshold of SNRL1–L4 and M-score for distinguishing osteoporotic from non-osteoporotic females was 104.5 for SNRL1–L4 with a sensitivity of 94%, specificity 60%, positive predictive values (PPV) 31%, and negative predictive values (NPV) 98%, and 3.5 for M-score with a sensitivity of 93.3%, specificity 83.5%, PPV 50%, and NPV 98.6%. SNRL1–L4 was negatively correlated with M-score (r = − 0.74, P < 0.0001), T-score (r = − 0.42, P < 0.0001), Zscore (r = − 0.32, P < 0.0001), and BMD (r = − 0.31, P < 0.0001). M-score was negatively correlated with T-score (r = − 0.48, P < 0.0001), Z-score (r = − 0.36, P < 0.0001), and BMD (r = − 0.37, P < 0.0001). M-score moderately agreed with Tscore (κ = 0.5, P < 0.0001). Conclusion: The MRI-based score (M-score) of the lumbar spine is an accurate quantitative method for distinguishing osteoporotic from non-osteoporotic females. M-score and SNRL1–L4 are significantly correlated with osteoporotic indices (T-score and BMD).

Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine

2019 50:35

Pag 28


Characterization of plasmid-mediated qnrA and qnrB genes among Enterobacteriaceae strains: quinolone resistance and ESBL production in Ismailia, Egypt

Samaa A. Taha1,2, Hanan Hassan Omar3* and wafaa Hassan Hassan4

3 Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia,

Egypt

Abstract

Background: Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes (PMQR) are mainly associated with clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae and complicate treatment of infections caused by these isolates worldwide. Extended-spectrumbeta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria are resistant to common antibiotics and also through many mechanisms, ESBL could be disabling other types of antibiotics. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of quinolone resistance and ESBL among Enterobacteriaceae strains and investigated the presence of qnrA and qnrB genes in these strains which were isolated from urinary tract infections in Ismailia, Egypt. Ninety-four Enterobacteriaceae isolates were collected from cases of UTIs admitted to the intensive care unit, Suez-Canal University Hospitals, between October 2017 and January 2018. Antibacterial susceptibility was determined by the disk diffusion method. A polymerase chain reaction assay was used to detect qnrA and qnrB resistance genes in quinolone- and fluoroquinolone-resistant and ESBL strains. Also, ciprofloxacin MIC was determined by the agar dilution method. Results: Resistance rates were 59.6%, 54.3%, 53.2%, 53.2%, and 53.2% to NA, LEV, NOR, CIP, and FX, respectively. Of 56 NA-resistant isolates, 7 (12.5%) and 6 (10.7%) were positive for qnrA and qnrB, respectively, with only one isolate coharboring both genes. ESBL-producing bacteria was 66.2% of isolates. The MICs for ciprofloxacin ranged from 32–256 μg/ml in ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates. Conclusion: Our study shows high resistance rates of Enterobacteriaceae to quinolones and ESBL in our hospital which necessitate appropriate use of these antibiotics to reserve their application for therapy. The prevalence of quinolone-resistant and ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae was approximately 60% and 70% respectively.

Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics

2019 26-20

Pag 29


25-hydroxyvitamin D Deficiency and Predictive Factors in Patients with

Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Asmaa H Ibrahim

1, Hanan H Omar

2, Amal M Imam

1, Amany M Hassan

2, Hamdy Omar

3

1Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia,

Egypt. 2Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia,

Egypt. 3Department of Internal Medicine , Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia,

Egypt.

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia.

Type 2 diabetes is a global health problem and leading to many dangerous complications.

Diabetic nephropathy is a significant microvascular complication resulting from diabetes

mellitus that is affecting up to 50% of patients with end stage renal disease. Vitamin D

deficiency may occur due to many different factors and is associated with many serious

diseases as diabetic nephropathy. To investigate the 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency and

predictive factors in patients with diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus. One

hundred type 2diabetic patients were divided into two groups according to Alb/creat ratio

to diabetic patients with and without nephropathy and 50 non-diabetic controls. We

measured the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in all the study populations. The mean

serum level of 25 (OH) D was significantly decreased in patients with diabetic nephropathy

(13.41±4.99 ng/ml, P=0.002). There was a significant correlation with vitamin D deficiency

and the patients residency and also a significant positive correlation with eGFR (r = 0.317,

P = 0.025) and a significant negative correlation with Alb/creat Ratio(r = -0.323, P = 0.022).

The significant best-fitting predictors of vitamin D deficiency were living in rural area

(OR=4.030, P < 0.021) and eGFR < 60 (OR=5.412, P < 0.034). In conclusion, vitamin D

deficiency is prevalent in patients with diabetic nephropathy living in rural areas. Low

eGFR < 60, Alb/creat ratio more than 30 mg/24h and HbA1c > 9 could be considered as

predictive factors of vitamin D deficiency in these patients.

The Egyptian journal of immunology 2018

20-(2):11

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Ibrahim+AH&cauthor_id=30600944


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Omar+HH&cauthor_id=30600944


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Imam+AM&cauthor_id=30600944


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Hassan+AM&cauthor_id=30600944


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Omar+H&cauthor_id=30600944


Pag 30


Pag 31


Protective Effects of Garlic and Cinnamon Oils on Hepatocellular

Carcinoma in Albino Rats

Salah M. Aly1 , Hamdy A. Fetaih,

1 Abeer A. I. Hassanin,

2 Mosleh M. Abomughaid ,

3and

Aliaa A. Ismail1

1Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia,

Egypt 2Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal

University, Ismailia, Egypt 3Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences,

University of Bisha, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Natural oils are traditional medicinal herbs, which have attracted interests for its potential

anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. The present work is aimed at evaluating the

protective effect of garlic oil and cinnamon oil on diethylnitrosamine-(DENA-) and 2-

acetylaminofluorene- (2-AAF-) induced p53 gene mutation and hepatocarcinogenesis in

rats. Forty male albino rats were divided into 4 equal groups: control, hepatocellular

carcinoma (HCC), garlic oil-HCC, and cinnamon oil-HCC. The HCC-induced group showed

a significant decrease in the body mass and a significant elevation in the liver weight,

alphafetoprotein (AFP), liver enzymes, hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA), and p53 protein

expression levels as well as genetic mutations in intron 5 of p53 gene in the form of

Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertions. In addition, the glutathione

(GSH) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were increased. While HCC rats

pretreated with garlic oil or cinnamon oil were significantly reversed, these destructive

actions increased GSH and SOD levels. The HCC-induced group showed histopathological

features of liver cancer including hypercellularity, nuclear hyperchromasia, mitotic figures,

and preneoplastic foci. On the other hand, HCC rats pretreated with garlic oil or cinnamon

oil revealed partial reversal of normal liver architecture. The present findings proposed

that these natural oils have the ability to improve liver function, significantly reduced the

liver toxicity and HCC development. However, further sophisticated studies are

recommended before their use as conventional therapeutics for HCC treatment.

Analytical Cellular Pathology 2019

15 pages

Pag 32


Lycopene and resveratrol ameliorate zinc oxide nanoparticles-

induced oxidative stress in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

Mohamed M. Abdel-Daima,⁎, Ismail A.M. Eissab, Ahmed Abdeenc, Hany M.R. Abdel-Latifd, Mona Ismailb, Mahmoud A.O. Dawoode, Ahmed M. Hassanf

a Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt b Fish Diseases and Management Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt c Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh 13736, Egypt d Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina 22758, Behera, Egypt e Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt f Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522,

Egypt

Abstract

Industrial products contained nano-zinc oxide (ZnONP) can gain access to the aquaculture environment causing hazardous effects on the living biota. Therefore, this work was planned to examine the ameliorative effects of dietary supplementation of lycopene (LYC), resveratrol (RES) against ZnONP toxicity in Nile tilapia. Five groups with 20 fish each were used; Control, received tap water only; ZnONP group, was intoxicated with ZnONP (50 mg/L); ZnONP-LYC group, was exposed to ZnONP and LYC (500 mg/ kg of the diet); ZnONP-RES group, was exposed to ZnONP and RES (50 mg/kg of the diet); ZnONP-LYC-RES group, was exposed to ZnONP and a combination of LYC and RES. The experiment was continued for 30 days. Fish blood and tissues were then assembled for determination of liver and kidney function and oxidative stress status in liver, kidney, and gills tissue. Results revealed a considerable elevation of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), cholesterol, urea, and creatinine with a noticeable lowering of total proteins and albumin serum levels in response to ZnONP intoxication. In addition, there were significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduction in the reduced-glutathione (GSH) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities. However, treatment with LYC and/or RES ameliorated the ZnONP-inflicted oxidative stress which possibly attributed to their beneficial antioxidant activities.

Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 2019

(69)

Pag 33


Application of quasi-emulsification and modified double emulsification

techniques for formulation of tacrolimus microsponges

Muhammad Zaman1 Sundus Qureshi1 Kishwar Sultana1 Muhammad Hanif2 Asif

Mahmood1 Zaib Ali Shaheryar1 Faisal Gulzar1 Kashif Barkat1 Mohamed M Abdel-Daim3

1Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan; 2Department of Pharmacy,

Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan; 3Department of Pharmacology, Suez

Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract Background: The present study was to develop a stable and sustained-release delivery system of

tacrolimus (TCM). TCM is a macrolide antibiotic used as an immunosuppressant. It is formulated as

a microsponge, which is a safe and effective delivery system with reduced side effects.

Materials and methods: The method used to prepare ethyl cellulose (EC) and xanthan gum (XG)-

facilitated EC-based microsponges employed emulsification and modified double emulsification

techniques. TCM-containing microsponges were prepared using varying concentrations followed by

evaluation of micromeritics, compatibility of drug and excipients, production yield, drug content and

entrapment efficiency, zeta potential, size distribution and drug release.

Results: The results showed excellent flow properties with adequate entrapment efficiency of the

system and satisfactory release of active pharmaceutical ingredient. In vitro dissolution studies,

which were conducted to determine the amount of drug released, illustrated a pronounced sustained

effect up to 8 h. Zeta size and zeta potential analysis of microsponges confirmed the existence of

micro-sized (1.99–3.09 µm) and stable particles (-15.33 to -3.38 mV), respectively.

Conclusion: Conclusively, the applied technique and selected combination of ingredients were

found suitable for the preparation of TCM-containing sustained-release microsponges.

International Journal of Nanomedicine

2018

(13) 4537—4548

Pag 34


Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) leaf extract alleviates myocardial and renal

dysfunction associated with sepsis in mice

Mohamed A. Dkhila,b, Rami B. Kassabb,⁎, Saleh Al-Quraishya, Mohamed M. Abdel-Daimc,Rafat Zrieqd, Ahmed E. Abdel Moneimb

a Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia b Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt c Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt d Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Ziziphus spina-christi (L.), a traditional Arabian medicinal herb, has been used by Egyptians (Bedouin and Nubian) to treat inflammatory symptoms and swellings, pain, and heat since long. We aimed to investigate whether Ziziphus spina-christi leaf extract (ZSCLE) exerted a myocardial and renal protective effect on mice in which sepsis had been induced with cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Male C57BL/6 mice were divided randomly into six groups (n = 7): sham-operated group, sham-operated mice treated with ZSCLE (300 mg/kg), CLP-induced sepsis group, ZSCLE (100 mg/kg)-treated group, ZSCLE (200 mg/kg)-treated group, and ZSCLE (300 mg/kg)-treated group. Pretreatment with ZSCLE (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg) restored the normal heart rate (HR); decreased the elevated levels of malondialdehyde; the activity of myeloperoxidase, nitric oxide (NO), and inducible NO synthase; and the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), but increased the content of glutathione and antioxidant enzyme activities in mice with sepsis. Moreover, the results of biochemical analyses and qRT-PCR indicated that ZSCLE treatment lowered the level of cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin (IL)-1β. Additionally, ZSCLE reduced myocardial and renal apoptosis by inducing the downregulation of caspase-3 and Bax mRNA and upregulation of the expression of Bcl-2. Based on these results, we suggest that ZSCLE has a protective effect against multiple-organ impairment that follows sepsis. This effect may be attributed to the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities of ZSCLE.

Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy

2018

(102) 64-75

https://www.scopus.com/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85046023892&origin=resultslist&sort=plf-f&src=s&sid=9e520f1fd50a2bc42f0b75f9bc26ed71&sot=a&sdt=a&sl=63&s=AU-ID%28%22Abdel-Daim%2c+Mohamed+M.%22+24764783600%29+AND+PUBYEAR+IS+2018&relpos=10&citeCnt=11&searchTerm=


https://www.scopus.com/sourceid/28620?origin=resultslist

Pag 35


In-ovo exposed carbon black nanoparticles altered mRNA gene transcripts of antioxidants, proinflammatory and apoptotic pathways in the brain of chicken embryos

Dalia H. Samaka, Yasser S. El-Sayeda,∗ , Hazem M. Shaheenb, Ali H. El-Farc, Atsuto Onodad,e,Mohamed M. Abdel-Daimf,g,∗ ∗ , Masakazu Umezawad

a Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt b Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt c Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt d The Center for Environmental Health Science for the Next Generation, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan e Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan f Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt g Department of Ophthalmology and Micro-Technology, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan

Abstract

With ubiquitous applications of nanotechnology, there are increasing probabilities of exposure to manufactured nanoparticles (NPs), which might be posing emerging health concerns on the next generation. Recent data suggest that generation of reactive oxygen species may play an integral role in the carbon black nanoparticles (CBNPs)-induced oxidative injury; however, the exact molecular mechanism has not been clarified. Hence, the role of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis pathways in the CBNPs-induced neuronal toxicity following in-ovo exposure of chicken embryo was elucidated. Specific pathogen-free fertilized Sasso eggs were inoculated with 4.8, 9.5 and 14 μg CBNPs/egg at the 3rd day of incubation alongside vehicle controls. In a concentrationdependent manner, CBNPs inoculation induced oxidative stress, which was ascertained by enhancement of lipid peroxides and diminishing total antioxidant capacity and glutathione levels, and catalase activity in brain tissues. mRNA transcript levels of antioxidant genes showed up-regulation of heme oxygenase-1 and superoxide dismutase-1, with marked down-regulation of glutathione S-transferase-α. Additionally, the pro-inflammatory genes; nuclear factor-κB1 was up-regulated, while interferon-γ was down-regulated. There is also a clear downregulation in apoptotic markers caspase-8, caspase-3, cytochrome c and B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 at the different concentrations, while caspase-2 is up-regulated only at higher concentration. Collectively, these results show that CBNPs exposure-mediated overproduction of the free radicals, particularly at higher concentration contributes to inflammation and subsequent cellular apoptosis at the gene expression level, thus unveiling possible molecular relationship between CBNPs and genes linked to the oxidant, inflammatory and apoptotic responses.

Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy

2018

(295)133–139

https://www.scopus.com/sourceid/28620?origin=resultslist

Pag 36


Therapeutic effect of the alkaloid extract of the cyanobacterium Spirulina

platensis on the lipid profile of hypercholesterolemic male rabbits

Faris S. Kata1 & Ahmed M. Athbi1 & Entisar Q. Manwar1 & Ahmed Al-Ashoor2,3 & Mohamed M.

Abdel-Daim4 & Lotfi Aleya3

1 Biology Department, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq

2 Biology Department, College of Science, University of Thi Qar, Al Nasiriyah IQ-64001, Iraq

3 Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, F-

25030 Besançon Cedex, France 4 Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez

Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt

Abstract

The authors’ objectives are to investigate the therapeutic effect of alkaloid extract of

cyanobacteria Spirulina platensis on the lipid profile of hypercholesterolemic male rabbits

and to identify the active compounds in the alkaloid extract. Male rabbits were divided into

four groups of six animals. The intact rabbits in the first group served as a negative

control. The second group served as a positive control (hypercholesterolemic rabbits).

Over a 4-week period, hypercholesterolemic rabbits in the third group received a low dose

of alkaloid extract (33 mg/kg), and the hypercholesterolemic rabbits in the fourth group

received a high dose (66 mg/kg). The results revealed that both doses of alkaloid extract

significantly decreased levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins (LDL),

and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) when compared to the control group, whereas

the high-density lipoproteins (HDL) increased significantly compared to the control group.

The active compounds in the alkaloid extract were identified using GC-mass. The most

abundant compounds found in the extract were 1-(+)-ascorbic acid 2,6- dihexadecanoate,

9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z, Z)-, hexadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1- (hydroxymethyl) ethyl

ester, and gamolenic acid.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2018 (25) 19635–19642

https://www.scopus.com/sourceid/23918?origin=recordpage


Pag 37


Attenuating effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester and betaine on

abamectin-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity

Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim1 & Suhair A. Abdellatief2

1 Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University,


2 Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig

44511, Egypt

Abstract Abamectin (ABM) is a widely utilized potent anthelmintic and insecticidal agent. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and betaine (BET) against ABM-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rats. Forty rats were divided into five groups, receiving either oral saline solution (normal control), oral ABMat a dose of 2 mg/kgBW (1/5 LD50), CAPE (10 μmol/kg Wintraperitoneally) followed by ABM, or BET supplementation at a dose of 250 mg/kg BW followed by ABMadministration, while group Vrats received a combination of i.p. CAPE and oral BET in the same doses before receiving ABM. Biochemical analysis showed that ABM administration significantly (p < 0.05) increased serum levels of aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and cholesterol, as well as serum creatinine and urea. Compared to the control group, ABM-intoxicated rats had significantly (p < 0.05) higher tissue concentrations of nitric oxide and malondialdehyde, as well as lower tissue glutathione concentration, total antioxidant capacity, and antioxidant enzymatic activity (glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase). Histopathological examination of hepatic and renal tissues of ABM-intoxicated rats showed acute inflammatory and necrotic changes. Pretreatment with CAPE and/or BET reversed the biochemical and histopathological alterations of ABM on the liver and kidneys. Therefore, CAPE and BET (alone or in combination) could be promising protective agents against ABM-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Future studies should confirm our findings and evaluate the other molecular effects are involved in the combination chemoprotection of CAPE and BET.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2018 (25) 15909–15917





Pag 38


Protective effects of rosuvastatin and vitamin E against fipronil-mediated

oxidative damage and apoptosis in rat liver and kidney.

Mohamed M. Abdel-Daima,∗ , Ahmed Abdeenb

a Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt b Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha

University, Toukh 13736, Egypt

Abstract

Fipronil (FPN) is a phenylpyrazole insecticide that is extensively used in agriculture and

veterinary applications. However, FPN is also a potent environmental toxicant to animals

and humans. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the protective role of

rosuvastatin (ROSU) and vitamin E (Vit E) against FPN-induced hepatorenal toxicity in

albino rats. Seven groups with eight rats each were used for this purpose; these groups

included the control vehicle group that received corn oil, the Vit E group (1000 mg/kg,

orally), the ROSU group (10 mg/kg, orally), the FPN group (20 mg/kg, orally), the FPN-

ROSU group, the FPN-Vit E group, and the FPNVit E-ROSU group. The results revealed

that FPN significantly increased serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate

aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, cholesterol, urea, and

creatinine. In addition, there were substantial increases in the liver and kidney contents of

malondialdehyde and nitric oxide, along with significant decreases in glutathione,

superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. FPN also caused histological

changes and increased the expression of caspase-3 in the liver and kidney tissues.

However, administration of ROSU and Vit E alone or in combination ameliorated the FPN-

induced oxidative damage and apoptosis, possibly through their antioxidant properties.

Food and Chemical Toxicology 2018

(114) 69–77

Pag 39


Lycopene Attenuates Tulathromycin and Diclofenac Sodium-Induced

Cardiotoxicity in Mice

Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim 1,* ID , Rasha Eltaysh 2, Azza Hassan 3 and Shaker A. Mousa 4 ID

1 Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt 2 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; [email protected] 3 Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12122, Egypt; [email protected] 4 Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, New York, NY 12144, USA; [email protected]

Abstract

Recent experiments showed a potential cardiotoxic effect of the macrolide antibiotic (tulathromycin). This study was performed to investigate whether diclofenac sodium (DFS) potentiates the cardiotoxicity of tulathromycin and increases the cardioprotective effects of lycopene against DFS and tulathromycin. Seven groups (eight per group) of adult Swiss albino mice received saline (control), tulathromycin (a single subcutaneous dose of 28 mg/kg/bw on day 14), DFS (a single oral dose of 100 mg/kg/bw on day 14), tulathromycin plus DFS, or lycopene (oral, 10 mg/kg/bw daily for 15 d) combined with tulathromycin, DFS, or both. Compared to the control group, the administration of tulathromycin or DFS (individually or in combination) caused significantly elevated (p < 0.05) serum levels of Creatine kinase-myocardial B fraction (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase, and cardiac-specific troponin-T and tissue levels of nitric oxide and malondialdehyde that were accompanied by significantly decreased tissue reduced glutathione content and glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase antioxidant enzyme activity. Upon histopathological and immunohistochemical examination, the mean pathology scores and the percentages of caspase-3-, Bax-, and CK-positive regions were significantly higher in the tulathromycin- and/or DFS-treated groups than in control mice. For all these parameters, the pathological changes were more significant in the tulathromycin–DFS combination group than in mice treated with either drug individually. Interestingly, co-administration of lycopene with tulathromycin and/or DFS significantly ameliorated the changes described above. In conclusion, DFS could potentiate the cardiotoxic effects of tulathromycin, whereas lycopene can serve as a cardioprotective agent against DFS and tulathromycin.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2018

19(2): 344

Pag 40


Identification and mapping of brain natriuretic peptide in the normal

ventricular myocardium of a desert ‐ dwelling mammalian model, the camel

( Camelus dromedarius): Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study

3

| Hany E. Marei 2

| Naoto Minamino 1

Hamid K. Osman‐Abdel

1Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal

University, Ismailia, Egypt 2Department of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan 3Department of Biomedical Sciences, Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha,

Qatar

Abstract Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is mainly produced in the ventricular myocardium, where it is

released into the circulation, producing rapid volume decrease by diuresis, natriuresis, and water

shift into the extracellular space, and vasodilation. The dromedary camel, a mammalian model of the

desert nomads, lives under unfavorable physiological stresses during thirst, starvation, desiccation,

and hot climate, thus has a special demand for water homeostasis. The present studies

characterized BNP in the ventricular myocardium of healthy camels, immunohistochemically with a

specific antibody, and ultrastructurally identified the endocrine property of the cardiomyocytes and

Purkinje fibers. The paranuclear, granular, immunoreactive material was not restricted to the

cardiomyocytes, as it was also visible in the Purkinje fibers and their associated nerve varicosities.

The intensity of immunoreactive BNP showed a transmural gradient from the subepicardium to the

myocardium. Intense immunoreactivity was also noted among the perivascular cardiomyocytes. At

the electron microscopic level, specific granules were demonstrated in the paranuclear cytosol of

cardiomyocytes and Purkinje fibers. The current study provides the first immunohistochemical

localization pattern of BNP in the camel myocardium and suggests a relationship between the

intense subepicardial BNP ‐immunoexpression and a possible translocation of the active hormone to

the pericardial fluid for further paracrine actions on the heart and its coronaries.

Journal of cellular physiology 2019

234:3067–3077

Pag 41


The occurrence of the multidrug resistance (MDR) and the prevalence of virulence genes and QACs resistance genes in E. coli isolated from environmental and avian sources

Mohamed E. Enany1, Abdelazeem M. Algammal

1*, Soad A. Nasef

2, Sara A. M. Abo‑Eillil

2,

May Bin‑Jumah3, Ayman E. Taha

4 and Ahmed A. Allam

5

1 Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal

University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.

2 Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health

Research Institute, Giza, Egypt.

3 Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box

24428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.

4 Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,

Alexandria University, Edfina 22578, Egypt.

5 Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni‑Suef 6521,Egypt.

Abstract Colibacillosis is a major disease affecting poultry leads to high morbidity and mortality which

causing tremendous economic losses worldwide. These economic disparities are amplified among

low and middle-income where sanitation and hygiene are challenged by the increasing demand for

quality sources of animal protein. With a view to investigating the prevalence of virulence genes and

QACs resistance genes as well as monitoring the antibiogram of E. coli strains, a total of 368

specimens were collected from diseased broiler chickens (n = 226) and environmental sources (n =

142) at large-scale poultry farms in Ismailia Governorate, Egypt. The bacteriological examination

proved that E. coli prevalence was 26.76% and 50.44% in the farm environment and diseased

broilers, respectively. In tandem,the isolated E. coli strains were serogrouped, determining the most

common serotypes were O78, O1:H7, O91:H21and O126. Isolates were tested for antimicrobial

susceptibility against 12 antibiotics, screened for 4 virulence genes (iss, papC, eaeA, and cfaI), and

screened for 3 QACs resistance genes (qacEΔ1, qacA/B, and qacC/D). All the tested strains were

positive for iss and papC genes, only 20.3% of the tested strains were positive for eaeA gene,

moreover, theexamined strains were negative to CFAI gene. Furthermore, all the tested strains were

positive for qacEΔ1, qacA/B, and qacC/D genes. In conclusion; virulence genes (iss, papC) as well as

QACs resistance genes are common in avian PathogenicE. coli and environmental strains and are

mainly associated with multi-drug resistance phenomena.

AMB Express

2019

9:192

Pag 42


Potential efficiency of conventional and advanced approaches used to

detect Mycobacterium bovis in cattle

Abdelazeem M. Algammala, Ali Wahdan

a, Mahmoud M. Elhaig

b

a Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt b Department of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,

Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt

Abstract

The present study was aimed to assess the prevalence and efficiency of techniques for the

diagnosis of bovinetuberculosis (bTB) including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

(ELISA), Gamma interferon assay (IFN-γ) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in

comparison to skin tuberculin test and culture technique. A total of 2600cross-breed dairy

cattle in Menoufia and Daqahlia governorates were tested by the single intradermal

tuberculin test where the disease prevalence was 1.8%. Serum and whole blood samples

were collected from positive tuberculin reactors for ELISA and IFN-γ assay, respectively.

After slaughtering of positive tuberculin reactors, the post-mortem examination was

carried out and tissue samples were collected for the bacteriological examination and

PCR. The percentage of visible lesions of tuberculin reactors was 78.7%, while non-visible

lesions were 21.27%. Culture technique revealed that the percentage of bTB was 63.8%.

The ELISA and IFN-γ assay using short-term culture filtrate (ST-CF) prepared antigen

revealed higher sensitivity (72.3% and 82.9%) than the bovine purified protein derivative

(PPD-B) antigen. Although prepared ST-CF antigen has great efficiency and eligibility for

the diagnosis of bTB, PCR appeared to have a higher sensitivity (85.1%) than other

diagnostic methods when dealing with post-mortem samples. Gamma interferon assay

using ST-CF antigen is recommended for antemortem diagnosis of bTB in cattle.

Microbial Pathogenesis

2019

(134) 103574

Pag 43


Molecular typing and evaluation of Sidr honey inhibitory effect on Virulence

genes of MRSA strains isolated from catfish in Egypt

Mohamed Elsayed Enany1 , Abdelazeem Mohamed Algammal

1, Gehan Ibrahim Shagar

2,

Amr Mohamed Hanora3, Wael Kamel Elfeil

4 and Noha Mohamed Elshaffy

2

1Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 2Department of Fish Health and Care, Central Lab for Fisheries Research, AL-Abassa, Egypt 3Pharmaceutical Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 4Department of Avian and Rabbit Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Fish represent a worldwide significant source of animal protein. In order to investigate the

prevalence of MRSA in catfish as well as the inhibitory effect of Sidr honey on virulence genes of

MRSA, fish were collected from Bahr Elbaker canal at Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. Swab samples

were collected under complete aseptic conditions frominternal organs (pancreas, liver, kidney and

intestine), gills and skin then subjected to bacteriological examination. A total of 70 S. aureus strains

were isolated from catfish, out of them 15 (21.42%) strains were identified as MRSA as a first record

in Egypt. PCR was used for detection of meca, coa and spa genes in the isolated MRSA strains

before and after the exposure to sidr honey. Before exposure to sider honey, all the selected MRSA

strains showed positive results for meca, coa and spa genes with specific amplicon size of 310 bp,

430 bp and 226 bp, respectively. After exposure to sidr honey, MRSA strains showed inhibition of

coa and spa genes, but has no effect on meca gene. In addition, scanning electron microscopy was

used for detection of the morphological characters of MRSA strains before and after treatment with

sidr honey. After exposure of MRSA strains to 30% (w/v) Sidr honey for 48 hours, cells surfaces were

observable irregular with the appearance of cell debris. In conclusion, MRSA strains could be

isolated from fresh water catfish in Egypt which may be attributed to the contamination of water and

fish food. Sider honey showed a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of isolated MRSA strains.

Moreover, it could inhibit spa and coa genes. SEM is a valuable tool revealing the abnormal

morphological changes that take place in MRSA strains after exposure to Sidr honey.

Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2018 (31) 1865-1870

Pag 44


Pathogenicity, genetic typing, and antibiotic sensitivity of Vibrio

alginolyticus isolated from Oreochromis niloticus and Tilapia zillii

M.e. el-sayed

1 , a.m. algammal

1*, m.e. abouel-atta

2, m. Mabrok

3, a.m. emam

2

1Department of Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,

Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.

2Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Abbassa, Sharkia, Egypt.

3Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez

Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.

Abstract

Although Vibrio alginolyticus has been depicted as an omnipresent species in the marine

environment, few studies accentuate their incidence in a brackish water system. The

present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of V. alginolyticus in Tilapia zillii and

Oreochromis niloticus as a comparative study. The genetic and phenotypic

characterization, as well as the antibiotic susceptibility of all isolates, were considered. A

total of 140 fish, 70 of each species were collected randomly from Temsah lake and

brackish water farms at Ismailia governorate, Egypt and were subjected to clinical and

bacteriological examinations. Most of the examined fish displayed skin hemorrhages,

corneal opacity, and friable liver. The prevalence of V. alginolyticus was 48.6% and 35.7%

in T. zillii and O. niloticus, respectively. PCR was performed using sets of primer targeting

16sr RNA gene, where all strains were positive with amplicon size 663 bp. Most of the

isolated strains were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and florfenicol while showed high

resistance to erythromycin and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. Experimentally infected

species with V. alginoltyicus showed variable mortalities and proposed a higher

susceptibility of marine species. The current study gave insight into the role of water

salinity on disease occurrence and emphasized the importance of phenotypic and

genotypic characterization in disease diagnosis.

Revue de medecine veterinaire

2019

(31) 1865-1870

Pag 45


Prevalence, molecular typing, and antimicrobial resistance of bacterial

pathogens isolated from ducks

Hamza M. Eid1, Abdelazeem M. Algammal

1, Wael K. Elfeil

2, Fatma M. Youssef

3, Sawsan M.

Harb3 and Ehab M. Abd-Allah

4

1. Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt 2. Department of Avian and Rabbit Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt 3.Department of Clinical Pathology , Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12618, Egypt 4. Veterinary Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of different bacterial species affecting ducks as well as

demonstrating the antimicrobial susceptibility and molecular typing of the isolated strains.

Materials and Methods: A total of 500 samples were randomly collected from different duck farms at

Ismailia Governorate, Egypt. The collected samples were subjected to the bacteriological examination.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied for amplification of Kmt1 gene of Pasteurella multocida and X

region of protein-A (spA) gene of the isolated Staphylococcus aureus strains to ensure their virulence. The

antibiotic sensitivity test was carried out.

Results: The most common pathogens isolated from apparently healthy and diseased ducks were P. multocida

(10.4% and 25.2%), Escherichia coli (3.6% and 22.8%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (10% and 8.8%),

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2% and 10%), and Proteus vulgaris (0.8% and 10%), respectively. In addition, S.

aureus and Salmonella spp. were isolated only from the diseased ducks with prevalence (12.2%) and (2.8%),

respectively. Serotyping of the isolated E. coli strains revealed that 25 E. coli strains were belonged to five

different serovars O1, O18, O111, O78, and O26, whereas three strains were untypable. Salmonella serotyping

showed that all the isolated strains were Salmonella Typhimurium. PCR revealed that four tested P. multocida

strains were positive for Kmt1 gene with specific amplicon size 460 bp, while three strains were negative. In

addition, all the tested S. aureus strains were positive for spA gene with specific amplicon size 226 bp. The

antibiotic sensitivity test revealed that most of the isolated strains were sensitive to enrofloxacin, norfloxacin,

and ciprofloxacin.

Conclusion: P. multocida is the most predominant microorganism isolated from apparently healthy and

diseased ducks followed by E. coli and Staphylococci. The combination of both phenotypic and genotypic

characterization is more reliable an epidemiological tool for identification of bacterial pathogens affecting ducks.

Veterinary World

2019

12(5): 677-683

Pag 46


Molecular cloning and cellular expression of the cholesterol synthesizing

enzymes during the prenatal development of the optic nerve in the

dromedary camel (Camelus Dromedarius)

Elsayed Metwallya,b,⁎,

Sameh Mohamed Farouka, Abdel-Hamid Kamel Osman

a

aDepartment of Cytology & Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal

University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt bState Key Laboratory of Development Biology, Institute of Genetics & Developmental

Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

Abstract

The Cholesterol-synthesizing proteins (HMGCS1 and HMGCS2) are mitochondrial enzymes

that believed to catalyze the first reaction of ketogenesis, the process by which energy is

provided from fats in the absence of carbohydrates. Typically, astrocytes developed from

its progenitor cells in the embryonic optic nerve and enriched with HMGCS1 and 2.

However, the detailed histomorphology of camel HMGCS1 and 2 remains to be clearly

defined. Here, we investigated the changes that associate with astrocytes differentiation

within the developing camel optic nerve. Firstly, we isolated cDNAs encoding HMGCS1

and 2 from the optic nerve. Then, we found that HMGCS1 shared high similarity to human,

while HMGCS2 showed a lower similarity and was more diverse. Immunohistochemical

studies revealed that distinct correlation of astrocytes differentiation with HMGCS1 and 2

expressions in the developing camel optic nerve. Both encoded proteins were localized

throughout the cytoplasm, as well as the nuclei of the astrocytes. In addition, semi-

quantitative PCR analysis and western analysis confirmed that both HMGCS1 and 2 were

highly expressed in camel optic nerve as well as other tissue, but they were lower in both

skeletal and heart muscles. Moreover, various stains such as Sudan black and florescence

filipin stains were used to visualize the free cholesterol in the astrocytes, indicating the

enzymatic activity of HMGCS1 and 2. Together, our study reported the first comprehensive

investigation of the molecular cloning and cellular expression of HMGCS1 and 2 in the

optic nerve of dromedary camel.

Acta Histochemica

2019

121(5):584-594

Pag 47


Ovarian stimulation induces high expression of interleukin-1ß and disrupts

the histological features of the fallopian tube

Mahmoud MOUSSA1, Sameh Mohamed FAROUK

2

1Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, Egypt



Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate whether there is an association between

ovarian stimulation and interrupted gamete interaction in the rat fallopian tube in vivo. We

evaluated the protein expression of interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) via immunohistochemistry and

assessed the key histological features of the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and uteri of the rats

following treatment with mild (15 IU) and high (30 IU) doses of gonadotropins compared to

an unstimulated control group. The serum concentration of estradiol was also determined

by immunoassay. The results revealed that high levels of circulating estrogen were

associated with higher expression of the IL-1ß protein in the ovaries and fallopian tubes of

highly stimulated rats than in those of the mildly stimulated and unstimulated control

groups. In contrast, endometrial IL-1ß immunoexpression was not affected by ovarian

stimulation. The histological features of the fallopian tubes were also dramatically altered

upon ovarian stimulation, reducing the efficiency of the fallopian tube. In conclusion, the

resulting high circulating estrogen level disrupts the histological features of the fallopian

tubes and can lead to higher expression of IL-1ß, thus negatively affecting gamete

interactions in vivo. These results provide useful information regarding the lower

fertilization rate observed following ovarian stimulation.

Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences

2019 43: 186-196

Pag 48


Vesicles Stage of Camel Brain Development

3ABDO, Mohamed;

2ELSAYED, Ahmed K ;

2HASSAN, Said A ;

1FAROUK, Sameh M


University, 41522, Ismailia, Egypt. 2 Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal

University, 41522, Ismailia, Egypt. 3 Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of

Sadat City, 32511 Egypt.

Abstract

A successive embryonic developmental study was conducted on the brain of twenty eight

embryos and fetuses of one humped camel (Camelus Dromedarius), whose crown

vertebral rump lengths (CVRL) ranged from 9 to 80 mm, collected from the El-Basateen

(Cairo) and Belbees (ElSharqya) Slaughterhouse. The current investigation revealed that

camel brain was found to consist of fore, mid and hind brains. The fore brain is divided

into telencephalon and diencephalon while the rhombencephalon divided into

metencephalon and myelencephalon. Flexures appeared between the vesicles are cervical

flexure between the rhomencephalon and the spinal cord, cephalic flexure in the

mesencephalon and pontine flexure between the metencephalon, and the myelencephalon

of the hind brain (rhombencephalon). The cavity of the rhombencephalon is the fourth

ventricle, while that of the diencephalon is the third ventricle, and those of the

telencephalon are the lateral ventricles but that of mid brain is the cerebral aqueduct.

myelencephalon becomes medulla oblongata and metencephalon developed to pons and

cerebellum while mesencephalon gives rise to the cerebral crura and anterior and a

posterior colliculus. Diencephalon gives the thalamus, hypothalamus, mamillary body,

infundibulum and pineal body while telencephalon becomes the cerebral hemispheres and

corpus striatum.

International Journal of Morphology

2019

503-498 (37)

https://scielo.conicyt.cl/cgi-bin/wxis.exe/iah/?IsisScript=iah/iah.xis&base=article%5Edlibrary&format=iso.pft&lang=p&nextAction=lnk&indexSearch=AU&exprSearch=ABDO,+MOHAMED

https://scielo.conicyt.cl/cgi-bin/wxis.exe/iah/?IsisScript=iah/iah.xis&base=article%5Edlibrary&format=iso.pft&lang=p&nextAction=lnk&indexSearch=AU&exprSearch=ELSAYED,+AHMED+K

https://scielo.conicyt.cl/cgi-bin/wxis.exe/iah/?IsisScript=iah/iah.xis&base=article%5Edlibrary&format=iso.pft&lang=p&nextAction=lnk&indexSearch=AU&exprSearch=HASSAN,+SAID+A

https://scielo.conicyt.cl/cgi-bin/wxis.exe/iah/?IsisScript=iah/iah.xis&base=article%5Edlibrary&format=iso.pft&lang=p&nextAction=lnk&indexSearch=AU&exprSearch=FAROUK,+SAMEH+M

Pag 49


Expression of glial cells molecules in the optic nerve of adult dromedary

camel (Camelus dromedarius): A histological and immunohistochemical

analysis

Metwally E1,2

, Farouk SM2, Hossain MS

1, Raihan O

3.

1State Key Laboratory of Molecular Development Biology, Institute of Genetics &

Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. 2Department of Cytology & Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal

University, Ismailia, Egypt. 3Jessore University of Science and Technology, Jessore, Bangladesh.

Abstract

The optic nerve (ON) is an important organ in the visual system of animals, which transfers electrical impulses towards the brain from the retina. High enrichment of glial cells in ON is known to support neuron and regulate retinal homoeostasis. However, research on immunohistochemical of glial cells proteins in the camel is scanty in available literature. Hence, the current work is an attempt to investigate the histomorphology of camel ON with regard to the expression patterns of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), myelin basic protein (MBP) and Iba1 for the three glial subtypes, namely astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and microglia, respectively. Optic nerves from fourteen dromedary camels were dissected and preserved in 10% formalin. Then, the paraffin-embedding sections were subjected for histochemical and immunohistochemical analysis. Our results demonstrated that ON axons aggregate into fascicles that surrounded by light and densely stained glial cells. Then, we examined the myelin sheath using Heidenhain's and Mallory's phosphotungstic acid staining. Immunoassay results revealed that GFAP is enriched in the ON and distributed evenly, whereas MBP and Iba1 were present at scanty levels. Further analysis of mRNA level of GFAP, MBP and Iba1 in the ON confirmed an elevation of GFAP expression compared to MBP and Iba1. We further found partial co-localization of different types of glial cells that reflect their coordinated function in the ON. Although our data provide the first evidence for differential expression pattern of glial proteins, further molecular studies still required to reveal the specific function of these molecules in the camel ON.

Anatoma Histologia Embryologia

2019

48 (1):74-86

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Metwally%20E%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=30450567

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Farouk%20SM%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=30450567

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Hossain%20MS%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=30450567

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Raihan%20O%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=30450567

Pag 50


Morphological and functional comparison of lingual papillae in suckling

and adult feral cats: Forensic evidence.

Haddad S1, Noreldin AE

2, Kamal B

1, Abdeen A

3, Farouk SM

4, Abbott LC

5, Abdo M

1.

1Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City,

Sadat City, Egypt. 2Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University,

Damanhour, Egypt. 3Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University,

Toukh, Egypt. 4Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, Egypt. 5Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical

Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.

Abstract

Feral cats are considered as strays and are more likely to hunt in the street. We investigated the

effect of environmental adaptations on the structures of lingual papillae in feral cats, which could be

used as forensic evidence for their identification. There are no reported studies about the structural

comparison of lingual papillae between suckling and adult feral cats. The present study described

the lingual papillae of both suckling and adult cats macroscopically and microscopically via light

and scanning electron microscopy. A total of nine tongue samples each for suckling and adult feral

cats were examined grossly and histologically. Papillae distributions of suckling cats were similar to

those observed in adult cats. Meanwhile, the shapes of those papillae were markedly different from

that of corresponding papillae in adults. The change in taste bud position and size seemed to be

related to the progressive growth of the papillae between adult and suckling cats; absence of taste

buds in foliate papillae of feral cats at any stage; and marginal papillae which were a characteristic

feature for all suckling cats. All previous elements could be affected by the specific feeding

behaviour and mastication mode adaptation in suckling and adult feral cats which might help to

identify suckling and adult feral cats among other breeds and animal species. We anticipate these

findings may provide promising forensic evidence to discriminate between adult and suckling feral

cat remains as well as prediction of environmental harshness and feeding behaviour.

Anatoma Histologia Embryologia

2019

48(5):404-414

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Haddad%20S%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=31259436

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Noreldin%20AE%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=31259436

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Kamal%20B%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=31259436

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Abdeen%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=31259436

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Farouk%20SM%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=31259436

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Abbott%20LC%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=31259436

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Abdo%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=31259436

Pag 51


Hepatoprotective activity of Uncaria tomentosa extract against sub-chronic

exposure to fipronil in male rats

Elgawish RA1, Abdelrazek HMA

2, Ismail SAA

3, Loutfy NM

4, Soliman MTA

5

1 Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez

Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt. [email protected]. 2 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, 41522, Egypt. 3 Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University,

Zagazig, Egypt. 4

Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt. 5 Department of Clinical Pathology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Bisha University,

Bisha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Abstract

The effects of fipronil (FPN) on the liver of rats were studied. Rats (n = 6) were treated

with 9.7 mg/kg (1/10 of FPN LD50), and other rats (n = 6) received 120 mg/kg of

10% Uncaria tomentosa extract, while a mixture of 9.7 mg/kg FPN and 120 mg/kg of

10% Uncaria tomentosa extract were administered orally to the rats (n = 6) daily for

6 weeks. Body, hepatic weights, liver enzymes, and lipid profile were determined.

Hepatic activities of MDA, TNO, TAC, TNF-α, and IL-6 in liver homogenate were

measured. Immunohistochemistry of NF-kB and liver histopathology were performed.

Fipronil-treated rats had a significant (P = 0.02) lower weight gain. Moreover, relative liver

weight was significantly (P = 0.003) increased in FPN-treated rats. Rats administrated

with FPN exhibited a significantly (P = 0.02) higher liver enzymes and promoted levels of

MDA, TNO, TNF-α, and IL-6 (P < 0.0001) than that in the other groups. Immunostaining of

NF-κB was increased (P < 0.0001) in FPN-treated rats. Interestingly, Uncaria

tomentosa alone or with FPN decreased the liver immunostaining of NF-κB. In

conclusion, FPN produced liver injury through lipid peroxidation and stimulation of NF-

κB. However, Uncaria tomentosa combated the oxidative stress and liver damage

induced by FPN via inhibition of NF-κB.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2019

207–199 ):26(

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Elgawish%20RA%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=30387063

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Abdelrazek%20HMA%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=30387063

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Ismail%20SAA%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=30387063

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Loutfy%20NM%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=30387063

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Soliman%20MTA%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=30387063



Pag 52


Soy Isoflavones Ameliorate Metabolic and Immunological Alterations of Ovariectomy in Female Wistar Rats: Antioxidant and Estrogen Sparing Potential

Heba M. A. Abdelrazek,1 Manal M. A. Mahmoud,

2 Hend M. Tag,

3,4 Sahar M. Greish,

5,6 Dalia A.

Eltamany,7 and Mohammed T. A. Soliman

8

1Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

2Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, Egypt 3Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Arts-Khulais, University of Jeddah, PO Box 355,

ISIN Code 21-921, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 4Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Suez Canal University, PO Box 41522, Egypt

5Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

6Basic Medical Science Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Badr University in Cairo, Egypt

7Nutrition and Food Science, Home Economic Department, Faculty of Education, Suez Canal

University, Ismailia, Egypt 8College of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of

Bisha, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) can alleviate estrogen deficiency symptoms especially during menopause. The present study aimed at investigating the effect of soy isoflavones as HRT on immunological and bone health-related parameters with a special focus on the interactions between immunological status and metabolism. Thirty healthy cyclic female Wistar rats were used in this experiment. Ten females were sham-operated, and 20 females were subjected to ovariectomy. Overiectomized (OVX) female rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: the control group (G1, OVX/casein) was fed a casein-based diet, and the second group (G2, OVX/soy) was fed a high soy isoflavone diet. Both groups were compared to a sham-operated group (G3, sham/casein). Treatments continued for 7 weeks. Feed intake, weight gain, and lymphoid organ relative weights were recorded. Some metabolic, immunological, and bone health-related parameters were measured. Moreover, nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were determined. Bone histopathology and immunohistochemistry to estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) were done. Feeding soy to OVX females reduced feed intake, weight gain, relative lymphoid organ weight, and T-lymphocytes transformation. Soy isoflavone administration normalized nearly all metabolic and immunological parameters to a level comparable to the sham group via oxidative stress amelioration and bone ERα promotion. Soy isoflavones seemed to be good HRT in estrogen deprivation which modulated the appetite, weight gain, lipid profile, proinflammation, and bone turnover.

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2019

1-13

https://www.hindawi.com/12734864/







Pag 53


Cancer: Thymoquinone antioxidant/pro-oxidant effect as potential

anticancer remedy

Yasmina K. Mahmouda, Heba M.A. Abdelrazekb,⁎

a Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt b Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt

Abstract

Recently, there is growing interest in the natural bioactive components having anticancer

activity. Thymoquinone (TQ), the principle active constituent of black seed (Nigella sativa),

has promising properties including anticancer and chemosensitizing peculiarities. The

anticancer power of TQ is accomplished by severalaspects; including promotion of

apoptosis, arrest of cell cycle and ROS generation. In addition, it boosts the immune

system and lessens the side effects associated with traditional anticancer therapy. TQ also

controls angiogenesis and cancer metastasis. This review focuses on the potential

aspects and mechanisms by which TQ acquires its actions.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy

2019

1-14(115)

Pag 54


Associations between metabolic profiles, post-partum delayed resumption of ovarian function and reproductive performance in Egyptian buffalo: Roles of IGF-1 and antioxidants

Doaa H.Elsayeda, Heba M.A.Abdelrazek

b, Adel A.S.El Nabtiti

c, Yasmina K.Mahmoud

d, Noura

E.Abd El-Hameede

aDepartment of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia,

Egypt bDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522,

Egypt cDepartment of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, Egypt

dDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

eDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt

Abstract

This study was conducted on 47 pluriparous pregnant Egyptian buffalo. Body condition score (BCS) was classified and blood samples were collected pre-partum and post-partum for estimation of IGF-1, hormonal, metabolic and antioxidants values. There was palpation per rectum and ultrasonography in addition to quantitation of progesterone (P4) and estradiol-17β (E-17β) for monitoring post-partum ovarian resumption. Reproductive indices were calculated 60, 90, 120 and 150 days post-partum. Based on the concentrations of P4 and E-17β, buffalo were divided into ovulatory and non-ovulatory groups. The P4 and E-17β were greater (P < 0.001) in ovulatory compared to non-ovulatory buffalo. The BCS and IGF-1 post-partum were greater (P =  0.024; 0.001, respectively) in ovulatory than non-ovulatory buffalo. Glucose and albumin were greater during pre- (P < 0.001; 0.013) and post-partum (P = 0.005; 0.003) periods in ovulatory than non-ovulatory buffalo. Post-partum, NEFA and BHBA concentrations were greater (P < 0.001) in non-ovulatory than ovulatory buffalo. The BUN concentrations were greater (P =  0.002) in non-ovulatory buffalo during pre- and post-partum periods. There were differences in GSH and SOD concentrations between groups (P < 0.001; 0.002, respectively). The BCS, albumin, IGF-1, GSH and SOD concentrations post-partum were negatively correlated with the delay of post-partum ovulation. The post-partum NEFA and BHBA concentrations, however, were positively correlated with delayed post-partum ovulation. Ovulatory buffalo had fewer (P < 0.01) days non-pregnant and for calving intervals as well as greater pregnancy rates than non-ovulatory buffalo. In conclusion, buffalo with delayed post-partum ovarian resumption were prone to have negative energy balance.

Animal Reproduction Science

2019

106134 (208)

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378432019302192#!






Pag 55


Effect of genistein on semen quality, antioxidant capacity, caspase-3

expression and DNA integrity in cryopreserved ram spermatozoa

Doaa H. Elsayed

a, Ayat A. El-Shamy

b, Heba M.A. Abdelrazek

c,⁎, D.A. El-Badry

b

a Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, Egypt b Artifcial Insemination and Embryo Transfer Dept., Animal Reproduction Research

Institute (ARRI), Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt c Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

The present study aimed to assess the impacts of different concentrations of genistein on freezability and functional integrity of ram spermatozoa. Five ejaculates were collected from each ram (n=6) twice weekly. Different levels of genistein (0, 1, 5, 10 and 100μM) were added to tris-egg yolk based extender (TBE) for extension and cryopreservation of semen. After thawing, samples were assessed for progressive forward motility (PFM), viability index, acrosomal and plasma membrane integrity. Furthermore, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), lipid peroxidation expressed as malondialdehyde (MDA), caspase-3 mRNA expression and comet assay for DNA integrity were estimated. PFM significantly (P < 0.05) lowered in 100 μM genistein at immediate, one and two hours post-thawing. However, post-thawing PFM at three hours significantly elevated (P < 0.05) in 10Μm genistein concentration compared to that in control TBE and 100 μM genistein. Addition of 10μM genistein to TBE significantly (P < 0.05) upgraded viability index, acrosome integrity and plasma membrane integrity as compared to those in other treatments. Levels of TAC significantly (P < 0.05) promoted in genistein (5, 10 and 100μM). MDA significantly (P < 0.05) lowered in genistein (10 and 100 μM) than in control and 1 μM genistein. Caspase-3 expression revealed a significant (P < 0.001) fold (0.53 ± 0.09) decrease in semen supplemented by 10 μM genistein as compared to other treatments. DNA% in comet tail significantly promoted in 5 and 10 μM genistein groups. In conclusion, adding 10μM genistein to TBE ameliorated the criteria of cryopreserved ram semen as well as down regulated caspase-3 expression with maximal reduction in DNA fragmentation.

Small Ruminant Research

2019

(177) 50-55

Pag 56


Development of a species-specific polymerase chain reaction for highly sensitive detection of Flavobacterium columnare targeting chondroitin AC lyase gene M. Mabrok

a,b,f, P. Chokmangmeepisarn

a,f, B.R. LaFrentz

c, P. Kayansamruaj

d, H.T. Dong

e,C.

Rodkhuma,f,∗

a Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn

University, Bangkok, Thailand b Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez

Canal University, Egypt c Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-

Agricultural Research Service, Auburn, AL, USA d Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand

e Department of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat

University, Bangkok, Thailand f Fish Infectious Diseases Research Unit (FID RU), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

Abstract Columnaris disease, caused by Flavobacterium columnare, is an acute infection of gills and fins, that exists worldwide and causes remarkable losses in freshwater fish. The 16S rRNA gene is not a good candidate for primer design, since this gene has high identity among species in the same genus. In the present study, we developed a species-specific PCR for detection of Flavobacterium columnare based on the chondroitin AC lyase (cslA) gene. The cslA gene sequence from 13 F. columnare strains were aligned to design a specific primer set, Fcol-F and Fcol-R, based on conserved region of the gene. The new primer set produced a specific amplicon of 287 bp from 83 isolates of F. columnare but not from related or other bacterial pathogens. The PCR was sensitive and detected up to 3 pg of genomic DNA and as few as 7 colony-forming units of bacteria. The sensitivity was decreased tenfold when F. columnare gDNA was spiked into tissue samples. The designed primers precisely amplified F. columnare from skin and gills of infected fish, but not in those of clinically healthy fish, reflecting their possible use for diagnostic purposes.

Aquaculture

2019

Pag 57


Epizootics of Pseudomonas anguilliseptica among cultured seabream

(Sparus aurata) populations: Control and treatment strategies

Amr Fadela, Mahmoud Mabrok

b, Salah Aly

c,∗

a Laboratory of Fish Diseases, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries,

Alexandria, Egypt b Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez

Canal University, Egypt c Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Egypt

Abstract The present study was investigating the clinical pictures, prevalence, as well as the ecological conditions associated with Pseudomonas anguilliseptica outbreaks in four cultured seabream, Sparus aurata farms at different localities in Egypt during winter of 2016. The phenotypic and genotypic patterns of Pseudomonas isolates were investigated. The existence of intraspecific heterogeneity among different isolates was analyzed using Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) technique. Attempts on disease control using antibiogram or dietary supplement were also considered. To achieve these goals, various commercial antibiotic discs were analyzed against Ps. anguilliseptica isolates using the disc diffusion method. Additionally, the impact of one-month dietary incorporation with 3% garlic extract or 0.5% potassium diformate on S. aurata viability and response for prolonged bathing treatment with florfenicol was evaluated following challenge with the virulent strain of Ps. anguilliseptica. Most of the naturally infected fish displayed spiral-swimming behavior with no obvious external lesions. The prevalence of infections in the four investigated farms (F1, F2, F3, and F4) were 44.9, 69.04, 67.72, and 83.4%, respectively. Water analysis revealed a significant variation in total hardness, pH, dissolved oxygen (D.O), ammonia and salinity among different localities. All isolates were rather uniform in most of the biochemical characteristics and were identical on the basis of RFLP analysis. The analyses of PAF-PAR gene pointed out specific amplification bands of 439 bp length. The antibiogram revealed a potential activity of florfenicol, ciprofloxacin, nitrofurantoin, and oxytetracycline against all isolates. Experimentally challenged fish fed on garlic extract or potassium diformate presented lower mortality and better therapeutic response to florfenicol than those fed on a normal basal diet. In conclusion, Ps. anguilliseptica is a prevalent pathogen among cultured seabream where dietary inclusion of 3% garlic extract or 0.5% potassium diformate seemed to improve seabream health status and subsequently, increase the efficacy of the treatment with the selective antibiotic.


2018

(121) 1–8

Pag 58


Effect of dietary supplementation with a synbiotic (Lacto Forte) on growth performance, haematological and histological profiles, the innate immune response and resistance to bacterial disease in Oreochromis niloticus

Mona Ismail1 | Ali Wahdan

2 | Mohamed, S. Yusuf

3 | Elsayed Metwally

4 |

Mahmoud Mabrok1

1Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez

Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 2Department of Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,

Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 3Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal

University, Ismailia, Egypt 4Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal


Abstract

This study investigated the effects of a synbiotic Lacto Forte on growth performance,

haemato‐immunological responses, plasma bactericidal capacity, histological profiles

and resistance of Oreochromis niloticus to Pseudomonas fluorescens. The experimental fish were

divided into three groups; two of them (T1 and T2) were given Lacto Forte incorporated diets at

increasing level (0.7 and 1.5 g/kg, respectively) and an additive‐free basal diet served as the control

(T0) for 30 and 45 days. At the end of the feeding trial, a challenge was performed using a virulent

strain of P. fluorescens and mortalities were recorded over an additional 14‐days period. The results

showed that Lacto Forte has a pronounced effect on haematological and growth performance

parameters at 1.5 g/kg rather than 0.5 g/kg (p < 0.05). Plasma lysozyme, proteases,

antiproteases and bactericidal capacity were significantly enhanced (p < 0.05) in

Lacto Forte‐treated groups, particularly after 45 days of supplementation. Long‐term

supplementation with Lacto Forte (1.5 g/kg) induced degenerative changes in the

liver, spleen and intestine. Additionally, a significant increase (p < 0.05) in survival

rates were found in Lacto Forte‐treated groups compared to the control one 14 days

post‐challenge. As a result, Lacto Forte fortifies tilapia immune response and can be

used as a surrogate for antibiotics to control P. fluorescens.

Aquaculture research

2019

(50) 2545-2562

Pag 59


Mucosal and systemic immune responses in Senegalese sole (Solea

senegalensis Kaup) bath challenged with Tenacibaculum maritimum: A

time-course study

F.A. Guardiol 1,2*

, M. Mabrok1,3

, M. Machado1,4

, R. Azeredo1, A. Afonso1,4

, M.A. Esteban2, B.

Costas1,4

* 1Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal

de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Porto, Portugal. 2Department of Cell Biology and Histology. Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia

Internacional “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.

3Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal

University. 4Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS-UP), University of Porto, Rua de Jorge

Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portuga

Abstract Tenacibaculosis, caused by Tenacibaculum maritimum, continues to inflict substantial losses among cultured marine species, particularly in the Senegalese sole. However, the immune mechanisms in fish involved in fighting against this disease are still poorly understood. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the skin mucus's terminal carbohydrate composition, several immune-related enzymes (i.e. lysozyme, peroxidase, proteases and antiproteases), the haemolytic activity of complement and the bactericidal activity in the skin mucus and plasma of the Senegalese sole in a time-course study following a bath challenge with T. maritimum. The haematological profile and the kinetics of cell migration post-infection were also considered. The bath challenge induced slight variations in the terminal carbohydrate composition of Senegalese sole skin mucus. In general, results from this study showed a delay in the mucosal immune response compared to that found at the systemic level (i.e. blood and plasma). For instance, a significant increase in the skin mucus's lysozyme, complement, protease and antiprotease activities were observed at the end of the experiment (14 d post-challenge). Interestingly, the higher activity of these enzymes could be related to the skin mucus's bactericidal capacity and haemolytic complement activity, suggesting that these enzymes play an important role in the defence against Gram-negative bacteria. The haematological profile revealed a significant increase in circulating neutrophils in challenged fish after 48 and 72 h, which was positively correlated to the increments observed in peroxidase and lysozyme activities, respectively, in the plasma of challenged fish at the same time. Although the route of entry and the survival strategy of T. maritimum are still not fully elucidated, results from the present study will contribute to this endeavour through the study of the mucosal immune responses of fish against this particular pathogen.

Fish Shellfish Immunology

2019

(87) 744-754

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/immunology-and-microbiology/lysozyme

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/lactoperoxidase

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/protease

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/immunology-and-microbiology/bactericidal-activity

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/immunology-and-microbiology/kinetics

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/immunology-and-microbiology/cell-migration

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/immunology-and-microbiology/mucosal-immune-response

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/gram-negative-bacteria

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/immunology-and-microbiology/neutrophil-granulocyte

Pag 60


“Alterations of pro inflammatory cytokines and tissue protein expression in

cats with interstitial cystitis”

Walaa I. Mohamaden1,2*, Rania Hamad3 and Hoda I. Bahr4

1Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia 41522, Egypt;

2College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;

3Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia

41522, Egypt;

4Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University,


Abstract Feline interstitial cystitis (FIC) is a chronic disease of the urinary system in cats. Our main objective is to investigate the concurrent changes in serum, urine and at the bladder tissue level in FIC affected cats which might provoke the observed clinical signs. Twelve adult cats were used in this study, six cats were suffering from signs of feline lower urinary tract dysfunction (FLUTD) and the other six were clinically healthy and served as the control group. All cats were clinically examined. Serum and urine samples were collected and tested for IL-6, IL-1 β, TNF-α level while total nitric oxide (TNO) was additionally tested in urine. Bladder tissue specimens were obtained for histopathological examination and immunohistochemical expression of mast cells (MC) tryptase, vasoactive growth factor-A (VAGF-A), E-cadherin and plasma glycoprotein (P-gp). There were significant increases in the serum levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α and in the urinary levels of IL-6, IL-1 β of affected cats in comparison to the control healthy ones. The immunohistochemical technique revealed a marked increase in the MC tryptase and VAGF-A in the bladder tissue of FIC cats compared to the control group, while E-cadherin and p-glycoprotein were significantly decreased. We concluded that mast cells and its released mediators play an important role in the pathogenesis of the interstitial cystitis in cats.

Pakistan Veterinary Journal

2019

(39) 151-156

Pag 61


Experimental infection in mice with Erwinia persicina”

Walaa I.Mohamadenabc1

ZhangZhen-fenab1

Ibrahim M.Hegababd

ShiShang-liab

aCollege of Grassland Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China

bKey Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Sino-U.S. Centres for

Grazing Land Ecosystem, China cDepartment of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, 41522, Egypt dDepartment of Hygiene, Zoonosis and Animal Behaviour and Management, Faculty of

Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt

Abstract

Erwinia persicinus (E. persicina) is a plant pathogenic bacterial species that was

previously isolated from a case of human infection. This study aimed to create an

experimental infection protocol for E. persicina in laboratory mice. Seventy-two adult mice

were divided into four groups (18 animal/group): the control group (G1), the group infected

with E. persicina (G2), the group immune-suppressed with cyclophosphamide (G3) and the

group immune-suppressed with cyclophosphamide and infected with E. persicina (G4). G2

and G4 were injected with 200 μL of (1 × 1013

 cfu/ml) concentration intraperitoneally.

Clinical signs, such as diarrhoea, apathy and mortality were observed only in G2 and G4

animals. E. persicina was not detected in blood. Necropsies of the G2 and G4 animals

showed lesions in the intestine, liver, kidney and lung tissue. These lesions were

characterized by infiltration of inflammatory cells, hyperaemia and focal areas of tissue

necrosis in the liver. The results of the pro-inflammatory cytokines analysis revealed a

significant increase in the levels of TNF-α and IL1-β in the liver tissue of the G4 group. E.

persicina is an emerging bacterium that can cause pathological lesions into mammalian

tissue, which warrants further investigation.


2019

(130) 38-43





https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08824010

Pag 62


Diagnostic tools of caprine and ovine anaplasmosis: a direct comparative

study

I. I. Shabana,1,2

N. M. Alhadlag,1 and H. Zaraket

3,4

1 Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al- madinah Al-munawarah,

Saudi Arabia

2 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology,


Abstract Background: The diagnosis of anaplasmosis is rather conflicting with other haemoprotozoans. Hence, the study aimed to compare and evaluate the efficiency of competitive ELISA (cELISA), indirect fluorescence antibody (IFA), and Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for precise diagnosis of Anaplasma spp. and to assess their concordance with microscopic examination (ME). Results: A total of 312 blood samples (189 sheep and 123 goats) were examined for Anaplasma infection during a 1 year period. Giemsa-stained blood smears were examined under the microscope. IFA and cELISA were used for the detection of Anaplasma spp. antibodies. PCR was used as a standard of truth and for the identification of Anaplasma species. Using cELISA assay, 47.4% (148) were positive (93 sheep and 55 goats) with a sensitivity and specificity of 91.9, and 86.9%, respectively. Using IFA, it was found that 57.4% (179)were positive (113 sheep and 66 goats) with a sensitivity and specificity of 100, and 93.3%, respectively. PCR assay identified A. ovis in 49 (25.3%) sheep and 30 (15.5%) goats, and A. phagocytophilumin 74 (38.1%) sheep and 41 (20.8%) goats. Conclusions: High sensitivity and specificity values of IFA and ELISA tests compared to microscopic examination strongly support their utility in the diagnosis of Anaplasma infection. PCR was a more specific diagnostic tool that allows to discriminate between Anaplasma subspecies, which makes it the method of choice for anaplasmosis diagnosis.

BMC Veterinary Research

2018

(14) 165

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Shabana%20II%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=29788965

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Alhadlag%20NM%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=29788965

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Zaraket%20H%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=29788965

Pag 63


Hepatorenal protective effects of taurine and N-acetylcysteine against

fipronil-induced injuries: The antioxidant status and apoptotic markers

expression in rats

Mohamed M. Abdel-Daima , Amina A. Dessouki

b, Haidy G. Abdel-Rahman

c, Rasha Eltaysh

d,

Saad Alkahtanie

a Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Egypt

b Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Egypt

c Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Egypt

d Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt

e Department of Zoology, Science College, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Fipronil (FPN), a commonly used phenylpyrazole pesticide can induce oxidative tissue damage

following hazard usage. Due to the extensive household and commercial usage of FPN, its toxic

effects on mammals received considerable attention. Finding the proper antioxidant that can

overcome FPN-induced damage is essential. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the

hepatorenal ameliorative outcomes of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) and taurine (TAU) against hepatorenal

damage induced by FPN in male Wistar rats. Compared to control rats, oral FPN (at a dose of 19.4

mg kg−1 BW for five successive days) significantly increased serum activities (p ≤ 0.05) of alkaline

phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase and transaminases, in addition to total cholesterol, urea and

creatinine levels. Moreover, FPN provoked oxidative damage indicated by increased

malondialdehyde and nitric oxide formation and decreased glutathione concentration and activities

of enzymatic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase) in the

hepatic and renal tissues. Furthermore, FPN administration induced overexpression of the

proapoptotic (Bax), while it downregulated the expression of the antiapoptotic (Bcl-2) protein.

Interestingly, oral administration of TAU (50 mg Kg−1 BW) and NAC (50 mg Kg−1 BW), alone or in

combination, five days prior to and five days along with FPN administration, significantly

ameliorated (p≤0.05) and normalized the harmful effects of FPN on serum biomarkers of hepatorenal

injury, lipid peroxidation and tissue antioxidants. In conclusion, TAU and NAC, alone or in

combination, provided significant hepatorenal protection against oxidative stress and apoptosis

induced by FPN.

Science of the Total Environment

2019

(650) 2063–2073

Pag 64


Duloxetine protects against experimental diabetic retinopathy in mice

through retinal GFAP and modulation of neurotrophic factors

Hoda I. Bahra, Ahmed A. Abdelghanyb, Rania A. Galhomc, Bassant M. Barakatd,e, El-Shaimaa A. Arafaf,g, Manal S. Fawzyh,i,*

a Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt b Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt c Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt d Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt e Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia f Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, 346, United Arab Emirates g Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt h Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia i Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt

Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is recognized as one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. Searching and

validation for a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent its progress are promising. This work aimed to assess the

retinal protective effects of duloxetine (DLX) in Alloxan-induced diabetic mice model. Animals were equally and

randomly divided to four groups (eight mice per group); group 1: is the control group, 2: diabetic group, 3&4:

diabetic and after 9 weeks received DLX for 4 weeks (15 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg), respectively. Quantitative real time

PCR (qPCR) analysis revealed nerve growth factor (NGF), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and transforming

growth factor beta (TGF-β) genes upregulation in the diabetic group compared to controls. Also, increased retinal

malondialdehyde (MDA) and the decline of reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were observed. The morphometric

analysis of diabetic retina revealed a significant reduction in total retinal thickness compared to control. Diabetic

retinal immunostaining and Western blot analyses displayed glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and vascular

endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) proteins expression upregulation as well as glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1)

downregulation comparing to controls. However, DLX-treated groups showed downregulated NGF, iNOS, and

TGF-β that was more obviously seen in the DLX-30 mg/kg group than DLX-15 mg/kg group. Furthermore, these

groups showed amelioration of the oxidative markers; MDA and GSH, retaining the total retinal thickness nearly

to control, GFAP and VEGF downregulation, and GLUT-1 upregulation compared to diabetic group. Taken

together, it could be summarized that duloxetine can attenuate DR via the anti-inflammatory and the anti-

oxidative properties as well as modulating the angiogenic and the neurotrophic factors expressions. This could

hopefully pave the road to be included in the novel list of the therapeutic regimen for DR after validation in the

clinic.

Experimental Eye Research

2019

(186) 1-13

Pag 65


The impact of Lactobacillus acidophilus on hepatic and colonic fibrosis

induced by ethephon in a rat model

Hoda I Bahr 1*, Rania Hamad 2, Shimaa A A Ismail 3

1 Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt 2 Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt 3 Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt

Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is recognized as one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. Searching and validation for a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent its progress are promising. This work aimed to assess the retinal protective effects of duloxetine (DLX) in Alloxan-induced diabetic mice model. Animals were equally and randomly divided to four groups (eight mice per group); group 1: is the control group, 2: diabetic group, 3&4: diabetic and after 9 weeks received DLX for 4 weeks (15 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg), respectively. Quantitative real time PCR (qPCR) analysis revealed nerve growth factor (NGF), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) genes upregulation in the diabetic group compared to controls. Also, increased retinal malondialdehyde (MDA) and the decline of reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were observed. The morphometric analysis of diabetic retina revealed a significant reduction in total retinal thickness compared to control. Diabetic retinal immunostaining and Western blot analyses displayed glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) proteins expression upregulation as well as glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) downregulation comparing to controls. However, DLX-treated groups showed downregulated NGF, iNOS, and TGF-β that was more obviously seen in the DLX-30 mg/kg group than DLX-15 mg/kg group. Furthermore, these groups showed amelioration of the oxidative markers; MDA and GSH, retaining the total retinal thickness nearly to control, GFAP and VEGF downregulation, and GLUT-1 upregulation compared to diabetic group. Taken together, it could be summarized that duloxetine can attenuate DR via the anti-inflammatory and the anti-oxidative properties as well as modulating the angiogenic and the neurotrophic factors expressions. This could hopefully pave the road to be included in the novel list of the therapeutic regimen for DR after validation in the clinic.

Iranian Journal of Basic

Medical Sciences

2019 (8): 956–962

Pag 66


In vitro models of exosome biology and toxicology: New frontiers in

biomedical research

⁎c,d,, Kenneth S. Ramos

,ba, Abeer A.I. Hassanin

aEmma C. Bowers

a Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85721,

USA b Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal

University, Ismailia, Egypt c Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Arizona

College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA d Division of Clinical Decision Support and Data Analytics, University of Arizona College of

Medicine, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA

Abstract

Exosomes are secreted membrane-bound vesicles containing a cargo of curated nucleic

acids, proteins, and lipids that can alter gene expression in recipient cells. Toxic agents

can alter exosome synthesis and bioactive cargo composition, thus allowing exosomes to

serve as biomarkers of exposure and response. While human and animal studies have

identified exosome biomarkers of organ toxicity, in vitro models are ideal to examine

biological mechanisms of exosome function. Here, we discuss the importance of

exosomes in toxicology research and describe applications of in vitro models in

advancing our understanding of their role in exposure-associated disease. This

discussion of new research frontiers is in commemoration of the invaluable contributions

of Dr. Daniel Acosta to the field of in vitro biology and toxicology. Emerging studies have

implicated exosomes as mediators of neurodegeneration by shuttling pollutant-induced

pathogenic proteins and miRNAs from afflicted neurons to neighboring cells. Exosomes

also provide a mechanistic link between inhalation exposures and airway inflammation,

remodeling, and systemic effects. Exosomes provide the means for toxic agents to initiate

oncogenic transformation and create favorable tumor microenvironments. Furthermore,

exosome-mediated drug delivery can alter drug pharmacologic profiles. Expansion in this

field using in vitro models is essential to unlock the potential applications of exosome

biology in toxicology.

Toxicology in Vitro

2019

Pag 67


Lung genotoxicity of benzo(a)pyrene in vivo involves reactivation of LINE-1retrotransposon and early reprogramming of oncogenic regulatory networks

1,4

and X K. S. Ramos 4

X B. Moorthy,3 G. D. Zhou, 1

Garcia,-M. Tavera1,2

A. A. I. Hassanin,

1Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Arizona

College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona 2Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal

University, Ismailia,Egypt 3Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas

4Institute of Biosciences and Technology,Texas A&M University Health Science Center,

Houston, Texas

Abstract

Lung genotoxicity of benzo(a)pyrene in vivo involves reactivation of LINE-1

retrotransposon and early reprogramming of oncogenic regulatory networks. Several lines

of evidence have implicated long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1) retroelement in

the onset and progression of lung cancer. Retrotransposition-dependent mechanisms

leading to DNA mobilization give rise to insertion mutations and DNA deletions, whereas

retrotransposition-independent mechanisms disrupt epithelial programming and

differentiation. Previous work by our group established that tobacco carcinogens such as

benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) reactivate LINE-1 in bronchial epithelial cells through displacement

of nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) corepressor complexes and

interference with retinoblastomaregulated epigenetic signaling. Whether LINE-1 in

coordination with other genes within its regulatory network contributes to the in vivo

genotoxic response to BaP remains largely unknown. Evidence is presented here that

intratracheal instillation of ORFeusLSL mice with BaP alone or in combination with

adenovirus (adeno)-CRE recombinase is genotoxic to the lung and associated with

activation of the human LINE-1 transgene present in these mice. LINE-1 reactivation

modulated the expression of genes involved in oncogenic signaling, and these responses

were most pronounced in female mice compared with males and synergized by adeno-

CRE recombinase. This is the first report linking LINE-1 and genes within its oncogenic

regulatory network with early sexually dimorphic responses of the lung in vivo.

Am J Physiol Lung

Cell Mol Physiol

2019 L822-(6):L816

Pag 68


Intercostal, ilioinguinal, and iliohypogastric nerve transfers for lower limb

reinnervation after spinal cord injury: an anatomical feasibility and

experimental study

Ahmed A. Toreih, MD,1 Asser A. Sallam, MD, PhD,

1 Cherif M. Ibrahim, MD,

2 Ahmed I. Maaty,

MD,3 and Mohsen M. Hassan

4

1Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Trauma, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University

Hospitals, Ismailia, Egypt

2 Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

3 Department of Physical Medicine, Rheumatology, and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Suez

Canal University Hospitals, Ismailia, Egypt

4 Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal


Abstract

OBJECTIVE Spinal cord injury (SCI) has been investigated in various animal studies. One promising

therapeutic approach involves the transfer of peripheral nerves originating above the level of injury

into those originating below the level of injury. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the

feasibility of nerve transfers for reinnervation of lower limbs in patients suffering SCI to restore

some hip and knee functions, enabling them to independently stand or even step forward with

assistive devices and thus improve their quality of life.

METHODS The feasibility of transferring intercostal to gluteal nerves and the ilioinguinal and

iliohypogastric nerves to femoral nerves was assessed in 5 cadavers. Then, lumbar cord

hemitransection was performed below L1 in 20 dogs, followed by transfer of the 10th, 11th, and 12th

intercostal and subcostal nerves to gluteal nerves and the ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerves to

the femoral nerve in only 10 dogs (NT group). At 6 months, clinical and electrophysiological

evaluations of the recipient nerves and their motor targets were performed.

RESULTS The donor nerves had sufficient length to reach the recipient nerves in a tension-free

manner. At 6 months postoperatively, the mean conduction velocity of gluteal and femoral nerves,

respectively, increased to 96.1% and 92.8% of the velocity in controls, and there was significant

motor recovery of the quadriceps femoris and glutei.

CONCLUSIONS Intercostal, ilioinguinal, and iliohypogastric nerves are suitable donors to transfer to

the gluteal and femoral nerves after SCI to restore some hip and knee motor functions.

Journal of Neurosurgery:

Spine

2019 278–268 (30):

Pag 69


Genetic diversity analysis of fourteen geese breeds based on microsatellite

genotyping technique

Hebatallah Abdel Moniem1,2,*

, Yang Yao Zong2, Alwasella Abdallah

3, and Guo-hong Chen2

1Animal wealth development department, Faculty of veterinary medicine, Suez Canal

University, Ismailia, 41611, Egypt

2 Animal breeding and genetics department, Animal Science and Technology College,

Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China

3 Agricultural Research Corporation, Wad medani, 2111, Sudan

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to measure genetic diversity and to determine the relationships among fourteen goose breeds. Methods: Microsatellite markers were isolated from the genomic DNA of geese based on previous literature. The DNA segments, including short tandem repeats, were tested for their diversity among fourteen populations of geese. The diversity was tested on both breeds and loci level and by mean of unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean and structure program, phylogenetic tree and population structure were tested. Results: A total of 108 distinct alleles (1%) were observed across the fourteen breeds, with 36 out of the 108 alleles (33.2%) being unique to only one breed. Genetic parameters were measured per the 14 breeds and the 9 loci. Medium to high heterozygosity was reported with high effective numbers of alleles (Ne). Polymorphic information contents (PIC) of the screened loci was found to be highly polymorphic for eleven breeds; while 3 breeds were reported moderately polymorphic. Breeding coefficient (FIS) ranged from –0.033 to 0.358, and the pair wise genetic differentiation (FST) ranged from 0.01 to 0.36 across the fourteen breeds; for the 9 loci observed and expected heterozygosity, and Ne were same as the breeds parameters, PIC of the screened loci reported 6 loci highly polymorphic and 3 loci to be medium polymorphic, and FIS ranged from –0.113 to 0.368. In addition, genetic distance estimate revealed a close genetic distance between Canada goose and Hortobagy goose breeds by 0.04, and the highest distance was between Taihu goose and Graylag goose (anser anser) breed by 0.54. Conclusion: Cluster analyses were made, and they revealed that goose breeds had hybridized frequently, resulting in a loss of genetic distinctiveness for some breeds.

Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 2019

32:1664-1672

Pag 70


A shared comparison of diabetes mellitus and neurodegenerative disorders

Sameh Magdeldin3,4

3Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, Basic Research, Children's Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt 4Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract Diabetes mellitus (DM), one of the most prevalent metabolic diseases in the world

population, is associated with a number of comorbid conditions including obesity,

pancreatic endocrine changes, and renal and cardio-cerebrovascular alterations, coupled

with peripheral neuropathy and neurodegenerative disease, some of these disorders are

bundled into metabolic syndrome. Type 1 DM (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease that

destroys the insulin-secreting islet cells. Type 2 DM (T2DM) is diabetes that is associated

with an imbalance in the glucagon/insulin homeostasis that leads to the formation of

amyloid deposits in the brain, pancreatic islet cells, and possibly in the kidney glomerulus.

There are several layers of molecular pathologic alterations that contribute to the DM

metabolic pathophysiology and its associated neuropathic manifestations. In this review,

we describe the general signature metabolic features of DM and the cross-talk with

neurodegeneration. We will assess the underlying molecular key players associated with

DM-induced neuropathic disorders that are associated with both T1DM and T2DM. In this

context, we will highlight the role of tau and amyloid protein deposits in the brain as well

in the pancreatic islet cells, and possibly in the kidney glomerulus. Furthermore, we will

discuss the central role of mitochondria, oxidative stress, and the unfolded protein

response in mediating the DM-associated neuropathic degeneration. This study will

elucidate the relationship between DM and neurodegeneration which may account for the

evolution of other neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Alzheimer's disease and

Parkinson's disease as discussed later.

Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 2018

(9) 14318-14325

Pag 71


Thermotolerance and plasticity of camel somatic cells exposed to acute

and chronic heat stress.

Islam M. Saadeldin a,c,⇑ ,1, Ayman Abdel-Aziz Swelum a,d,1, Mona Elsafadi b, Amer Mahmood b, Aya Osama e,Hassan Shikshaky e, Musaad Alfayez b,g, Abdullah N.

Alowaimer a, Sameh Magdeldin e,f,⇑

a Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia b Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia c Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt d Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt e Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, 57357 Children’s Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt f Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt g Saudi Society for Camel Research, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

The Arabian camel is the largest known mammal that can survive in severe hot climatic conditions. We provide the molecular explanation for the thermotolerance of camel granulosa somatic cells after exposure to 45 °C for 2 (acute heat shock) or 20 h (chronic heat shock). The common features of the cellular responses to acute heat stress were the increase of heat shock proteins and DNA repair enzymes expression. Actin polymerization and Rho signaling were critically activated as a cellular defense against heat shock. Cells exposed to chronic heat shock showed altered cell architecture with a decrease in total detected proteins, metabolic enzymes, and cytoskeletal protein expression. Treatment with transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) pathway inhibitor SB-431542 suppressed the morphological alterations of cells exposed to chronic heat shock. Moreover, during the recovery stage at 38 °C for 24 h, proteomic changes were partially restored with an exponential increase in HSP70 expression, and the cells restored their normal cellular morphology on the 9th day of recovery. Full proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD012159. The strategies of cellular defense and tolerance to both thermal conditions reflect the flexible adaptability of camel somatic cells to conserve life under extremely hot conditions.

Journal of Advanced Research 2019

(22) 105–118

Pag 72


Antioxidant capacity of omega-3-fatty acids and vitamin E against

imidacloprid-induced hepatotoxicity in Japanese quails

Hazem Emam1 & Eman Ahmed1 & Mohamed Abdel-Daim1

1 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt

Abstract

Imidacloprid (IM) is a neonicotinoid insecticide, used in a wide range of agricultural

activities worldwide. However, it results in ecosystem disturbances and signs of toxicity in

human and animals. The current study was designed to elucidate the protective effects of

omega-3-fatty acids (OFAs) and vitamin E (Vit E) against IM hepatotoxicity in Japanese

quails. Seventy male quails (30 days old) were divided into seven groups (n = 10); G1 −ve

control; G2 received IM (+ve control); G3 received OFA; G4 received Vit E; and G5, G6, and

G7 received OFA and/or Vit E with IM for 30 days, respectively. Blood and liver tissue

samples were collected. Imidacloprid significantly (p < 0.05) increased serum levels of

alanine transferase (ALT), aspartate transferase (AST), triglycerides (TGC), and low-

density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), as well as liver tissue malondialdehyde (MDA)

concentration. Moreover, IM caused a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the levels of serum

high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), as well as liver superoxide dismutase (SOD)

enzyme activity and reduced-glutathione (GSH) concentration in comparison to the –ve

control group. Histopathological changes in hepatocytes, including thick cell trabeculae

with marked hydropic vacuolar degeneration of cytoplasm, were found in IM-treated group.

Treatment with OFA and/or Vit E resulted in significant improvements in general body

condition, serum HDL-C level, and liver tissue SOD enzyme activity and GSH

concentration, as well as significant decreases in the levels of serum AST, ALT, TGC, LDL-

C, and hepatic tissue MDA. In conclusion, OFA and Vit E have a protective effect against

IM toxicity, especially in their combination.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2018 (22) 11694-11702

Pag 73


Current Understanding of Human Metaproteome Association and

Modulation

Shahd Ezzeldin,† Aya El-Wazir,‡,§ Shymaa Enany,∥ Abdelrahman Muhammad,⊥ Dina Johar,# Aya Osama,† Eman Ahmed,†,▽ Hassan Shikshaky,† and Sameh Magdeldin*,†,○

†Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, Department of Basic Research, Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, 11441 Cairo, Egypt ‡Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt §Center of Excellence of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt ∥ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt ⊥Department of Biomedical Engineering, Higher Technological Institute, 44634 Sharqia, Egypt #Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, 12588 Giza, Egypt ▽Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt ○Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia,

Egypt

Abstract During the last decade, metaproteomics has provided a better understanding and

functional characterization of the microbiome. A large body of evidence now reveals

interspecies, species of bacteria–host interactions, via the secreted modulatory microbial

protein “metaproteome”. Although high-throughput state-of-art mass spectrometry has

recently empowered metaproteomics, its profile remains unclear, and, most importantly,

the exact consequences and underlying mechanism of these protein molecules on the

host are insufficiently understood. Here we address the current progress in the study of

the human metaproteome, suggesting possible modulation, a metaproteome dysbiotic

signature, challenges, and future perspectives.

Journal of Proteome Research 2019

(18) 3539-3554

Pag 74


Regulation of fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8) in chicken embryonic stem

cells differentiation into spermatogonial stem cells

Man Wang1, Chen Zhang

1, Chuanli Huang

2, Shaoze Cheng

1, Nana He

1, Yilin Wang

1,

Mahmoud F. Ahmed3, Ruifeng Zhao

1, Jing Jin

1, Qisheng Zuo

1, Yani Zhang

1, Bichun Li

1

1 Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P.R. China 2 Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK 3 College of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are essential in regulating the formation of

spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). Here, we explored the effect of FGF8 on chicken SSCs

formation by knockdown or overexpression of FGF8 in chicken embryonic stem cells

(ESCs) both in vitro and in vivo. Our results showed that knockdown of FGF8 could

facilitate the differentiation of ESCs into SSCs, overexpression of FGF8 could promote

PGCs self-renewal, inhibit SSCs formation. This study further revealed the positive

correlation between the expression level of FGF8 and MAPK/ERK signal. In the absence of

FGF8, the expression of downstream genes such as FGFR2, GRB2, RAS, BRAF, RAF1, and

MEK2 was not maintained, while overexpressing FGF8 enhances them. Thus, our study

demonstrated that FGF8 can regulate germ cell fate by modulating the dynamic

equilibrium between differentiation and self-renewal, which provides a new idea for the

study of germ cell regulatory network.

Journal of Cellular biochemistry 2018

(119) 2396–2407

Pag 75


Direct conversion of mouse embryonic fibroblast to osteoblast cells using

hLMP-3 with Yamanaka factors.

Mahmoud F. Ahmeda,b, Ahmed Kamel El-Sayedb, Hao Chenc, Ruifeng Zhaoa, Kai Jina,

Qisheng Zuoa, Yani Zhanga, Bichun Lia,⁎

a Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Provience, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China b College of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt c Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 188

Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China

Abstract

Large bone defects and bone loss after fractures remain significant challenges for

orthopedic surgeons. Our study aims to find an available, applicable and biological

treatment for bone regeneration overcoming the limitations in ESC/iPSC technology. We

directly reprogrammed the mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) into osteoblast cells using

different combinations of Yamanaka factors with human lim mineralization protein-3

(hLMP-3). LMP is an intracellular LIM-domain protein acting as an effective positive

regulator of the osteoblast differentiation. After transduction, cells were cultured in

osteogenic medium, and then examined for osteoblast formation. The expression of

osteogenic markers (BMP2, Runx2 and Osterix) during reprogramming and in vitro

mineralization assay revealed that the best reprogramming cocktail was (c-Myc – Oct4)

with hLMP-3. In addition, both immunofluorescent staining and western blot analysis

confirmed that osteocalcin (OCN) expression increased in the cells treated with the c-

Myc/Oct4/hLMP3 cocktail than using hLMP-3 alone. Furthermore, this reprogramming

cocktail showed efficient healing in an induced femoral bone defect in rat animal model

one month after transplantation. In the present study, we reported for the first time the

effect of combining Yamanaka factors with hLMP-3 to induce osteoblast cells from MEF

both in vitro and in vivo.

International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology 2019

(106) 84–95

Pag 76


Hsd3b2 associated in modulating steroid hormone synthesis pathway

regulates the differentiation of chicken embryonic stem cells into

spermatogonial stem cells

Chen Zhang1 , Man Wang

1 , Nana He

1, Mahmoud F. Ahmed

2 , Yilin Wang

1 , Ruifeng Zhao

1 ,

Xinjian Yu1 , Jing Jin

1 , Jiuzhou Song

3 , Qisheng Zuo

1 , Yani Zhang

1 , Bichun Li

1

1 Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China 2 College of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt. 3 Animal & Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland

Abstract Steroid hormones regulate differentiation of various types of cell during embryogenesis.

Testosterone is one of the androgens that bind to receptors to regulate gene expression

and promote spermatogenesis. Our results showed that testosterone, as a product of

steroid hormones synthesis pathway, could facilitate the differentiation of embryonic stem

cells (ESCs) into spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). The analysis of the steroid hormones

synthesis pathway demonstrated that 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase2 (Hsd3b2)

plays a major role in the synthesis of testosterone. In the absence of Hsd3b2, the

expression of downstream genes such as Cyp1a1, Ugt1a1, and Hsd17b7 was not

maintained. This reduction is probably due to the down-regulation of the steroid hormones

synthesis pathway. Furthermore, qRTPCR, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry

analysis confirmed that the steroid hormones synthesis pathway could facilitate the

differentiation of ESCs. Altogether, these results lead to a model in which Hsd3b2

regulates ESCs differentiation via modulating the activity of steroid hormones synthesis

pathway.

Journal of Cellular biochemistry 2018

(119) 1111–1121

Pag 77


Comparison of Some Molecular Markers for Tick Species Identification

Eman M. Abouelhassan,1,*

Hamdy M. El-Gawady,1 Ahmad Anwar Abdel-Aal,

1 Amal K. El-

Gayar,1 and Maria D Esteve-Gassent

2

1Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

2Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A and M University, College Station, Texas,

United States of America

Abstract

Background: Ticks are obligate blood-sucking ectoparasites of vertebrates. Since many

tick identification studies are based on the analysis of 16S rDNA, 12S rDNA and ITS-1, 2

rDNA genes, we aimed to compare the performance of these molecular markers of

common use for the identification of ticks, under a diagnostic laboratory environment.

Methods: Overall, 192 tick specimens were collected through the state of Texas from

January 2014 to August 2015 and the species was determined by both morphology and

molecular amplification using the 16S rDNA, 12S rDNA, ITS1 and ITS2.

Results: The species collected were identified by molecular techniques as Dermacentor

albipictus, D. variabilis, Amblyomma americanum, Ixodes scapularis, A. cajennense,

Rhipicephalus sanguineus and Carios capensis. ITS1 and ITS2 were not able to prove

consistent amplification and therefore have been considered as potential markers for tick

identification.

Conclusion: The use of mitochondrial genes in tick identification showed to provide more

consistent results in the diagnostic environment.

Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases 2019 (13) 153–164

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Abouelhassan%20EM%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=31803776

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=El-Gawady%20HM%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=31803776

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Abdel-Aal%20AA%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=31803776

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=El-Gayar%20AK%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=31803776

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=El-Gayar%20AK%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=31803776

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Esteve-Gassent%20MD%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=31803776

Pag 78


Molecular survey and characterization of Trypanosoma evansi in naturally

infected camels with suspicion of a Trypanozoon infection in horses by

molecular detection in Egypt

Mahmoud M. Elhaig1, Nahla H. Sallam

2

1Department of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,

Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt,

2Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Suez Canal


Abstract In Egypt, although the Trypanosoma evansi has been reported frequently among domestic animals, there is no published data onT.evansi in horses. Therefore ,this study aimedtoassesstheprevalenceandcharacterizationof T. evansi in three governorates by examining blood samples from 40 local camels, 35 imported camels, 25 horses and 10 donkeys by PCR targeting the sequences of TBR and RoTat 1.2VSG. The overall prevalence of T. evansi was 54.5% and 21.8% by TBR PCR and RoTat 1.2VSG PCR, respectively. The TBR PCR detected T. evansi in 60% and 71.4%, respectively, of local and imported camels and in 10% and 40% of donkeys and horses, respectively. For RoTat 1.2VSG PCR, T. evansi was detected in 32.5% and 31.4 of local and imported camels, respectively. All horses and donkeys were negative by RoTat 1.2VSG PCR. TBR PCR was superior to RoTat 1.2VSG PCR in T. evansi infection detection. Statistically significant

differences in the prevalence of the infection were observed on the basis of body condition

and location. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis, based on RoTat 1.2VSG, confirmed the presence of T. evansi, which was closely related to Egyptian and Indian isolates. In conclusion, TBR PCR is the best assay to monitor T. evansi infections in camels, horses, and donkeys. The presence of T. evansi in horses and donkeys possibly play a role in the transport of the infection to camels. This is the first report of T. evansi infection in horses in Egypt using TBR PCR.


2018

(123) 201–205

Pag 79


Protective effects of garlic extract against hematological alterations, immunosuppression, hepatic oxidative stress, and renal damage induced by cyclophosphamide in rats

Ahmed M. El-Sebaey1 & Fatma M. Abdelhamid1 & Osama A. Abdalla2

1 Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University,

Mansoura 35516, Egypt

2 Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating agent widely used as anticancer drug, reported to exert

cytotoxic effects attributed to oxidative stress. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the

protective effect of ethanolic extract of garlic (EEG) against cyclophosphamide (Cyp)-

induced hematological disturbance and immunosuppressive and hepatotoxic effects.

Forty male Wistar albino rats were randomized into four equal groups: the normal control

one, the Cyp-treated group (50 mg/kg BW/IM, once weekly), the EEG-treated group

(300 mg/kg BW, orally, daily), and the Cyp & EEG group. All rats received their relevant

treatments for four consecutive weeks. This study revealed that Cyp significantly

decreased erythrocyte count, hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), and total

leukocyte and lymphocyte counts. However, the counts of neutrophils, eosinophils, and

toxic neutrophils were elevated. Additionally, hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) and levels of

liver and renal biomarkers were significantly elevated in the Cyp-treated group. Otherwise,

hepatic catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and

serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were significantly lower than the control rats.

Furthermore, Cyp significantly reduced whole blood respiratory burst activity (NBT),

serum lysozyme and bactericidal activities, interlukin-12 (IL-12), and interferon-γ. In

contrast, the levels of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interlukin-1β

(IL-1β) were elevated. Additionally, Cyp induced hepatic and renal histopathological

alterations. Data in the present study demonstrated that EEG has immunomodulatory and

antioxidant effects and has the ability to diminish the alterations induced by Cyp.


(26) 15559–15572

Pag 80


Novel small molecule modulators of quorum sensing in avian pathogenic

Escherichia coli (APEC)

Yosra A Helmy

1 2, Loic Deblais

1, Issmat I Kassem

1 3, Dipak Kathayat

1, Gireesh

Rajashekara 1

1 Food Animal Health Research Program, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Ohio

Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University; Wooster, 44691 Ohio,

USA.

2 Department of Animal Hygiene, Zoonoses and Animal Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,

Suez Canal University, 41511 Ismailia, Egypt.

3 Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American

University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon.

Abstract

Colibacillosis caused by avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC), is an economically important bacterial

disease of poultry. APEC are a subgroup of extra intestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) and poultry

are considered potential sources of foodborne ExPEC to humans. Currently, APEC infections in

poultry are controlled by antibiotics and/or vaccination; however, their effect is limited due to

emergence of antibiotic resistant strains and infections with heterologous serotypes. Therefore,

novel approaches are needed. Here, using the bioluminescent quorum sensing (QS) autoinducer 2

(AI-2) indicator Vibrio harveyi BB170, we screened the cell free culture supernatant of APEC O78

prepared from cultures grown in the presence of 4,182 small molecules (SMs; 100 μM). A total of 69

SMs inhibited > 75% of APEC O78 AI-2 activity in the indicator bacteria. Ten SMs that showed

highest AI-2 inhibition were selected for further studies. Most of these SMs inhibited the AI-2 activity

of other APEC serotypes and significantly reduced APEC O78 biofilm formation and motility. Most

compounds showed minimal toxicity on human intestinal cells (Caco-2), chicken macrophage (HD-

11), and chicken and sheep red blood cells, and reduced APEC survival in HD-11 and THP-1

macrophages. The SMs induced no or minimal toxicity and conferred protection against APEC in

wax moth larval model. SMs affected the expression of APEC O78 QS, virulence, biofilm and motility

associated genes providing insight on their potential mode(s) of action. Further testing in chickens

will facilitate development of these SMs as novel therapeutics to control APEC in poultry and

thereby also reduce zoonotic transmission .

Virulence 2018

(9) 1640-1657

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Helmy+YA&cauthor_id=30270715



https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Deblais+L&cauthor_id=30270715


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Kassem+II&cauthor_id=30270715



https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Kathayat+D&cauthor_id=30270715


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Rajashekara+G&cauthor_id=30270715

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Rajashekara+G&cauthor_id=30270715


Pag 81


E. coli Nissle microencapsulation in alginate-chitosan nanoparticles and its

effect on Campylobacter jejuni in vitro

Asmaa Mawad1,2 & Yosra A. Helmy1,3 & Abdel-Gawad Shalkami1,4 & Dipak Kathayat 1 &

Gireesh Rajashekara1

1 Food Animal Health Research Program, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine,

Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster,

OH, USA

2 Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut

71516, Egypt

3 Department of Animal Hygiene, Zoonoses and Animal Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary

Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

4 Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University,

Assiut, Branch, Assiut, Egypt

Abstract

Microencapsulation enhances the oral delivery of probiotic bacteria. In this study, the probiotic

Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) was microencapsulated using alginate and chitosan

nanoparticles. The result showed 90%encapsulation yield of EcN, and the encapsulated EcN

displayed significantly (P < 0.05) increased survival in low pH (1.5), high bile salt concentration (4%),

and high temperature (70 °C). The most effective cryopreservatives of EcN during freezing and

thawing was skim milk and sucrose. Exposure to microencapsulated EcN significantly (P < 0.05)

reduced the Campylobacter jejuni growth by 2 log CFU. The rate of EcN release frommicrocapsule

was 9.2 × 105 cell min−1, and the appropriate model to describe its release kinetics was zero order.

Importantly, the entrapment of EcN inside the microcapsule did not eliminate the exterior diffusion of

EcN produced antioxidant compounds. In addition, the EcN microcapsule efficiently adhered to

intestinal HT-29 cells and the pre-treatment of HT-29 cells with EcN-microcapsule for 4 h significantly

(P < 0.05) reduced the invasion (1.9 log) of C. jejuni; whereas, completely abolished the intracellular

survival. Furthermore, HT-29 cells pre-treated with encapsulated EcN in PCR array showed

decreased expression (> 1.5-fold) of genes encoding chemokines, toll-like receptors, interleukins,

and tumor necrosis factors. In conclusion, the alginate-chitosan microcapsule can provide effectual

platform to deliver probiotic EcN and thereby can reduce the Campylobacter infection in chickens

and humans.

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 2018 (102) 10675-10690

Pag 82


Occurrence and distribution of Giardia species in wild rodents in Germany

Yosra A. Helmy1,4,5, Nastasja G. Spierling2 , Sabrina Schmidt2,6, Ulrike M. Rosenfeld2 , Daniela

Reil3 , Christian Imholt3 , Jens Jacob3 , Rainer G. Ulrich2 , Toni Aebischer1 and Christian Klotz1*

1 Unit 16 Mycotic and Parasitic Agents and Mycobacteria, Department of Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch-

Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany.

2 Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for

Animal Health, 17493 Greifswald - Insel Riems, Germany.

3 Institute for Plant Protection in Horticulture and Forests, Vertebrate Research, Julius Kühn-Institute, Federal

Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, 48161 Münster, Germany.

4 Department Panel Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163

Berlin, Germany.

5 Department of Animal Hygiene, Zoonoses and Animal Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal


6 German Society of Tissue Transplantation, Kruppstraße 98, 45145 Essen, Germany.

Abstract

Background: Giardiasis is an important gastrointestinal parasitic disease in humans and other mammals caused by the protozoan Giardia duodenalis. This species complex is represented by genetically distinct groups (assemblages A-H) with varying zoonotic potential and host preferences. Wild rodents can harbor potentially zoonotic assemblages A and B, and the rodent-specific assemblage G. Other Giardia spp. found in these animals are Giardia muris and Giardia microti. For the latter, only limited information on genetic typing is available. It has been speculated that wild rodents might represent an important reservoir for parasites causing human giardiasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and distribution of Giardia spp. and assemblage types in wild rodents from different study sites in Germany. Results: Screening of 577 wild rodents of the genera Apodemus, Microtus and Myodes, sampled at eleven study sites in Germany, revealed a high overall Giardia prevalence. Giardia species determination at the SSU rDNA gene locus revealed that Apodemus mice, depending on species, were predominantly infected with one of two distinct G. muris sequence types. Giardia microti was the predominant parasite species found in voles of the genera Microtus and Myodes. Only a few animals were positive for potentially zoonotic G. duodenalis. Subtyping at the betagiardin (bg) and glutamine dehydrogenase (gdh) genes strongly supported the existence of different phylogenetic subgroups of G. microti that are preferentially harbored by distinct host species. Conclusions: The present study highlights the preference of G. muris for Apodemus, and G. microti for Microtus and Myodes hosts and argues for a very low prevalence of zoonotic G. duodenalis assemblages in wild rodents in Germany. It also provides evidence that G. muris and G. microti subdivide into several phylogenetically distinguishable subgroups, each of which appears to be preferentially harbored by species of a particular rodent host genus. Finally, the study expands the database of sequences relevant for sequence typing of G. muris and G. microti isolates which will greatly help future analyses of these parasites’ population structure.

Parasites & Vectors

2018 (11) 1-13

Pag 83


The One Health Approach is Necessary for the Control of Rift Valley Fever

Infections in Egypt: A Comprehensive Review

Mohamed Fawzy 1, Yosra A Helmy 2 3

1Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia

41522, Egypt; 2Food Animal Health Research Program, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine,

Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University; Wooster, 44691 OH, USA 3Department of Animal Hygiene, Zoonoses and Animal Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary

Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt

Abstract

Rift Valley fever (RVF) is an emerging transboundary, mosquito-borne, zoonotic viral

disease caused high morbidity and mortality in both human and ruminant populations. It is

considered an important threat to both agriculture and public health in African and the

Middle Eastern countries including Egypt. Five major RVF epidemics have been reported

in Egypt (1977, 1993, 1994, 1997, and 2003). The virus is transmitted in Egypt by different

mosquito's genera such as Aedes, Culex, Anopheles, and Mansonia, leading to abortions

in susceptible animal hosts especially sheep, goat, cattle, and buffaloes. Recurrent RVF

outbreaks in Egypt have been attributed in part to the lack of routine surveillance for the

virus. These periodic epizootics have resulted in severe economic losses. We posit that

there is a critical need for new approaches to RVF control that will prevent or at least

reduce future morbidity and economic stress. One Health is an integrated approach for the

understanding and management of animal, human, and environmental determinants of

complex problems such as RVF. Employing the One Health approach, one might engage

local communities in surveillance and control of RVF efforts, rather than continuing their

current status as passive victims of the periodic RVF incursions. This review focuses

upon endemic and epidemic status of RVF in Egypt, the virus vectors and their ecology,

transmission dynamics, risk factors, and the ecology of the RVF at the animal/human

interface, prevention, and control measures, and the use of environmental and climate

data in surveillance systems to predict disease outbreaks.

Viruses 2019 (11) 1-24

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Fawzy+M&cauthor_id=30736362


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Helmy+YA&cauthor_id=30736362



Pag 84


Effects of Cecropin Transgenesis and Interspecific Hybridization on the

Resistance to Ichthyophthirius multifiliis in Channel Catfish and Female

Channel Catfish × Male Blue Catfish Hybrids

Ahmed Elaswad*

School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA; and Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt

Abstract

The resistance of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus, channel catfish female × blue

catfish I. furcatus, male hybrid (CB hybrid), and channel catfish and hybrid catfish

expressing the introduced cecropin B gene to Ichthyophthirius multifiliis infestation was

investigated in two experiments. In experiment I, four fingerling groups including

cecropin-transgenic channel catfish, cecropin-transgenic hybrid catfish, non-transgenic

channel catfish, and non-transgenic hybrid catfish, were challenged. Non-transgenic

channel catfish survived a shorter time than the three other groups. Survival rate was

significantly different between non-transgenic channel catfish and the three other groups,

which had similar survival rates. In experiment II, hybrids had a less severe infestation

than channel catfish. Mortality rates were 62.4% and 40.2% for non-transgenic channel

catfish and hybrid catfish, respectively. The mean survival time for non-transgenic hybrid

catfish was significantly longer (more than five days) than non-transgenic channel catfish.

The results suggest that genetic enhancement of Ichthyophthirius resistance can be

accomplished in channel catfish by either cecropin transgenesis or interspecific

hybridization. In addition to survival rate, improving survival time is important because the

extension of survival time provides greater opportunity to apply treatments to stop the

protozoan infestation.

North American Journal

of Aquaculture

2019

81:242–252

Pag 85


Effects of CRISPR/Cas9 dosage on TICAM1 and RBL gene mutation rate,

embryonic development, hatchability and fry survival in channel catfish

Ahmed Elaswad1,2

1School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Alabama,

36849, USA.

2Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal

University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt

Abstract

The current study was conducted to assess the effects of microinjection of different

dosages of guide RNA (gRNA)/Cas9 protein on the mutation rate, embryo survival,

embryonic development, hatchability and early fry survival in channel catfish, Ictalurus

punctatus. Guide RNAs targeting two of the channel catfish immune-related genes,

toll/interleukin 1 receptor domain-containing adapter molecule (TICAM 1) and rhamnose

binding lectin (RBL) genes, were designed and prepared. Three dosages of gRNA/Cas9

protein (low, 2.5 ng gRNA/7.5 ng Cas9, medium, 5 ng gRNA/15 ng Cas9 and high, 7.5 ng

gRNA/22.5 ng Cas9) were microinjected into the yolk of one-cell embryos. Mutation rate

increased with higher dosages (p < 0.05). Higher dosages increased the mutation

frequency in individual embryos where biallelic mutations were detected. For both genes,

microinjection procedures increased the embryo mortality (p < 0.05). Increasing the

dosage of gRNA/Cas9 protein increased the embryo mortality and reduced the hatching

percent (p < 0.05). Embryonic development was delayed when gRNAs targeting RBL gene

were injected. Means of fry survival time were similar for different dosages (p > 0.05). The

current results lay the foundations for designing gene editing experiments in channel

catfish and can be used as a guide for other fish species.

Scientific Reports

2018

8:16499

Pag 86


Molecular Epidemiological Study on Peste Des Petite Ruminant in Egypt

2015

Wagdy R. ElAshmawy1*, Abdelhamid I. Bazid2, Mohamed Aboelkhair2, Mostafa A. Sakr3,

Aysam M. Fayed3, Mohamed Fawzy4

1Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,

Cairo University, 2Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of

Sadat City, Sadat city, Minoufiya, 3Molecular diagnostics and therapeutics department,

Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), University of Sadat

City, 4Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine- Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is one of highly contagious viral diseases of small

ruminants with high economic losses due to the high morbidity and mortality. In Egypt,

PPR in the last 10 years re-emerged again with high mortality in sheep flocks. There is no

much data regarding the circulating Peste des petits ruminants’ virus and the

epidemiological distribution in small ruminants. The study was carried out on a sheep

flock of 50 rams aged of 9-12 months with clinical signs suggestive to PPR infection (fever,

erosions of the buccal mucosa, pneumonia, diarrhea high morbidity and mortality). Buffy

coat and lymph nodes from diseased and dead animals were sent for diagnosis and

molecular diagnosis was confirmed using RT-PCR with specific primers targeting three

genes; nucleo-capsid (N), fusion (F), and hemagglutinin (H). Sequencing and phylogenetic

analysis was carried out on the PCR products and revealed that, the circulating virus is

belonged to lineage IV along with Ethiopian strain.

Slovenian Veterinary Research

2018

(4): 205–12

Pag 87


Genetic Characterization of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (FMD) Serotypes in Egypt (2016-2017) and Identification of a New Lineage of Serotype O Topotype EA-3

Soltan MA1*, AI Bazid2, M Fawzy3, MO Wasfy4, SM Soliman5, M Shahein6 and MM El-Sayed4

1Department of Veterinary Medicine, Infectious Diseases Division, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt; 2Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat city, Menoufyia, Egypt; 3Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt; 4Middle East for Veterinary vaccines (MEVAC), Sharkia, Egypt; 5Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt; 6Department of Virology, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Dokki, Giza, Egypt

Abstract

From December 2016 to April 2017, many farmers and veterinarians complained about FMD outbreaks in various Egyptian governorates. Therefore; the present study aimed to characterize the circulating FMD viruses during this period. Clinical data and vaccination histories were collected from nine affected farms and 27 individual cases owned by small farmers in 10 Egyptian governorates. A total of 59 vesicular epithelia were gathered and tested by real-time (rt) RT-PCR to detect and quantify the virus. Furthermore, the positive samples with sufficient genomic loads were analyzed by the less sensitive conventional RT-PCR to amplify the full length of the VP1 region; amplicons were sequenced and phylogenetic trees were constructed. Of 59 samples analyzed, 49 (83.1%) were positive by rt RT-PCR, but only 22/39 produced amplicons by conventional RT-PCR. About 19 amplicons were suitable for sequencing and showed serotypes O, A, and SAT2 in 15, 1 and 3 samples, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses clustered the characterized strains in serotypes O, topotypes EA-3; serotype A, African topotype of genotype IV; and serotype SAT2, topotype VII, respectively. Interestingly, two lineages of serotype O topotype EA-3 strains were distinguished and referred to as Ism-16 and Alx-17. Ism-16 lineage clustered with the previously characterized viruses in Egypt in 2016, but the Alx-17 lineage clustered in a separate clade and is hereby reported for the first time. Further studies are required to evaluate the cross-protection between the vaccine and heterologous circulating strains in Egypt, especially for serotype O.

Pakistan Veterinary Journal

2019

(4): 521-526

Pag 88


Hepatitis B variants among Egyptian patients undergoing hemodialysis

, 1

Hanaa H. A. Gomaa, 3

Mohamed Fawzy, 2

Shamy-, Ahmed El1

Maksoud-Nashwa H. M. Abdel

Mokhtar M. A. Eltarabilli3

1Faculty of Science, Department of Botany, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

2 Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Collage of Pharmacy,

Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, California Northstate University, Elk Grove,CA,USA 3Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Virology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia,

Egypt

Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious nosocomial infection that affects

patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). However, certain HBV variants are not

detected by routine serological tests in Egyptian dialysis units because of mutations

that change important viral antigens (Ags). Of note, these mutations can result in the

appearance of different HBV variants with different clinical manifestations. Thus, the

present study aimed to assess different clinical forms of HBV infections and viral

genotypes among patients undergoing HD in the Ismailia governorate of Egypt. To

this end, serum samples were collected from 150 patients undergoing HD and

screened for HBV-DNA using a nested PCR technique. Positive samples were then

screened for HBV serological markers (hepatitis B core antibody [HBcAb], hepatitis

B surface antigen, hepatitis B surface antibody, hepatitis B e antigen and hepatitis B e

antibody) using ELISA and the HBV viral load quantitated by qPCR. HBV genotypes

were detected by direct sequencing of the partial surface (S) gene. The most common

clinical form of HBV infection in our study cohort was overt HBV infection (10%);

followed by seropositive occult hepatitis B infection (7.3%), most of whom had an

isolated HBcAb. The least common form was the precore mutant (1.3%). All HBV

isolates were genotype D. This study reveals the importance of HBcAb and PCR in

screening for HBV, especially for detection of occult hepatitis B infection.

Microbiology and Immunology

2019

63:77–84

Pag 89


Foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks in Egypt during 2013-2014: Molecular characterization of serotypes A, O, and SAT2

Emad Diab1, Abdel-Hamid I. Bazid2, Mohamed Fawzy3, Wagdy R. El-Ashmawy1, Adel A. Fayed1 and Magdy M. El-Sayed1

1. Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12211, Egypt; 2. Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Menoufia 32958, Egypt; 3. Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.

Abstract

Background and Aim: Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotypes A, O and South African Territories (SAT2) are endemic in Egypt; each is presented by a number of partially related topotypes and lineages, depending on their geographical origin. Continuous mutations and the emergence of new topotypes that lead to occasional vaccination failures were frequently recorded, so this study aimed to genetically characterize the circulating FMD virus strains in Egypt during 2013 and 2014 outbreaks, focusing on amino acids variations in VP1 region. Materials and Methods: A total of 51 oral tissue samples were collected from cattle and buffaloes in 13 farms, and 38 individual cases showed clinical signs suspected to be FMD in six Egyptian Governorates (Cairo, Giza, Qaliubia, Fayoum, Sharquia, and Assiut). FMDV in collected samples was characterized by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification of full VP1 region, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. Results: Out of 51 samples, 44 (86.27%) were positive by RT-PCR using universal primers. Serotype O was predominant and detected in 31 samples (70.45%), serotype A was detected in 9 samples (20.45%), and then serotype SAT2 was identified in 4 samples (9.10%). Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of VP1 demonstrated clustering of serotype O, A, and SAT2 in EA-3 topotype, ASIA topotype, and topotype VII, respectively. Serotype O is closely related to O/SUD/8/2008 with 94.6% identity but showed 14.6% differences from vaccine strain (O/PanAsia-2) of ME-SA topotype. Furthermore, Serotype A and SAT2 were closely related to recent circulating Egyptian isolates and vaccine strains type A/EGY/1/2012 (Asia topotype, lineage Iran-05) with identity 96.4% and vaccine strain of SAT2/EGY/A/2012 (topotype VII, lineage SAT2/VII/ALX 12) with identity 95.3%, respectively. Conclusion: The present study recommended further studies of serotype O to determine the immunogenic relationship between the vaccine strain and the new strains to attain maximum protection against circulating viruses.

Veterinary World

2019

(2): 190-197

Pag 90


Effects of Pyrene on Human Liver HepG2 Cells: Cytotoxicity, Oxidative

Stress, and Transcriptomic Changes in Xenobiotic Metabolizing Enzymes

and Inflammatory Markers with Protection Trial Using Lycopene

Jin-Kui Ma , 1 Walaa Fathy Saad Eldin , 2 Waleed Rizk El-Ghareeb , 3 Abdelazim Elsayed

Elhelaly,4,5 Mariam H. E. Khedr,6 Xiang Li,7 and Xiao-Chen Huang 1

1 School of Food & Pharmaceutical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China 2 Educational Veterinary Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt 3 Department of Veterinary Public Health and Animal Husbandry, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, Saudi Arabia 4 Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt 5 Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan 6 Department of Veterinary Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt 7 College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China

Abstract Pyrene is one of the major polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons formed during heat treatment of meat

and in car exhausts; however, few studies have investigated pyrene-induced adverse effects on

human cell lines. -is study aimed at the investigation of pyreneinduced cytotoxicity and oxidative

damage in human liver HepG2 cells at environmentally relevant concentrations. Pyreneinduced

changes in mRNA expression of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (XMEs), xenobiotic transporters,

antioxidant enzymes, and inflammatory markers were investigated using real-time PCR. As a

protection trial, the ameliorative effects of lycopene, a carotenoid abundantly found in tomato, were

investigated. -e possible mechanisms behind such effects were examined via studying the co

exposure effects of pyrene and lycopene on regulatory elements including the aryl hydrocarbon

receptor (Air) and elytroid 2-related factor 2 (RF). -e achieved results indicated that pyrene caused

significant cytotoxicity at 50 n, with a clear production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a dose-

dependent manner. Pyrene upregulated mRNA expression of phase I enzymes including CYP1A1,

1A2, and CYP1B1 and inflammatory markers including TNFα and Cox2. However, pyrene

significantly downregulated phase II enzymes, xenobiotic transporters, and antioxidant enzymes.

Interestingly, lycopene significantly reduced pyrene-induced cytotoxicity and ROS production.

Moreover, lycopene upregulated detoxification and antioxidant enzymes, probably via its regulatory

effects on Air- and RF-dependent pathways.

BioMed Research International

2019

10 pages

Pag 91


Estimation of cadmium content in Egyptian foodstuffs: health risk

assessment, biological responses of human HepG2 cells to food-relevant

concentrations of cadmium, and protection trials using rosmarinic and

ascorbic acids

Wageh Sobhy Darwish 1 2

, Hitoshi Chiba 3

, Abdelazim Elsayed Elhelaly 4 5

, Shu-Ping Hui 6

1Laboratory of Advanced Lipid Analysis, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12,

Nishi 5, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan. 2Food Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519,

Egypt. 3Department of Nutrition, Sapporo University of Health Sciences, Nakanuma Nishi 4-2-1-15, Higashi

Ku, Sapporo, 007-0894, Japan. 4Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, 41522, Egypt. 5Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.

6Laboratory of Advanced Lipid Analysis, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12,

Nishi 5, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan. [email protected].

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant that can get entry into human body via ingestion of contaminated foods causing multiple organ damage. This study aimed at monitoring Cd residues in 20 foodstuffs of animal origin that are commonly consumed in Egypt. Health risk assessment was conducted via calculation of Cd dietary intakes and non-carcinogenic target hazard quotient. An in vitro approach was performed to investigate the constitutive effects of Cd on human hepatoma (HepG2) cells under food-relevant concentrations. Trials to reduce Cd-induced adverse effects on HepG2 cells were done using rosmarinic (RMA) and ascorbic acids (ASA). The achieved results indicated contamination of the tested foodstuffs with Cd at high levels with potential human health hazards. Cd at food-relevant concentrations caused significant cytotoxicity to HepG2 cells. This may be attributed to induction of oxidative stress and inflammation, as indicated by the overexpression of stress and inflammatory markers. At the same time, Cd downregulated xenobiotic transporters and upregulated the proliferation factors. Co-exposure of HepG2 cells to Cd and micronutrients such as RMA and ASA led to recovery of cells from the oxidative damage, and subsequently cell viability was strongly improved. RMA and ASA ameliorated the biological responses of HepG2 cells to Cd exposure.

Environmental science and pollution research 2019

15457-(15):15443

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Darwish+WS&cauthor_id=30941714



https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Chiba+H&cauthor_id=30941714


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Elhelaly+AE&cauthor_id=30941714



https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Hui+SP&cauthor_id=30941714


Pag 92


A designer molecular chaperone against transmissible spongiform

encephalopathy slows disease progression in mice and macaques

Abdelazim Elsayed Elhelaly1,2,7

1 Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.

2 United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu

University, Gifu, Japan.

7 Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal

University, Ismalia, Egypt.

Abstract

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are fatal neurodegenerative diseases

that lack therapeutic solutions. Here, we show that the molecular chaperone (N,N′-

([cyclohexylmethylene]di-4,1-phenylene)bis(2-[1-pyrrolidinyl]acetamide)), designed via

docking simulations, molecular dynamics simulations and quantum chemical calculations,

slows down the progress of TSEs. In vitro, the designer molecular chaperone stabilizes

the normal cellular prion protein, eradicates prions in infected cells, prevents the

formation of drug-resistant strains and directly inhibits the interaction between prions and

abnormal aggregates, as shown via real-time quaking-induced conversion and in vitro

conversion NMR. Weekly intraperitoneal injection of the chaperone in prion-infected mice

prolonged their survival, and weekly intravenous administration of the compound in

macaques infected with bovine TSE slowed down the development of neurological and

psychological symptoms and reduced the concentration of disease-associated biomarkers

in the animals’ cerebrospinal fluid. The de novo rational design of chaperone compounds

could lead to therapeutics that can bind to different prion protein strains to ameliorate the

pathology of TSEs.

Nature biomedical engineering

2019

219–206):3(

Pag 93


Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from camel meat

and slaughterhouse workers in Egypt

Khaled Al-Amery1 , Mahmoud Elhariri1 , Alaa Elsayed2 , Gihan El-Moghazy2 , Rehab

Elhelw1 , Heba El-Mahallawy3 , Mohamed El Hariri4 and Dalia Hamza5*

1 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, PO Box 12211, Cairo,

Egypt. 2 Department of Food Safety and Biotechnology, Regional Center for Food and Feed,

Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt. 3 Department of Animal Hygiene, Zoonoses and Animal

Behaviour and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522,

Egypt. 4 Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Alazhar

University, Cairo, Egypt. 5 Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University,

PO Box 12211, Giza, Cairo, Egypt.

Abstract

Background: The emergence of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) represents a challenge for the treatment of staphylococcal infections in both human and animals worldwide. Although VRSA has been detected in several animal species worldwide, data on the bacterial prevalence in dromedary camels and workers in camel slaughterhouses are scarce. Methods: We investigated meat samples from 200 dromedary camel carcasses from three different abattoirs that were being prepared to be sent to the markets. Twenty hand swabs were voluntarily collected from the workers in the same abattoirs. Isolation and identification of the bacterial specimens from the samples were performed using conventional cultural techniques and biochemical identification and were confirmed by PCR amplification of the nuc gene. Antimicrobial susceptibility against nine antimicrobial agents commonly used in human and camels was tested using the disc diffusion method, and genetic analysis was performed by evaluating the mecA gene in phenotypically oxacillin (OXA)- and cefoxitin (FOX)-resistant isolates. The resistance of S. aureus to vancomycin (VAN) was tested by broth microdilution and confirmed by PCR targeting the vanA and vanB genes. The vanA and vanB genes were sequenced. Result: S. aureus was detected in both camel meat (29/200, 14.5%) and in abattoir workers (11/20, 55%). Of the collected samples, 27% (8/29, camel) and 54% (6/11, human) were identified as VRSA.All VRSA isolates carried both the vanA and vanB genes. Additionally, all VRSA isolates were also classified as methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The vanA amplicons of the isolates from human and camel meat were homologous and clustered with a Chinese reference isolate sequence. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that VRSA is present in camel abattoirs in Egypt. Zoonotic transmission between animals and human is probable and reflects both a public health threat and a food safety concern.

Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control 2019

8(129)

Pag 94


Subacute Toxicity of Nerium oleander Ethanolic Extract in Mice

Rania H. Abdou,1 Walaa A. Basha,

2 and Waleed F. Khalil

3

1Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia,Egypt 2Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 3Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Nerium oleander (N. oleander) is a well-known poisonous shrub that is frequently grown in

gardens and public areas and contains numerous toxic compounds. The major toxic

components are the cardiac glycosides oleandrin and neriin. The aim of our study was to

evaluate the toxic effects of an ethanolic N. oleander leaf extract on haematological,

cardiac, inflammatory, and serum biochemical parameters, as well as histopathological

changes in the heart. N. oleander extract was orally administered for 14 and 30

consecutive days at doses of 100 and 200 mg of dried extract/kg of body weight in 0.5 mL

of saline. The results showed significant increases in mean corpuscular volume, white

blood cell counts, platelet counts, interleukins (IL-1 and IL-6), tumour necrosis factor

alpha, C reactive protein, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine

kinase and creatine kinase MB, especially at high doses. Marked pathological changes

were perceived in the heart tissue. Thus, it can be concluded that exposure to N.

oleander leaf extract adversely affects the heart and liver.

Toxicological research 2019

239–(3): 233

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Abdou%20RH%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=31341552

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Basha%20WA%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=31341552

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Khalil%20WF%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=31341552

Pag 95


Efficacy of Clade 2.3.2 H5-Recombinant Baculovirus Vaccine in Protecting Muscovy and Pekin Ducks from Clade 2.3.4.4 H5N8 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Infection

Hesham A. Sultan,1, *

Abd-Elsatar Arafa,2 Shaimaa Talaat,

1 Alaa A. Gaballa,

1 Walid H.

Kilany,2 Wael K. Elfeil,

3 Awad A. Shehata,

1 N. Amarin

4

1Department of Bird and Rabbit Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City,

Egypt 2Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health

Research, Egypt 3Department of Avian and Rabbit Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Suez Canal,

Egypt 4Boehringer Ingelheim, Middle East and North Africa, Dubai, United Arab Emirates

Abstract

In late 2016, a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus subtype H5N8 clade 2.3.4.4 was reported in Egypt in migratory birds; subsequently, the virus spread to backyard and commercial poultry in several Egyptian governorates, causing severe economic losses to the poultry industry. Here, a recombinant subunit commercial H5 vaccine prepared from the clade 2.3.2 H5 segment on baculovirus was evaluated in Pekin ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) and Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata) in Biosafety Level 3 isolators by using two vaccination regimes: either a single dose on day 10 and a challenge on day 31 or a double dose on days 10 and 28 and a challenge on day 49. The protection parameters were evaluated after experimental infection with the Egyptian HPAI H5N8 isolate clade 2.3.4.4b (A/common-coot/Egypt/CA285/2016) based on mortality rate, clinical signs, gross lesions, seroconversion, virus shedding, and histopathologic changes. In the single-dose vaccination regime, the mortality rate in Muscovy and Pekin ducks was 10% and 0% vs. 40% and 0% in nonvaccinated challenged ducks, respectively. In the double-dose vaccination regime, the mortality rates in Muscovy and Pekin ducks were 0% and 0% vs. 60% and 40% in nonvaccinated challenged ducks, respectively. Muscovy ducks developed more severe clinical signs and gross lesions than Pekin ducks. In addition, tracheal viral shedding in challenged Muscovy ducks, in the single-dose vaccination regime, was 50%, 22%, and 0% at 3, 5, and 7 days postchallenge (DPC), respectively, and was 0% in all Pekin ducks vs. 100% in all challenged nonvaccinated Muscovy and Pekin ducks at 3, 5, and 7 DPC. The viral shedding in challenged Muscovy and Pekin ducks, in the double-dose vaccination regime, was 0% at 3, 5, and 7 DPC vs. 100% in nonvaccinated challenged Muscovy and Pekin ducks, respectively. The results of this study indicate that the H5 baculovirus–based vaccine can be used in ducks with better vaccination regime based on double-dose vaccination at 10 and 28 days of age. In addition, they highlight the need to evaluate the efficacy of currently used commercial vaccines against challenge with the newly emerged HPAI H5N8 clade 2.3.4.4 in the field in Egypt to ensure proper control strategy in ducks.

Avian Disease 2019

239–(3): 233

Pag 96


Protective Efficacy of Different Live Attenuated Infectious Bronchitis Virus Vaccination Regimes Against Challenge With IBV Variant-2 Circulating in the Middle East

Hesham A. Sultan1†, Ahmed Ali 2*†, Wael K. El Feil 3, Abdel Hamid I. Bazid4, Mohamed A. Zain El-Abideen5 and Walid H. Kilany 5

1 Birds and Rabbit Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sadat City University, Sadat City, Egypt, 2 Poultry Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt, 3 Poultry Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt, 4 Virology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sadat City University, Sadat City, Egypt, 5 Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Giza, Egypt

Abstract

Six vaccination regimes using classical (Mass-type) and variant (IB-VAR2 and IB-793B) live vaccines were evaluated against Middle Eastern variant-2 infectious bronchitis virus challenge. Six groups of SPF chicks (30 birds/group) were vaccinated using prime-boost regimes at day-1 and day-14 using; IB-M41:IB-VAR2, IB-VAR2:IB-VAR2, IB-VAR2:IB-M41, IB-Ma5:IB-793B, IB-793B:IB-793B, and IB-793B:IB-Ma5, respectively. Ciliostasis and lesion scores were evaluated at day-5 after each vaccination. Birds were challenged intranasally at 14-day post 2nd vaccination using 105EID50/0.1 ml/bird of wild-type IBV (Eg/1212B/2012). At 3, 5, and 7-day post challenge (DPC) virus shedding was monitored by real-time RT-PCR. Five chicks/group were euthanized at 7DPC for ciliostasis and lesion scoring and histopathology was conducted on 3 chicks/group. Seroconversion was evaluated at 14 DPC. All groups primed with the 793B vaccine showed relatively higher ciliostasis scores compared to other groups. The IB-VAR2 vaccinated groups showed the highest protection rates (80–100%) and high protection score (67.6–73.2%) compared to the 793B vaccine groups (50–60%). The virus shedding was significantly reduced at 3 and 5DPC in groups received the IBV-VAR2 (prime or booster) compared to those received the 793B vaccine. In conclusion, the homologous IBV-VAR2 vaccine showed superior results compared to 793B or Mass-type vaccines confirming the importance of IBV vaccine seed homology to the circulating IBV strains.

Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2019 (6): 1-8

Pag 97


Variations in pathogenicity and molecular characterization of infectious bursal

disease virus (IBDV) in Egypt

1Mohamed S. Diab,

2Mohamed S. Abd El Hafez,

3Mohamed A. Ashry and

4Wael K. Elfeil

1Department of Animal Hygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley Branch,

Assiut University, New Valley, Egypt

2Poultry Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley Branch, Assiut University,

New Valley, Egypt

3Kom Hamadah Fever Hospital, El-Behera Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Egypt

4Avian and Rabbit Medicine department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia,

Egypt

Abstract Infectious bursal disease consider a vital threat to poultry industry worldwide and It has special potentiality in

Egypt as the country become endemic with several clades from avian influenza from both types highly

pathogenic (H5N1 and H5N8) and low pathogenic one (H9N2). The Egyptian government depends on the

inactivated vaccine strategy to control avian influenza and any infection with IBD in broiler flocks alter the

inactivated vaccine response in addition to other economic loss from the IBD infections. The present study was

conducted to investigate the variations in pathogenicity and molecular characterization of IBDV in Egypt. Twenty-

six bursal samples were collected from different chicken farms during the period of June 2015 to April 2016; the

virus was isolated by inoculation of bursal suspension into 10-11 days ECE via CAM. Reverse Transcriptase

Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) was applied for IBD targeting Hypervariable Region (HVR) of VP2 gene. Out

of 26 tested isolates, 11 isolates were positive by RT-PCR. Sequence analysis of PCR products of 11 positive

isolates were carried out and revealed that all +ve isolates were characterized as very virulent (vvIBDV) strains

and they showed 80.6-97.5% identity with Giza 2008 IBD strain. Six selected positive vvIBDV isolates were used

to study the pathogenicity of IBDV in 105 one-day-old SPF chickens. At day 211st the SPF chickens were divided

into 7 groups 15 bird/each, the groups 1-6 were experimentally infected with 0.1 mL of EID50 of 6 selected

positive IBDV field isolates via naso-ocular route. Group 7 kept as non-infected control. Experimental infection

caused clinical signs and gross lesions typical for IBDV and mortalities ranged from 26.7 to 80% as well as

bursal/body weight index lower than 0.7 indicating bursal atrophy. The Microscopical examination of bursal

samples collected at days 3 and 7 post-infection revealed different degrees of histopathological bursal changes

as lymphoid depletion with proliferating interfollicular connective tissue, atrophy of the follicles, stromal edema

and associated with inflammatory response. The circulating strains were highly related to vvIBDV strains

belonging to serotype-1 isolates and indicating that they are highly pathogenic to 21-day-old SPF chickens and

that vvIBDV strains succeeded in surviving in the Egyptian farms despite of the application of intensive

vaccination programs.

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences 2019 (13)76-86

Pag 98


Field Efficacy of an Attenuated Infectious Bronchitis Variant 2 Virus

Vaccine in Commercial Broiler Chickens

Mohamed A. Elhady 1, *

, Ahmed Ali 2, Walid H. Kilany

3, Wael K. Elfeil

4, *, Hytham Ibrahim

5,

Ahmed Nabil 6, Ahmed Samir

7 and Magdy El Sayed

1 Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt 2 Poultry Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 65211, Egypt 3 Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production (NLQP), Animal Health Research Institute, P.O. Box 264, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt 4 Avian and Rabbit Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt 5 Poultry Disease Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, Egypt 6 Middle East for Veterinary Vaccine Company, Second Industrial Area, El-Salihya El-Gededa, El-Sharkia 44671, Egypt; 7 Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt;

Abstract

Egyptian poultry suffer from frequent respiratory disease outbreaks associated with Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) variant 2 strains (Egy/VarII). Different vaccination programs using imported vaccines have failed to protect the flocks from field challenge. Recent studies confirmed a successful protection using homologous strains as live attenuated vaccines. In this study, a newly developed live attenuated IB-VAR2 vaccine representing the GI-23 Middle East IBV lineage was evaluated in day-old commercial broilers in an IBV-endemic area. A commercial broiler flock was vaccinated with the IB-VAR2 vaccine at day-old age followed by IB-H120 at day 16. The vaccinated flock was monitored on a weekly basis till the slaughter age. The health status and growth performance were monitored and selected viral pathogen real-time RT-PCR (rRT-PCR) detection was conducted on a weekly basis. Finally, the flock was compared to a nearby farm with only the classical IB-H120 vaccination program. Results showed that the IB-VAR2 vaccine was tolerable in day-old broiler chicks. The IBV virus rRT-PCR detection was limited to the trachea as compared to its nephropathogenic parent virus. Respiratory disease problems and high mortalities were reported in the IB-H120-only vaccinated flock. An exposure to a wild-type Egy/VarII strain was confirmed in both flocks as indicated by partial IBV S1 gene sequence. Even though the IB-VAR2-vaccinated flock performance was better than the flock that received only IB-H120, the IBV ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and log2 Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody mean titers remained high (3128 ± 2713 and ≥9 log2, respectively) until the 28th day of age. The current study demonstrates the safety and effectiveness of IB-VAR2 as a live attenuated vaccine in day-old commercial broilers. Also, the combination of IB-VAR2 and classical IBV vaccines confers a broader protective immune response against IBV in endemic areas.

Veterinary Science

2018

(5) 1-9

Pag 99


Evaluation of Some Vaccination Programs in Protection of Experimentally

Challenged Broiler Chicken against Newcastle Disease Virus

1Mousa A. Ayoub,

2#Wael K. Elfeil,

1Diaa El Boraey,

3Haitham Hammam and

4Mohamed, A.

Nossair

1Department of Animal Hygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhur University

2Department of Avian and Rabbit Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University

3Department of Avian and Rabbit Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University

4Department of Animal Hygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University

Abstract The current study was carried out to evaluate efficiency of different vaccination programs in

protecting broiler chicken against Virulent Viscerotropic Strain of Newcastle disease virus. Different

live and inactivated NDV vaccines were used throughout the experiment including; ND-HB1,Elite,

LaSota, Inactivated GII and Inactivated GVII. Broiler chicks were divided into 8 groups; 6 groups

undergo different vaccination programs against NDV while two groups were kept without

vaccination to be the control groups. Challenge was done at day 30th

of age via intranasal

administration of NDV velogenic GVII (NDV/CK/Egypt/567F/2012). Abs titers were determined at days

1, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days of the experiment. The obtained results of shedding titers of NDV

clarified that the lowest shedding titer was recorded in group vaccinated by HB + double shots of

Inactivated GVII + Elite + LaSota and HB + double shots of Inactivated GII + Elite + LaSota, then

group vaccinated by HB + one shot of Inactivated GVII + Elite + LaSota and HB + one shot of

Inactivated GII + Elite + LaSota at days 3, 5, 7 and 9 post challenge day at 30th

, respectively

compared to those vaccinated by live vaccines HB + LaSota only and HB + Elite + LaSota only. Also,

no mortalities (100% protection rate) were recorded in groups vaccinated with both live and

inactivated NDV vaccines compared to low mortality rates recorded in groups vaccinated with live

vaccines only. Based on the recorded results, it was concluded that application of ND vaccination

programs containing both live and double inactivated vaccines (either GII or GVII) was found to be

more effective than those depending on one shot of inactivated vaccine (either GII or GVII) plus live

vaccines and more effective than program including live vaccines only.

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences 2019

(14) 197-206

Pag 100


Occurrence of avian influenza H5N1 among chicken, duck farms and

human in Egypt

1Mohamed S. Diab,

2Mohamed S. Abd El Hafez,

3Mohamed A. Ashry and

4Wael K. Elfeil

1Department of Animal Hygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley

Branch, Assiut University, New Valley, Egypt

2Poultry Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley Branch, Assiut

University, New Valley, Egypt

3Kom Hamadah Fever Hospital, El-Behera Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Egypt

4Avian and Rabbit Medicine department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal


Abstract

Avian influenza (AI) H5N1 virus consider a potential threat to the poultry industry with sever

zoonotic effect associated with a high risk on human being associated with the poultry production.

The disease become endemic in Egypt and cause more than 359 confirmed human infection cases in

the last few years. Samples (serum and tissues) collected from 160 poultry farms that suspected to

be infected with H5N1. Samples were collected from 75 broiler chicken farms, 55 broiler duck farms

and 30-layer duck farms. As well as 115 human samples (serum and throat swabs) collected from

persons suffering from respiratory manifestations and have a history of contact with infected birds.

Samples were examined using Haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test and Reverse Transcription Real

Time PCR (RT- qPCR) for detection of avian influenza H5N1 virus. HI test detect H5N1 antibodies in

71 poultry samples out of 160 (44.4%). While, RTq-PCR detect H5N1 in 13 out of 160 samples (8.1%).

On the other hand, HI test detect H5N1 antibodies in six human sample out of 115 human cases

(5.2%) while, RT- qPCR detect H5N1 in two human samples out of 115 human cases (1.7%). There

was an increase in rate of highly pathogenic avian influenza transmission from poultry-to-human.

Adaption of AI virus was increased to duck flocks with higher percentage of vaccinal escape. Thus,

there is a need to give more attention to the vaccination programs and increasing the usage of the

vaccines prepared from Egyptian H5N1 virus or update the current vaccines with the isolates

representing the circulating virus in the Egyptian market. All these measures will increase the

protection level in poultry farms and intern decrease the risk of human infection rates.

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences 2019 (14) 26-32

Pag 101


Evaluation of the antibody response of two local Saudi lines and

commercial chickens vaccinated against Newcastle diseases virus and

infectious bursal disease virus

Mohamed El Sayed (1) *, Yousef Alyousef (1) *, Ahmed Al Sayed (1) **, and Wael Elfeil (2) **

(1) Avian Research Center, King Faisal University, Alahssa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

(2) Avian and Rabbit Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal

University, Ismailia, Egypt.

Abstract

Two lines of local Saudi chicken, Hajar-l and Hajar-2, were developed by researchers in

King Faisal University. Their physiological and immunological performances are still

under investigation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the immunological response of

vaccinated and non-vaccinated chicks against Newcastle and infectious bursal diseases in

the Saudi lines compared with commercial line. One hundred-eighty one-day-old chicks

were divided into three equal groups; Hajarl, Hajar2 and commercial Hisex. Each group

was further subdivided into two equal subgroups, vaccinated and non-vaccinated. Blood

samples were collected from all chicks at weekly interval starting from the second week of

age for four weeks. Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique was

used to assess the antibody titer against Newcastle and Infectious bursal disease viruses

in addition to measuring weekly body weight. The results of this study showed that both

local Saudi chicken lines had the same body weight gain like the commercial one (p >

0.05). Concerning vaccinated groups, Hisex chicken breed showed significant higher

antibody titer (p < 0.05) against Newcastle and Infectious bursal disease viruses in the

second and third weeks samples compared to Hajar-1 and Hajar-2. However, Non-

vaccinated local Saudi lines Hajar-1 and Hajar-2 showed better immunity at four weeks old

against the two major viral threads compared to the commercial line (Hisex). It could be

concluded that non-vaccinated Hajar-1 and Hajar-2 lines high immunity at older age

indicates the potential breeding advantage of these lines as possible source of immunity

under non- vaccination condition.

Scientific Journal of King Faisal University 2019 (20) 105-113

Pag 102


Emergence of foot and mouth disease virus, Lib-12 lineage of topotype VII, serotype SAT2 in Egypt, 2018

Mohamed A. Soltan1, Ragab M. A. Dohreig

2, Hussein Abbas

3, Mohamed Ellawa

4, Ibrahim

Yousif5, Ayman E. Aly

5, Momtaz Wasfy

6, Magdy M. El‐Sayed

6

1 Department of Veterinary Medicine, Infectious Diseases Division, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt. 2 Animal Reproduction Research Institute, Alexandria, Egypt. 3 Alexandria, Egypt. 4 Ganat El-reda Dairy Farm, Ismailia, Egypt. 5 Sharquia, Egypt. 6 Middle East for Veterinary vaccines (MEVAC), Salhea, Egypt.

Abstract

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious and sometimes fatal viral disease of cloven

footed animals. The disease exhibits overwhelming economic impacts and has been caused by

seven antigenically distinct foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotypes; O, A, C, Asia1, SAT1,

SAT2 and SAT3, all belonging to genus Aphthovirus, Family picornaviradae. Further genetic analysis

of viral protein 1 (VP1 gene) classifies the strains within each serotype into topotypes, lineages and/

or genotypes; this classification is important for studying virus molecular epidemiology and tracing

the source of newly emerging strains. During 2018, many farm owners and veterinarian in Egypt

complained from FMDV outbreaks. The disease was severe in buffalo in comparison to cattle.

Therefore, Oral epithelium samples were collected from acutely infected animals in different

governorates; the total RNA was extracted and tested by two‐step real time (rt) RT‐PCR, targeting the

highly conserved 3D region of FMDV for the detection and relative quantification of the virus.

Samples containing high viral load were tested by a panel of serotype specific primers to amplify the

full length of VP1 region by RT‐PCR. The amplicons were sequenced and analyzed for genetic

characterization. Interestingly, most of tested samples by RT‐PCR were positive for serotype SAT2

and phylogenetic analysis of 11 samples showed the clustering of characterized strains in topotype

VII, Lib12 lineage. Therefore, this strain may have been introduced to Egypt from Libya. Outbreaks

are still reported all over the country and Egyptian veterinary authorities responded by starting an

emergency vaccination campaigns using a locally produced monovalent vaccine containing this

exotic strain. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the circulation of this exotic

lineage in Egypt.

Transboundary and emerging diseases journal 2019

1106-(3):1105

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/doSearch?ContribAuthorStored=Soltan%2C+Mohamed+A

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/doSearch?ContribAuthorStored=Dohreig%2C+Ragab+M+A

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/doSearch?ContribAuthorStored=Abbas%2C+Hussein

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/doSearch?ContribAuthorStored=Ellawa%2C+Mohamed

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/doSearch?ContribAuthorStored=Yousif%2C+Ibrahim

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/doSearch?ContribAuthorStored=Yousif%2C+Ibrahim

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/doSearch?ContribAuthorStored=Aly%2C+Ayman+E

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/doSearch?ContribAuthorStored=Wasfy%2C+Momtaz

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/doSearch?ContribAuthorStored=El-Sayed%2C+Magdy+M

Pag 103


Pag 104


Did USAID promote economic growth prior to the 2011 Egyptian

Revolution?

Mostafa E. AboElsoud

Faculty of Commerce. Suez Canal University, Egypt

Abstract

The effectiveness of foreign AID, specifically, the role it plays in promoting growth in

developing countries, is one of the most debated issues in the field of economics. Despite

the enormous resources channeled to developing countries over the past decades, only

limited tangible results can be observed. The literature on AID effectiveness is vast. Yet,

the results are inconclusive.

This paper examines the impact of economic AID provided by the United States on

Egyptian economic growth before the Egyptian revolution in 2011, more precisely,

Mubarak’s era. The paper uses a Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model and Granger

causality test to answer the question of whether the U.S. Agency for International

Development (USAID) has been conductive to growth in Egypt over the period 1981-2010.

The results reveal that USAID has no impact on the Egyptian economic growth. The

recommendations put forward by this paper are measures that Egyptian policymakers can

undertake to increase AID effectiveness. These measures include the reduction of

corruption, more active participation in delivering AID, greater accountability for AID

outcomes, and coordination of the activities of AID agencies.

Journal of Chinese Economic and Foreign Trade Studies

2018 235-219):3(

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Pag 105


Comparative advantage as a success factor in football clubs: Evidence

from the English Premier League (EPL)

c, Mostafa E. AboElsoud

bLasha Labadze,

aBojan Georgievski

a Assistant Professor of Finance, Business College, American University of the Middle

East, Kuwait b Assistant Professor of Finance, Business College, American University of the Middle

East, Kuwait c Assistant Professor of Economics, Faculty of Commerce, Suez Canal University, Ismailia,

Egypt

Abstract As in international trade, football clubs can benefit more if they specialize in what they have or can create comparative advantage. In a world of scarce resources, clubs need to identify what makes them successful and invest accordingly. The main objective of this study is to understand what influences the success of football teams in the English Premier League (EPL) championship games. Based on Ricardo’s model of comparative advantage and applying Factor analysis as well as Panel data approach, this study investigates the need for specialization and tradeoffs between defensive and offensive patterns of the game in order for EPL clubs to be more successful. The data used in this study covers the period 2010-2017 of the EPL data. The results reveal that, in general, a better defense is slightly more important for success. The outcomes were different for the top- and bottom-ranking clubs. We found that it is more important for bottom-ranking teams to play better defensively than offensively, while for top-performing teams, the probability of success is more affected by offensive style. In addition, there is a tradeoff between these two styles of play; when bottom-ranking teams try to play better defensively, it often comes at the expense of a poor offensive pattern, but almost no one plays offense at the expense of a poor defense. Unlike the bottom-ranking teams, the top-ranking teams did not face tradeoffs, but they were able to improve both their defensive and offensive patterns. The recommendation put forward by this study argue that bottom-ranking clubs should specialize first in defense.

Journal of Human Sport and Exercise 2019 (2), 292-314.

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Pag 106


The Role of Regional Media in Shaping Political Awareness of Youth:

Evidence from Egypt

Mahmoud Khalifa* Mostafa E. AboElsoud*,Amany A. Khodair*,

*Faculty of Commerce, Suez Canal University, Egypt.

Abstract

This paper is an exploratory study that aims to answer the question of whether regional

media is influential in shaping political awareness and hence have a significant role in

influencing public opinion, especially that of young people. To investigate this issue, we

examined regional media in Egypt, more precisely, in the Suez Canal Region.

In order to ensure the validity of our results, this paper deployed a number of different

data collection methods; the collection, analysis and integration of quantitative and

qualitative research.

The results reveal that regional media have the potential to contribute effectively in raising

youths’ political awareness of the public policy making process. The recommendations

specified by this paper are: the elimination of red tape, governmental bureaucracy, and

centralization in the management of regional radio and television is required; also

necessary are financial independence and the restructuring of the organizational hierarchy

of all state-run regional media.

Politics & Policy 2019

(6), 1095-1124

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Pag 107


Pag 108


Body Image, Self-esteem and Quality of Life among Stoma Patients

Mahmoud Abd El-Magied Ahmed1 Assist.Prof.Somaya Elsayed Abou-Abdou

2 Dr. Samia

Gaballah3.

1- Demonstrator, Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Suez Canal University. 2- Assistant Professor of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Suez Canal University. 3- Lecturer of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Suez Canal University.

Abstract

Background: Stoma surgery is considered a life-saving procedure in many cases especially with

cancer. Where, the existence and functioning of the stoma is associated with a number of changes

in patients’ everyday life. There is a dramatic change in one’s body image that can negatively

influence the individual self-esteem and quality of life. This study aims to evaluate body image, self-

esteem, and quality of life among stoma patients. Design: A descriptive study design was used.

Setting: The study was conducted in five hospitals in Ismailia city includes; two university hospitals

(Suez Canal University Hospitals and Suez Canal University Specialized Hospital) and three

governmental hospitals (Ismailia General Hospital, Ismailia Oncology Hospital, and Health Insurance

Hospital). Subject: A sample of (110) patients (69 male and 41 female) undergoing stoma surgery at

least two months after stoma creation. Tools of data collection: four tools were used for data

collection: tool (I) Demographic characteristics & physiological and psychological background

questionnaire. Tool (II): Body image scale. Tool (III): Self-esteem scale. Tool (IV): Fecal incontinence

quality of life scale (FIQL). Results: It was found that, nearly three quarter (75.7%) of the studied

subjects had a low body image and more than three quarter (77.3%) of the studied subjects had low

self-esteem. Also, it was found that stoma patients had a lower functional status of overall quality of

life, and in all quality of life domains. Additionally, there was a positive, statistically significant

correlation between body image, self-esteem, and quality of life. Conclusion: stoma creation has a

great negative impact on the patients (physical, social, psychological, spiritual, and sexual) life.

Therefore the studied subjects have a lower level of body image, self-esteem, and low functional

status of quality of life. Recommendation: counseling sessions as well as pre and post- operative

education for stoma patients and care givers, should be conducted that will help them to accept their

stoma in better way. Key words: Body image, quality of life, self-esteem, stoma patient.

IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science 2019 (2), 47-57

Pag 109


Effect Of Ginger On Relieving Nausea And Vomiting During Pregnancy

Asmaa Morgan Farahat Khatap1 Dr. Aziza Ahmed Attia

2 Dr. Inas Mohamed Abd Allah

3 Dr.

Eman Ahmed Fouad Kishk4

1-Assistant lecturer, Maternity& Gynecologic Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Suez Canal University 2-Professor of Maternity& Gynecological Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Ain-Shams University 3-Assistant Professor of Maternal & Gynecological Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Suez Canal University 4-Assistant Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University

Abstract

Background, Nausea and vomiting affect 50-90% of women in the first trimester of pregnancy. Ginger is one of non-pharmacologic methods can help women to copes with these symptoms of pregnancy. Aim of the study, was to evaluate the effect of using ginger on relieving nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. Design, a quasi-experimental design was adopted. Setting, MCH centers of Hai el-Salam and AL Shohadaa in Ismailia city. Sample, convenient sample of 80 pregnant women fulfilled the selection criteria were divided into2 groups Ginger group and standard medical treatment (control group).

Tools of data collection, three tools were used; Structured Interview questionnaire, Visual Analogue Scale and Rhodes Index Scale.

Results, based on Visual Analogue Scale; pain related to nausea and vomiting decreased among studied pregnant women who receiving ginger than women in control group with statistical significant difference. According to the mean of the total Rhodes index score; the criteria of nausea and vomiting decreased significantly among women receiving ginger(12.63±5.886) compared to control group ( 16.78± 7.694). Conclusions, based on these findings; this study concluded that, ginger were effective in reducing nausea and vomiting during pregnancy compared to medical treatment standard.

Recommendation, involve applying ginger supplement as a method of management of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy at MCH centers.


Pag 110


Implementing Of An Educational Program On Patients' Knowledge And

Self-Efficacy Regarding Recurrent Cerebrovascular Stroke

Mohamed G. Elbqry¹, Wafaa I. Sherif², Naglaa E. Mahdy³, Samia H. Gaballah1 , Ashraf M.

Altantawy4

¹Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Suez Canal University, Egypt 2 Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Egypt

3 Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Ain Shams University, Egypt

4 Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Egypt

Abstract

Cerebrovascular stroke "CVS", also known as "brain attack": is an umbrella term of the common, crippling, and a deadly serious neurologic disease that causes a sudden loss of brain function. Recurrent CVS declared as an individual's history of a previous CVS, can be prevented through effective adherence with therapeutic regimen to enhance individual's self-efficacy. Aim:the aim was to evaluate effect of educational program on knowledge and self-efficacy among patients with recurrent cerebrovascular stroke. Methodology: Setting: The study was conducted at Neuropsychiatry Department at Suez Canal University Hospitals. Design: A quasi-experimental research design was used (one group pre post-test). Subject: A purposive sample of eighty-four adult patients with recurrent cerebrovascular stroke was chosen. Tools: Assessment questionnaire was used to assess the patient's demographic characteristics, medical history and interview questionnaire to assess the patients' level of knowledge regarding cerebrovascular stroke, stroke self-efficacy questionnaire to assess the strength of an individual's belief in their individual ability to respond difficult or new situations was used. Result: There was positive significant correlation between the studied patient's level of knowledge at the pre, post and follow-up phase of the study. Also, there was positive significant correlation between the studied patient's stroke selfefficacy score at the pre, post and follow-up phase of the study. Conclusion: Effective implementation of educational program on the studied patients' is necessary to increase the level of knowledge and self-efficacy among patients with recurrent cerebrovascular stroke. Recommendation: Establishing recurrent cerebrovascular stroke's counseling with specialized professional teams is necessary to provide knowledge regarding recurrent cerebrovascular stroke and how to improve patients' self-efficacy.

The Malaysian Journal Of Nursing 2019 (2), 9 pages

Pag 111


Effect of Educational Program on knowledge, Adherence and Self-Efficacy

among Patients with Recurrent Cerebrovascular Stroke

Mohamed G. Elbqry¹, Wafaa I. Sherif², Naglaa E. Mahdy³, Samia H. Gaballah4 , Ashraf M.

Altantawy5

¹Assistant Lecturer of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Suez Canal University, Egypt

2 Professor of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Egypt

3Professor of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Ain Shams University, Egypt

4 Lecturer of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Suez Canal University, Egypt

5 Professor of Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University,

Egypt

Abstract

Recurrent cerebrovascular stroke (CVS) is a catastrophic disease, known as an individual's history

of a previous cerebrovascular stroke; more than 80% of CVS can be prevented, through effective

Adherence with therapeutic regimen to enhance individual's self-efficacy. The aim: was to evaluate

effect of educational program on knowledge, adherence and self-efficacy among patients with

recurrent cerebrovascular stroke. Methodology: Setting: Neuropsychiatry department at Suez Canal

University hospitals. Design: a quasi-experimental research design. Subject: a purposive sample of

eighty four adult patients with recurrent CVS. Tools: Assessment questionnaire to assess the

patients' demographic characteristics, medical history and Interview questionnaire tool to assess

the patients' level of knowledge regarding CVS, patients' level of adherence with therapeutic

regimens among patients with recurrent CVS,Stroke Self-efficacy questionnaire to assess the

strength of an individual’s belief in own ability to respond difficult or new situations. Result: All of

the studied patients had an improvement of satisfactory level of knowledge and adherence with

therapeutic regimens (medication, diet, rest & sleep, exercise and follow up) regarding recurrent

cerebrovascular stoke at the study phases. There was statistical significant correlation between

total knowledge score and total adherence scores, also between total adherence score and total

self-efficacy scores among the studied patients at the study phases. Conclusion: effective

implemented educational program on the studied patients' level of knowledge, adherence and self-

efficacy among patients with recurrent cerebrovascular stroke. Recommendation: establishing

centralized specialized units in the hospital to be concerned with teaching patients to modify their

lifestyle "weight, diet, family relations…" to ensure the importance of adherence. Key Words:

Recurrent cerebrovascular stroke, Patient's adherence, Self-efficacy.


Pag 112


Pag 113


Projections of Future Beach Loss along the Mediterranean Coastline of

Egypt Due to Sea-Level Rise

Mahmoud Sharaan a, *

and Keiko Udo b

a

Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia,

Egypt. b International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

Abstract

Beach loss and shoreline retreat caused by sea level rise (SLR) is considered one of the most worldwide significant issues. The Mediterranean coastline of Egypt (approximately 1066 km) is likely to face beach erosion, particularly in the low-lying and sandy coastal areas in the future as a direct response to SLR. Consequently, the projection of future shoreline recession and corresponding beach loss due to SLR using the Bruun rule were investigated to assess the proper impacts of SLR on the shoreline recession and beach loss. In addition, the uncertainties ratios associated with SLR scenarios and sediment sizes were assessed. Furthermore, this study investigated the influence of local land subsidence in combination with SLR scenarios on the shoreline recession and associated beach loss along the Nile Delta coastline. The ensemble-mean regional SLR data included representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios and 21 models of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5). The projected shoreline retreats and associated average beach loss in the future 2081-2100 were ranged from 12.6 m and 11.3 km2 to 41.9 m and 19.2 km2 for the ensemble-mean SLR RCP2.6 and RCP8.5, respectively. The uncertainty caused by the sediment size of 0.15 to 0.35 mm ranged from 17% to 30% for RCP2.6 and RCP8.5, respectively. The projected annual shoreline retreats ranged from 0.36 to 0.65 m/yr for the ensemble-mean SLR in combination with local land subsidence for RCP2.6 and 0.48 to 0.85 m/yr for RCP8.5, respectively. Highly vulnerable areas to shoreline recession for SLR and local land subsidence were detected from EL-Manzala lake to Port Said coastlines, Abo Qir bay, from Rosetta to Damietta promontories, and Alexandria coastline. Thus, shoreline retreat and associated beach loss due to SLR is an urgent issue that should be addressed through the integrated coastal zone management strategies of Egypt.

Applied Ocean Research 2019

12 pages

Pag 114


Enabling efficient use of oxy-hydrogen gas (HHO) in selected engineering

applications; transportation and sustainable power generation

Tamer Nabil , Mohamed M.Khairat Dawood

Mechanical Engineering Department, Suez Canal University, 41522, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

The sustainability of fuels and power generation with cleaner production of exhaust gases

is considered one of the most important goals that the world seeks. The electrolysis

process of water produces oxyhydrogen gas (HHO) that can be used as an energy source

to solve the shortage problem of fossil fuel and reduces the environmental pollution. The

availability of water guarantees the sustainability. In this study, HHO dry cell generator

was designed, fabricated and tested experimentally to investigate its performance. The

hybrid internal combustion engines using HHO gas is considered one of the most

important studied applications. The engine performance and gas emission are

investigated for two different engines; 150CC with carburetor and 1300CC with Electronic

Control Unit (ECU). The results recorded the consumption of the fuel was reduced by

14.8% for 150CC engine and 16.3% for 1300CC engine. HHO gas reduced the emitted gases

(clean production) by 33% and 24.5% reduction in CO and27.4% and 21% reduction in HC

for 150CC and 1300CC engines respectively. A new application of HHO gas is to use it in

water desalination. A hybrid solar still using oxy-hydrogen is investigated and its

productivity of distilled water was examined. The proposed new system of water

desalination can work throughout the day and it has a daily accumulative distilled water

productivity 19.1 l/m2, i.e. 4.8 times higher than the conventional system, but its efficiency

is lower than the conventional system. HHO gas has different domestic and industrial

studied applications with high efficiency such as cooking, welding and cutting. So, HHO

gas can work individually and hybrid as an efficient fuel.

Journal of Cleaner Production

2019

(237) 1-14



Pag 115


Achievement of humidification and dehumidification desalination system

by utilizing a hot water sprayer and ultrasound waves techniques

Ali I.ShehataaA.E.Kabeel

bMohamed M.Khairat Dawood

cMohamed M.Abo Elazm

aAbdalla

M.AbdallacAhmedMehanna

a

aMechanical Engineering Department, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime

Transport, Alexandria, Egypt bMechanical Power Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

cMechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

An experimental investigation on the solar system for water desalination was conducted according to the methodology of humidification-dehumidification. Tests have been properly designed and constructed to efficiently assess the productivity of fresh water during the three summer months under local weather conditions of Alexandria, Egypt. The heated air is humidified through two sequent stages, the primary stage is achieved through employing a heated water spatter from the evacuated solar collector. The Further stage is employing an ultrasonic technique for its highly efficient humidification rate. The findings of fresh water output rate is affected by two main parameters; firstly the mass flow rates of both air and water spray, secondly solar radiation. Furthermore, an investigation of heated water spray flow rate over the total flow rate at four values of 0.175, 0.2, 0.25 and 0.3were done respectively. The maximum amount of daily productivity reaches to 44.8 kg/day with mass flow rate of 0.46 kg/s for air, while hot water spray ratio of 0.3. The ultrasonic humidifier improves the daily productivity by 9.3% at 0.24 kg/s and 14.6% at the maximum value of the air mass flow rate 0.46 kg/s. Economic analysis showed that the fresh water cost is about 0.0144 USD/L.

Energy Conversion and Management 2019 (201) 112142

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196890419311483

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196890419311483








Pag 116


Assessment of Degradation of Railroad Rails: Finite Element Analysis of

Insulated Joints and Unsupported Sleepers

Hossam Elsayed, Mohamed Lotfy, Haytham Zohny and Hany Sobhy

Civil Engineering Departement Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University

Ismailia 41522 Egypt

Abstract

This research investigates the response of rail material using an elastic-plastic finite-

element framework. The implications of unsupported sleepers and insulated rail joints

which represent sources of stiffness discontinuity in railroad lines were included. The

nonlinear response of wheel-rail material was considered. The developed finite-element

model has been supported by an analytical method to assess the onset of fatigue cracks

in rails. Deflections, strains, stresses, and crack initiation parameters were obtained. The

results showed good compatibility with the field observations, Hertz’s theory, and

equivalent studies. The findings showed the high sensitivity of plastic flow and rail

material fatigue to the value of rail deflection which on the contrary has a meagre impact

on the magnitudes of stresses. In addition, insulated rail joints due to stress singularity

have a hurtful influence on the quantities of stresses, plastic deformation, and fatigue life.

However, this effect plummets with increasing depth. For all cases, cracks initiate at the

rail’s surface knowing that the simulated friction coefficient between wheel and rail is 0.35

and the applied wheel load is 110 kN. Additionally, 15 mm depth is enough to study the

nonlinear characteristics of rail materials. And finally, unsupported sleepers accelerate the

electrical failure, which causes troublesome traffic disturbances, at insulated rail joints.

Journal of Mechanics of Materials and Structures

2019 (3) 429–448

Pag 117


Biosorption of phosphorus, total suspended and dissolved solids by dried Phragmites australis: isotherm, kinetic and interactive response surface methodology (IRSM) in oil and soap-derivatives industrial wastewater

Ghada Heikala,*, Abeer El Shahawyb

aEnvironmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, PO Box 44519,

Zagazig, Egypt, emails: [email protected], [email protected]

bDepartment of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, PO Box 41522,

Ismailia, Egypt.

Abstract

Releasing phosphorus (P) in contaminated water straightforwardly into the sea-going condition prompts asset misfortune and simulates eutrophication in existence of nitrogen. In this manner, expelling P from squander streams is basic. In this investigation, Phragmites australis as an ease biosorbent was intended to viably adsorb P, total suspended solids (TSS), and total dissolved solids (TDS) from genuine modern wastewater. P. australis was portrayed through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy examination, trailed by SEM investigation, studying the influenced parameters, lastly, isotherm and active adsorption explore additionally occurred. P. australis was found to have favored P, TSS, and TDS biosorption capacity. The Freundlich isotherm fits the biosorption procedure satisfactorily of phosphorus, TSS, and TDS with R2 = 0.998, 0.999, and 0.999, respectively. Then again, the pseudo-first-order kinetics demonstrates fits biosorption procedure of TSS with qe = 117.436 mg g−1 however, pseudo-second-order kinetics shows well fits the biosorption of P and TDS with qe = 6.5189 and 1,250 mg g−1. Hence, P. australis is an ecological neighborly and minimal effort sorbent for P evacuation.

Desalination and Water Treatment

2019

(137) 243–259

Pag 118


Organic pollutants removal by flocculation process using ferric

chloride/cationic polyelectrolyte for wastewater agricultural reuse

Mohamed Y. Eddeeba, Ghada Heikalb, Abeer El Shahawyc,*

aCivil Engineering, Technical Department, Concord for Engineering & Contracting, Cairo.

bEnvironmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University,

Postal code 44519, Egypt

cDepartment of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, PO Box

41522, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

A physicochemical treatment (coagulation–flocculation–sedimentation) was applied for

drainage wastewater using ferric chloride (FeCl3) aided by cationic polyacrylamide

(SedipurCF304BASF) as flocculant to evaluate the effectiveness of

coagulation/flocculation/sedimentation method for removal of total chemical oxygen

demand (COD), filtered COD, total suspended solid (TSS), total phosphorus (TP), turbidity

and sludge volume production. An Imhoff and jar test has been conducted to locate the

optimum settling time and dose of the coagulant and flocculant to be used. The optimum

removal efficiency was obtained by adding 50 ppm FeCl3 with 2 ppm cationic

polyelectrolyte (CP) dose. The achieved maximum removal efficiencies were 99%, 99.29%,

99.27%, 73.08%, 99.98% of TCOD, FCOD, TSS, TP and turbidity, respectively at pH = 7.7.

The dual use of ferric chloride and CP resulted in 6 mL/L sludge volume production with

reduction of 60% of the amount produced, during using only FeCl3. It can be concluded

from this study that treated wastewater could be safely used for agricultural purposes

according to Egyptian law for irrigation. The maximum operating cost was found to be

equal to 0.5812 US$/m3, which corresponds to a coagulant dose of 50 mg/L and flocculent

dose of 2 mg/L.


2019

(140) 231–244

Pag 119


Organic pollutants removal from olive mill wastewater by coagulation and

electrocoagulation: application of Box-Behnken design (BBD)

Abeer El Shahawya,*, Shrouk Hassanb, Ebrahiem Esmail Ebrahiemc, Ibrahim El Kershd

aDepartment of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, PO Box 41522,

Ismailia, Egypt

bDepartment of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, PO Box 41522,

Ismailia, Egypt

cChemical Engineering Head Department Faculty of Engineering, El Minia University, Egypt

dDepartment of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, PO Box 41522,

Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

In this study, chemical coagulation and electrocoagulation (CC/EC) were evaluated as

alternatives for olive mill wastewater (OMW) treatment. Jar test was used to determine the

most favorable dosage of coagulant, pH of the process and proper flocculation time. CC

experiments were carried out using coagulants (alum, lime, ferric chloride and cement

dust). Coagulation efficiency was evaluated by measuring chemical oxygen demand

(COD), color and turbidity removal ratio. From Tukey test, it was established that alum was

more efficient than other coagulants. The maximum removal efficiency of COD and

turbidity were 42%, 66%, respectively. The optimum condition was achieved at 0.5 g/100 ml

of alum, pH = 6 and flocculation time ranging between 15 min to 25 min. This study used

aluminum plates as anode and cathode in electrocoagulation to study COD removal from

OMW. Its performance was optimized using Box-Behnken experimental Design and

Response Surface Methodology. The following EC optimal conditions were found: current

density = 60 mA/cm2, pH = 4 and electrolysis time 20 min. At these conditions, the

maximum COD removal ratio was 47% with an estimated operating cost of 1 USD/m3.


2019

(148) 102–118

Pag 120


An integrated bioaugmentation/electrocoagulation concept for olive mill

wastewater management and the reuse in irrigation of biofuel plants: a pilot

study

Hesham M. Abdulla1 & Sahar A. El-Shatoury1 & Abeer A. El-Shahawy2 & Safaa A. Ghorab3 &

Mahmoud Nasr4 & Martha E. Trujillo5

1 Botany Dept., Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University,P.O. Box 41522, Ismailia, Egypt 2 Civil Engineering Dept, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, P.O. Box 41522, Ismailia, Egypt 3 Forestry and Timber Trees Dept., Hort. Res. Institute, Agric.Research Center, Ismailia, Egypt 4 Department of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21544, Alexandria, Egypt 5 Department of Microbiology and Genetics, Edificio Departamental,University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain

Abstract

A consortium of highly degrading microorganisms was used in an integrated bioaugmentation/electrocoagulation process for treating olive mill wastewater. The system was investigated for treating 1 m3 day−1, at a pilot scale, for 2 years; hydraulic loading rate and organic loading rate were 2880 lm−2 day−1 and 37,930 g CODm−2 day−1, respectively. Average removal efficiency for COD, oils, and total phenols was 63.9%, 85.2%, and 43.6%, respectively. The olive mill consortium, OMC, consisted of seven actinomycete strains. The strains were confirmed, by 16S rDNA analysis, to belong to five Streptomyces, one Kitasatospora, and one Micromonospora strains, at 100–99.06% similarities. Hydrolytic enzyme activities of OMC strains were remarkably higher for degrading cellulosic and lipid constituents (enzyme-cumulative indices, 14–16.1), than the phenolic constituents (indices, 4.1–6.5). The establishment of actinomycetes in the treatment system was indicated by their increased counts in the biofilm at the end of the biofilter, reaching 13- fold higher than that in the control bed. The treated effluent was toxic to the seedlings of Jatropha curcas (Jatropha) and Simmondsia chinensis (Jojoba). Though its application in irrigation of 3-year-old Jatropha shrubs, significantly, enhanced the fruit yield up to 1.85- fold higher than the control, without affecting the seed oil content, after 3-month application, the irrigated soil showed insignificant changes in its biochemical properties. This developed bioaugmentation/electrocoagulation process can treat wastewater with extremely high organic strength, while its approximate construction and operational costs are limited to 0.03 and 0.51 US$ m−3, respectively. It produces a treated effluent that can be reused in irrigation of specific plants.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research

2019

26:15803–15815

Pag 121


Improving the performance of stepped solar still using a graphite and PCM

as hybrid store materials with internal reflectors coupled with evacuated

tube solar collector

A. E. Kabeel1 & Mohamed M. Khairat Dawood2 & Tamer Nabil2 & Bader Essa Alonafal2

1 Mechanical Power Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University,

Tanta, Egypt 2 Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

The present experimental study aims to improve the productivity of a stepped solar still.

The stepped solar still using PCM as latent storage materials with stillinternal reflectors

integrated with an evacuated tube collector (first case) and a stepped solar still using a

graphite and PCM as hybrid storage materials with still internal reflectors integrated with

an evacuated tube collector (second case) was designed, implemented and operated at

Tanta University under the climatic conditions of Egypt to obtain the better configuration.

This study illustrated to effects the graphite, PCM, still internal reflectors, and evacuated

tube solar collector on the stepped solar still performance. The results show that the daily

distillate productivity was varied between 11.24–11.29 and 13.6–13.62 L/m2 day for the first

case and the second case, respectively. The daily efficiency was varied between 42.55–

42.62% and 51.7–51.82% for the first case and the second case, respectively. These results

indicated that the second case is more effecient than the first case. The percentage

improved in the daily productivity for the second case as compared to thefirst case varied

between 20.64 and 21.05%. Also, the percentage improved in the daily efficiency for

thesecond case compared to the first case varied between 21.48 and 21.64%. Due to

increase the hot brackish water flow rate from 15 to 35 ml/h, the daily productivity

increases from10.54 to 12.08 l/m2 and from 12.88 to 14.42 l/m2 for the first case and the

second case, respectively.

Heat and Mass Transfer 2019

56:891–899

Pag 122


Hydrogen production, storage, transportation and key challenges with

applications: A review

Abdalla M.Abdallaab

ShahzadHossainac

Ozzan B.NisfindyaAtia

T.AzaddMohamedDawood

bAbul K.Azad

a

aFaculty of Integrated Technologies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, JalanTungku Link, Gadong BE

1410, Brunei Darussalam bMechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522,

Egypt cInstitute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, GPO Box

No. 3787, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh dDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Aberdeen, AB 24 3 FX, UK

Abstract

The energy demand worldwide has increased significantly with the increase in population. This is

because energy is needed in almost every activity. For example, in industry, working, cleaning,

transportation and commuting from one place to another. The majority of energy being used is

obtained from fossil fuels, which are not renewable resources and require a longer time to recharge

or return to its original capacity. Energy from fossil fuels is cheaper but it faces some challenges

compared to renewable energy resources. Thus, one of the most potential candidates to fulfill the

energy requirements are renewable resources and the most environmentally friendly fuel is

hydrogen (H2). Hydrogen exists mostly in plant materials and is not readily available in nature. It is

necessary to produce hydrogen from available feedstock (water), which covers 70% of the earth.

Moreover, hydrogen under standard pressure and temperature has an important merit; it can be

obtained from renewable resources. Although, currently it is produced from fossil fuels. Hydrogen

as a fuel is nonmetallic, non-toxic and can generate higher energy than gasoline on a mass basis.

However, to employ hydrogen as a fuel, extensive research is essential to investigate and design on-

board applications. Also, the cost of producing hydrogen (renewable) is expensive compared to

gasoline (fossil). Thus, the production of H2 from renewable resources and from fossil fuels requires

tremendous effort. One of these efforts is to generate H2 from biofuels as it is considered a

promising technique that can help manage hydrogen from food waste. In addition, hydrogen storage

materials are still lacking in both volumetric and gravimetric density. In this review, the key

challenges that hydrogen industry are confronting are introduced and highlighted to facilitate the

use of hydrogen as an alternative energy.

Energy Conversion and Management 2018

165: 602-627








Pag 123


Using MATLAB to model and simulate a photovoltaic system to produce

hydrogen

Tamer M. Ismaila,⁎, Khaled Ramzya,⁎, Basem E. Elnaghib, M.N. Abelwhabb, M. Abd El-

Salamc

a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt b Department of Electrical Power and Machines, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt c Department of Basic Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt

Abstract

Energy is currently the basis for development in different areas worldwide. Traditional sources of energy such as coal, oil, and nuclear energy have serious repercussions on the environment and are non-renewable energies. Therefore, renewable energy, like solar, wind, and marine energy, are alternatives. Egypt is considered an important country that has climatic averages allowing the exploitation of renewable energy. Solar energy is available in Egypt, especially in Upper Egypt, throughout the year. Different models have been created to estimate and predict the global solar radiation intensity due to the shortage of measuring stations. This study presents a mathematical model to estimate and predict the global solar radiation intensity in Egypt. This model is compared and validated against published measurements of global solar radiation intensity. Furthermore, this study introduces a hybrid system used to produce hydrogen (photovoltaic generator–PEM electrolyzer). Modelling and simulating methods is done by running a flowchart in MATLAB to minimize the losses in the system and increase the quantity of hydrogen produced. The simulation includes the global solar radiation estimation and the photovoltaic generator–PEM electrolyzer. The experiment was conducted in March in Suez city, Egypt. The results obtained showed that the model of global solar radiation gives a good prediction for estimating the intensity of global solar radiation in Egypt. Furthermore, they concluded that there is a significant improvement in system performance that signifies an increase in the volume of hydrogen produced by the system. The whole model is simulated, and the simulation results fit the experimental data very well. The electrolyzer is powered by a PV panel and is modelled, sized, and experimentally validated.

Energy Conversion and Management 2019

185: 101–129


Pag 124


Experimental and theoretical investigation on the performance of a

biodiesel-powered engine from plant seeds in Egypt

Tamer M. Ismail a, *, Ding Lu b, Khaled Ramzy a, **, M. Abd El-Salam c, Guangsuo Yu b,

M.A. Elkady d, *** a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt b Key Laboratory of Coal Gasification and Energy Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai,200237, PR China c Department of Basic Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt d Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Al-Azhar, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

The use of non-edible vegetable oils as diesel engine fuel is a green solution which fosters energy security and reduces dependency on fossil fuels. Canola and jatropha plant seeds were adopted in this study based on their different physicochemical properties. Transesterification was used to upgrade the seedderived oils into diesel grade oil. The engine performance, combustion behavior and emissions associated with biodiesel and its blends were studied. Results showed that biofuels have better performance when compared to a diesel. Significant reduction in emissions even high engine loads was achieved. The performance analysis of the test results showed that the brake specific fuel consumption values were slightly higher compared to diesel. Due to the shortage in studying the engine performance and emissions using the CFD techniques, a home-made code, COMMENTcode, has been developed for the solution of optimization problems related to development and operation of ICEs. According to the different statistical analysis, the results were in good agreement with the experimental data with an average error of 2.7%.

Energy 2019

189: 116197

Pag 125


Osmotic Bio-Inspired Load Balancing Algorithm in Cloud Computing

MARWA GAMAL1 , RAWYA RIZK 2 , HANI MAHDI3 , (Senior Member, IEEE), AND BASEM

E. ELNAGHI1

1Electrical Engineering Department, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41523, Egypt

2Electrical Engineering Department, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt

3Computers and Systems Engineering Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566,

Egypt

Abstract

Cloud computing is increasing rapidly as a successful paradigm presenting on-demand

infrastructure, platform, and software services to clients. Load balancing is one of the

important issues in cloud computing to distribute the dynamic workload equally among all

the nodes to avoid the status that some nodes are overloaded while others are

underloaded. Many algorithms have been suggested to perform this task. Recently,

worldview is turning into a new paradigm for optimization search by applying the osmosis

theory from chemistry science to form osmotic computing. Osmotic computing is aimed to

achieve balance in highly distributed environments. The main goal of this paper is to

propose a hybrid metaheuristics technique which combines the osmotic behavior with bio-

inspired load balancing algorithms. The osmotic behavior enables the automatic

deployment of virtual machines (VMs) that are migrated through cloud infrastructures.

Since the hybrid artificial bee colony and ant colony optimization proved its efficiency in

the dynamic environment in cloud computing, the paper then exploits the advantages of

these bio-inspired algorithms to form an osmotic hybrid artificial bee and ant colony

(OH_BAC) optimization load balancing algorithm. It overcomes the drawbacks of the

existing bio-inspired algorithms in achieving load balancing between physical machines.

The simulation results show that OH_BAC decreases energy consumption, the number of

VMs migrations and the number of shutdown hosts compared to existing algorithms. In

addition, it enhances the quality of services (QoSs) which is measured by service level

agreement violation (SLAV) and performance degradation due to migrations (PDMs).

IEEE Access

2019

Pag 126


Modelling and simulation of electrochemical analysis of hybrid sparkignition engine using hydroxy (HHO) dry cell Tamer M. Ismaila,⁎, Khaled Ramzya,⁎, Basem E. Elnaghib, T. Mansoura, M.N. Abelwhabb,

M. Abd El-Salamc, M.I. Ismaild,⁎

a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt b Department of Electrical Power and Machines, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt c Department of Basic Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt d Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Ain Shams, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

Nowadays the high consumption rates of fossil fuel and pollution of unburned hydrocarbons in exhaust gases are the major problems that face the world. Using HHO dry cell is suggested for solving these problems at the engines. Experimenting with an actual HHO dry cell is more expensive, and consumes more time and effort. So modelling HHO dry cell usage is very important to save costs and efforts. Different parameters were modeled and evaluated for using HHO dry cell. The experimental tests were performed at the Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University on a gasoline engine (Chevrolet Lanos 1.5, model 2012). Beta cell was designed, fabricated and connected to said engine. The cell performance can easily be controlled and adjusted using different parameters. Many different factors were taken into consideration, such as; the cell design, the free space in the car engine, and the plates' overall dimensions. There is a lack in the study of modelling and simulation of hybrid sparkignition engine using (HHO) dry cell with complete parameters. Therefore, the main objectives of this study are to perform and evaluate the modelling of different parameters that affect the performance of the hybrid sparkignition engine. Also in this study, two different modelling techniques were used according to the available experimental data; MATLAB code and fuzzy logic modelling. The experimental and modelled results were compared and evaluated according to different statistical methods, such as the coefficient of determination (R2). The results showed that there is strong agreement between the experimental and the modelled fuzzy data, with R2 equaling 0.915 for the hydroxy rate.

Energy Conversion and Management 2019 (181) 1–14

Pag 127


Hydrothermal treatment of municipal solid waste into coal in a commercial Plant: Numerical assessment of process parameters

Tamer M. Ismaila,⁎, Kunio Yoshikawab,⁎, Hisham Sherifc, M. Abd El-Salamd

a Mechanical Engineering Department, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt b School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, G5-8, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-Ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan c Chemical Engineering Department, Minya University, Minya, Egypt d Department of Basic Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt

Abstract

A numerical model is developed to describe the hydrothermal decomposition of municipal solid waste (MSW) in the pilot scale facility. The modelling process involves the use of high-pressure steam to directly heat MSW to the temperature and pressure at which decomposition reactions occur. This process converts the organic matter into solid coal-like fuel having properties suitable for co-firing or co-gasification with coal. The model used in the present work uses the Combustion Mathematics and Energy Transport (COMMENT) code. In order to appropriately simulate the behaviour of the inherent batch process, a transient model is developed. The model facilitates the calculation of important process parameters such as the temperature, the pressure, the gas flow and the composition with respect to time. The model is also used to determine the possible operational scenarios of the proposed pilot scale test. Based on the calculated results, the numerical predictions of the model are compared with the experimental profiles obtained in the base case of the hydrothermal treatment, which shows a good agreement. Considering its advantages, the innovative hydrothermal treatment process can be considered as an alternative to MSW treatment and can be used to produce safe, usable and low-chlorine content solid fuels.

Applied Energy

2019 (250) 653–664

Pag 128


An Eulerian model for forest residues gasification in a plasma gasifier

Tamer M.IsmailaEliseuMonteiro

bcAnaRamos

dM. AbdEl-Salam

eAbelRouboa

bfg

aMechanical Engineering Department, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

bCIENER-INEGI, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Portugal

cVALORIZA- Research Center for Endogenous Resource Valorisation, Polytechnic Institute of

Portalegre, Portugal dINEGI-FEUP, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

eDepartment of Basic Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt

fLAETA-UTAD, Department of Engineering, TAD University, Vila Real, Portugal

gMEAM Department, University of Pennsylvania, PA, 19020, Philadelphia, USA

Abstract

A new mathematical model for plasma gasification was adopted and added to the COMMENT

homemade code. The COMMENT code is dedicated to coupled transfer applications in the fields of

thermal, fluid mechanics and chemical engineering, both solid and gaseous states being assessed.

Phenomena like continuity, species transport, heat transfer, turbulence and chemical reactions were

taken into account. Plasma gasification of forest residues was simulated within defined conditions

and assumptions, the producer gas being monitored and characterized. The presented model was

validated against literature data. A high level of agreement between the numerical and the

experimental values was achieved, proving that the model is robust and suitable for the proposed

goal. This new model requires low computational capacity and allows a wide range of reactor types

to be used in the gasification process. A parametric study was also conducted in order to

understand the influence of some variables on gasification products and their concentrations along

the runs. It was possible to conclude that lower equivalence ratios (ER) favored H2 and CO

production as well as lower heating value (LHV), while higher ER values enhanced N2 contents,

carbon conversion efficiency (CCE) and minor alterations were observed for CH4 and CO2. H2, N2 and

CO2 as well as CCE and cold-gas efficiency (CGE) were also enhanced by higher steam-to-biomass

ratios (SBR), while CO content and LHV dropped, CH4 remaining almost unaltered. For higher

temperatures H2, CO and N2 levels were improved as well as LHV, whereas CO2 and CGE were

reduced and CH4 remained unchanged. The results showed that the model proposed in this study is

a promising tool for simulating the plasma gasification process of biomass within a gasifier.

Energy

2019 (182) 1069-1083






Pag 129


Incorporating Primary Occupancy Patterns in Compressive Spectrum

Sensing

OMAR M. ELTABIE1 , MOHAMED F. ABDELKADER 1 , (Member, IEEE), AND ATEF M.

GHUNIEM2

1Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said

42524, Egypt

2Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University,


Abstract

Wideband spectrum sensing remains one of the challenging problems facing the wide

deployment of cognitive radio networks. Compressive sensing (CS) was proposed as a

promising approach to this problem by utilizing the sparse structure of the underutilized

spectrum to capture the spectrum with fewer measurements and simpler hardware

requirements. Most of the work in compressive spectrum sensing solely exploits the

spatial- and frequency-domain structure of the spectrum neglecting the temporal structure

arising from the regularity of primary user (PU) traffic patterns. In this paper, we explore

the effectiveness of incorporating PU traffic patterns in compressive spectrum sensing.

This achieves improved sensing performance by exploiting the statistics of the PU activity

in the CS recovery algorithms. The experimental analysis through simulation shows that

the proposed schemes can substantially improve the receiver operating characteristic

performance at lower sampling rate noisy spectrum measurements.

IEEE Access

2019 (7) 29096- 29106

Pag 130


Thermal management of concentrator photovoltaic systems using new

configurations of phase change material heat sinks

Ramy Rabiea,e, Mohamed Emamb, Shinichi Ookawaraa,c, Mahmoud Ahmeda,d,⁎

a Department of Energy Resources Engineering, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), Alexandria 21934, Egypt b Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Shoubra, Benha University, Benha, Qalubiya 11629, Egypt c Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan d Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt e Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt

Abstract

A new concentrator photovoltaic system integrated with phase change material heat sink is developed to achieve low and uniform temperature distribution along the solar cell. The developed system includes a phase change material enclosure with different over height ratios, defined as the ratio between the over height length of the phase change material heat sink to the solar cell length. Subsequently, four different over height ratios of 0, 20, 40, and 60 % along with three inclination angles of −45°, 0° and 45° at solar concentration ratios of 5 and 10 are investigated. Thus, experimental and numerical investigations have been carried out to investigate the influence of the over height ratio and inclination angle of the phase change material heat sink on the temperature distribution along the solar cell. To assess the performance of the suggested designs of heat sinks, a compendious two-dimensional model of the concentrator photovoltaic cell layers combined with phase change material is developed and numerically simulated. The numerical results are further validated with experimental measurements. These measurements involve transient variation of liquid fraction and the evolution of the local temperature during melting of RT35HC phase change material carried out at different inclination angles of −45°, 0° and 45°. Results indicate that the influence of varying the over height ratio depends on the inclination angle of PCM heat sink. It is found that at an inclination angle of −45° and a concentration ratio of 5, the peak cell temperature reduces from 92 to 74 °C, and the temperature uniformity varies from 13.7 to 5.3 °C as the over height ratio rises from zero to 60 %. However, at an inclination angle of 45° only, a slight reduction in the peak cell temperature is observed along with a minor improvement of temperature uniformity. Results of the present work can assist in the selection of appropriate phase change material -heat sink design for the required types of solar concentrators.

Solar Energy 2019 (183) 632–652

Pag 131


Effect of Al content and cold rolling on the microstructure and mechanical

properties of Al5Cr12Fe35Mn28Ni20 high-entropy alloy

Sally Elkatatnya,b,∗ , Mohamed A.H. Gepreela, Atef Hamadaa, Koichi Nakamuraa,c,Kenta Yamanakad, Akihiko Chibad

a Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg El-Arab City, 21934, Alexandria, Egypt b Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt c Center for the Promotion of Interdisciplinary Education and Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8540, Japan d Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-

8577, Japan

Abstract

In the present study, low-cost high-entropy Al(5,10)Cr12Fe35Mn (28,23)Ni20 alloys containing 5 and 10 at. % Al were designed based on the thermodynamic principles. The chemical compositions of the studied high entropy alloys (HEAs) were selected to obtain face centered cubic solid solutions with good cold deformability. The alloys were produced using arc melting and were subsequently subjected to cold rolling to reduce their thickness up to 90%, to study their structure stability and strengthen them. Elemental mapping of the as-cast and deformed structures was conducted using electron microprobe analysis. Subsequently, the mechanical properties of the as-cast and heavily deformed alloys were determined using micro hardness measurements and tensile and compression tests. The microstructure evolution was studied using X-ray diffraction and electron backscatter diffraction. It was observed that the thermodynamic parameters of HEAs could be used to enhance their mechanical properties, and the experimental results were in agreement with those observations. After substituting Mn with Al in Al5Cr12Fe35Mn28Ni20, the yield stress of Al10Cr12Fe35Mn23Ni20 increased by ∼14%. Moreover, the alloy maintained good cold workability and its tensile ductility exceeded 40%. Cold rolling the alloy to 90% increased its yield stress more than four times. Despite the heavy deformation caused by cold rolling (2.3 true strain), deformation twinning was induced in these alloys.

Materials Science & Engineering A

2019 (759) 380–390

Pag 132


Nanomaterials for solid oxide fuel cells: A review

Abdalla M.Abdallaab

ShahzadHossainac

Atia T.AzaddPg Mohammad

I.PetraaFerozaBegum

aSten G.Eriksson

eAbul K.Azad

a

aFaculty of Integrated Technologies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE

1410, Brunei Darussalam bMechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522,

Egypt cInstitute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, GPO Box No

3787, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh dDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Aberdeen, AB 24 3 FX, UK

eDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Environmental Inorganic Chemistry, Chalmers

University of Technology, Goteborg SE 41296, Sweden

Abstract

Nanotechnology is utilized well in the development and improvement of the performance

in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs). The high operating temperature of SOFCs (700–900 °C)

has resulted in serious demerits regarding their overall performance and durability.

Therefore, the operating temperature has been reduced to an intermediate temperature

range of approximately 400–700 °C which improved performance and, subsequently,

commercialized SOFCs as portable power sources. However, at reduced temperature,

challenges such as an increase in internal resistance of the fuel cell components arise.

Although, this may not be as serious as problems encountered at high temperature, it still

significantly affects the performance of SOFCs. This review paper addresses the work of

researchers in the application of nanotechnology in fabricating SOFCs through distinct

methods. These methods have successfully omitted or at least reduced the internal

resistance and showed considerable improvement in power density of the SOFCs at

reduced temperatures.

Renewable and Sustainable Energy

Reviews

2018 (82) 353-368








https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/solid-oxide-fuel-cell

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/high-operating-temperature

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/fuel-cell-component

Pag 133


Highly dense and chemically stable proton conducting electrolyte sintered

at 1200 °C

ShahzadHossainabc

Abdalla M.Abdallaacd

NikdalilaRadenahmadaA.K.M.Zakaria

bJuliana

H.ZainiaS.M. HabiburRahman

eSten G.Eriksson

eJohn T.S.Irvine

cAbul K.Azad

a

aFaculty of Integrated Technologies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, BE

1410, Brunei Darussalam bInstitute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, GPO Box

No. 3787, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh cCenter for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST,

Scotland, UK dDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia

41522, Egypt eDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg,

SE 41296, Sweden

Abstract

The BaCe0.7Zr0.1Y0.2−xZnxO3−δ (x = 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20) has been synthesized by the conventional solid state reaction method for application in protonic solid oxide fuel cell. The phase purity and lattice parameters of the materials have been studied by the room temperature X-ray diffraction (XRD). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has been done for check the morphology and grain growth of the samples. The chemical and mechanical stabilities have been done using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) in pure CO2 environment and thermomechanical analysis (TMA) in Argon atmosphere. The XRD of the materials show the orthorhombic crystal symmetry with Pbnm space group. The SEM images of the pellets show that the samples sintered at 1200 °C are highly dense. The XRD after TGA in CO2 and thermal expansion measurements confirm the stability. The particles of the samples are in micrometer ranges and increasing Zn content decreases the size. The conductivity measurements have been done in 5% H2 with Ar in dry and wet atmospheres. All the materials show high proton conductivity in the intermediate temperature range (400–700 °C). The maximum proton conductivity was found to be 1.0 × 10

−2 S cm

−1 at 700 °C in wet atmosphere for x = 0.10. From our study, 10 wt % of Zn

seems to be optimum at the B-site of the perovskite structure. All the properties studied here suggest it can be a promising candidate of electrolyte for IT-SOFCs.

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2018 (43) 894-907











Pag 134


Resilient Modulus and Microstructure of Unsaturated Expansive Subgrade

Stabilized with Activited Fly Ash

Aneke Frank Ikechukwu a , M. Mostafa Hassanb and A. Moubarakc

a Department of Civil Engineering Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg,

South Africa; b College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science Howard college Campus,

University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, Republic of South Africa; c Department of Civil

Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

South Africa is cut-across an arid and semi-arid zone, this implies that 95% of its roadbed

is under unsaturated condition. In this context, resilient performance of subgrades is

determined considering matric suction (ψ) and traffic loading parameters for resilient

modulus (MR) analysis through the application of unsaturated soil mechanics. Expansive

natural subgrade soil sample collected from Northern Cape in South Africa is selected for

this study. Series of MR tests, Free swell index tests, Zero swelling tests, suction tests, X-

Ray Diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy tests were conducted to investigate the

unsaturated response of expansive subgrade stabilized with varying percentages 4%, 6%,

8% and 10% of activated fly ash (AFA). The suction components of the representative

subgrade soils were determined through filter paper method. The soil-water retention

curve (SWRC) was also analysed using Fredlund and Xing, and Seki’s models. The results

showed that inclusions of 6%, 8% and 10% AFA caused some considerable increase in MR

and suction values to a limiting values 6% AFA content, below which resilient modulus

values were reduced. The low MR values are recorded in 4% AFA stabilized specimen, as a

result of insufficient free reactive calcium oxide. This resulted to incomplete pozzolanic

reaction with the clay minerals. Significant changes were observed in the soil pore

structure, based on microstructure analysis of the stabilized subgrade soils. Inter-cluster

cemented bonds, were noted on the surface structure of the stabilized subgrade compared

to unstabilized subgrade soil, due to increase in MR.

International Journal of

Geotechnical Engineering

2019

Pag 135


Swelling Stress Effects on Shear Strength Resistance of Subgrades

Aneke Frank Ikechukwu a , Mohamed Mostafa Hassanb and Azza Moubarakc

a Department of Civil Engineering Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg,

South Africa; b College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, Howard College Campus,

University of KwaZuluNatal, Durban, Republic of South Africa; c Department of Civil

Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Pavements across Free State in South Africa deteriorate as a result of swelling and shear

failure of the subgrade materials, and cyclic loads associated with moving vehicles. This

study investigated the causes of distresses and cracks identified on the pavements across

the province. Material samples were collected from three representative sites by core

drilling. Series of consolidated undrained (CU) triaxial tests, unconfined compressive

strength (UCS) tests, free swell index (FSI) tests, zero swelling tests (ZSTs) and California

bearing ratio (CBR) tests were performed to determine shear strength resistance and

swelling index of the subgrade material, respectively. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) tests were

employed to identify the minerals responsible for swelling activities in the subgrades. The

results revealed that the investigated pavements deteriorate by swelling of the subgrades

and were significantly affected by traffic loads that triggered resistance failure to moisture

from the asphalt layer. The asphalt thickness layer failed to provide enough surcharge

pressure to confine swelling stress from the subgrades. In comparison, swelling stress

values from the CBR mould were 1.6% lower than that of the swelling stress values

obtained from oedometer ring cell on the average. The result further revealed that swelling

stress was the major cause of the pavements' failure. Thus, as swelling stress increased

with an increase in moisture; this consequently led to a considerable decrease in shear

resistance of the subgrades.


Geotechnical Engineering

2019

Pag 136


Numerical Study on Buckling of End-Bearing Piles in Soft Soil Subjected to

Axial Loads Walid El Kamash1 . Hany El Naggar2

1Department of Civil Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

2Department of Civil and Resource Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada

Abstract

End bearing piles are commonly used as an efficient foundation system for supporting

structures built on soft soils. Although, soft soils can provide some confinement to the

pile not to be treated as an Euler column, the excessive large lateral movement may cause

the soil to fail under axial loads before reaching the buckling load. Moreover, the buckling

resistance of end bearing piles under loading–unloading conditions may be influenced

since residual stresses in the structural elements of the piles and the surrounding soil

exist even after removing the load. In addition, buckling of end bearing piles under

extreme loading conditions of loading–unloading nature may result in residual stresses in

the structural elements of the piles and the surrounding soil even after removing the load.

In this paper, a 3-D numerical model utilizing the finite difference method was developed to

study buckling behavior of end bearing piles. First the model’s calculated buckling load

was verified against the theoretical solution for an idealized Euler’s case. Then, a

comprehensive parametric study was performed to understand the effect of both the soil

stiffness and the flexural stiffness of the pile on the behavior of buckled end bearing piles

under both loading and unloading conditions. The results showed that both the lateral

stiffness of the supporting soil as well as the flexural stiffness of the pile have a significant

impact on the buckling length and hence the buckling load. The flexural stiffness of the

pile should match (be relatively close) the stiffness of the soil in order to avoid high values

of lateral displacement of the pile’s axis.

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering 2018 (36)183–3201

Pag 137


A Fuzzy Logic-Based MPPT Technique for PMSG Wind Generation System

Ahmed A. Salem*‡, Noura A. Nour Aldin **, Ahmed M. Azmy***, Walid S. E. Abdellatif **

*‡Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University 41522

Ismailia, Egypt

** Electric Department, Faculty of Industrial Education, Suez University, Suez, Egypt

*** Electrical Power and Machines Engineering Depart., Faculty of Engineering Tanta

University, Tanta, Egypt

‡ Corresponding Author; Ahmed A. Salem, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University

41522 Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based wind turbine is considered as

one of the promising technologies for generating electric power from wind energy. This

paper presents an artificial intelligent technique based on fuzzy logic controller (FLC) to

enhance the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of PMSG-based wind turbine. The FLC

method is compared with the conventional methods of MPPT to clarify the superior

features of the proposed technique. The comparison between the MPPT methods have

been accomplished based on the speed response and new evaluation where the overall

system efficiency is considered. A complete model of PMSG with a back to back (BTB)

converter along with the control system considering different MPPT techniques is

conducted using MATLAB/SimulinkÒ platform. To reveal the robustness and the feasibility

of control system, the system is examined under different wind speed profiles. On the

basis of the results, good tracking with high accuracy and lower oscillation rate are

obtained after using FLC. Moreover, the overall system efficiency is enhanced compared

with other MPPT schemes.


Renewable Energy Research

2019

Pag 138


Incorporating Switched Modulated Power Filter Compensator to Enhance

Microgrid Stability Under Fault Provoked Islanding Conditions

Ahmed A. Salem,1 Ali H. Kasem Alaboudy,2 Abdelazeem A. Abdelsalam,1 and Hossam E.

A. Talaat3

1 Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, Egypt

2 Faculty of Industrial Education, Suez University, Suez, Egypt

3 Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Future University in Egypt on Leave from Ain

Shams University

Abstract

Microgrid (MG) gains higher potential and plays a key role in grid infrastructure upgrade.

Although MG have many benefits, its performance during fault caused islanding

conditions still needs more attentive investigations. In this context, the MG load types and

the behavior of the distributed generations (DGs) control system have the significant

impact on the stability of MG. This article analyzes the influence of various control

techniques of the inverter DG unit on the dynamic performance MG after faultprovoked

islanding conditions. To enhance the MG stability and the quality of voltage waveform, an

adapted MG configuration equipped with a low-cost switched modulated power filter

compensator (MPFC) is proposed. Using MPFC alongside the inverter DG unit gives

adequate solution to overcome the shortcomings of the inverter and the flexibility of the

interfacing control scheme. The MG structure equipped with MPFC is simulated using

Matlab/Simulink software package. A wide perspective on the simulation results indicates

that the MG stability is highly vulnerable to the inverter DG control techniques. Further, the

MG may lose its stable operation due to some load type characteristics. The proposed MG

structure with the MPFC can withstand longer fault durations and give better stability

performance especially with induction motor (IM) loads. Moreover, the MG equipped with

the MPFC has the ability to keep the voltage total harmonic distortion (THD) within the

acceptable limits.

Journal Electric Power

Components and Systems

2019 1-14

Pag 139


Pag 140


Magnetohydrodynamic flow and heat transfer of non-newtonian power-law

nanofluid over a rotating disk with hall current

*Abdel-aziz SALEM a,b , Rania Fathy c

a Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Al-Muznib,

Saudi Arabia.

b Department of Mathematics , Faculty of Science , Suez Canal University, Egypt.

c Department of Mathematics , Faculty of Science , Zagazig University, Egypt.

Abstract

This work studies the flow and heat transfer of a power-law nanofluid in the presence of an

axial uniform magnetic field in the vicinity of a constantly rotating infinite disk. The Hall

current effect is taken into consideration. The governing momentum and energy equations

are solved numerically by the shooting method. Some of the results obtained for a special

case of the problem are compared to the results published in a previous work and are

found to be in excellent agreement. The effects of the solid fraction , the magnetic

interaction number M, the Hall current m, and the viscosity index n on the velocity and

temperature profiles as well as the local skin friction coefficients and the heat transfer rate

are shown graphically.

Thermal science 2018

(22) 171-182

Pag 141


Boundary Element Algorithm for Modeling and Simulation of Dual-Phase

Lag Bioheat Transfer and Biomechanics of Anisotropic Soft Tissues

Mohamed Abdelsabour Fahmy

Jamoum University College, Umm Al-Qura University Alshohdaa 25371, Jamoum, Makkah, Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computers and Informatics, Suez Canal University New Campus, 4.5 Km, Ring Road, El Salam District 41522 Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

The main aim of this paper is to propose a new boundary element algorithm for describing thermomechanical interactions in anisotropic soft tissues. The governing equations are studied based on the dual-phase lag bioheat transfer and Biot’s theory. Due to the advantages of convolution quadrature boundary element method (CQBEM), such as low CPU usage, low memory usage and suitability for treatment of soft tissues that have complex shapes, it is a versatile and powerful method for modeling of bioheat distribution in anisotropic soft tissues and the related deformation. The resulting linear systems for bioheat and mechanical equations are solved by Transpose-free quasi-minimal residual (TFQMR) solver with a dual-threshold incomplete LU factorization technique (ILUT) preconditioner that reduces the iterations number and total CPU time. Numerical results demonstrate the validity, efficiency and accuracy of the proposed algorithm and technique.

International Journal of Applied Mechanics 2018 (10) 27pages

Pag 142


Shape design sensitivity and optimization of anisotropic functionally

graded smart structures using bicubic B-splines DRBEM

Mohamed Abdelsabour Fahmy a , b , ∗

a Faculty of Computers and Informatics, Suez Canal University, New Campus, 4.5 Km,

Ring Road, El Salam District, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt

b Jamoum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Alshohdaa 25371, Jamoum,

Makkah, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

A new shape optimization technique is developed, using bicubic B-splines dual reciprocity boundary element method, for anisotropic functionally graded smart structures to minimize weight while satisfying certain constraints upon stresses and geometry. An implicit differentiation of the boundary integral equation with respect to geometric design variables is used to calculate shape design sensitivities of anisotropic materials. This method allows the coupling of an optimizing technique and a boundary element elastic stress analyzer to form an optimum shape design algorithm in two dimensions and also allows high-accuracy computation. The boundary element method needs much fewer data related only to the considered boundary of the structure, so it is very suitable for shape optimization in comparison with the finite element method. Because of the non-linear behavior of weight and stresses, the numerical optimization method used in the program is the feasible direction approach, together with the one-dimensional golden-section search technique. The two-dimensional electric fillet knife used as the numerical example in order to verify the formulation and the implementation of the proposed method.

Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements 2018 (87) 27–35

Pag 143


Multidirectional harmony search algorithm for solving integer programming

and minimax problems

Ahmed F. Ali

Department of Computer Science,Faculty of Computers and Informatics,Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt and Department of Mathematics and Statistics,Faculty of Science,Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, BC, V2C 0C8, Canada

Abstract

Integer programming and minimax problems are essential tools in solving various problems that arise in data mining and machine learning such as multi-class data classification and feature selection problems. In this paper, we propose a new hybrid harmony search algorithm by combining the harmony search algorithm with the multidirectional search method in order to solve the integer programming and minimax problems. The proposed algorithm is called multidirectional harmony search algorithm (MDHSA). MDHSA starts the search by applying the standard harmony search for numbers of iteration then the best-obtained solution is passing to the multidirectional search method as an intensification process in order to accelerate the search and overcome the slow convergence of the standard harmony search algorithm. The proposed algorithm is balancing between the global exploration of the harmony search algorithm and the deep exploitation of the multidirectional search method. MDHSA algorithm is tested on seven integer programming problems and 15 minimax problems and compared against 12 algorithms for solving integer programming problems and 11 algorithms for solving minimax problems. The experiments results show the efficiency of the proposed algorithm and its ability to solve integer programming and minimax problems in reasonable time.

Int. J. Bio-Inspired Computation 2019

(13) 141 - 158

Pag 144


Lightweight energy - efficient framework for sensor real - time

communications

Marwa F. Mohamed1 , Mohamed Ali Ahmed2, Hamed Nassar1

1Computer Science Department, Faculty of Computers and Informatics, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 2Mathematics Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Sensor node communications are usually the most energy consuming among its activities. Therefore, reducing those communications necessarily preserves the node limited energy. One successful approach to this end is to reduce both the number of transmissions made by the node and the payload of each transmission. Numerous proposals have recently been made to achieve this reduction by approximating the node data at the sink via forecasting. However, many of these proposals are plagued with one or more of three problems: intensive computations, excessive delays and backtracking. In this study, the authors introduce the lightweight energy-efficient real-time (LEERT) framework, which avoids all three problems while saving considerably on energy consumption. The savings are achieved by both reducing immensely the number of transmissions and reducing the payload of each transmission to only one element. This is actually the minimum any framework would hope for. LEERT is also extremely light, performing only four primitive operations per measurement on average. Its storage requirements are even lighter – only one past measurement needs to be retained in memory. LEERT has passed extensive validation tests using real-world data. Its performance has been evaluated against two recent energy-efficient frameworks and found to have an astounding edge.

IET Communications 2019

(13) 2362 – 2368

Pag 145


An adaptive framework for real-time data reduction in AMI

Marwa F. Mohamed a,⇑ , Abd El-Rahman Shabayek a,b, Mahmoud El-Gayyar a, Hamed

Nassar a

a Computer Sciences Department, Faculty of Computers and Informatics, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt b Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of

Luxembourg, Luxembourg

Abstract

In existing Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI), data collection intervals for each smart

meter (SM) typically vary from 15 to 60 min. If we have 1 million SMs that transmit data

every 15 min, these SMs will export 4 million records per hour. This leads to dramatically

increasing bandwidth usage, energy consumption, traffic cost and I/O congestion. In this

work, we present an adaptive framework for minimizing the amount of data transfer from

SMs. The reduction in the framework is forecasting-based; when an SM reading is close to

the forecasted value, the SM does not transmit the reading. In order for the framework to

be adaptive to the ever-changing pattern of SM data, it is provided with a pool of

forecasting methods. A supervised-learning scheme is employed to switch in real-time to

the forecasting method most suitable to the current data pattern. The experimental results

demonstrate that the proposed framework achieves data reduction rates up to 98% with

accuracy 96%, depending on the operational parameters of the framework and consumer

behavior (statistical features of SM data).

Journal of King Saud University –

Computer and Information Sciences

2019

(31) 392–402

Pag 146


An energy-aware forecasting-based framework using a novel moving

coordinate scheme for sensor real-time communications

Marwa F. Mohamed1 • Hamed Nassar1

1 Computer Science Department, Faculty of Computes and Informatics, Suez Canal


Abstract

In order to save on the energy expended by a sensor node in its communications with the sink, forecasting-based frameworks have recently been proposed. Those frameworks approximate at the sink most of the node measurements, saving the energy that would otherwise be wasted to transmit them. However, it has been the case that many of those frameworks bump into one or more of three problems. First, the framework may be so computationally sophisticated that the energy needed to run it at the node can surpass the energy it was intended to save. Second, the framework may insert excessive delay which degrades the performance of any real-time sink-resident applications. Third, the framework may backtrack, harming applications that make use of measurements immediately after their construction at the sink. In this paper, we present a linear regression forecasting-based framework that saves impressively on the communications energy of the node while avoiding all three problems. Using a novel moving-coordinate scheme, the framework makes the node transmit less data than is done in existing frameworks. This data reduction saves on energy, as evidenced by the experimental results carried out on three real world datasets.

Wireless Networks

2019

1-10

Pag 147


THE (Temperature Heterogeneity Energy) Aware Routing Protocol for IoT

Health Application

Enas selem 1, mohammed fatehy1, sherine m. Abd el-kader2, and hamed nassar3

1Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt 2Computers and Systems Department, Electronics Research Institute, Giza 12611, Egypt 3Faculty of Computers and Informatics, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 415224, Egypt

Abstract

In this paper, we focus on an interesting E-Health monitoring system that efficiently utilizes the

concept of the Internet of Things (IoT). Wireless body area network (WBAN) composed of a set of

target-oriented sensors placed around the human body and transmit its collected data to a

coordinator that carries it to some cloud system. WBAN standardized with the newly emerged

IEEE802.15.6 with its specifications for Physical (PHY) and medium access control (MAC) layers

only. Regrettably, the Network layer is not addressed by the standard where it plays an important

role in the overall performance. In this paper, we design the temperature heterogeneity energy (THE)

aware routing protocol for WBAN as a complement for the standard. “THE” aims to control the

temperature raising caused by the on-body sensor and affects the skin comfortableness. In the

meantime, “THE” maintains the network in high-performance conditions in terms of long node

lifetime and high packet throughput. To fulfill these desired tradeoffs, the sensed data is classified

into three data levels with variable transmission priority to each level, namely, emergency

(abnormal) data priority 7 (highest priority), critical data priority 6, and normal data assigned priority

5. “THE” protocol is based on a utility function that chooses the WBAN's parent node (PN) that has

the largest amount of remaining energy, the highest data rate, the minimum distance to the

coordinator, and the minimum sensor's temperature. Hopping the data through the parent node (two-

hops) is applicable for the data with normal priority while high priority data (critical and emergency)

is transmitted to the coordinator in one-hop only. The proposed “THE” protocol's performance

validation performed via Monte Carlo simulation analysis which proves that “THE” protocol achieved

better performance against conventional protocols (SIMPLE and iM-SIMPLE) in terms of network

lifetime, number of dead nodes, total remaining energy, and throughput.

IEEE Access

2019

(7) 108957 - 108968

Pag 148


Fixed-point theorem in classes of function with values in a dq-metric space

Janusz Brzde˛k, El-sayed El-hady and Zbigniew Le´sniak

Mathematics Department College of Science, Jouf University Sakaka Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Basic Science Department, Faculty of Computers and Informatics Suez Canal University Ismailia Egypt

Abstract

We prove a fixed point result for nonlinear operators, acting on some classes of functions

with values in a dq-metric space, and show some applications of it. The result has been

motivated by some issues arising in Ulam stability. We use a restricted form of a

contraction condition.

Mathematics Subject Classification. 39B82, 47A63, 47H10, 47J99.

Keywords. dq-Metric, fixed point, function space, ulam stability, difference equation.

Journal of Fixed Point Theory and Applications 2018

16 pages

Pag 149


Robust breast cancer prediction system based on rough set theory at

National Cancer Institute of Egypt

Saeed Khodary M. Hamouda a , ∗ , Mohammed E. Wahed b , Reda. H. Abo Alez c , Khaled

Riad d

a Computer Laboratories, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt b Faculty Of Computers and Informatics, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt c Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt d Mathematics Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is one of the major death causing diseases of the women in the world. Every year more than million women are diagnosed with breast cancer more than half of them will die because of inaccuracies and delays in diagnosis of the disease. High accuracy in cancer prediction is important to improve the treatment quality and the survivability rate of patients. Objectives: In this paper, we are going to propose a new and robust breast cancer prediction and diagnosis system based on the Rough Set (RS). Also, introducing the robust classification process based on some new and most effective attributes. Com paring and evaluating the performance of our proposed approach with the clinical, Radial Basis Function, and Artificial Neural Networks classification schemes. Methods : The dataset used in our experiments consists of 60 samples obtained from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) of Egypt. We have used the RS theory to robustly find dependence relationships among data, and evaluate the importance of attributes through: •Applying the Approximation Sets on this dataset to identify the patient’s cancer stage (0, IA, IB, IIA, IIB, IIIA, IIIB, IIIC, IV); and •Running the Reduction process on this dataset to identify which attributes (symptoms) are most effective for description and predict breast cancer stage. Results: •Our approach has classified the patients into 9 different stages, Stage 0 with accuracy 75%, Stage IA with accuracy 71%, Stage IB with zero patients, Stage IIA with accuracy 86%, Stage IIB with accuracy 67.5%, Stage IIIA with accuracy 85%, Stage IIIB with accuracy 100%, Stage IIIC with zero patients, and Stage IV with accuracy 100%; •The Reduction process gives as output, the most effective symptoms to early predict and accurately diagnosis the breast cancer. That are represented in Lymph Node Status, Tumor Size, Estrogen Recep- tor Status, Progesterone Receptor Status, and Metastasis; and •The last but not least, we have found two patients (patient No. 11 and 51 from our dataset) in High Risk Status, which requires intensive and special treatment. Conclusion: We have introduced the robustness of the RS theory in early predicting and diagnosing the breast cancer. This lay more importance to the contribution and efficiency of RS theory in the field of computational biology.

Computer Methods and Programs

in Biomedicine

2018 (153) 259–268

Pag 150


A modified squirrel search algorithm based on improved best fit heuristic

and operator strategy for bin packing problem

Walaa H. El-Ashmawi a,∗ , Diaa Salama Abd Elminaam b

a Computer Science department, Faculty of Computers and Informatics, Suez Canal University, Ismalia City, Egypt b Information Systems department, Faculty of Computers and Informatics, Benha University, Benha

City, Egypt

Abstract

Bin Packing Problem (BPP) is one of the main optimization problems in which a set of items of known sizes should be packed into a minimum number of bins. In which the total size of items in each bin is not exceeding the bin capacity. Several approximation algorithms have been suggested that provide an approximate solution to the BPP. Nevertheless, they are not applicable to solve large-scale instances within a reasonable time or obtain an optimal number of bins. In this paper, we propose a modified version of the most recent optimization algorithm squirrel search algorithm (SSA) for solving the onedimensional bin packing problem (MSBPP). The proposed algorithm is based on an improved best fit heuristic for generating a feasible initial packing of items into bins. During improving the solution, the operator’s strategy can take place to obtain an optimized solution for the BPP. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first work of applying squirrel search algorithm in a bin packing problem as an example of the optimization problem. The modified algorithm has been tested on various benchmark datasets ranged from easy to hard class dataset. As well as, we compare it against other popular algorithms such as Particle swarm optimization (PSO), African buffalo optimization (ABO) and Crow search algorithm (CSA) to demonstrate its efficiency and accuracy. According to the results of an easy class, the proposed algorithm has achieved an improvement ranged from 16% to 32% for N2C1W1_A instance when compared with other algorithms to reach an optimal result with the least number of iterations. In addition, the average execution time of it beats other compared algorithms with improvement reached up to 91% faster than PSO, 98% faster than ABO and 94% faster than CSA. For medium class, the bin efficiency of the proposed algorithm has been improved by 26% during iterations for N1W1B2R9 instance with minimum number of iterations and least execution time while for hard class, it has obtained an average efficiency 0.175 which is lower than other algorithms and average execution time 99.8 as a result of HARD3 instance. The experimental results validate the superiority of the proposed MSBPP in terms of not only the solution accuracy but also both the execution time and the number of iterations.

Applied Soft Computing Journal 2018

(82) 105565

Pag 151


Complex dynamics of a discrete fractional-order Leslie-Gower predator-

prey model

Anuraj Singh1 Abdelalim A. Elsadany2,3 Amr Elsonbaty2,4

1ABV-Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management Gwalior, Gwalior, India

2College of Sciences and Humanities Studies Al-Kharj, Mathematics Department, Prince Sattam Bin

Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia

3Faculty of Computers and Informatics, Basic Science Department, Suez Canal University, Ismailia,

Egypt

4Faculty of Engineering, Department of Engineering Mathematics and Physics, Mansoura University,

Mansoura, Egypt

Abstract

A proposed discretized form of fractional-order prey-predator model is investigated. A

sufficient condition for the solution of the discrete system to exist and to be unique is

determined. Jury stability test is applied for studying stability of equilibrium points of the

discretized system. Then, the effects of varying fractional order and other parameters of

the systems on its dynamics are examined. The system undergoes Neimark-Sacker and

flip bifurcation under certain conditions. We observe that the model exhibits chaotic

dynamics following stable states as the memory parameter decreases and step size h

increases. Theoretical results illustrate the rich dynamics and complexity of the model.

Numerical simulation validates theoretical results and demonstrates the presence of rich

dynamical behaviors include S-asymptotically bounded periodic orbits, quasi-periodicity,

and chaos. The system exhibits a wide range of dynamical behaviors for fractional-order

key parameter.

Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 2019 42:3992–4007

Pag 152


A Radiogenomic Approach for Decoding Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Tumor

Progression in Prostate Cancer

Sarah Fischer 1 , Mohamed Tahoun

2, Bastian Klaan3, Kolja M. Thierfelder3, Marc-André

Weber 3 , Bernd J. Krause 4, Oliver Hakenberg5, Georg Fuellen1 and Mohamed Hamed1

2Computer Science Department, Faculty of Computers and Informatics, Suez Canal


Abstract

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a genetically heterogeneous cancer entity that causes challenges inpre-treatment clinical evaluation, such as the correct identification of the tumor stage. Conventionalclinical tests based on digital rectal examination, Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) levels, and Gleasonscore still lack accuracy for stage prediction. We hypothesize that unraveling the molecularmechanisms underlying PCa staging via integrative analysis of multi-OMICs data could significantlyimprove the prediction accuracy for PCa pathological stages. We present a radiogenomic approachcomprising clinical, imaging, and two genomic (gene and miRNA expression) datasets for 298 PCapatients. Comprehensive analysis of gene and miRNA expression profiles for two frequent PCastages (T2c and T3b) unraveled the molecular characteristics for each stage and the correspondinggene regulatory interaction network that may drive tumor upstaging from T2c to T3b. Furthermore,four biomarkers (ANPEP, mir-217, mir-592, mir-6715b) were found to distinguish between the twoPCa stages and were highly correlated (average r = _ 0.75) with corresponding aggressiveness-relatedimaging features in both tumor stages. When combined with related clinical features, these biomarkersmarkedly improved the prediction accuracy for the pathological stage. Our prediction model exhibitshigh potential to yield clinically relevant results for characterizing PCa aggressiveness.

Cancers

2019

(11) 1-18

Pag 153


Pag 154


Influences of stocking density and dietary probiotic supplementation on

growing japanese quail performance

Khalid M. Mahrose1, Mahmoud Alagawany

1, Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack

1, Samir A.

Mahgoub2, Faten A. M. Attia

3

1Department of Poultry,

2Microbiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig

University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt; 3Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture,

Suez Canal University, Ismailia 42524, Egypt.

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of stocking density and dietary supplementation of

probiotic (Lactobacillus) on growth, traits of carcass, lymphoid organs and intestinal

microbial count of Japanese quail. Quail chicks (one week old) were randomly allotted to 6

groups in a 2×3 factorial experiment included 2 levels of stocking density (100, and 75

cm2/bird) and 3 levels of probiotic (0.00, 0.02 and 0.04 g/kg diet). Quail reared at 100 cm

2/

bird showed significantly the highest body weight and daily gain. Quail reared at 75 cm2/

bird had significantly the lower average of feed consumption and the best ratio of feed

conversion. Increasing level of probiotic up to 0.04 g/kg led to a significant decrease in

dressing percentage by about 2.7 % compared to the control. Interaction effect was

insignificant on carcass traits studied except for liver percentage which was significantly

higher for birds fed diet supplemented with probiotic at 0.04 g/kg of diet and reared at 100

cm2/bird. Rearing quail at 100 cm

2/bird stocking density significantly increased bursa

weight. Birds fed diet supplemented with probiotic at 0.02 g/kg of diet and reared at 100

cm2/bird showed significantly the highest (p = 0.043) spleen weight when compared with

the other groups. In conclusion, the low (100 cm2/bird) stocking density was sufficient to

give better performance of Japanese quail than the other group. Probiotic

supplementation diminished the stressful effect of crowding on growing Japanese quail.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 2019

91(1): e20180616

Pag 155


Laying Performance, Physical, and Internal Egg Quality Criteria of Hens

Fed Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles and Exogenous Enzyme Mixture

Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack 1 , Khalid M. Mahrose 1, Faten A. M. Attia 2, Ayman A. Swelum 3,4 , Ayman E. Taha 5, Ramadan S. Shewita 6 , El-Sayed O. S. Hussein 3,* and Abdullah N.

Alowaimer 3

1 Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;[email protected] (M.E.A.E.-H.); [email protected] (K.M.M.) 2 Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;[email protected] 3 Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University,P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] (A.A.S.); [email protected] (A.N.A.) 4 Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt 5 Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Rasheed, Edfina 22758, Egypt; [email protected] 6 Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University,Rasheed, Edfina 22758, Egypt; [email protected]

Abstract

Abstract: The effects of dietary inclusion of distillers dried grains with solubles in laying hen diets with and

without exogenous enzyme mixture (EEM) on performance and egg characteristics were evaluated. One of the

main objectives of this study was to examine the effects of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and

enzyme cocktail on egg yolk fatty acids. The study used total of 144 Hisex Brown laying hens in a 4× 2 factorial

arrangement, including four levels of DDGS (0, 6, 12, and 18% of diet) and two levels of enzyme cocktail (0 or 250

mg EEM/kg of diet) through 32–42 weeks of the age. The inclusion of 18% DDGS was associated with the worst (p

≤ 0.001) egg production and the lowest daily feed intake. Numerically, hens fed 6% DDGS diet consumed more

feed and had the greatest egg production. The best feed conversion ratio (FCR) was recorded in the control,

while the worst was recorded in the 18% DDGS group. Compared with EEM-free diets, EEM supplementation

improved FCR by about 2.79%, but the difference was not significant. Shell thickness and shell percentage were

significantly increased in hens fed 6% DDGS diet compared to other groups. Egg weights in the 6% and 12%

DDGS groups were significantly higher than those in the control and 18% DDGS groups. Non-significant

increases in shell and albumin percentages were recorded in groups fed EEM-supplemented diets. The

interaction effect of DDGS and EEM was significant (p ≤ 0.01) for the majority of egg characteristics. As dietary

DDGS level increased, yolk color density increased. Elevating DDGS level up to 18% increased yolk cholesterol,

total fat, and total unsaturated fatty acids. The effects of EEM supplementation on egg yolk fatty acid composition

and the interaction effects between DDGS and EEM were not significant. Considering these results, it could be

concluded that DDGS is an acceptable feed ingredient in layer diets and that the maximum inclusion level of

DDGS should not exceed 12% of the whole diet.

Animals

2019

9(4): 150

Pag 156


New gener a of meliturguline bees from Saudi Arabia and Persia, with

notes on related genera and a key to the Arabian fauna (Hymenoptera:

Andrenidae)

Michael S. Engel1,2,3, Abdulaziz S. Alqarni4, Mohamed A. Shebl5, Jennifer C. Thomas1 1 Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, 1501 Crestline Drive – Suite 140, University of

Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-4415, USA 2 Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology,

University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA 3 Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American

Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th

Street, New York, New York 10024-5192, USA 4

Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University,

P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia 5 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture,


Abstract

A new genus of melitturgine bees (Panurginae: Melitturgini) is described and figured from central

Saudi Arabia. Belliturgula najdica Engel, gen. et sp. n., is similar in several respects to the genus

Flavomeliturgula Patiny in that both have a greatly elongate glossa that is longer than the face and is

truncate apically. The former differs in the greatly elongate and flattened first labial palpomere, the

remaining palpomeres unmodified, the greatly protuberant clypeus, and long labrum lacking dense

setal patches, among other traits. In addition, remarks are made on the composition of

Flavomeliturgula, with Meliturgula deserta Warncke (Iran, Pakistan), removed to Khuzimelissa Engel,

gen. n., resulting in the new combination Khuzimelissa deserta (Warncke), comb. n. Khuzimelissa

differs from Flavomeliturgula by the unmodified labial palpomeres (lacking the elongate first three

labial palpomeres of the latter genus), the acute glossa (broadly truncate in the latter), glossa shorter

than head length (greater than head length in the latter), the abundant, white, squamiform setae of

the mesoscutum (sparse, erect setae in the latter), cleft pretarsal claws (simple in the latter),

presence of metasomal setal bands (lacking in the latter), and apically emarginate pygidial plate

(acutely rounded in the latter). The species of Flavomeliturgula are organized into three subgenera,

including Koreshomelissa Engel, subgen. n., and Freyamelissa Engel, subgen. n., and these may

eventually warrant generic status once phylogenetic work on the tribe has been completed. A key to

the Arabian genera of Panurginae is provided, along with an augmented key to the genera of

subtribe Meliturgulina.

Journal of Hymenoptera Research 2019

69: 1–21

Pag 157


Morphological and Molecular Analysis of some Bee Species of the

Subgenus Taeniandrena (Hymneoptera: Andrenidae) from Northern Egypt

Isam M. Abu Zeid1, Mohamed A. Shebl2 and Ehab M.R. Metwali3,4*

1Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 8023 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 2Deptatment of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt 3Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, 21959 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 4Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia,

Egypt

Abstract

Andrenids is one of those groups which have some taxonomic impediments. Andrena

ovatula represents such taxonomic impediment with great individual variations in size,

body length and even in coloration. Several species were collected and identified on the

basis of morphological characters. This study involved DNA sequencing of COI region of

the mitochondrial DNA genome of A. ovatula to determine the population genetics and bio-

geographical structure from three different locations in Egypt (Alexandria (A), Monofia (M)

and Suez Canal (S)). Each population had three females as a preliminary study of this

group for barcoding in Egypt. All investigated samples belonged to nine mtDNA haplotype.

The phylogentic analysis showed that there are two groups of A. ovatula as some samples

matched 100% with Andrena intermedia not known or recorded in Egypt so far. A large

sampling scale of these species which is widely distributed in Asia, Europe and Africa

could show more population differentiation. Further studies can help for more

clarifications of the species identity of the genus Andrena worldwide. © 2019 Friends

Science Publishers

International journal of agriculture & biology

2019 22: 587–593

Pag 158


Influence of laser irradiation on rumen fluid for biogas production from

dairy manure

E. Abdelsalam a, *, M. Samer b, **, M.A. Abdel-Hadi c, H.E. Hassan a, Y. Badr a

a National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences (NILES), Cairo University, 12613 Giza, Egypt b Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, 12613 Giza, Egypt c Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez-Canal University,

41522 Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

The irradiation of rumen fluid (RF) with laser source was hypothesized to enhance the

anaerobic process and accelerate the manure digestion, which increases the biogas and

methane production. The photobiostimulating effects of laser irradiation on biogas and

methane production were investigated by irradiating the RF for 0.5, 1 and 2 h with 532 nm

laser source compared with 1 h incandescent light, nonirradiated RF and the control. The

highest significant values of the biogas and methane production were found to be 583 ml

Biogas g_1 VS and 367.9 ml CH4 g_1 VS when RF was irradiated for 0.5 h with 532 nm

laser source (p < 0.05) compared with the other irradiation times with laser, incandescent

light source, non-irradiated RF, and the control which yielded only 357ml Biogas g_1 VS

and 196 ml CH4 g_1 VS, respectively. Moreover, the biogas and methane production rates

were found to be inversely proportional with the irradiation time using laser source. The

results showed that the lag phase was reduced from 4 days to 1 day. Additionally, the time

to achieve the highest biogas production (peak) was reduced from day 28 to day 16 of the

Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) compared with the control.

Energy

2018

(163) 404-415

Pag 159


Gene action conditioning resistance to Aspergillus ear rot in maize under

water stress conditions

Manal Hefny1, Metwali E.

2,3*, Ali A

1., El-Marzouki H

3. and Isam Abu Zeid

4

1. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, EGYPT 2. Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, 21959 Jeddah, SAUDI ARABIA 3. Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, EGYPT 4. Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 139109, Jeddah 21323, SAUDI ARABIA

Abstract

The exploitation of genetic variability to develop new sources resistant to Aspergillus ear

rot is a prime concern for corn breeders. The present study was designed to estimate gene

action and inheritance for flowering traits, ear rot percent and antioxidants activities of five

maize inbred lines and their 10 diallel single crosses under control and water stress

conditions. Two irrigation regimes; control and water stress and the 15 genotypes were

allocated to main and sub-plots respectively. General (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining

abilities were significant sources of variation, although GCA recorded greater contribution

of the variation. The crosses INB45xINB39, INB76xINB39, INB31xINB76 and INB31xINB39

with negative and significant SCA effects for low ear rot infection were considered useful

in future breeding programs targeting both reduced levels of fungal infection and early

silking. Using ISSR marker, a total of eight bands were found to be useful positive or

negative markers of drought stress. The cluster analysis based on ISSR analysis clearly

distinguished maize genotypes from each other while cluster A, B and C included

tolerance parental genotypes, while sensitive genotypes were included in cluster E with

most of their hybrids that reflect its different genetic structure from other tested maize

genotypes.

y Research journal of biotechnolog 2019

(13) 34 - 43

Pag 160


Biological control of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) using four

predatory mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on two sweet pea cultivars.

Marwa S. Kamel1; Sahar Ibrahim Afia2 and El Sayed El Saiedy2

1 Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University 41522, Ismailia, Egypt. 2 Plant Protection Departments, National Research Center, Doki, Giza, Egypt.

Abstract

Studies of biological control were conducted during winter season 2014/2015 at Beheira

Governorate to evaluate the efficacy of four phytoseiid predatory mites namely

Phytoseiulus persimilis (Athias-Henriot), Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor), Euseius

scutalis (Athias-Henriot) and Cydnoseius negevi (Swirski and Amitai) in suppressing the

population of the two spotted spider mites (TSSM) Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari:

Tetranychidae) on two cultivars of sweet pea (Sugar lis and snow pea) under high tunnel

of plastic-net condition. The obtained results indicated that the four tested predatory mites

differed significantly in the reduction percentages of egg and movable stages of TSSM in

the two studied cultivars. Obviously, P. persimilis and N.californicus were the most

effective tested predatory mites in reducing TSSM- population, whereas E. scutalis and C.

negevi were the least effective ones.

Bioscience research

2018

15(1): 185-191

Pag 161


Interlaced influence of arbuscular mycorrhiza and water management on

mite infestation and kohlrabi production

Alaa F. Mohammed a,†, Rewaa.S. El shatoury b,†, Marwa S.Kamel c,† ,Amr K. Mahmoud d,*

a Department of Agric.Botany-Faculty of Agricultural-Suez Canal University, Egypt.

b Department of Horticulture-Faculty of Agricultural-Suez Canal University, Egypt.

c Department of Plant Protection-Faculty of Agricultural-Suez Canal University, Egypt.

d Department of Physical and Soil Chemistry-Desert Research Center (DRC), Egypt

Abstract An experiment was conducted to assess the influence of arbuscular mycorrhiza and water management on mite infestation and kohlrabi production. This study monitored the influence of three water quantity treatments (Q1, Q2, Q3) with averages of 180 mm, 270 mm and 360 mm, respectively, and two treatments of seed inoculation: 1) seeds inoculated by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and, 2) seeds not inoculated by arbuscular mycorrhizal (Non-AM) on yield production, plant parameters, mite density, canopy temperature, water use and heat use efficiency. The results revealed that the mycorrhizal inoculation increased the yield production with a low amount of water (Q2) by approximately 55% compared to the other treatments with an irrigation water use efficiency of 7.54 kg/m3 and a heat use efficiency of 23.6 kg/ha/°C/d. Moreover, leaf chlorophyll concentration especially with the low amount of water (Q2) was 61%, which was the same as the net irrigation water requirement. The interaction between AM and Q2 was highly significant for mycorrhizal root colonization (71%), and had a positive effect on all plant parameters (plant length, leaf number, root length). Furthermore, predator and soil mites (Amblyseius swirskii, Euseius scutalis, Golumna tarsipennata, Zygoribatula tritici) had significant densities with the same interaction treatment. Noticeably, these results encouraged using AM inocula as “bio-enhancers” of plant performance in agricultural systems.

Agriculture and Natural Resources

2019

(53) 205–217

Pag 162


Real-time quality authentication of honey using atmospheric pressure

chemical ionisation mass spectrometry (APCI-MS)

Gamal ElMasry,1,2,3* Noha Morsy,2 Salim Al-Rejaie,1 Charfedinne Ayed,3 Robert Linforth3

& Ian Fisk3

1 Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 2 Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ring Road Km 4.5, P.O. Box 41522, Ismailia, Egypt 3 Division of Food Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, UK

Abstract The aim of this study was to use gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and

APCI-MS techniques to detect adulteration in honey. The key volatile compounds in the

headspace of the adulterated honey were marked by GC-MS and their representative

fragment ions were utilised in scanning honey samples using the real-time APCI-MS

system. The PLS models validated using independent data sets resulted in coefficient of

the determination (R2p ) of 0.97 and 0.96 and root mean square error in prediction

(RMSEP) of 2.62 and 2.45 for the GC-MS and APCI-MS data sets respectively. The most

efficient volatiles from GC-MS analysis and their corresponding fragment ions m/z from

APCI-MS data analysis were then identified and used to develop new PLS models to

predict the level of adulteration. The best PLS model gave R2p of 0.95 and RMEP of 2.60%

in the independent validation set indicating that the model was very accurate in predicting

the level of adulteration.

International Journal of Food Science and Technology

2019 (54) 2983–2997

Pag 163


Effectiveness of recyclable aluminum cans in fabricating an efficient solar

collector for drying agricultural products

Sameh S.Kishk Ramadan A.ElGamal Gamal M.ElMasry

Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, 41522,

Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

The shortages in conventional fuels along with the continuous rise in their prices have led

to an increased emphasis on using solar energy as an alternative source of energy.

However, establishing reliable and affordable solar collectors for different applications is a

great challenge. Therefore, this study aimed to design and fabricate an efficient and cheap

solar air collector from recyclable aluminum cans. Two dryers of different configurations

(closed and open modes) were then constructed and examined for drying tomatoes under

different operating conditions. The results revealed that the thermal efficiency of the

designed solar collectors increased considerably from 25 to 63% when the air-flow

rate increased from 15 to 45 m3h

-1. In comparison to the conventional method of open sun

drying, the designed solar dryers enhanced both the drying rate and the overall quality of

the final product. In the designed solar dryer, over three days of consecutive drying (30 h

of drying), the moisture content of tomato wedges was reduced from 19 to less than 1 kg

[H2O] kg−1

[dry matter]. The closed-mode dryer configuration, which recirculates the drying

air, showed a considerable increase in the drying rate and weigh loss over the traditional

sun dryers and open-mode dryer systems. Among all mathematical models, a non-linear

quadratic model (Wang and Singh model) has shown a better fit to the experimental drying

data compared to the other models.

Renewable Energy

2019

(133) 307-316




https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/energy-engineering

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/airflow-rate

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/airflow-rate

Pag 164


Utilization of computer vision and multispectral imaging techniques for

classification of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) seeds

Gamal ElMasry1,4, Nasser Mandour1, Marie‑Helene Wagner2, Didier Demilly2, Jerome

Verdier4, Etienne Belin3,4 and David Rousseau3,4*

1 Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, P.O Box 41522, Ismailia, Egypt. 2 GEVES, Station Nationale d’Essais de Semences (SNES), 49071 Beaucouzé, Angers, France. 3 Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systèmes (LARIS), Université d’Angers, Angers, France. 4 INRA, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, 49071 Beaucouzé, Angers, France.

Abstract

Background: The traditional methods for evaluating seeds are usually performed through destructive sampling

followed by physical, physiological, biochemical and molecular determinations. Whilst proven to be effective,

these approaches can be criticized as being destructive, time consuming, labor intensive and requiring

experienced seed analysts. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the potential of computer vision

and multispectral imaging systems supported with multivariate analysis for high-throughput classification of

cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) seeds. An automated computer-vision germination system was utilized for

uninterrupted monitoring of seeds during imbibition and germination to identify different categories of all

individual seeds. By using spectral signatures of single cowpea seeds extracted from multispectral images,

different multivariate analysis models based on linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were developed for classifying

the seeds into different categories according to ageing, viability, seedling condition and speed of germination.

Results: The results revealed that the LDA models had good accuracy in distinguishing ‘Aged’ and ‘Non-aged’

seeds with an overall correct classification (OCC) of 97.51, 96.76 and 97%, ‘Germinated’ and ‘Non-germinated’

seeds with OCC of 81.80, 79.05 and 81.0%, ‘Early germinated’, ‘Medium germinated’ and ‘Dead’ seeds with OCC

of 77.21, 74.93 and

68.00% and among seeds that give ‘Normal’ and ‘Abnormal’ seedlings with OCC of 68.08, 64.34 and 62.00% in

training, cross-validation and independent validation data sets, respectively. Image processing routines were

also developed to exploit the full power of the multispectral imaging system in visualizing the difference among

seed categories by applying the discriminant model in a pixel-wise manner.

Conclusion: The results demonstrated the capability of the multispectral imaging system in the ultraviolet, visible

and shortwave near infrared range to provide the required information necessary for the discrimination of

individual cowpea seeds to different classes. Considering the short time of image acquisition and limited sample

preparation, this stat-of-the art multispectral imaging method and chemometric analysis in classifying seeds

could be a valuable tool for on-line classification protocols in cost-effective real-time sorting and grading

processes as it provides not only morphological and physical features but also chemical information for the

seeds being examined. Implementing image processing algorithms specific for seed quality assessment along

with the declining cost and increasing power of computer hardware is very efficient to make the development of

such computer-integrated systems more attractive in automatic inspection of seed quality.

Plant Methods

2019

(15) 15:24

Pag 165


Expeditious prediction of post-mortem changes in frozen fish meat using

three-dimensional fluorescence fingerprints

Md. Mizanur Rahmana,b, Mario Shibataa, Gamal ElMasryc,d,e, Naho Nakazawaa, Shigeki

Nakauchie,Tomoaki Hagiwaraa, Kazufumi Osakoa and Emiko Okazakia

aDepartment of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology,

Tokyo, Japan; bDepartment of Fisheries Technology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University,

Patuakhali, Bangladesh; cDepartment of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King

Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; dAgricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture,

Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; eDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering,

Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Japan

Abstract The present study was conducted to characterize fluorophores in the fish body using

threedimensional fluorescence fingerprints (3D-FFs) and to utilize these 3D-FFs obtained

from frozen horse mackerel (Trachurus japonicus) fillets to predict early post-mortem

changes. Alive fish were sacrificed instantly, preserved in ice until 2 days, and then

filleted, vacuum packed, and frozen. Subsequently, 3D-FFs of the frozen fillets were

acquired using F-7000 aided with a fiber probe. Post-mortem freshness changes were

tracked by measuring adenylate energy charge (AEC) values and nicotinamide adenine

dinucleotide (NAD and NADH) content. Partial least squares regression models for

predicting AEC values and NADH content in frozen fish meat showed good fittings, with

R2 of 0.90 and 0.85, by utilizing eight and five excitation wavelengths, respectively, based

on their fluorescence features acquired from standard fluorophores. This novel approach

of 3D-FFs could be utilized as an efficient technique for at-line monitoring of frozen fish

quality.

Bioscience, biotechnology, and

biochemistry

2019

(83) 901-913

Pag 166


Recent Applications of Multispectral Imaging in Seed Phenotyping and

Quality Monitoring—An Overview

Gamal ElMasry 1,2,3,* , Nasser Mandour 2, Salim Al-Rejaie 1 , Etienne Belin 3,4 and David

Rousseau 3,4

1 Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi

Arabia; [email protected]

2 Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ring Road Km 4.5, Ismailia P.O. Box 41522, Egypt;

[email protected]

3 INRA, UMR1345 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, 42 rue Georges Morel CS 60057, F-49071

Beaucouzé CEDEX, Angers, France; [email protected] (E.B.); [email protected] (D.R.)

4 Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systèmes (LARIS), Université d’Angers, 62 avenue Notre

Dame du Lac, 49000 Angers, France

Abstract

As a synergistic integration between spectroscopy and imaging technologies, spectral imaging

modalities have been emerged to tackle quality evaluation dilemmas by proposing different designs

with effective and practical applications in food and agriculture. With the advantage of acquiring

spatio-spectral data across a wide range of the electromagnetic spectrum, the state-of-the-art

multispectral imaging in tandem with different multivariate chemometric analysis scenarios has

been successfully implemented not only for food quality and safety control purposes, but also in

dealing with critical research challenges in seed science and technology. This paper will shed some

light on the fundamental configuration of the systems and give a birds-eye view of all recent

approaches in the acquisition, processing and reproduction of multispectral images for various

applications in seed quality assessment and seed phenotyping issues. This review article continues

from where earlier review papers stopped but it only focused on fully-operated multispectral imaging

systems for quality assessment of different sorts of seeds. Thence, the review comprehensively

highlights research attempts devoted to real implementations of only fully-operated multispectral

imaging systems and does not consider those ones that just utilized some key wavelengths

extracted from hyperspectral data analyses without building independent multispectral imaging

systems. This makes this article the first attempt in briefing all published papers in multispectral

imaging applications in seed phenotyping and quality monitoring by providing some examples and

research results in characterizing physicochemical quality traits, predicting physiological

parameters, detection of defect, pest infestation and seed health.

Sensors

2019 19(5): 1090

Pag 167


Associative learning and memory retention of nectar yeast volatiles in a

generalist parasitoid

Islam S. Sobhy a, b, *, Tim Goelen a, Beatriz Herrera-Malaver c, Kevin J. Verstrepen c,Felix

W€ackers d, e, Hans Jacquemyn f, Bart Lievens a

a Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management (PME&BIM), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Campus De Nayer, Sint-Katelijne Waver, Belgium b Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt c VIB Lab for Systems Biology & Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics (CMPG) Lab for Genetics and Genomics, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium d Biobest, Westerlo, Belgium e Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, U.K. f Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Population Biology, Biology Department, KU Leuven, Leuven,

Belgium

Abstract

Understanding how animals learn is crucial to interpreting animal behaviour. Flower-visiting insects, such as bees and parasitoids, are excellent animal models to study visual and olfactory learning, including memory phenomena. The diversity of resources flower-visiting insects exploit predisposes them to learn and remember the colours, shapes and odours associated with rewarding experiences (e.g. flowers), allowing them to focus on the most rewarding resources. Recent research has shown that nectar-living microbes release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that contribute to overall flower scent. Nevertheless, little is known about the extent to which nectar microbiota mediate insect learning of floral preferences. In this study, we investigated whether VOCs produced by nectar microbes serve as a learning cue to parasitoids and how long any developed preference is maintained. Experiments were performed using the generalist aphid parasitoid Aphidius ervi and three nectar yeasts, including the nectar specialist Metschnikowia reukauffi and the generalist species Hanseniaspora uvarum and Sporobolomyces roseus. Results showed that naïve parasitoids had an innate preference for nectar fermented by the nectar specialist M. reukauffi, but not by the other two yeasts which had either a neutral (H. uvarum) or deterrent (S. roseus) effect. When parasitoids were conditioned with yeast-fermented nectar, they were strongly attracted to their odours 2 and 24 h after conditioning, but not after 48 h. Furthermore, when parasitoids were conditioned to one yeast-fermented nectar, they also showed increased attraction to other yeast-fermented nectars. This generalization suggests that their learning ability may have broader ecological consequences. However, this generalized response to other yeast VOCs lasted for only 2 h. We conclude that parasitoids show conditioned responses to the scent of yeast-fermented nectar, and yeasts, therefore, may play an important.

Animal Behaviour

2019 (153): 137-146

Pag 168


Correlated responses on litter size traits and survival traits after two-stage

selection for ovulation rate and litter size in rabbits

A. Y. Badawya, R. Peirób, A. Blasco and M. A. Santacreu†

a Present address: Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt. b Present address: Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València.

Abstract

Farmer profit depends on the number of slaughter rabbits. The improvement of litter size (LS) at birth by two-stage selection for ovulation rate (OR) and LS could modify survival rate from birth to slaughter. This study was aiming to estimate direct and correlated response on LS traits and peri- and postnatal survival traits in the OR_LS rabbit line selected first only for OR (first period) and then for OR and LS using independent culling levels (second period). The studied traits were OR, LS measured as number of total born, number of kits born alive (NBA) and dead (NBD), and number of kits at weaning (NW) and young rabbits at slaughter (NS). Prenatal survival (LS/OR) and survival at birth (NBA/LS), at weaning (NW/NBA) and at slaughter (NS/NW) were also studied. Data were analysed using Bayesian inference methods. Heritability for LS traits were low, 0.07 for NBA, NW and NS. Survival traits had low values of heritability 0.07, 0.03 and 0.03 for NBA/LS, NW/NBA and NS/NW, respectively. After six generations of selection by OR (first period), a small increase in NBD and a slight decrease in NBA/LS were found. However, no correlated responses on NW/NBA and NS/NW were observed. After 11 generations of two-stage selection for OR and LS (second period), correlated responses on NBA, NW and NS were 0.12, 0.12 and 0.11 kits per generation, respectively, whereas no substantial modifications on NBA/LS, NW/NBA and NS/NW were found. In conclusion, two-stage selection improves the number of young rabbits at slaughter without modifying survival from birth to slaughter.

Animal

2019 (13): 453–459

Pag 169


Correlated responses on growth traits after two-stage selection for

ovulation rate and litter size in rabbits

R. Peiro´ a, A. Y. Badawyb, A. Blasco and M. A. Santacreu†

aPresent address: Instituto de Conservacio´ n y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, P.O. Box 22012, 46071 Valencia, Spain bPresent address: Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Rabbit commercial maternal lines are usually selected for litter size (LS) and paternal lines for growth rate (GR). Line OR_LS was selected by ovulation rate (OR) and LS to improve LS more efficiently. In this study, growth traits of line OR_LS were evaluated by estimating the correlated response on weaning weight (WW), slaughter weight (SW) and GR during fattening period as well as their variability (DWW, DSW and DGR, respectively). Data were analyzed using Bayesian inference methods. Heritability estimates were low for growth traits (0.09, 0.13 and 0.14 for WW, SW and GR, respectively) and negligible for growth traits variability (0.01, 0.004 and 0.01 for DWW, DSW and DGR, respectively). Moderate common litter effect ratio (c2; 0.35, 0.28 and 0.27) and low maternal effect ratio (m2; 0.11, 0.05 and 0.01) were obtained for WW, SW and GR, respectively. Both c2 and m2 were lower at slaughter than at weaning. In addition, low common litter effect and negligible maternal effect were observed for growth traits variability. Genetic correlations between LS and both growth traits and their variability were close to zero. Positive genetic correlations were observed between OR and growth traits (0.19, 0.38 and 0.36 for WW, SW and GR, respectively) as well as between OR and growth traits variability (0.35, 0.62 and 0.20 for DWW, DSW and DGR, respectively). Positive correlated responses in both periods were obtained for growth traits, WW, SW and GR (0.037, 0.156 and 0.110 kg, respectively). The correlated response found in growth traits might be due to the positive genetic correlations between OR and these traits. However, selection for OR and LS using independent culling levels did not modify the growth traits variability. Therefore, no negative consequences on growth traits can be expected in current commercial maternal lines.

Animal

2019 (13) 2457–2462

Pag 170


Cross-cultural comparison of physiological and psychological responses

to different garden styles

Mohamed Elsadeka,b, Minkai Sunc,⁎, Ryo Sugiyamad, Eijiro Fujiie

a College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai, China b Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Egypt c College of Design, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China d UBC Botanic Garden, Vancouver, Canada e Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, 648 Matsudo Matsudo-shi Chiba, 271-8510,

Japan

Abstract

Previous studies have focused mostly on distinguishing between the benefits of spending

time in natural spaces compared to urban spaces, but less is known about the restorative

potential of gardens. The goal of this study is to investigate the physiological and

psychological effects of viewing different garden styles on 57 university students from two

countries (Japan and Canada). Three gardens with different styles, landscape, Japanese

and architectural gardens located in Vancouver, Canada were used as the test sites. The

participants' eye movements and heart rate variability were assessed while they were

viewing each garden. After viewing each garden, the participants filled out a semantic

differential questionnaire. We found that the Japanese garden attracted more fixations, but

fixation durations varied among the garden styles. Extra fixation duration on a particular

garden might be correlated with the detailed analysis of the garden’s elements. The mean

HF data which reflected parasympathetic nervous activity increased on viewing the

landscape garden. In addition, the participants were likely to choose the landscape garden

as the most natural-looking. The results suggest that visual perception of gardens is not

an isolated or uniform cognitive mechanism, but rather one that interacts with biological

and cultural processes. To encourage the utilization of gardens as a resource for

promoting wellbeing in urban spaces, further scientific evidence and collaboration among

experts in the relevant fields is urgently needed.

Urban Forestry & Urban Greening

2019

(38) 74–83

Pag 171


Green façades: Their contribution to stress recovery and well-being in

highdensity cities

Mohamed Elsadeka,b, Binyi Liua,⁎, Zefeng Liana

a Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, China b Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Egypt

Abstract

Rapid urbanization and the lack of green infrastructure threaten the health of urban

dwellers. Green façades have been proposed as a green infrastructure solution to

compensate for the loss of green spaces in dense city areas; however, as far as we know,

there is inadequate evidence for associations between views of green façades and

relaxation. This study aims to clarify the physiological and psychological relaxation effects

of viewing a green façade landscape. Twenty-five Chinese females (23 ± 1.5 years) viewed

a green façade landscape or a building-wall for 5 min. Data were generated using

electroencephalographic, heart rate variability, and skin conductance physiological

measures and psychological measures using a semantic differential questionnaire and a

Profile of Mood State. Findings suggest that, compared to the viewing of the building wall,

the viewing of the green façade resulted in a significant increase in alpha relative waves in

the frontal and occipital lobes, a significant increase in parasympathetic activity, and a

significant decrease in the skin conductance as well as a substantial increase in

comfortable, relaxed, and natural feelings, and a significant improvement in mood state.

The green façade appears to enhance human physiological and psychological relaxation

compared to the building-wall.


2019

(46) 126446

Pag 172


The influence of urban roadside trees and their physical environment on

stress relief measures: A field experiment in Shanghai

Mohamed Elsadeka,b, Binyi Liua,⁎, Zefeng Liana, Junfang Xiea

a Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai, China b Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Egypt

Abstract

In recent years, the worldwide accelerated rate of urbanization has highlighted the critical necessity of creating more green spaces for the leisure and recreation activities of urban residents. Nevertheless, the human psychological responses to urban roadside trees with different vegetation have not been fully explored. This study investigates the psychological states (mood, anxiety, restorative outcomes and subjective vitality) after short walks along different urban roads. Three-hundred and sixty-four participants visited four types of urban road: a road where buildings are concentrated was selected as a control road, and three roads surrounded by Sakura, London plane, and Metasequoia trees respectively. The Profile of Mood States, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Restorative Outcomes, and Subjective Vitality Scales were used to determine the participants’ psychological responses. The physiologically equivalent temperature was utilized to assess the thermal comfort conditions of the selected roads. The results reveal that a short walk along urban roads surrounded by Metasequoia or Sakura or London plane trees respectively significantly reduced the negative psychological states of tension, fatigue, confusion, and anxiety compared to the control road. Additionally, the participants’ restorative outcome and vitality were higher after walking along the Metasequoia and Sakura roads. Moreover, no significant differences in the psychological responses to the different roads were detected between male and female participants. Thermal adaptation and psychological parameters strongly affect human thermal comfort levels in outdoor spaces. Our results offer essential insights on the use of urban roadside trees as a resource for mitigating stress and promoting health in urban dwellers.


2019

(42) 51–60

Pag 173


Effects of egg weight and light sources during incubation period on

embryonic development and post-hatch growth of Japanese quail (Coturnix

japonica) A.M. Hanafy1,2* and I.M. Hegab2,3

1 Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt 2 College of grassland science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu province, 730070, China 3 Department of Hygiene, Zoonoses and Animal Behaviour and Management, Faculty of Veterinary

Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt

Abstract This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of egg weight and different light sources

during incubation and their interactions on embryonic development, hatchability (%) and post-

hatched growth of Japanese quail chicks. A total of 700 fertile eggs were assigned into two

categories; the first was incubated in white fluorescent (FL) light and the second was set at

incandescent (INC) light and each group was classified into two subgroups according to egg weight

into small (10.00–12.67 g) and large (12.68–15.30 g) eggs. Results showed significant differences

between incubated groups on most of the examined traits. The relative embryonic weight at day 14

of incubation and the hatchability were significantly higher in the FL group than that in the INC

group. Average chick weight at hatch and at 6 weeks of age increased significantly with the increase

in egg weight under both light sources. Chicks hatched from large eggs under FL light had higher

weight gain and feed intake, but the mortality rate of chicks was not affected by the treatments.

There was a clear light source × egg weight interaction for the relative embryonic weight,

hatchability and embryonic mortality. Higher hatchability and relative embryonic weight were

obtained from the small eggs incubated under FL and INC light, respectively, while birds hatched

from the large eggs incubated under FL light showed the best weight gain and feed conversion ratio.

Furthermore, FL chicks exhibited higher (P≤0.01) plasma triiodothyronine hormone (T3) level, total

protein, albumin, globulin, glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride concentration of embryos than

those measured in the INC group. We conclude that higher hatchability and better growth

performance during both embryonic life and post-hatch might be attributed to the role of the light

source on physiological and metabolic processes. Therefore, it is recommended to incubate larger

eggs of Japanese quails under FL light as the best condition to achieve high production parameters.

European Poultry Science

2019

(83) 1-14

Pag 174


Effect of egg weight on external and internal qualities, physiological and

hatching success of Japanese quail eggs (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

Ibrahim Magdy Hegab1,2,3

, Ahmed Mohamed Hanafy4*

1College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China

2Gansu Agricultural University-Massey University Research Centre for Grassland

Biodiversity, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China 3Department of Hygiene, Zoonosis and Animal Behavior and Management, Faculty of

Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt 4Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, 41522

Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of egg weight and their physical characteristics on embryonic development, hatchability and weight of newly hatched chicks in Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica). A total 689 eggs were classified into two categories; small < 13.5 g and Large ≥ 13.5 g and different external eggshell and internal quality traits were measured. At 6 and 14 days of incubation, tissue triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) were extracted and analyzed in both groups. Examination of internal egg-quality traits revealed that larger eggs had significantly higher yolk height, yolk diameter, yolk weight, albumen height and albumen weight (P≤0.01). However, Haugh unit score (P=0.27) didn’t significantly differ between the two groups. Also, for eggshell quality parameters, large eggs had significantly higher total pore count, surface area, shell volume and eggshell weight than small eggs (P≤0.05) which consequently improved hatchability % and chick weight. Similarly, Pearson’s correlation coefficient revealed various degrees of significant correlations (P≤0.05) between eggs weight and different external and internal egg parameters. Thyroid hormones didn’t show any significant differences between egg groups at 6 day while at 14 day a significant difference was recorded (P≤0.05). In conclusion, larger egg sizes are recommended for better hatchability percentage, lesser embryonic deaths and improved hatching weights than smaller eggs in quail breeding and production industry.

Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science

2019

(21) 1-8

Pag 175


Assessing spatial learning and working memory in plateau zokors in

comparison with plateau pikas and laboratory rats

Ibrahim M. Hegab1,2,3

, Yuchen Tan1,2

, Yukun Kang1,2

, Haifang Wang1,2

, Weihong Ji2,4

, Ahmed

M. Hanafy1,2,5

, Junhu Su1,2

1 College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education),

Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China 2 Gansu Agricultural University-Massey University Research Centre for Grassland Biodiversity,

Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China 3 Department of Hygiene, Zoonoses and Animal Behaviour and Management, Faculty of Veterinary

Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt 4 Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 102904 North Shore

Mail Centre, Auckland 0632, New Zealand 5 Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt

Abstract

Spatial learning and memory skills are imperative for the survival and fitness of subterranean rodents because of the harsh underground niche in which they live that necessitates the avoidance of higher energy expenditures or probable conflicts with conspecifics or predators. Our study aims to assess the spatial learning and working memory performance of a subterranean rodent species, plateau zokors (Eospalax baileyi), compared to that of the surface-dwelling plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae) and laboratory rats (Rattus norvegicus) which spend a considerable time of their lives above ground. Animals were tested with a spatial delayed alternation task in a T-maze for six consecutive days. Plateau zokors showed less efficient learning and working memory capacity in the T-maze compared to plateau pikas and laboratory rats, which maintained accurate and consistent increased spatial learning rates and working memory performances. The three species did not show bias towards a certain arm of the maze. Additionally, clear sex-specific differences were observed in the laboratory rats regarding spatial learning and working memory functions, while in pikas and zokors, no sex-specific variations were detected. The latency to accomplish the task was significantly lower in rats than in pikas and zokors, but no sex-specific differences were detected in all the species. The inferior performance of plateau zokors, compared to pikas and rats, in the T-maze might imply that although the functional significance of working memory may overlap in diverse taxonomic groups, the adaptive value thereof may differ considerably across taxa on account of the divergence in environmental stability, domestication, habitat structure, behavioural needs and the available sensory cues between species.

Acta Ethologica

2019

(22) 163-173

Pag 176


Carbon and nitrogen mineralization and enzyme activities in soil aggregate-

size classes: Effects of biochar, oyster shells, and polymers

Yasser Mahmoud Awada, b, c, Sang Soo Leee, Ki-Hyun Kimd, Yong Sik Okb, ∗ , Yakov Kuzyakovf, g

a Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, Department of Agricultural Soil Science, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany b Korea Biochar Research Center, O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI) & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea c Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt d Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea e Division of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea f Department of Agricultural Soil Science, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany g Institute of Environmental Sciences, Kazan Federal University, 420049 Kazan, Russia

Abstract

Biochar (BC) and polymers are cost-effective additives for soil quality improvement and long-term sustainability. The additional use of the oyster shells (OS) powder in BC- or polymer-treated soils is recommended as a nutrient source, to enhance aggregation and to increase enzyme activities. The effects of soil treatments (i.e., BC (5Mgha−1) and polymers (biopolymer at 0.4Mgha−1 or polyacrylamide at 0.4Mgha−1) with or without the OS (1%)) on the short-term changes were evaluated based on a 30-day incubation experiment with respect to several variables (e.g., CO2 release, NH4 + and NO3 − concentrations, aggregate-size classes, and enzyme activities in an agricultural Luvisol). The BC and BP with the addition of OS increased the portion of microaggregates (<0.25mm) relative to the control soil without any additions, while PAM alone increased the portion of large macroaggregates (1–2mm). Concentrations of NO3 − also increased in soils treated with OS, OS + BC, and OS + BP as result of the increased chitinase and leucine aminopeptidase activities. The BC and BP when treated with the additional OS had significant short-term impacts on N mineralization without affecting C mineralization in soil. Consequently, the combination of BC or BP with OS was seen to accelerate N turnover without affecting C turnover (and related C losses) from soil. As such, the addition of these additives contributed considerably to the improvement of soil fertility and C sequestration.

Chemosphere

2018

(198) 40-48

Pag 177


Short-term biochar application induced variations in C and N mineralization

in a compost-amended tropical soil

Shih-Hao Jien1 & Wen-Chi Chen1 & Yong Sik Ok2 & Yasser Mahmoud Awad2,3 & Chien-Sen Liao4

1 Department of Soil and Water Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan 2 Korea Biochar Research Center and School of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea 3 Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 4 Department of Civil and Ecological Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan

Abstract

To mitigate food shortage due to global warming, developing sustainable management practices to stabilize soil organic matter (SOM) and sequester more carbon (C) in the cultivated soils is necessary, particularly in subtropical and tropical areas. A short-term (56 days) incubation experiment was conducted to evaluate the influences of rice husk biochar (RHB) and manure compost (MC) application on C mineralization and nitrogen (N) immobilization in a sandy loam soil. The RHB was separately incorporated into the soil at application rates of 2 and 4% (w/w) either with or without 1% (w/w) compost. Our results displayed that macroaggregates (≥2mm) were obviously increased by 11% in soil amended with RHB + MC at the end of incubation. In addition, the experimental results presented that the C mineralization of the soil rapidly increased during the first week of incubation. However, the co-application of compost with biochar (RHB + MC) revealed that CO2 emission was significantly decreased by 13–20% compared to the soil with only MC. In addition, the mineralized N in the soil was lower in RHB + MC-amended soil simultaneously than only MC-amended soil, indicating that biochar addition induced N immobilization. The physical protection of compost by its occlusion into aggregates or adsorption on surface of RHB as proved by the micromorphological observation was the main reason for lower C and N mineralization in soil amended with RHB + MC. Overall results revealed that RHB + MC treatment can decrease the decomposition of compost and sequester more C in the tropical agricultural soils.


(25) 25715–25725

Pag 178


Impact of biochar on mobilization, methylation, and ethylation of mercury

under dynamic redox conditions in a contaminated floodplain soil

Felix Beckersa, Yasser Mahmoud Awada,b,c, Jingzi Beiyuana,d,e, Jens Abrigataa, Sibylle Mothesf, Daniel C.W. Tsange, Yong Sik Okb,⁎, Jorg Rinklebea,g,⁎⁎

a University of Wuppertal, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Waste and Water Management, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Soil and Groundwater Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany b Korea Biochar Research Center, O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI) & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea c Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt d School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China e Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China f UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany g Department of Environment, Energy & Geoinformatics, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-Dong, Guangjin-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Abstract

Mercury (Hg) is a highly toxic element, which is frequently enriched in flooded soils due to its anthropogenic release. The mobilization of Hg and its species is of ultimate importance since it controls the transfer into the groundwater and plants and finally ends in the food chain, which has large implications on human health. Therefore, the remediation of those contaminated sites is an urgent need to protect humans and the environment. Often, the stabilization of Hg using amendments is a reliable option and biochar is considered a candidate to fulfill this purpose. We tested two different pine cone biochars pyrolyzed at 200 °C or 500 °C, respectively, with a view to decrease the mobilization of total Hg (Hgt), methylmercury (MeHg), and ethylmercury (EtHg) and/or the formation of MeHg and EtHg in a contaminated floodplain soil (Hgt: 41 mg/kg). We used a highly sophisticated automated biogeochemical microcosm setup to systematically alter the redox conditions from ~−150 to 300 mV. We continuously monitored the redox potential (EH) along with pH and determined dissolved organic carbon (DOC), SUVA254, chloride (Cl−), sulfate (SO4 2−), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn) to be able to explain the mobilization of Hg and its species. However, the impact of biochar addition on Hg mobilization was limited. We did not observe a significant decrease of Hgt, MeHg, and EtHg concentrations after treating the soil with the different biochars, presumably because potential binding sites for Hg were occupied by other ions and/or blocked by biofilm. Solubilization of Hg bound to DOC upon flooding of the soils might have occurred which could be an indirect impact of EH on Hg mobilization. Nevertheless, Hgt, MeHg, and EtHg in the slurry fluctuated between 0.9 and 52.0 μg/l, 11.1 to 406.0 ng/l, and 2.3 to 20.8 ng/l, respectively, under dynamic redox conditions. Total Hg concentrations were inversely related to the EH; however, ethylation of Hg was favored at an EH around 0 mV while methylation was enhanced between −50 and 100 mV. Phospholipid fatty acid profiles suggest that sulfate-reducing bacteria may have been the principal methylators in our experiment. In future, various biochars should be tested to evaluate their potential in decreasing the mobilization of Hg and to impede the formation of MeHg and EtHg under dynamic redox conditions in frequently flooded soils.

Environment International

2019

(127) 276–290

Pag 179


Wood biochar produces different rates of root growth and transpiration in

two maize hybrids (Zea mays L.) under drought stress

Leila Romdhanea,b, Yasser Mahmoud Awadc, Leila Radhouanea, Cristian Dal Cortivob, Giuseppe Barionb, Anna Panozzob and Teofilo Vameralib

aNational Institute of Agronomic Research of Tunisia (INRAT), University of Carthage, Ariana, Tunisia; bDepartment of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and the Environment, University of Padua, Legnaro, Padua, Italy; cDepartment of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of wood-derived biochar (BC) applied at 1% to a C-poor

silty-loam soil in the drought-tolerant (D24) and in the drought-sensitive (P1921) Pioneer

Hi-Bred maize hybrids in pot and field trials (NE Italy). D24 had better growth than P1921

under rain-fed conditions without irrigation and soil amendment. The addition of biochar

increased root growth in D24 (+38% root area) and decreases it in P1921 (−9%) at the

silking stage, while the fraction of finer roots (<250 μm diam.) was reduced in D24 and

increased in P1921. This led both hybrids to maintain the maximum transpiration at a

lower fraction of transpirable soil water (from 82% to 45% in D24, and from 46% to 22% in

P1921). There were no significant variations in plant nutrient contents, productivity and in

the protein and starch contents of the grains, whereas the lipid content was reduced by

biochar, particularly in P1921 (2.6% vs. 3% DW, −13%). We conclude that biochar can be

profitably used to enhance drought tolerance in maize, possibly due to improvements in

the physicochemical characteristics and the water content of treated soils, although

maximum benefits are expected in drought-tolerant hybrids through increased root

elongation and transpiration.

Archives of agronomy and soil science 2019

(65) 846–866

Pag 180


Influence of soil properties and feedstocks on biochar potential for carbon

mineralization and improvement of infertile soils

Ali El-Naggara,b,c,1, Sang Soo Leed,1, Yasser Mahmoud Awadb,e, Xiao Yanga,b, Changkook Ryuf, Muhammad Rizwang, Jörg Rinklebeh,i, Daniel C.W. Tsangj, Yong Sik

Oka,⁎

a Korea Biochar Research Center, O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI), Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea b School of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea c Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11241, Egypt d Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea e Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt f School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea g Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan h University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Soil- and Groundwater- Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany i Department of Environment, Energy, and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea j Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom,

Kowloon, Hong Kong, China

Abstract

The impact of biochar (BC) application on soil varies with BC feedstock and soil type. The objective of this study was to investigate the linkage between the properties and surface functionality of various BCs and their role in the rehabilitation of two infertile soils. Sandy loam (SL) and sandy (S) soils were collected from agricultural areas in Korea and Vietnam, respectively. The BCs of amur silvergrass residue (AB), paddy straw (PB), and umbrella tree (UB) were applied to the soils at a rate of 30 t ha−1 and incubated at 25 °C for 90 d. Soil carbon (C) mineralization was investigated by a periodic measurement of CO2 efflux. Soil texture strongly influenced the CO2 efflux more than the BC type as indicated by 2–4 folds increase in cumulative CO2-C efflux from the SL soil compared to that from the S soil. For the PB-, AB-, and UB-treated S soils, the values of cation exchange capacity (CEC) were increased by 906%, 180%, and 130%, respectively, compared to that of the control; however, for the PB-treated SL soil, only a 13% increase in CEC was found. The pH in the PB-treated S soil sharply increased by 4.5 units compared to that in the control, due to a high concentration of readily soluble compounds in the PB and the low buffering capacity of the S soil. The S soil was more sensitive to the addition of BCs than the SL soil. A more prominent improvement in soil fertility can be achieved by BC application to the sandy soil having low clay, nutrient, and organic matter contents.

Geoderma

2018

(332) 100–108

Pag 181


The Impact of Drought Stress on Antioxidant Responses and Accumulation

of Flavonolignans in Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn)

Mohammed S. Rafudeen 3 , Azza hamahmy 2,-, Mohamed A. M. ElAbdelaleim I. ElSayed 1H. Mohamed 4,5 and Ahmad A. Omar 1,5,*

1 Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;[email protected] 2 Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;[email protected] 3 Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701,South Africa; [email protected] 4 Agricultural Chemistry Department, Faculty of Agricultural, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;[email protected] 5 Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, IFAS, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA

Abstract

Biosynthesis and accumulation of flavonolignans in plants are influenced by differerent environmental conditions. Biosynthesis and accumulation of silymarin in milk thistle (Silybum marianum L.) were studied under drought stress with respect to the antioxidant defense system at the physiological and gene expression level. The results revealed a reduction in leaf chlorophyll, ascorbic acid, and glutathione contents. In contrast, H2O2, proline, and antioxidative enzyme activities, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR), were increased. These results confirmed that milk thistle undergoes oxidative stress under drought stress. Furthermore, transcription levels of APX, SOD, CAT, 1-Cys-Prx, and PrxQ were significantly increased in milk thistle under drought stress. Overall this suggests that protection against reactive oxygen species and peroxidation reactions in milk thistle are provided by enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Flavonolignans from milk thistle seeds after di_erent drought treatments were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and showed that severe drought stress enhanced the accumulation of silymarin and its components compared with seeds from the control (100% water capacity). Silybin is the major silymarin component and the most bioactive ingredient of the milk thistle extract. Silybin accumulation was the highest among all silymarin components in seeds obtained from drought-stressed plants. The expression of the chalcone synthase (CHS) genes (CHS1, CHS2, and CHS3), which are associated with the silybin biosynthetic pathway, was also increased during drought stress. These results indicated that milk thistle exhibits tolerance to drought stress and that seed derived from severe drought-stressed plants had higher levels of silymarin.

Plants 2019

8, 611

Pag 182


Exogenous spermidine enhances expression of Calvin cycle genes and

photosynthetic efficiency in sweet sorghum seedlings under salt stress

A.I. EL SAYED1*, M.A.M. EL-HAMAHMY2, M.S. RAFUDEEN3, and M.K.H. EBRAHIM4,5

Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt1 Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt2 Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, 7701 Rondebosch, South Africa3 Biology Department, Faculty of applied sciences, Umm Al- Qura University, postal code? Makkah Al- Mukarramah, KSA4 Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31257 Tanta, Egypt 5

Abstract

Salinity adversely affects plants resulting in disruption to plant growth and physiology. Previously, it has been shown that these negative effects can be alleviated by various exogenous polyamines. However, the role of spermidine (Spd) in conferring salinity tolerance in sorghum is not well documented. The effect of exogenous Spd on the responses of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) seedlings to salt stress (150 mM NaCl) was investigated by measuring photosynthetic carbon assimilation, Calvin cycle enzyme activities, and the the expression of respective genes. Application of 0.25 mM Spd alleviated the negative effects of salt stress on efficiency of photosystem II and CO2 assimilation and increased the activities of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) and aldolase. Salt stress significantly lowered the transcriptions of genes encoding Rubisco large subunit, Rubisco small subunit, 3-phosphoglyceric acid kinase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, triose-3-phosphate isomerase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase, fructose- 1,6-bisphosphate phosphatase, and sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase. However, transcriptions of genes encoding phosphoribokinase and Rubisco were up-regulated. The Spd application enhanced expressions of most of these genes. It appears Spd conferred salinity tolerance to sweet sorghum seedlings by enhancing photosynthetic efficiency through regulation of gene expressions and activities of key CO2 assimilation enzymes.

Biologia plantarum

2019

(63) 511-518

Pag 183


Smoke-Water Enhances Germination and Seedling Growth of Four

Horticultural Crops

Mohamed A. Elsadek 1,2,* and Eltohamy A. A. Yousef 2

1 Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Architecture and Urban Planning,

Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China

2 Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522,

Egypt

Abstract

The impact of plant-derived smoke as a promoter of seed germination in many crops is well documented. However, very little is known about (1) the appropriate plant species for smoke-water preparation, (2) the effect of smoke-water on the germination and the post-germination parameters in non-fire-prone environments, and (3) the relative importance of dark and light conditions and their possible effects. To fill these gaps in knowledge, we conducted field experiments to evaluate the effect of smoke-water produced from five plant species white willow, sage, rice straw, rosemary, and lemon eucalyptus on the germination and seedling growth of cucumber, tomato, scotch marigold, and gladiolus. The seeds and cormels were soaked in smoke-water under light or dark conditions. The results revealed that the smoke-water treatments derived from white willow and lemon eucalyptus enhanced germination, post-germination parameters, and macro element content whilst also contributing to dormancy-breaking. In addition, these smoke-water treatments significantly reduced abscisic acid content and increased _-amylase activity under light conditions; however, the stimulating effects were absent under dark conditions. In conclusion, we provide new evidence that germination and seedling growth in non-fire-prone environments can be enhanced by plant-derived smoke, and that stimulating impacts depend on the plant species used to prepare the smoke-water.

Plants

2019

(8) 1-17

Pag 184


Efect of diferent edible coatings on biochemical quality and shelf life

of apricots (Prunus armenica L. cv Canino)

Noha E. Morsy1 · Ahmed M. Rayan2

1 Department of Food Science & Technology (Home Economics Branch), Faculty

of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt

2 Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University,


Abstract

As apricots have limited marketability due to their high degree of perishability that usually

leads to extensive postharvest losses, this study determined the efect of diferent edible

coatings on the quality, enzyme activity and shelf life of apricots. Apricots were dipped in

diferent solutions of alginate, chitosan or gellan gum then stored at 4 °C and 80%±2%

relative humidity for 15 days. Uncoated fruits were similarly stored as controls. Results

revealed that the application of edible coatings reduced a range of degradative changes in

the fruits. There were signifcant diferences in a number of biochemical characteristics [pH,

titratable acidity (TA), total soluble solids (TSS) and vitamin C], external color, carotenoids,

weight loss and frmness when treated samples were compared to control samples. All

coatings were efective in inhibiting oxidative enzymes, with signifcant reductions

observed in peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities. Specifcally,

alginate (AL) 1%, chitosan (CH) 1% and gellan gum (GE) 1% demonstrated superiority in

inhibiting enzyme activity. Therefore, coating apricots with alginate, chitosan and gellan

gum can be considered a useful strategy for minimizing deterioration, maintaining quality

and improving the shelf life of apricots under the storage temperature of 4 °C.

Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization 2019 (13) 3173–3182

Pag 185


Impact of adding goldenberry (Physalis peruviana L.) on some quality characteristics and bio-functional properties of pasteurized carrot (Daucus carota L.) nectar

Hassan El-Sayed Embaby1 • Sayed Mohamed Mokhtar1

1 Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt

Abstract

Goldenberry juice was added in ratios of 0% (T1), 20% (T2), 30% (T3), 40% (T4) and 50%

(T5) to carrot juice. Then the blends were mixed with sucrose solution (1:1), and

pasteurized at 98 _C for 2 min. The produced carrot–goldenberry nectars were analyzed

for physicochemical, sensory and microbial characteristics, in comparison to the carrot

nectar, during 28 days of a cold storage at 4 _C. Results showed that the addition of

goldenberry juice significantly increased the levels of acidity, total soluble solids, ascorbic

acid and total phenolic compounds along with antioxidant activity for all nectars when

compared to the control carrot nectar (T1). In contrast, the levels of turbidity and b-

carotene were significantly decreased by the addition of goldenberry. For color

parameters, both L* and a* values were significantly decreased, while b* values were

significantly increased by the addition of goldenberry. Goldenberry improved the

organoleptic properties of the carrot nectar, and reduced deterioration in these properties

during storage. Moreover, the results of microbial analysis indicated that all nectars were

microbiologically safe (counts of total aerobic count and yeast and mold were less than 1

log10 CFU/mL). The carrot–goldenberry nectar (T3) had the highest overall acceptability

during storage time. The obtained results valorize exploiting of goldenberry juice in

processed fruit products like jams, juices and syrups.

Journal of Food Science and Technology 2019 (56) 966–975

Pag 186


Pag 187


Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking investigation of

benzhydrol- and indole-based dual PPAR-c/FFAR1 agonists

Khaled M. Darwish a,⇑ , Ismail Salama a, Samia Mostafa a, Mohamed S. Gomaa a, El-Sayed Khafagy b, Mohamed A. Helal a,c

a Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt b Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt c Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza 12587, Egypt

Abstract

Type-2 diabetes mellitus is a progressive cluster of metabolic disorders, representing a

global public health burden affecting more than 366 million people worldwide. We recently

reported the discovery of three series of novel agents showing balanced activity on two

metabolic receptors, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-c (PPAR-c) and free fatty

acid receptor 1 (FFAR1), also known as GPCR40. Our designing strategy relied on linking

the thiazolidinedione head with known GPCR privilege structures. To further investigate

this concept, two new scaffolds, the benzhydrol- and indole-based chemotypes, were

introduced here in. Our optimization campaign resulted in three compounds; 15a, 15c, and

15d, with affinities in the low micromolar range on both targets. In vivo study of selected

test compounds, revealed that 15c possesses a significant anti-hyperglycemic and anti-

hyperlipidemic activities superior to rosiglitazone in fat-fed animal models. Molecular

docking analysis was conducted to explain the binding modes of both series. These

compounds could lead to the development of the unique antidiabetic agent acting as

insulin sensitizer as well as insulin secretagogue.

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 2018

(28) 1595–1602

Pag 188


Analysis of Terpenes in Cannabis sativa L. Using GC/MS: Method

Development, Validation, and Application.

Elsayed A. Ibrahim1,2, MeiWang1, Mohamed M. Radwan1, 3, Amira S. Wanas1,4, Chandrani G. Majumdar1, Baharthi Avula 1, Yan-HongWang1, Ikhlas A. Khan1, 5, Suman Chandra1, Hemant Lata1,

Ghada M. Hadad2, Randa A. Abdel Salam2, Amany K. Ibrahim6, Safwat A. Ahmed6, Mahmoud A. ElSohly1, 7

1 National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA 2 Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 3 Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt 4 Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt 5 Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA 6 Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 7 Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA

Abstract

Terpenes are the major components of the essential oils present in various Cannabis sativa L. varieties. These compounds are responsible for the distinctive aromas and flavors. Besides the quantification of the cannabinoids, determination of the terpenes in C. sativa strains could be of importance for the plant selection process. At the University of Mississippi, a GC-MS method has been developed and validated for the quantification of terpenes in cannabis plant material, viz., α-pinene, β-pinene, β-myrcene, limonene, terpinolene, linalool, α-terpineol, β-caryophyllene, α-humulene, and caryophyllene oxide. The method was optimized and fully validated according to AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists) guidelines against reference standards of selected terpenes. Samples were prepared by extraction of the plant material with ethyl acetate containing n-tridecane solution (100 µg/mL) as the internal standard. The concentration-response relationship for all analyzed terpenes using the developed method was linear with r

2 values > 0.99.

The average recoveries for all terpenes in spiked indoor cultivated samples were between 95.0 – 105.7%, with the exception of terpinolene (67 – 70%). The measured repeatability and intermediate precisions (% relative standard deviation) in all varieties ranged from 0.32 to 8.47%. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation for all targeted terpenes were determined to be 0.25 and 0.75 µg/mL, respectively. The proposed method is highly selective, reliable, and accurate and has been applied to the simultaneous determination of these major terpenes in the C. sativa biomass produced by our facility at the University of Mississippi as well as in confiscated marijuana samples.

Planta medica

2019

438-431(85)

Pag 189


Donepezil improves neuropathy through activation of AMPK signaling

pathway in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice

Mangreed M. Atefa, Norhan M. El-Sayedb,⁎, Amal A.M. Ahmedc, Yasser M. Mostafab a Suez Canal University Teaching Hospitals, Ismailia, Egypt b Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt c Department of Cytology & Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus and is associated with structural changes in the nerves. However, the molecular basis for DN is poorly understood. Adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) has been shown to regulate the activity of some kinases including protein kinase B (AKT), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) that represent important signalling pathways modulating the function of peripheral nociceptive neuron. Donepezil can activate AMPK and exerts neuroprotective

effects. In this study, streptozotocin (45mg/kg for 5 Day, i.p.) was used to induce experimental DN. After confirmation of development of neuropathy, mice were randomly distributed into five groups: Group 1; negative control group received saline (0.9%NaCl), Group 2; diabetic mice received saline, Group (3–5); diabetic mice received daily donepezil (1, 2 or 4mg/kg, p.o.) respectively for20days. Micewerethen sacrificedunder anesthesia thentheir sciaticnerve andspinalcord were dissected out and processed for biochemical and histopathological studies. Diabetic mice revealed severe histological abnormalities including degenerated neurons in the spinal cord and swollen myelin sheath with inflammatory edema observed in sciatic nerves. In addition, diabetic mice showed reduced expression of p-AMPK in sciatic nerves with consequent activation of AKT/MAPK/4EBP1. A significant upregulation of the N-Methyl-Daspartate (NMDA) receptors in both cervical and lumbar regions of spinal cord of diabetic mice was also demonstrated. Donepezil, an AMPK activator, blocked the phosphorylation of AKT/MAPK/4EBP1, down regulate the expression of NMDA receptors and reversed hyperalgesia developed in diabetic mice. Therefore, Donepezil could be a potential pharmacological agent for management of DN.

Biochemical Pharmacology

2019

10-1(159)

Pag 190


Combined vildagliptin and memantine treatment downregulates expression of amyloid precursor protein, and total and phosphorylated tau in a rat model of combined Alzheimer’s disease and type 2 diabetes

Samar S. Khalaf1 & Mohamed M. Hafez2 & Eman T. Mehanna1 & Noha M. Mesbah1 &

Dina M. Abo-Elmatty1

1 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt 2 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October, Egypt

Abstract

There is increasing evidence of a link between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cognitive decline. T2DM has been recognized as a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The aim of this research was to investigate the biochemical and physiological effects of vildagliptin treatment alone, and in combination with memantine, in a rat model of combined T2DM and AD. The experimental study was carried out on 75 male Wistar rats weighing 180–200 g. The rats were divided into five groups (n = 15): normal group, Alzheimer diabetic control, treated with vildagliptin (10 mg/kg/day), treated with memantine (30 mg/kg/day), and treated with combination of drugs. Serum glucose, lipid profile, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), homocysteine (Hcy), and amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) were determined. Lipid peroxidation was measured in brain tissue. Expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP) in the brain was assessed by q-PCR, and expression of total and phosphorylated tau was determined by Western Blotting. Vildagliptin alone and in combination with memantine caused a decrease in blood glucose, HOMA-IR, lipid profile, Hcy, malanodialdhyde, and acetylcholinesterase, and an increase in apolipoprotein E. Expression of APP and phosphorylated tau protein was decreased with combined vildagliptin and memantine treatment. In conclusion, vildagliptin treatment, either alone or in combination with memantine, modulates AD-associated biochemical changes and downregulates amyloid precursor protein and phosphorylated tau expression in diabetic rats.

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology

2019

(392) 685–695

Pag 191


Treatment with combination of pioglitazone and glimepiride decreases

levels of chemerin and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in obese type

2 diabetic patients

Ahmed A. Youssef1, Eman T. Mehanna

2, Omnia I. Ezzat

1, Dina M. Abo-Elmatty

2, Hussein Al-

Sawaf1

1Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo,

Egypt 2 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522,

Egypt

Abstract

Chemerin is an adipokine that plays a crucial role in adipocyte differentiation and development, as well as in glucose and lipid metabolism. High levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), a naturally occurring product of metabolism, inhibit nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and are related to endothelial dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vildagliptin therapy and the combination of pioglitazone and glimepiride on the levels of NO, ADMA, and chemerin in diabetic patients. The study was conducted on 140 subjects, including 40 apparently healthy subjects, and 100 type 2 diabetic obese patients; 50 of them were treated with vildagliptin, and the other 50 patients revived combination of pioglitazone and glimepiride, both groups were treated for 12 months. For all participants, the levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), fructosamine, HbA1c, lipid profile, ADMA, NO, and chemerin were determined. The levels of those parameters were compared before and after treatment. In both treated groups, levels of FBG, fructosamine, HbA1c, TC, and LDL-C decreased after treatment. Levels of chemerin and ADMA decreased significantly after treatment, whereas the levels of NO increased compared to the baseline values. Additionally, levels of chemerin and ADMA in the group treated with combination of pioglitazone and glimepiride were significantly lower compared to the group treated with vildagliptin. In conclusion, treatment with combination of pioglitazone and glimepiride had a favorable effect on chemerin and ADMA levels in obese type 2 diabetic patients.

International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries 2019

(39) 551–556

Pag 192


Covalent immobilization of a halophilic, alkalithermostable lipase LipR2 on

Florisil ® nanoparticles for production of alkyl levulinates

Noha M. Mesbah

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia,

41522, Egypt

Abstract

A novel halophilic, alkalithermostable lipase LipR2 from Alkalispirillum sp. NM-ROO2 was

cloned and expressed. LipR2 was covalently immobilized on Florisil® functionalized with

glutaraldehyde. Protein binding efficiency of functionalized Florisil® was 94.7%.

Immobilized LipR2 retained 97.5% of specific activity of the free enzyme. Free LipR2 has

maximal activity at 52 °C, pH 9.3 and 1.9M NaCl and is resistant to surfactants and organic

solvents. Immobilization enhanced LipR2's extreme characteristics, and increased

thermostability of LipR2 with the half-life at 50 °C increasing three-fold. Immobilized LipR2

was used as a biocatalyst for esterification of levulinic acid with n-butanol. Under optimal

conditions, a 45.9% ester yield was obtained after 12 h. Immobilized LipR2 catalyzed

production of ethyl levulinate and 1-dodecyl levulinate with 48.8% and 26.2% ester yields,

respectively. When used in repetitive batch esterification, LipR2 retained 69%, 57% and

18.5% of initial activity on esterification of levulinic acid with ethanol, n-butanol and 1-

dodecanol, respectively.

Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 2019

(667) 22–29

Pag 193


The C-terminus of the ESAT6-like secretion system virulence factor EsxC

mediates divalent cation-dependent homodimerization

Rofida M. Abd El-Fatah a, Noha M. Mesbah b, Dina M. Abo-Elmatty b, Khaled A. Aly c*

a Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Industries, Sinai University, El-Arish, North Sinai, Egypt b Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt c Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Industries, Sinai University, El-Arish, North Sinai, Egypt

Abstract

The human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus encodes the ESAT6-like Secretion System (ESS). The ESS pathway secretes pathogenic substrates such as EsxA, EsxB, EsxC, EsxD and EssD that mediate staphylococcal establishment in persistent abscess lesions. The biochemical behavior of these substrates is not fully understood. EsxC is species-specific lysine-rich homodimer that lacks recognizable topogenic sequence. Studies have shown that EsxC is required for the secretion of other substrates, thereby revealing its biomedical importance. Here, EsxC self-association was investigated in the presence of several metal ion chelators. Results show that EsxC homodimerization is abolished in the presence of EDTA and EGTA, suggesting a role for calcium in mediating EsxC self-association. Complementation experiments confirm that EsxC homodimerization is calcium-dependent. N- and C-terminal truncations of EsxC were constructed, followed by bacterial two-hybrid screening. Results show that EsxC selfassociation is mediated by its C-terminal domain. Affinity purification of recombinant EsxC to apparent homogeneity, followed by chemical crosslinking and SDS-PAGE led to the detection of the monomeric and dimeric forms of the protein. In contrast and when a purified EsxC variant lacking the Cterminus was subjected to similar conditions, only the monomeric form was observed. These in vivo and in vitro data highlight the contribution of the C-terminus of the virulence factor EsxC to self-association, and document a previously unreported role for calcium in mediating protein-protein interactions in this pathogenic secretion system.

Toxicon

2019

(146) 129-137

Pag 194


Caffeic acid improves locomotor activity and lessens inflammatory burden in a mouse model of rotenone-induced nigral neurodegeneration: Relevance to Parkinson’s disease therapy

Sawsan A. Zaitonea,b,*, Eman Ahmedc, Nehal M. Elsherbinyd,e, Eman T. Mehannaf, Mohammed K. El-Kherbetawyg, Mohamed H. ElSayedh, Duha M. Alshareefi, Yasser M.

Moustafab

aDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia bDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt c Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt dDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia eDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt f Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt gDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt hDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt i Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Background: Caffeic acid phenethyl ester is found in honey bee propolis. It has immunomodulatory,

antiinflammatory and anti-cancer properties. Rotenone is a pesticide commonly used for inducing

experimental Parkinson’s disease (PD) due to complex I inhibition and microglia activating

properties. The current study examined neuroprotective effect of caffeic acid against rotenone-

induced neurodegeneration in groups of seven mice. Methods: Mice received protective doses of

caffeic acid (2.5, 5 or 10 mg/kg) daily and nine injections of rotenone (1 mg kg, subcutaneously) -

every 48 h. Behavioral evaluation of motor function was done by a battery of tests including open-

field test, cylinder test, pole test and rotarod test; all these tests showed motor impairment. Results:

Assay of striatal dopamine highlighted a significant decrease and increases in inflammatory

markers. In addition, histopathological assessment of substantia nigra neurons demonstrated low

immunostaining for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in rotenone treated mice. PCR analysis highlighted

upregulation for genes encoding CD11b (a microglia surface antigen), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2),

inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nuclear factor-kB (NFkB). Treatment with caffeic acid (5 or

10 mg/kg) amended most of rotenone-induced motor deficits, lessened microglia expression and

inflammatory mediators and improved the nigral TH immunostaining. Conclusion: These results

confirmed the anti-inflammatory activity of caffeic acid and highlighted its neuroprotective activity

against rotenone-induced neurodegeneration in mice.

Pharmacological reports

2019

41-(1):32

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1016/j.pharep.2018.08.004



Pag 195


Carbamazepine Alleviates Retinal and Optic Nerve Neural Degeneration in

Diabetic Mice via Nerve Growth Factor-Induced PI3K/Akt/mtor Activation

Nehal M. Elsherbiny1,2

, Yousra Abdel-Mottaleb3*†

, Amany Y. Elkazaz4,5

, Hoda Atef6, Rehab M.

Lashine7, Amal M. Youssef

8,9, Wessam Ezzat

10, Sabah H. El-Ghaiesh

11,12, Rabie E.

Elshaer13

, Mohamed El-Shafey14,15

and Sawsan A. Zaitone16,17

1Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

2Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia

3Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and

Pharmaceutical Industries, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt 4Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

5Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Portsaid University, Port Said, Egypt

6Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

7Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

8Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia

9Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

10Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

11Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

12Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia

13Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

14Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

15Physiological Sciences Department, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

16Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

17Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabi

Abstract

Aim: Diabetic retinopathy causes loss of vision in adults at working-age. Few therapeutic options are available

for treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Carbamazepine (CARB), a widely used antiepileptic drug, was recently

accounted for its neuroprotective effect. Nerve growth factor (NGF) activates various cascades among which,

PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway has a vital action in NGF-mediated neuronal differentiation and survival. This study

evaluated the effect of CARB in the treatment of diabetic retina and unveiled some of the underlying molecular

mechanisms. Main Methods: Alloxan diabetes model was induced in 36 albino well-acclimatized mice. After

establishment of the diabetic model in 9 weeks, mice were assigned to treatment groups: (1) saline, (2) alloxan-

diabetic, (3 and 4) alloxan+CARB (25 or 50 mg per kg p.o) for 4 weeks. After completion of the therapeutic period,

mice were sacrificed and eyeballs were enucleated. Retinal levels of NGF and PI3K/Akt were assessed using real-

time polymerase chain reaction. Further, total and phosphorylated TrKA, PI3K, Akt, mTOR as well as Caspase-3

were measured by Western blot analysis. Key Findings: Histopathological examination demonstrated that CARB

attenuated vacuolization and restored normal thickness and organization of retinal cell layers. In addition, CARB

increased pTrKA/TrKA ratio and ameliorated diabetes-induced reduction of NGF mRNA and immunostaining in

retina. Additionally, it augmented the mRNA expression of PI3K and Akt, as well as the protein level of the

phosphorylated PI3/Akt/mTOR. Significance: Results highlighted, for the first time, the neuronal protective effect

for CARB in diabetic retina, which is mediated, at least in part, by activation of the NGF/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.

Frontiers in Neuroscience 2019 13: 1089

https://www.frontiersin.org/people/u/763938




Pag 196


Inhibitory effect of valproate sodium on pain behavior in diabetic mice involves suppression of spinal histone deacetylase 1 and inflammatory mediators

Nehal M. Elsherbinya,b, Eman Ahmedc, Ghada Abdel Kaderd, Yousra Abdel-mottalebe, Mohamed H. ElSayedf, Amal M. Youssefg,h, Sawsan A. Zaitonei,j,⁎

a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia b Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt c Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt d Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt e Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Industries, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt f Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt g Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Medinah, Saudi Arabia h Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt i Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia j Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Anti-epileptic medications are included in the international guidelines for managing neuropathic pain. Valproate sodium (VPS) was recently described as “the forgotten analgesic” and has been reported to relief pain in various models of neuropathic pain. Some studies reported anti-inflammatory and histone deacetylase 1 (HDA1) inhibitory properties for sodium valproate. The aim of the current study was to investigate the modulatory effect of VPS on pain behavior and inflammatory reactions in alloxan-induced diabetic neuropathy focusing on HDA1 inhibition and glia reactivity. 28 Male Swiss albino mice were allocated into four groups, (1) vehicle group, (2) alloxan-diabetic group, (3 & 4) alloxan+VPS (25 or 50 mg/kg) groups. VPS was given daily for 5 weeks by oral gavage. Pain behavior demonstrated increased allodynia (von-Frey filaments) and hyperalgesia (hot-plate test) in alloxan-diabetic mice that was reduced significantly by at least one of VPS doses. Sciatic nerves in diabetic mice showed increased histopathology score, increased silver staining for the nerves-indicating myelopathy- and a decrease in immunostaining for nerve growth factor. Spinal cord of diabetic mice showed greater histopathologic score, increased CD11b and glia fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunostaining than vehicle treated mice. Molecular investigations highlighted greater content of spinal histone deacetylases, tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α) and interlukin-1β (IL1β) that were favorably modified by VPS. Overall, the current data confirmed that the pain killing and anti-inflammatory activity of VPS is at least partly mediated through inhibition of spinal HDA1 and glia reactivity. These findings support the view of inviting antiepileptics for treating neuropathies.

International Immunopharmacology

2019

27–16(70)

Pag 197


Standardized tribulus terrestris extract protects against rotenoneinduced

oxidative damage and nigral dopamine neuronal loss in mice

S. Alzahrani1, w. Ezzat2, r.e. elshaer3, a.s. abd el-lateef4, h.m.f. mohammad5,6, a.y. elkazaz7,8, e. Toraih9,10, s.a. zaitone11,12

1Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; 2Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; 3Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; 4Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; 5Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; 6Central Laboratory, Center of Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Medicine (CEMCM), Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; 7Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; 8Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Port Daid University, Port Said, Egypt; 9Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; 10Molecular Laboratory, Center of Excellence of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; 11Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; 12Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Strong evidence proposes that brain oxidative DNA damage and microglia activation contribute to Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathogenesis. Traditional therapeutic regimens for PD can only relieve the symptoms. Tribulus terrestris (T. terrestris), a flowering plant from family Zygophyllaceae, is used in traditional medicine for treating different disorders and exerts neuroprotective and antioxidant effects in experimental models. The current study attempted to test whether treatment with T. terrestris standardized extract (TTE) can improve motor dysfunction and alleviate rotenone induced oxidative DNA damage and neurotoxicity in mice. Six groups of male Swiss albino mice were utilized. Group (1) was the vehicle (oil) group, group 2 was the rotenone control group (1 mg/kg/48 hours, subcutaneously) for 9 times, groups 3 and 4 were injected with rotenone and treated with TTE (5 or 10 mg per kg, by oral gavage) for 17 days, groups 5 and 6 served as TTE (5 or 10 mg per kg) per se groups. Motor function was measured by the pole and the open-field tests. Then, mouse brains were dissected, one hemisphere was employed for biochemical assays and the other one was used in histopathological studies. Results demonstrated that TTE ameliorated the motor dysfunctions induced by rotenone as well as markers of inflammation and DNA damage (8-OHdG and MTH1 expression). Indicators of oxidative stress and upregulation of the microglia marker (CD11b) were suppressed by the higher dose of TTE (10 mg per kg). Finally, the higher dose of TTE improved the Cresyl violet staining and tyrosine hydroxylase immunostaining in the substantia nigra. In summary, TTE ameliorated the locomotor dysfunction and dampened the DNA damage and oxidoinflammatory stress in rotenone-parkinsonian mice. These results suggest TTE as a potential candidate for neurodegenerative diseases.

Journal of physiology and pharmacology

2018 994-979(69)

Pag 198


Leflunomide-induced liver injury in mice: Involvement of TLR4 mediated

activation of PI3K/mTOR/NFκB pathway

Rabie E. Elshaera, Mona K. Tawfikb, Nermine Nosseirc, Sabah H. El-Ghaieshd,e,⁎,1,Eman

A. Toraihf,g, Nehal M. Elsherbinyh,i, Sawsan A. Zaitonej,k

a Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine (boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt b Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt c Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez University, Suez, Egypt d Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt e Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia f Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt g Molecular Lab, Center of Excellence of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt h Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt i Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia j Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt k Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Aims: Leflunomide is a disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) beneficial in refractory cases of rheumatoid arthritis. Since leflunomide approval, hepatotoxicity and instructions of liver function monitoring have been recommended. The current work aimed to explore the possible role of inflammation in leflunomideinduced hepatotoxicity with a focus on the TLR4-mediated stimulation of PI3K/mTOR/NFκB pathway.Main methods: Forty-eight male albino mice were allocated into four different groups (n; 12 mice/group). Group (i): normal mice, Group (ii–iv) mice received escalating dosed/s of leflunomide (2.5, 5 or 10 mg/kg, p.o.) every 48 h for eight weeks. At the end of the study, mice were sacrificed, and blood samples were collected for determination of liver enzymes. Liver samples were collected; (1) formalin-fixed for histologic examination, (2) frozen for PI3K and mTOR genes PCR assays. Key findings: Results indicated a significant elevation of liver enzymes in leflunomide-treated mice (10 mg/kg); AST and ALT activities were 218.17 •} 6.83 U/L and 99.83 •} 9.82 U/L versus 130.5 •} 12.79 U/L and 44.72 •} 3.58 U/L in the vehicle group. Additionally, histopathological examination revealed higher necro-inflammatory scores in leflunomide-treated mice. Immunohistochemistry indicated dose-dependent increased staining of TLR4 and caspase 3. Furthermore, leflunomide-treated mice (5 or 10 mg/kg) showed greater staining for NFκB compared to vehicle control. RT-PCR results revealed upregulations in genes expressing PI3K and mTOR by leflunomide. Significance: The current study highlights the possible role of TLR4-PI3K/mTOR/NFκB in the pathogenesis of leflunomide-induced hepatic injury. A better understanding of mechanisms of leflunomide-induced hepatotoxicity may be of translational implication for the predictive, preventive and therapeutic purposes.

Life Sciences

2019

116824(235)

Pag 199


Pregabalin affords retinal neuroprotection in diabetic rats: Suppression of

retinal glutamate, microglia cell expression and apoptotic cell death

Shimaa A. Alia, Sawsan A. Zaitoneb,c,∗ , Amina A. Dessoukid, Azaa A. Alie a Suez Canal Authority Hospital, Ismailia, Egypt b Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt c Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia d Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt e Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (girls), Al-Azhar University,

Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

Pregabalin is the first drug to receive FDA approval for treating diabetic neuropathic pain. This study

investigated the neuroprotective effect of pregabalin in an experimental model of diabetic

retinopathy and tested some possible mechanisms underlying the putative neuroprotective effect.

Male Wistar rats received streptozotocin (45 mg/kg) to induce type 1 diabetes mellitus. After two

weeks, a course of pregabalin (3, 10 and 30 mg/ kg) has been launched for five consecutive weeks.

Retinal expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was estimated by

real-time PCR and retinal glutamate content was also estimated. Further, retinal caspase-3

immunoblotting and DNA fragmentation assays determined the degree of apoptosis. Pregabalin

improved histopathological abnormalities in diabetic retinas and suppressed the diabetes-enhanced

retinal expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, CD11b (a surface marker for microglia) while attenuated

expression of caspase- 3 and DNA fragmentation versus the diabetic group. In addition, diabetic rats

treated with pregabalin displayed reductions in retinal glutamate, nitric oxide and malondialdehyde

(MDA) and enhanced reduced glutathione (GSH) content versus the diabetic controls. Furthermore,

pregabalin enhanced the histopathological picture and reduced fibrosis in the optic nerve of diabetic

rats in addition to suppression of the content of the glia fibrillary acidic protein. The findings provide

the first evidence demonstrating that pregabalin alleviates retinal neuroinflammation, apoptosis and

oxidative stress in an experimental type 1 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, pregabalin might serve as a

potential therapy for retinopathy after adequate clinical research.

Experimental Eye Research 2019

90–78(184)

Pag 200


Large-Scale Production of Bioactive Terrein by Aspergillus terreus Strain

S020 Isolated from the Saudi Coast of the Red Sea

Hani Z. Asfour 1, Zuhier A. Awan 2, Alaa A. Bagalagel 3, Mahmoud A. Elfaky 4 , Reda F. A. Abdelhameed 5 and Sameh S. Elhady 4,6,*

1 Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Princess Al-Jawhara Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] 2 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] 3 Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] 4 Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] 5 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; [email protected] 6 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt

Abstract

The diversity of symbiotic fungi derived from two marine sponges and sediment collected o_ Obhur, Jeddah (Saudi Arabia), was investigated in the current study. A total of 23 isolates were purified using a culture-dependent approach. Using the morphological properties combined with internal transcribed spacer-rDNA (ITS-rDNA) sequences, 23 fungal strains (in the majority Penicillium and Aspergillus) were identified from these samples. The biological screening (cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities) of small-scale cultures of these fungi yielded several target fungal strains which produced bioactive secondary metabolites. Amongst these isolates, the crude extract of Aspergillus terreus strain S020, which was cultured in fermentation static broth, 21 L, for 40 days at room temperature on potato dextrose broth, displayed strong antimicrobial activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus and significant antiproliferative e_ects on human carcinoma cells. Chromatographic separation of the crude extract by silica gel column chromatography indicated that the S020 isolate could produce a series of chemical compounds. Among these, pure crystalline terrein was separated with a high yield of 537.26 _ 23.42 g/kg extract, which represents the highest fermentation production of terrein to date. Its chemical structure was elucidated on the basis of high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HRESIMS) or high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), 1D, and 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses and by comparison with reported data. The compound showed strong cytotoxic activity against colorectal carcinoma cells (HCT-116) and hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2), with IC50 values of 12.13 and 22.53 _M, respectively. Our study highlights the potential of A. terreus strain S020 for the industrial production of bioactive terrein on a large scale and the importance of future investigations of these strains to identify the bioactive leads in these fungal extracts.

Biomolecules 2019

13 pages(9)

Pag 201


Toward a treatment of diabesity: Rational design, synthesis and biological evaluation of benzene-sulfonamide derivatives as a new class of PTP-1B inhibitors

Nagat Ghareba,b, Norhan M. El-Sayedc, Reda Abdelhameedd, Koji Yamadad,Mohamed

Saleh Elgawishe,⁎

a Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt b Chemistry Department, College of Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdul-Aziz University, Saudi Arabia c Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt d Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan e Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522,

Egypt

Abstract

Targeting of protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP1B) has emerged as a promising strategy for

therapeutic intervention of diabetes and obesity. Investigation of new inhibitors with good

bioavailability and high selectivity is the major challenge of drug discovery program targeting

PTP1B. Therefore, herein, new neutral benzenesulfonamide containing compounds were designed,

synthesized and biologically evaluated as potent PTP1B inhibitors. New series of thiazolidine,

oxazolidine, thiazinan, oxazinan, oxazole, thiazole, tetrazole, cyanopyridine, chromenone, and

iminochromene of benzene-sulfonamide derivatives (MSE-1 to MSE-15) were synthesized in a good

yield under mild condition using sulfadiazine as a starting material. Among the synthesized

compounds, MSE-13 and MSE-14 showed the most in vitro potent PTP-1B inhibitory activity (IC50 of

0.88 μM and 3.33 μM, respectively). Animal treatment by the target compounds significantly

improved the insulin resistance, diminished plasma glucose level, decreased initial body weight, and

normalized the serum lipid profile compared to pioglitazone, a standard PTP1B inhibitor. The

molecular modeling study showed a high affinity and selectivity of our synthesized compounds to

the active site and B-site of PTP1B holding hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic, and electrostatic

interactions. Furthermore, Electrostatic Surface Potential (ESP) and HOMO/ LUMO analysis indicated

the importance of sulfamoyl moiety for PTP1B binding. In silico ADME predictions of such

compounds also showed the promising pharmacokinetic and physicochemical properties. The

proposed compounds could be considered a lead inhibitory scaffold to PTP1B.

Bioorganic Chemistry 2019

338–322) 86(

Pag 202


A new iridoid glucoside from anisacanthus virgularis and its antiamoebic

activity

Mohamed S. Refaey,1* Reda A. Abdelhamid,2 Mohamed A. A. Orabi,2 Ahmed A. Ali,3

Reda Fouad Ahmed Abdelhameed,4 Eman A. A. Mousa,5 Shinjiro Hamano,6 and Koji

Yamada7

1 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menofia 32897,

Egypt, 2 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch,

Assiut 71524, Egypt, 3 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University,

Assiut 71526, Egypt, 4 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia 41522, Egypt, 5 Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of medicine, South Valley

University, Qena, Egypt, 6 Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki

University, Sakamoto,1-12-4, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan, 7 Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,

Nagasaki University, Bunkyomachi 1-14, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; E-mail:

[email protected]

Abstract

Phytochemical investigation of Anisacanthus virgularis aerial parts resulted in isolation

of a new iridoid glucoside named as 7-O-p-trans-coumaroyl caryoptoside (1) together

with two known iridoids, caryoptoside (2) and lamalbide (3). Their structures were

elucidated by spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D-NMR techniques. The isolated

compounds together with the MeOH and aqueous extracts of the plant were investigated

for their antiamoebic activity in vitro. The micro dilution technique was employed to

investigate antiamoebic activity against Entamoeba histolytica HM1-SS strain. The results

showed that the MeOH extract had good inhibition along 72 hours followed by the

aqueous extract at concentration of 15 mg/mL. The compounds 1-3 showed good

inhibition growth percent 72.2%, 50.1% and 52.6% after 24 hours of incubation at a

concentration of 4 μM, respectively compared to the standard antiamoebic

drug, Metronidazole.

Heterocycles 2019

1235 –1229 ) 98(

Pag 203


Production of a New Cyclic Depsipeptide by the Culture Broth of

Staphylococcus sp. Isolated from Corallina o_cinalis L.

Reda F. A. Abdelhameed 1 , Sameh S. Elhady 2,3 , Ahmad O. Noor 4, Diena M. Almasri 4,

Alaa A. Bagalagel 4, Galal T. Maatooq 5,6, Amgad I. M. Khedr 3 and Koji Yamada 7,*

1 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; [email protected] 2 Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] 3 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt; [email protected] 4 Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] (A.O.N.); [email protected] (D.M.A.); [email protected] (A.A.B.) 5 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamic University in Najaf, Najaf 54001, Iraq; [email protected] 6 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt 7 Garden for Medicinal Plants, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University; Bunkyo-machi 1-14, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan

Abstract

A new cyclic depsipeptide (1) has been isolated fromculture broth of Staphylococcus sp.

(No. P-100826-4-6) derived from Corallina officinalis L., together with the known

compounds indol-3-carboxylic acid (2), 1,5-dideoxy-3-C-methyl arabinitol (3), thymine (4),

uracil (5), cyclo (L-pro-L-omet) (6) and macrolactin B (7). The structure of (1) was

established to be cyclo (2_, 3-diaminopropoinc acid-L-Asn-3-_-hydroxy-5-methyl-

tetradecanoic acid-L-Leu1-L-Asp-L-Val-L-Leu2-L-Leu3) by extensive spectroscopic

techniques including 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 1H-1H COSY, HMBC, HSQC, NOESY, and

HRFABMS. The antimicrobial activities of compounds 1–7 were evaluated. Compounds 1–

5, and 7 showed moderate antimicrobial activity while compound 6 exhibited a potent

antimicrobial and antifungal activities.

Metabolites 2019

9 pages) 273(

Pag 204


Discovery of chitin in skeletons of non-verongiid Red Sea demosponges

Hermann Ehrlich1 *, Lamiaa A. Shaala2,3, Diaa T. A. Youssef4,5, Sonia Żo´łtowskaAksamitowska6 , Mikhail Tsurkan7 , Roberta Galli8 , Heike Meissner9 , Marcin Wysokowski6 , Iaroslav Petrenko1 , Konstantin R. Tabachnick10, Viatcheslav N. Ivanenko11, Nicole Bechmann12, Yvonne Joseph13,

Teofil Jesionowski6 1 Institute of Experimental Physics, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Freiberg, Germany, 2 Natural Products Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 3 Suez Canal University Hospital, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt, 4 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt, 5 Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 6 Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, Poland, 7 Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Dresden, Germany, 8 Clinical Sensoring and Monitoring, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universita¨t Dresden, Dresden, Germany, 9 Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universita¨t Dresden, Dresden, Germany, 10 P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of Academy of Sciences of Russia, Moscow, Russia, 11 Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 12 Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universita¨t Dresden, Dresden, Germany, 13 Institute of Electronics and Sensor Materials, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Freiberg, Germany.

Abstract

Marine demosponges (Porifera: Demospongiae) are recognized as first metazoans which have

developed over millions of years of evolution effective survival strategies based on unique

metabolic pathways to produce both biologically active secondary metabolites and biopolymer-

based stiff skeletons with 3D architecture. Up to date, among marine demosponges, only

representatives of the Verongiida order have been known to synthetize biologically active

substances as well as skeletons made of structural polysaccharide chitin. This work, to our

knowledge, demonstrates for the first time that chitin is an important structural component within

skeletons of non-verongiid demosponges Acarnus wolffgangi and Echinoclathria gibbosa collected

in the Red Sea. Calcofluor white staining, FTIR and Raman analysis, ESI-MS, SEM, and

fluorescence microscopy as well as a chitinase digestion assay were applied in order to confirm,

with strong evidence, the finding of α-chitin in the skeleton of both species. We suggest that, the

finding of chitin within these representatives of Poecilosclerida order is a promising step in the

evaluation of these sponges as novel renewable sources for both biologically active metabolites

and chitin, which are of prospective application for pharmacology and biomedicine.

Plose One 2018

(5) 13

Pag 205


New Source of 3D Chitin Scaffolds: The Red Sea Demosponge Pseudoceratina

arabica (Pseudoceratinidae, Verongiida)

Lamiaa A. Shaala 1,2,*, Hani Z. Asfour 3 , Diaa T. A. Youssef 4,5 , Sonia Z˙ ółtowska-Aksamitowska 6,7, Marcin

Wysokowski 6,7, Mikhail Tsurkan 8 , Roberta Galli 9 , Heike Meissner 10, Iaroslav Petrenko 7 , Konstantin

Tabachnick 11 , Viatcheslav N. Ivanenko 12 , Nicole Bechmann 13 , Lyubov V. Muzychka 14, Oleg B. Smolii 14 ,

Rajko Martinovi´c 15, Yvonne Joseph 7 , Teofil Jesionowski 6 and Hermann Ehrlich 7,*

1 Natural Products Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia 2 Suez Canal University Hospital, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt 3 Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Princess Al-Jawhara Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] 4 Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] 5 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt 6 Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan 60965, Poland; [email protected] (S.Z.-A.); ˙ [email protected] (M.W.); [email protected] (T.J.) 7 Institute of Electronics and Sensor Materials, Technische Universität Bergakademie-Freiberg, Freiberg 09599, Germany; [email protected] (I.P.); [email protected] (Y.J.) 8 Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany; [email protected] 9 Clinical Sensoring and Monitoring, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01307, Germany; [email protected] 10 Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01307, Germany; [email protected] 11 P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; [email protected] 12 Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia; [email protected] 13 Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01307, Germany; [email protected] 14 V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kiev 02094, Ukraine; [email protected] (L.V.M.); [email protected] (O.B.S.) 15 Institute of Marine Biology, University of Montenegro, Kotor 85330, Montenegro; [email protected]

Abstract

The bioactive bromotyrosine-derived alkaloids and unique morphologically-defined fibrous skeleton of chitin origin have been found recently in marine demosponges of the order Verongiida. The sophisticated three-dimensional (3D) structure of skeletal chitinous scaffolds supported their use in biomedicine, tissue engineering as well as in diverse modern technologies. The goal of this study was the screening of new species of the order Verongiida to find another renewable source of naturally prefabricated 3D chitinous scaffolds. Special attention was paid to demosponge species, which could be farmed on large scale using marine aquaculture methods. In this study, the demosponge Pseudoceratina arabica collected in the coastal waters of the Egyptian Red Sea was examined as a potential source of chitin for the first time. Various bioanalytical tools including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fluorescence microscopy, FTIR analysis, Calcofluor white staining, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), as well as a chitinase digestion assay were successfully used to confirm the discovery of α-chitin within the skeleton of P. arabica. The current finding should make an important contribution to the field of application of this verongiid sponge as a novel renewable source of biologically-active metabolites and chitin, which are important for development of the blue biotechnology especially in marine oriented biomedicine.

Marine Drugs 2018

(2), 9217

https://www.researchgate.net/journal/1660-3397_Marine_Drugs

Pag 206


Cytotoxic Psammaplysin Analogues from the Verongid Red Sea

Sponge Aplysinella Species

Lamiaa A Shaala 1 2 3

, Diaa T A Youssef 4 5

1Natural Products Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University,

Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. 2Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King

Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. 3Suez Canal University Hospital, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.

4Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah

21589, Saudi Arabia. 5Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia

41522, Egypt.

Abstract

As part of our ongoing interest to identify bioactive chemical entities from marine

invertebrates, the Red Sea specimen of the Verongid sponge Aplysinella species was

studied. Repeated chromatographic fractionation of the methanolic extract of the sponge

and HPLC purification of the cytotoxic fractions led to the isolation and the identification

of two new compounds, psammaplysin Z and 19-hydroxypsammaplysin Z (1 and 2),

together with the previously reported psammaplysins A (3) and E (4). The structural

determination of 1-4 was supported by interpretation of their NMR and high-resolution

mass spectra. Psammaplysins A and E displayed cytotoxic activity against MBA-MB-231

and HeLa cell lines with IC50 values down to 0.29 µM. On the other hand, psammaplysin Z

and 19-hydroxypsammaplysin Z were moderately cytotoxic, indicating the importance of

the terminal amine and 2-(methylene)cyclopent-4-ene-1,3-dione moieties in 3 and 4 for

potent cytotoxic activity.

Biomolecules

2019

(12): 841

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Shaala+LA&cauthor_id=31817954




https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Youssef+DTA&cauthor_id=31817954



https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31817954

Pag 207


First Report on Chitin in a Non-Verongiid Marine Demosponge: The Mycale

euplectellioides Case

Sonia Z˙ ółtowska-Aksamitowska 1,2, Lamiaa A. Shaala 3,4 ID , Diaa T. A. Youssef 5,6 ID , Sameh S.

Elhady 5 ID , Mikhail V. Tsurkan 7 ID , Iaroslav Petrenko 2 , Marcin Wysokowski 1 , Konstantin

Tabachnick 8 , Heike Meissner 9 , Viatcheslav N. Ivanenko 10 ID , Nicole Bechmann 11 ID , Yvonne

Joseph 12 ID , Teofil Jesionowski 1 and Hermann Ehrlich 2,*

1 Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 61131 Poznan, Poland; [email protected] (S.Z.-A.); ˙ [email protected] (M.W.); [email protected] (T.J.) 2 Institute of Experimental Physics, TU Bergakademie-Freiberg, Leipziger str. 23, 09559 Freiberg, Germany; [email protected] 3 Natural Products Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] 4 Suez Canal University Hospital, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt 5 Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] (D.T.A.Y.); [email protected] (S.S.E.) 6 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt 7 Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany; [email protected] 8 P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of Academy of Sciences of Russia, 117997 Moscow, Russia; [email protected] 9 Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany; [email protected] 10 Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia; [email protected] 11 Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; [email protected] 12 Institute of Electronics and Sensor Materials, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany; [email protected]

Abstract

Sponges (Porifera) are recognized as aquatic multicellular organisms which developed an effective biochemical pathway over millions of years of evolution to produce both biologically active secondary metabolites and biopolymer-based skeletal structures. Among marine demosponges, only representatives of the Verongiida order are known to synthetize biologically active substances as well as skeletons made of structural polysaccharide chitin. The unique three-dimensional (3D) architecture of such chitinous skeletons opens the widow for their recent applications as adsorbents, as well as scaffolds for tissue engineering and biomimetics. This study has the ambitious goal of monitoring other orders beyond Verongiida demosponges and finding alternative sources of naturally prestructured chitinous scaffolds; especially in those demosponge species which can be cultivated at large scales using marine farming conditions. Special attention has been paid to the demosponge Mycale euplectellioides (Heteroscleromorpha: Poecilosclerida: Mycalidae) collected in the Red Sea. For the first time, we present here a detailed study of the isolation of chitin from the skeleton of this sponge, as well as its identification using diverse bioanalytical tools. Calcofluor white staining, Fourier-transform Infrared Spcetcroscopy (FTIR), electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and fluorescence microscopy, as well as a chitinase digestion assay were applied in order to confirm with strong evidence the finding of a-chitin in the skeleton of M. euplectellioides. We suggest that the discovery of chitin within representatives of the Mycale genus is a promising step in their evaluation of these globally distributed sponges as new renewable sources for both biologically active metabolites and chitin, which are of prospective use for pharmacology and biomaterials oriented biomedicine, respectively.

Marine Drugs 2019

(2), 68

mailto:[email protected]


Pag 208


The demosponge Pseudoceratina purpurea as a new source of fibrous

chitin

Sonia Żółtowska- Aksamitowska a , Mikhail V. Tsurkan b , Swee–Cheng Lim c , Heike

Meissner d , Konstantin Tabachnick e , Lamiaa A. Shaala f,g , Diaa T.A. Youssef h,i ,

Viatcheslav N. Ivanenko j , Iaroslav Petrenko k , Marcin Wysokowski a , Nicole Bechmann

l , Yvonne Joseph m, Teofil Jesionowski a , Hermann Ehrlich k, ⁎

a Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 61131 Poznan, Poland b Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohestraße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany c National University of Singapore, Tropical Marine Science Institute, 18 Kent Ridge Road, S2S, 119227, Singapore d Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany e P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of Academy of Sciences of Russia Moscow, Russia f Natural Products Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia g Suez Canal University Hospital, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt h Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia i Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt j Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia k Institute of Experimental Physics, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger str. 23, 09559 Freiberg, Germany l Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany m Institute of Electronics and Sensor Materials, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Gustav-Zeuner-Str. 3, 09599 Freiberg, Germany

Abstract

Among marine demosponges (Porifera: Demospongiae), only representatives of the order Verongiida have been recognized to synthetize both biologically active substances as well as scaffolds-like fibrous skeletons made of structural aminopolysaccharide chitin. The unique 3D architecture of such scaffolds open perspectives for their applications in waste treatment, biomimetics and tissue engineering. Here, we focus special attention to the demosponge Pseudoceratina purpurea collected in the coastal waters of Singapore. For the first time the detailed description of the isolation of chitin from the skeleton of this sponge and its identification using diverse bioanalytical tools were carried out. Calcofluor white staining, FTIR analysis, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), SEM, and fluorescence microscopy as well as a chitinase digestion assay were applied in order to confirm with strong evidence the finding of alpha-chitin in the skeleton of P. purpurea. We suggest that the discovery of chitin within representatives of Pseudoceratinidae family is a perspective step in evaluation of these verongiid sponges as novel renewable sources for both chitin and biologically active metabolites, which are of prospective use for marine oriented biomedicine and pharmacology, respectively.

International journal of biological macromolecules 2018

1028–1021), 112(

Pag 209


Bioactive Diketopiperazines and Nucleoside Derivatives from a Sponge-

Derived Streptomyces Species

Lamiaa A Shaala 1 2 3

, Diaa T A Youssef 4, Jihan M Badr

5 6, Steve M Harakeh

7, Grégory

Genta-Jouve 8 9

1Natural Products Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah

21589, Saudi Arabia. [email protected]. 2Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz

University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. [email protected]. 3Suez Canal University Hospital, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt. [email protected].

4Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589,

Saudi Arabia. [email protected]. 5Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589,

Saudi Arabia. [email protected]. 6Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.

[email protected]. 7Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University,

Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. [email protected]. 8UMR 8038 CiTCoM, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Avenue de

l'observatoire, 75006 Paris, France. [email protected]. 9Molecules of Communication and Adaptation of Microorganisms (UMR 7245), National Museum of

Natural History, CNRS, 75231 Paris, France. [email protected].

Abstract

Fractionation and purification of the ethyl acetate extract of the culture of a sponge-derived actinomycete, Streptomyces species Call-36, resulted in the isolation and identification of a new diketopiperazine, actinozine A (1), cyclo(2-OH-d-Pro-l-Leu) (2), two new nucleosides, thymidine-3-mercaptocarbamic acid (3) and thymidine-3-thioamine (4), together with cyclo(d-Pro-l-Phe) (5) and cyclo(l-Pro-l-Phe) (6). The structure assignments of the compounds were carried out by interpretation of 1D and 2D NMR data and mass spectral determinations. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by Marfey's method and by comparison of the experimental and TDDFT-calculated ECD spectra. Actinozine A possesses an unprecedented hydroperoxy moiety at C-2 of the proline moiety, while 3 and 4 possess unusual mercaptocarbamic acid and thiohydroxylamine functionalities at N-3 of the thymine moiety. The isolated compounds displayed variable cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities.

Marine Drugs

2019

(10):584

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Shaala+LA&cauthor_id=31623138




https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Youssef+DTA&cauthor_id=31623138


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Badr+JM&cauthor_id=31623138



https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Harakeh+SM&cauthor_id=31623138


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Genta-Jouve+G&cauthor_id=31623138

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Genta-Jouve+G&cauthor_id=31623138




Pag 210


A Developed High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatographic Method for

the Determination of Orlistat in Pharmaceutical Preparations

Shrouk Adel Fathy, Amany K. Ibrahim, Enas E. Eltamany, and Jihan M. Badr*

S.A. Fathy, Health Insurance Authority, Ismailia, Egypt; and A.K. Ibrahim, E.E. Eltamany,

and J.M. Badr, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal


Abstract

A sensitive and simple high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method is

developed and validated according to the International Conference on Harmonisation

(ICH) guidelines. The procedure was applied for the estimation of orlistat in different

pharmaceutical preparations. In the proposed method, thin-layer chromatography

aluminum sheets pre-coated with silica gel were employed as the stationary phase. A

number of solvent mixtures were used as the mobile phase for trials to obtain compact

bands of orlistat. The solvent mixture consisting of chloroform and methanol (98:2) was

found to be the best. The data obtained from the calibration curves of standard orlistat

showed a good linear relationship over the concentration range of 1000–3800 ng per band

with respect to the area. Scanning was performed at λ = 200 nm, where the correlation

coefficient (R2 ) was 0.970, and the linear regression equation was found to be: y =

4.1419x − 4181.1. After revealing of the spots by anisaldehyde–conc. sulfuric acid,

compact violet bands were obtained and, accordingly, scanning was performed at λ = 600

nm, where a good linear relationship over the concentration range of 600–4000 ng per

band with respect to the area was obtained. The correlation coefficient (R2 ) was 0.991

with a linear regression equation: y = 4.025x − 1159.3. The method was evaluated

regarding accuracy, precision, limits of detection and quantification, and robustness.

Revealing of the spots by anisaldehyde–conc. sulfuric acid improved the sensitivity of

the method and increased the range within which a linear relationship between

concentration and response occurs.

JPC - Journal of Planar Chromatography - Modern TLC

2019

334–329 ):32(

Pag 211


Anxiolytic and anticonvulsant activity followed by molecular docking

study of ceramides from the Red Sea sponge Negombata sp

Nermeen A. Eltahawy1 ● Amany K. Ibrahim1 ● Mohamed S. Gomaa2 ● Sawsan A. Zaitone3,4 ● Mohamed M. Radwan5,6 ● Hashim A. Hassanean1 ● Mahmoud A. ElSohly2 ●

Safwat A. Ahmed1

1 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 2 Chemistry Department, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia 3 Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 4 Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia 5 National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, MS 38677, USA 6 Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacognosy Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

Abstract

The chemical investigation of the Red Sea sponge Negombata sp. led to isolation and structure

elucidation of five new ceramides N ((2S,3R,4E,8E)-1,3-dihydroxyhexacosa-4,8-dien-2-

yl)pentadecanamide (1), N-((2S,3R,E)-1,3-dihydroxynonadec-4-en-2-yl)stearamide (2), N-[(2S,3R,E)-

1,3 dihydroxyhexacos-4-en-2-yl]palmitamide (3), N-((2S,3R)-1,3-dihydroxydodecan-2-

yl)tetradecanamide (4), N-[(2S,3S,4R)-1,3,4- trihydroxypentadecan-2-yl] palmitamide (5). Structure

elucidation was achieved using spectroscopic techniques, including 1D and 2D NMR and HRMS.

The isolated ceramides were tested for anti-anxiety action in the elevated plus maze and the light-

dark transition box. Mice given diazepam or compounds number 1, 2, 3, and 5 spent longer time in

the light area of the light-dark box. However, compound 4 did not produce a similar effect. Similarly,

testing anti-anxiety action in the elevated plus maze test showed that the compounds number 2, 3,

and 5 or diazepam were able to prolong the open arm time %. Meanwhile, compounds 1 and 4 failed

to produce a similar response. In addition, the anticonvulsant action of the ceramides was

assessed employing pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures, where some ceramides prolonged the

time to death due to pentylenetetrazole in vivo. In silico testing of the isolated ceramides displayed

reasonable GABA receptor modulator binding at the benzodiazepines site. Ceramide 1 showed

slightly stronger interaction with the GABA receptor over other ceramides which is compatible with

the results of their anxiolytic activity.

Medicinal Chemistry Research

2019

1827–1818 ):28(

Pag 212


Isolates From Thymelaea Hirsuta Inhibit Progression Of Hepatocellular

Carcinoma In Vitro And In Vivo

Ahmed Badawya, Hashim Hassanean

b, Amany K. Ibrahim

b, Eman S. Habib

b, Mohammed

A. El-Magdc, and Safwat A. Ahmed

b

a Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, El-Arish, Egypt;

b Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia,

Egypt; c Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt

Abstract

Herein, we investigated effect of Thymelaea hirsuta isolates on hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methanolic extract of T. hirsuta led to isolation of two new compounds [6`

hydroxyDaphnoretin (9) and Mithnin (15)], seven compounds reported for the first time

from genus Thymelaea [Dotriacontanol (1), and 3-ketopentatriacontanoic (2),

Docosylcoumarate (5), Docosylcaffeate (6), Daphnodorin B (11), 3`` -epi-

dihydrodaphnodorin B (12) and Wikstaiwanone B (14)], and six known compounds. Eight

compounds (5, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, and 15) showed significant anti-proliferative activity on

HepG2 cells. These compounds caused significant reduction (p < 0.05) in serum levels of

AST, ALT, ALP, total bilirubin, GGT, and AFP, a significant increase

in Bax and p53 expression, and a significant decrease in Bcl2 gene in liver as compared

to the HCC group. These results indicate that T. hirsuta isolates inhibited HCC

progression, possibly through induction of apoptosis and therefore they could be used

as a beneficial source for treating HCC.

Natural product research

2019

8-1

Pag 213


Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel cYY analogues targeting

Mycobacterium tuberculosis CYP121A1

Safaa M Kishk 1, Kirsty J McLean

2, Sakshi Sood

3, Mohamed A Helal

4, Mohamed S

Gomaa 5, Ismail Salama

6, Samia M Mostafa

6, Luiz Pedro S de Carvalho

3, Andrew W

Munro 2, Claire Simons

7

1School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff

CF10 3NB, UK; Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt. 2Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131

Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK. 3Mycobacterial Metabolism and Antibiotic Research Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1

Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK. 4Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt;

Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza 12588, Egypt. 5Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt;

Department of Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. 6Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.

7School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff

CF10 3NB, UK. Electronic address: [email protected].

Abstract

The rise in multidrug resistant (MDR) cases of tuberculosis (TB) has led to the need for

the development of TB drugs with different mechanisms of action. The genome sequence

of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) revealed twenty different genes coding for

cytochrome P450s. CYP121A1 catalyzes a CC crosslinking reaction of dicyclotyrosine

(cYY) producing mycocyclosin and current research suggests that either mycocyclosin is

essential or the overproduction of cYY is toxic to Mtb. A series of 1,4-dibenzyl-2-imidazol-

1-yl-methylpiperazine derivatives were designed and synthesised as cYY mimics. The

derivatives substituted in the 4-position of the phenyl rings with halides or alkyl group

showed promising antimycobacterial activity (MIC 6.25 μg/mL), with the more lipophilic

branched alkyl derivatives displaying optimal binding affinity with CYP121A1 (iPr KD = 1.6

μM; tBu KD = 1.2 μM). Computational studies revealed two possible binding modes within

the CYP121A1 active site both of which would effectively block cYY from binding.

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry

2019

1561-(8):1546

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Kishk+SM&cauthor_id=30837169


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=McLean+KJ&cauthor_id=30837169


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Sood+S&cauthor_id=30837169


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Helal+MA&cauthor_id=30837169


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Gomaa+MS&cauthor_id=30837169

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Gomaa+MS&cauthor_id=30837169


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Salama+I&cauthor_id=30837169


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Mostafa+SM&cauthor_id=30837169


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=de+Carvalho+LPS&cauthor_id=30837169


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Munro+AW&cauthor_id=30837169

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Munro+AW&cauthor_id=30837169


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Simons+C&cauthor_id=30837169


Pag 214


New bromoindole alkaloid isolated from the marine sponge hyrtios erectus

Alaa A. Bagalagel,1 Hanin A. Bogari,1 Safwat A. Ahmed,2 Reem M. Diri,1 and Sameh S.

Elhady3*

1 Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University,

Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. 2 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez

Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt. 3 Department of Natural Products and Alternative

Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.

Email: [email protected]

Abstract

5’-[(6-Bromo-1H-indol-3-yl)methyl]-3’-methylimidazolidine-2’,4’- dione (1), a new

bromoindole alkaloid was derived from the marine sponge Hyrtios erectus (order

Dictyoceratida) collected in the Red Sea. Additionally, two known indole alkaloids (2–3)

were also isolated. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated on

the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis as well as comparison with published data.

Compound 1 showed weak antiproliferative activity against colorectal carcinoma (HCT-

116), breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF-7) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2).

Additionally, at concentration of 3 mg/mL, compound 1 displayed moderate antibacterial

activity against S. aureus and E. coli.

Heterocycles

2019

756 -749 ):96(

Pag 215


Analysis of Terpenes in Cannabis sativa L. Using GC/MS: Method

Development, Validation, and Application

Elsayed A Ibrahim 1 2

, Mei Wang 1, Mohamed M Radwan

1 3, Amira S Wanas

1 4, Chandrani G

Majumdar 1, Baharthi Avula

1, Yan-Hong Wang

1, Ikhlas A Khan

1 5, Suman

Chandra 1, Hemant Lata

1, Ghada M Hadad

2, Randa A Abdel Salam

2, Amany K

Ibrahim 6, Safwat A Ahmed

6, Mahmoud A ElSohly

1 7

1National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA.

2Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, Egypt. 3Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.

4Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.

5Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University,

MS, USA. 6Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.

7Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi,

University, MS, USA.

Abstract

Terpenes are the major components of the essential oils present in various Cannabis sativa L. varieties. These compounds are responsible for the distinctive aromas and flavors. Besides the quantification of the cannabinoids, determination of the terpenes in C. sativa strains could be of importance for the plant selection process. At the University of Mississippi, a GC-MS method has been developed and validated for the quantification of terpenes in cannabis plant material, viz., α-pinene, β-pinene, β-myrcene, limonene, terpinolene, linalool, α-terpineol, β-caryophyllene, α-humulene, and caryophyllene oxide. The method was optimized and fully validated according to AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists) guidelines against reference standards of selected terpenes. Samples were prepared by extraction of the plant material with ethyl acetate containing n-tridecane solution (100 µg/mL) as the internal standard. The concentration-response relationship for all analyzed terpenes using the developed method was linear with r2 values > 0.99. The average recoveries for all terpenes in spiked indoor cultivated samples were between 95.0 - 105.7%, with the exception of terpinolene (67 - 70%). The measured repeatability and intermediate precisions (% relative standard deviation) in all varieties ranged from 0.32 to 8.47%. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation for all targeted terpenes were determined to be 0.25 and 0.75 µg/mL, respectively. The proposed method is highly selective, reliable, and accurate and has been applied to the simultaneous determination of these major terpenes in the C. sativa biomass produced by our facility at the University of Mississippi as well as in confiscated marijuana samples.

Planta medica

2019

438-431 ):85(

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Ibrahim+EA&cauthor_id=30646402



https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Wang+M&cauthor_id=30646402


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Radwan+MM&cauthor_id=30646402



https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Wanas+AS&cauthor_id=30646402



https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Majumdar+CG&cauthor_id=30646402

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Majumdar+CG&cauthor_id=30646402


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Avula+B&cauthor_id=30646402


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Wang+YH&cauthor_id=30646402


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Khan+IA&cauthor_id=30646402



https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Chandra+S&cauthor_id=30646402

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Chandra+S&cauthor_id=30646402


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Lata+H&cauthor_id=30646402


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Hadad+GM&cauthor_id=30646402


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Abdel+Salam+RA&cauthor_id=30646402


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Ibrahim+AK&cauthor_id=30646402

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Ibrahim+AK&cauthor_id=30646402




https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=ElSohly+MA&cauthor_id=30646402



Pag 216


Facile synthesis of novel nanocomposite prepared from spinel copper

ferrite and reduced graphene oxide in the presence of anti-fouling agent

diethyl ammonium acid sulphate for ultrasensitive detection of rosuvastatin

in human plasma

Mohamed M.El-WekilaKhaled K.Abdelhady

bRanda A.Abdel Salam

cGhada

M.HadadcRamadanAli

b

aDepartment of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut

University, Assiut, Egypt bDepartment of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar

University, Assuit, Egypt cDepartment of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal


Abstract

An innovative nanocomposite for the analysis of rosuvastatin (ROS) was constructed.

The as synthesized nanocomposite composed of spinel copper ferrite nanoparticles (p-

CuFeO2 NPs) supported on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanosheets in diethyl

ammonium acid sulphate (DEAAS) as ionic liquid and anti-fouling agent. The prepared

nanohybrid not only improves the interfacial electron transfer, but also readily exposed

good catalytic effect toward ROS oxidation. The prepared sensor shows good oxidation

behavior toward ROS oxidation in the range of 0.2–22.0 nM and the obtained LOD was

0.077 nM. To ensure good performance; the proposed sensor was used to determine ROS

in different matrices and in human plasma. This study provides an efficient route to

synthesize suitable nanohybrids for fabrication of potential sensors. Moreover, it opens

new avenues in the manufacturing of ternary nanocomposite with excellent

electrocatalytic effects.

Microchemical Journal

2019

(147): 1133-1140

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0026265X18316345#!





https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/rosuvastatin

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/nanoparticle

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/graphene-oxide

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/nanosheet

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/ionic-liquid

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/antifouling-agent

Pag 217


Applications of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic method for

simultaneous quantitation of some hypoglycemic drugs in their binary

mixtures

Mohamed M.El-Wekila

Khaled K.Abdelhadyb

Randa A.Abdel Salamc

Ghada M.Hadadc

aDepartment of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut

University, Assiut, Egypt bDepartment of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-azhar

University, Assuit, Egypt cDepartment of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal


Abstract

Cost-effective, green, simple and reliable transmission Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR)

spectroscopic method was developed for simultaneous analysis of hypoglycemic

drugs in their binary mixtures for the first time. The FTIR method was applied for the

determination of vildagliptin (VILD), glimepiride (GLIM) and pioglitazone (PIOG) in binary

mixture with metformin (METF). The method was validated according to the International

Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The obtained results (expressed in peak

areas) are linear with concentration in the range of 0.61–20, 0.26–24 and 0.37–4 μg/mg for

VILD, PIOG and GLIM, respectively while the linearity ranges for METF were 0.40–200,

0.26–800 and 0.19–1000 μg/mg with VILD, PIOG and GLIM, respectively. The limits of

detection (LODs) were 0.20, 0.08 and 0.12 μg/mg for VILD, PIOG and GLIM, respectively

while METF LODs were 0.13, 0.08 and 0.06 μg/mg with VILD, PIOG and GLIM, respectively.

The FTIR method has been successfully applied for the determination of the cited binary

mixtures in its pharmaceutical tablets and the obtained results showed satisfactory %

recovery.

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy

2019

(213): 249-253





https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/antidiabetic-agent

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/antidiabetic-agent

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/vildagliptin

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/glimepiride

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/pioglitazone

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/metformin



Pag 218


Direct nano-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry for the

quantification and identification of metronidazole in its dosage form and

human urine

Sara Amer1,2, Walaa Zarad1 , Heba El-Gendy1 , Randa Abdel-Salam3 , Ghada Hadad3 ,

Tsutomu Masujima2,† and Samy Emara1

1 Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Km 28 Ismailia Road, Cairo 11865, Egypt 2 Quantitative Biology Center (QBiC), RIKEN, 6-2-3 Furuedai, Suita, Osaka 565-0874, Japan 3 Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Suez Canal, Ismailia 41522, Egypt

Abstract

A rapid, sensitive and direct nano-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry

(NS-ESI-MS/MS) method, using an offline nanospray (NS) capillary, has been developed

and validated for the analysis of metronidazole (MTZ). A mixture of 2 µl MTZ sample

solution prepared in an ionization solvent consisting of methanol : water : formic acid in a

ratio of 80 : 20 : 0.3, together with 2 µl of an internal standard (IS), 1,3,6-polytyrosine, is

loaded into the back of the NS capillary. The NS capillary was fitted into the ion source at

a distance of 3 mm between the NS tip and MS orifice. The sample is then analysed and

acquired a sustainable signal that allowed for data compilation across various data

points for MTZ identification and quantification. The quantification relied on the ratio of

the [M + H]+ peaks of MTZ and IS with m/z values of 172.0717 and 182.0812, respectively,

while the identification relied on the MS/MS of the precursor ions [M + H]+ of both

compounds and their fragments at 128.05 for MTZ and 165.1 and 136.07 for the IS. The

NS-ESI-MS/MS method was accurate and precise for the quantification of MTZ over the

concentration range from 2.5 to 25 000 ng ml-1. The applicability of the method was

confirmed by MTZ analysis in its pharmaceutical dosage form and detection of the

analyte in clinical human urine samples without any sample treatment procedure.

Royal society open science

2019

Pag 219


Studying the fate of the drug Chlorprothixene and its photo transformation

products in the aquatic environment: Identification, assessment and

priority setting by application of a combination of experiments and various

in silico assessments

Nareman D H Khaleel 1, Waleed M M Mahmoud

1, Oliver Olsson

2, Klaus Kümmerer

3

1Sustainable Chemistry and Material Resources, Institute of Sustainable and Environmental Chemistry, Leuphana

University of Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1 C13, DE-21335, Lüneburg, Germany; Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt. 2Sustainable Chemistry and Material Resources, Institute of Sustainable and Environmental Chemistry, Leuphana

University of Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1 C13, DE-21335, Lüneburg, Germany. 3Sustainable Chemistry and Material Resources, Institute of Sustainable and Environmental Chemistry, Leuphana

University of Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1 C13, DE-21335, Lüneburg, Germany. Electronic address: [email protected].

Abstract

Chlorprothixene (CPTX) is an antipsychotic drug of the thioxanthene class. Although it is widely used as a tranquillizer in psychiatry, anesthesiology, pediatrics, and in general medical practice, there is a gap in knowledge regarding its occurrence and fate in the environment. Therefore, we provide for the first-time data on the environmental fate and ecotoxicity of CPTX and its potential photo-transformations products (PTPs). Firstly, two standardized biodegradation tests (Closed Bottle test (CBT) and Manometric Respiratory test (MRT)) were performed to assess CPTX's environmental biodegradability. Then, its photodegradability was studied using Xenon and UV lamps. Effects of different conditions (initial drug concentration, pH, and temperature) were applied during UV-photodegradation. Subsequently, the time courses of CPTX and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations were monitored throughout the photodegradation tests. After that, high-resolution mass spectrometry was employed to elucidate the structures of the formed photo-transformation products (PTPs). In addition, biodegradation tests were performed for the photolytic mixtures to assess the biodegradability of the PTPs. Finally, the (eco)toxicity assessment for CPTX and its photolytic mixtures was predicted using different (quantitative) structure-activity relationship ((Q)SAR) software. CPTX was found to be not readily biodegradable in CBT and MRT. CPTX was not eliminated by irradiation with the Xenon lamp, however primarily eliminated using the UV-lamp. The CPTX elimination during UV-irradiation was faster at lower concentrations. CPTX UV-photodegradation was affected by pH value, while not affected by the temperature of the irradiated solution. 13 PTPs were detected in UV-photolysis mixtures. One additional product was detected in CPTX standard solution, and it was degraded simultaneously with CPTX during UV-irradiation. On one hand, Biodegradation assays revealed that UV-photolytic mixtures of CPTX, containing its PTPs, were not better biodegradable than CPTX itself. On the other hand, LC-MS analysis showed some PTPs which were eliminated after the biodegradation tests indicating possible biodegradability of these PTPs. This because those PTPs are present in low concentrations in the photolysis mixture and their effect can be hindered by the effect of CPTX and other non-biodegradable PTPs. QSAR analysis revealed that CPTX and some of its PTPs may have some human and/or eco-toxic properties. In conclusion, the release of CPTX into aquatic environments could be harmful. Therefore, further research focusing on CPTX and its PTPs are strongly recommended.

Water Research

2019

476-467 (149)

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Khaleel+NDH&cauthor_id=30472549


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Mahmoud+WMM&cauthor_id=30472549


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Olsson+O&cauthor_id=30472549


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=K%C3%BCmmerer+K&cauthor_id=30472549


Pag 220


Stability-Indicating High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatographic

Determination of Ondansetron in PureForm and Pharmaceutical

Formulations

Roshdy E. Saraya*, Randa A. Abdel Salam, and Ghada M. Hadad

R.E. Saraya, Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy,

Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt; and R.A. Abdel Salam and G.M. Hadad, Department

of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, Egypt.

Abstract

A new, simple, precise, accurate, stability-indicating, and rapid high-performance thin-

layer chromatography (HPTLC) method was developed and validated for the

determination of ondansetron hydrochloride in pure form and pharmaceutical

formulations. The method used Merck HPTLC aluminum plates precoated with silica gel

60 F254 as the stationary phase. The mobile phase consisted of

chloroform‒methanol‒ethyl acetate (7:2:1, v/v). This system was found to give a compact

spot of ondansetron (RF value of 0.67 ± 0.011); ondansetron was subjected to acid and

alkali hydrolysis, oxidation, and photodegradation. The wavelength of TLC scanner was

set at 302 nm for both detection and quantitation. The calibration curves were linear over

the range of 25–500 ng spot−1. The limit of detection was 4.9 ng spot−1, and the limit of

quantitation was 14.7 ng spot−1. The proposed analytical method was validated

according to the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines, and the

results were acceptable. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the

determination of the studied drug in its pharmaceutical preparations and it gave excellent

% of recovery. The results showed excellent agreement with the reported method with

respect to precision and accuracy.

Journal of Planar Chromatography

2018

128–122 (31)

Pag 221


Tolerance intervals modeling for design space of a salt assisted liquid-

liquid microextraction of trimethoprim and six common sulfonamide

antibiotics in environmental water samples

Hatem I Mokhtar 1, Randa A Abdel-Salam

2, Ghada M Hadad

3

1Methodology and Stability Department, R&D, Medical Union Pharmaceuticals Co., Abu

Sultan, Ismailia, 41617, Egypt. 2Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal

University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt. 3Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal

University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt. Electronic address: [email protected].

Abstract

Sulfonamides and trimethoprim combinations have been used extensively as

antimicrobial agents for prevention and treatment of human and animal infections.

Although many microextraction methods were developed for monitoring their residues in

environmental water, none of these methods applied liquid-liquid microextraction for this

purpose. This work presents for the first time a simultaneous Salt Assisted Liquid-Liquid

Microextraction SALLME coupled with HPLC-UV for determination of trimethoprim and

six common sulfonamide residues (sulfathiazole, sulfadiazine, sulfadmidine,

sulfamethoxazole sulfadoxine and sulfaquinoxaline) in water samples. Co-extraction of

trimethoprim with sulfonamides was achieved by the addition of perchloric acid as a

chaotropic agent to the extraction medium. Quality by Design framework was applied to

develop and optimize both of SALLME and HPLC steps to ensure procedure robustness

and sensitivity. Tolerance interval modeling of SALLME responses was applied to

construct the design space of SALLME procedure. The optimized HPLC system enabled

fast, sensitive and robust separation the extracted compounds within four minutes. The

method detection limits of the method were in the range of 2.15-7.64 ng.mL-1

. These

values were far below the guidelines recommended limits (35 and 70 ng.mL-1

for each

individual sulfonamide and trimethoprim respectively).

chromatography. A.ournal of J

2019

29-18 (1586)

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Mokhtar+HI&cauthor_id=30528769


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Abdel-Salam+RA&cauthor_id=30528769


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Hadad+GM&cauthor_id=30528769


Pag 222


Molecular modeling, spectrofluorimetric, and tandem mass spectrometric analysis reveal a competitive binding of amlodipine and rosuvastatin to plasma albumin: Insight into drug-drug interaction

Mohamed Saleh Elgawisha,⁎, Moustafa K. Soltanb,c, Mahmoud M. Sebaiyb

a Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522,

Egypt

b Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Sharkia 44519, Egypt

c Oman College of Health Sciences, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman

Abstract

Hyperlipidemia and hypertension are common co-morbidities and considerably increase the risk of cardiovascular complications. The combined treatment has been recommended for decades; the lipid-lowering agents, statins, and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are commonly prescribed to control the situation. Hence, the development of sensitive assay is of great importance for pharmacokinetic and therapeutic drug monitoring of the combined drugs. Herein, simple and robust chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry LC-ESI/MS) method for simultaneous determination of rosuvastatin (ROS) and amlodipine (AML) in rat plasma was developed and fully validated using irbesartan (IRB) as an internal standard (IS). Specimen preparation involved acetonitrile (ACN)-induce protein precipitation followed by gradient elution using 6mM ammonium formate plus 0.1% formic acid and ACN at a flow rate of 0.4 mL min−1on an Agilent Eclipse Plus ODS (4.6×100 mm, 3.5 μm) column. Multiple reaction monitoring in positive ion mode was used for quantitation of precursor ion production at m/z 409.2→294.1 & 238.2 for AML, 482.1→258.1 for ROS, and 492.1→206.9 for IRB. Linearity was observed in the range of 1–5000 ng mL−1 for AML and 1–10,000 ng mL−1 for ROS with detection limits (S/N of 3) of 0.09 and 0.07 ng mL−1 for AML and ROS, respectively. No interference from endogenous substances was detected. The developed method was validated in terms of accuracy, precision, selectivity, recovery, matrix effects, and stability as per US-FDA Bioanalytical guidelines and successfully applied to clinical pharmacokinetic and drug-drug interaction (DDI) studies with a single oral administration of AML and ROS in rat plasma. The peak plasma concentrations (Cmax), area under the concentration-time curve (AUC), and volume of distribution (Vd) of AML was significantly influenced by the co-administration of ROS and vice versa. The data obtained from molecular modeling and spectrofluorimetric studies indicated that AML and ROS are competitively bound to plasma albumin. AML and ROS quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of human serum albumin owing to their binding nearest to tryptophan 214 within the hydrophobic pocket. A potential DDI in cardiovascular complicated patients receiving chronic treatment with AML and ROS thus deserves further attention and study to improve drug therapy and prevent serious side effects.

Microchemical Journal

2019

104014(149)

Pag 223


An LC–MS/MS spectrometry method for the simultaneousdetermination of

Rosuvastatin and Irbesartan in rat plasma: Insightinto pharmacokinetic

and drug-drug interaction studies

Mohamed Saleh Elgawisha,∗ , Moustafa K. Soltanb,c, Mahmoud M. Sebaiyb

aMedicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522,

Egypt

bMedicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Sharkia, 44519, Egypt

cOman College of Health Sciences, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman

Abstract

The synergistic vascular protective effect of statins and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) is

wellknown, however, the pharmacokinetic interaction among these classes is yet to be understood

and thenecessity of developing analytical methods for their determination in vivo is gradually

increased. Herein,first chromatographic separation coupled tandem mass spectrometric was

developed and fully vali-dated for simultaneous measurement of rosuvastatin (ROS) and irbesartan

(IRB) in rat plasma after oraladministration. The two analytes were extracted from plasma sample

using acetonitrile-induced proteinprecipitation then separated on an Agilent Eclipse Plus ODS (4.6

× 100 mm, 3.5 _m) column by gradientelution using 6 mM ammonium formate/0.1% formic acid and

ACN at a flow rate 0.4 mL min−1. Multiplereaction monitoring in positive ion mode was used for

quantification of precursor to production at m/z492.1 → 206.9 for IRB, 482.1 → 258.1 for ROS, and

409.2 → 238.2 for the internal standard, amlodipine(AML). Linearity was obeyed in the range of 1–

10000 ng mL−1and 1–5000 ng mL−1with detection limits(S/N of 3) of 0.05 and 0.07 ng mL−1for IRB

and ROS, respectively. The current method was validated interms of selectivity, recovery, accuracy,

precision, matrix effects, and stability as per US-FDA bioanalyticalguidelines. The application of our

method reported her is the first to study pharmacokinetic interactionof IRB and ROS in rat plasma

after a single oral dose. The area under the concentration-time curve (AUC),peak plasma

concentrations (Cmax), half-life time (t1/2), and volume of distribution (Vd) of ROS and IRBwere

affected when the two drugs were co-administering. The current study provided a valuable tool

forstudying drug-drug interaction and might be useful for therapeutic drug monitoring and

bioequivalencestudies.

Journal of Pharmaceutical and

Biomedical Analysis

2019

234 –226(174)

Pag 224


The protective effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate on testicular oxidative

stress in lead-induced toxicity mediated by Cyp19 gene / estradiol level

Eman Hassana,⁎, Khaled Kahilob, Tarek Kamalb, Marwa Hassanc, Mohamed Saleh

Elgawishd

a Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Eldakahliya, Egypt b Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr Elsheikh University, Egypt c Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt d Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Exposure to heavy metals contributes to most of the unexplained male infertility. Lead (Pb) is a well-

known heavy metal, which disrupt the male reproductive system. This study was conducted to

investigate the therapeutic and protective effects of green tea active principle, epigallocatechin

gallate (EGCG), on the lead toxicityinduced infertility in male rats. Male albino rats receiving lead

acetate (PbAc, 50 mg/l) once a daily in drinking water showed reduction of spermatozoa count and

motility, diminishing the weights of testes, seminal vesicle and epididymis, low level of serum

testosterone and 17β-estradiol (E2), and degenerative changes in seminiferous tubules. Additionally,

the Pb exposure caused a testicular oxidative stress with a decrease in the activities of superoxide

dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase (CAT) enzymes, a remarkable rising in

malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, as well as a downregulation in P450 aromatase gene expression

(Cyp19) in the rats’ testicular tissues. These adverse effects of Pb were ameliorated by EGCG

treatment, which increased testosterone, E2 serum level, and aromatase P450 gene expression, and

improved testicular architecture and semen picture. Additionally, EGCG decreased the tissue levels

of MDA and retained the levels of antioxidative enzymes. In conclusion, EGCG administration can

provide a significant protection against testicular toxicity caused by pb, indicating the beneficial

roles of EGCG on the male reproductive system.

Toxicology

2019

83–76(422)

Pag 225


Development and validation of an HPLC-UV method for simultaneousdetermination of sildenafil and tramadol in biological fluids:Application to drug-drug interaction study

Hosam Eldin Dahshana, Mohamed A. Helala,b, Samia M. Mostafaa,Mohamed Saleh

Elgawisha,∗

aMedicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522,

Egypt

bBiomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and

Technology, Giza, 12587, Egypt

Abstract

The introduction of sildenafil (SDF) to treat erectile dysfunction has solved a widespread condition

withnegative on the quality of life. Recently, the co-administration of tramadol (TMD) with SDF to

manage pre-mature ejaculation has illegally increased and thus drug-drug interaction studies of

these drugs becameof great importance. Although certain biological functions have been altered

upon co-administration ofthe two drugs, methods for their determination in vivo to understand their

interactions have yet to bepublished. Herein, therefore, an HPLC method with photometric

detection was developed for the deter-mination of a binary mixture of TMD and SDF in rabbit

plasma after oral administration. In this study,a reversed-phase chromatography was performed at

room temperature on a C18column with a mobilephase composed of 10 mM Na2HPO4solution (pH

7.5): acetonitrile (45:55, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.8 mLmin−1using caffeine (CAF) as an internal

standard. The detector was set at 220 nm. The total analysistime was 6 min. Calibration graphs

were linear in the concentration ranges of 0.1–10 and 0.05–10 _gmL−1with a detection limit of 0.05

and 0.02 _g mL−1for TMD and SDF, respectively. The method wasvalidated in terms of accuracy,

precision, limit of detection and quantitation, recovery, and stability asper US FDA bioanalytical

guidelines. In addition, the metabolites N-desmethylsildenafil (UK-103,320) andO-

desmethyltramadol were quantified in rabbit plasma after 2 h of oral administration using LC–

MS/MS.The simultaneous administration of TMD with SDF has affected peak plasma concentration

(Cmax), Tmax,area under the concentration-time curve (AUC), and the elimination rate constant

(Kel) of SDF. Thepresent study is the first to give valuable insights into the drug-drug interaction

and the pharmacokineticimplications associated with the co-administration of SDF and TMD.

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis

2019

(168) 201–208

Pag 226


Pharmacophore modeling, 3D‐QSAR, synthesis, and anti‐lung cancer

evaluation of novel thieno[2,3‐d][1,2,3]triazines targeting EGFR

Ranza Elrayess1 | Yasmine M. Abdel Aziz1 | Mohamed S. Elgawish2 | Marwa Elewa1 |

Hosam A. Elshihawy1 | Mohamed M. Said1

1 Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal


2 Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Two series of thieno[2,3‐d][1,2,3]triazine derivatives were designed, synthesized, and

biologically evaluated as potential epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors

targeting the non‐small‐cell lung cancer cell line H1299. Most of the synthesized

compounds displayed IC50 values ranging from 25 to 58 nM against H1299, which are

superior to that of gefitinib (40 µM). 3‐(5,6,7,8‐Tetrahydro‐7H‐

cyclohexa[4:5]thieno[2,3‐d]‐1,2,3‐triazin‐4‐ylamino)benzene‐1,3‐diamine (6b) achieved the

highest cytotoxic activity against H1299 with an IC50 value of 25 nM; it had the ability to

decrease the EGFR concentration in H1299 cells from 7.22 to 2.67 pg/ml. In vitro, the IC50

value of compound 6b was 0.33 nM against EGFR, which is superior to that of gefitinib at

1.9 nM and erlotinib at 4 nM. The three‐dimensional quantitative structure–activity

relationships and molecular modeling studies revealed comparable binding modes of

compound 6b, gefitinib, and erlotinib in the EGFR active site. The in silico ADME

(absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) prediction parameters of this

compound revealed promising pharmacokinetic and physicochemical properties.

Moreover, DFT (density functional theory) calculations showed the high reactivity of

compound 6b toward the EGFR compared with other compounds. The designed

compound 6b might serve as an encouraging lead compound for the discovery of

promising anti‐lung cancer agents targeting EGFR.

Archiv der Pharmazie

2019

Pag 227


Synthesis of Oxindole Analogues, Biological Activity, and In Silico Studies

Gehad Lotfy,[a]

Yasmine M. Abdel Aziz,[a]

Mohamed M. Said,[a]

El Sayed H. El Ashry,[b]

El Sayed

H. El Tamany,[c]

Assem Barakat,*[d]

Hazem A. Ghabbour,[e]

Sammer Yousuf,[f]

Zaheer Ul-

Haq,[g]

and M. Iqbal Choudhary[f, g]

a] G. Lotfy, Dr. Y. M. A. Aziz, Prof. M. M. Said Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt. [b] Prof. E. S. H. El Ashry Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Alexandria 21321, Egypt. [c] Prof. E. S. H. El Tamany Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt. [d] Dr. A. Barakat Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. E-mail: [email protected] [e] Dr. H. A. Ghabbour Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mansoura, Mansoura 35516, Egypt. [f] Dr. S. Yousuf, Prof. Dr. M. I. Choudhary H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan. [g] Dr. Z. Ul-Haq, Prof. Dr. M. I. Choudhary Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular medicine and Drug Research, Interna- tional Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan.

Abstract

Highly divergent complexity molecules, having spirooxindole core structure, possess excellent bioactivities. The

1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction is one of the most efficient approach for the rapid synthesis of spirooxindole

analogues. Herein, we report the synthesis of a series of spirooxindolone analogues via multicomponent reaction

of chalcone, based on cyclohexanone, substituted isatin (isatin, 5‐Cl‐isatin, and 5‐Br‐isatin), and secondary

amine of the amino acids (L‐Proline and Thioproline). The included activities of the resulting spirooxazolines,

including anti‐inflammatory, anti‐leishmanial, and cytotoxic activity against 3T3 and HeLa cell lines. Among

series of nine diphenyl substituted derivatives of spiro fused benzylidine thioazol indolines (IVa–IVi), compounds

IVb (IC50=5.8±0.9 μM), IVc (IC50=2.4±1.3 μM), IVd (IC50=5.0±0.6 μM), and IVg (IC50=10.4±4.6 μM) have shown

potent anti‐inflammatory activity, several fold more active than the standard drug, ibuprofen (IC50=11.2±1.9 μM).

Whereas, compounds IVa (IC50=18.0±1.1 μM), and IVh (IC50=26.0±3.4 μM) exhibited a significant

anti‐inflammatory potential. All other compounds (IVe and IVf) were found to be inactive. Two meta flouro

substituted phenyl rings containing compound IVc (IC50=2.4±1.3 μM) was the most potent member of the series.

In order to rationalize the observed biological activities of the spirooxindole‐pyrrolothiazole derivatives, in silico

studies were also performed. The results of present study identify a new series of potent anti‐inflammatory

agents, deserve to be further investigated as leads. Small library encompasses spirooxindole derivatives were

reported. The anti‐inflammatory, anti‐leishmanial and anti‐proliferative activities for the synthesized compounds

were tested. Compounds IVc (IC50=2.4±1.3 μM), and IVc (IC50=2.4±1.3 μM) shown potent anti‐inflammatory

activity and appeared several fold more active than the tested standard ibuprofen (IC50=11.2±1.9 μM). These

results, may deserve further consideration for development new derivatives as potent anti‐inflammatory agents.

Chemistry Select

2019

(35) 10510-10516

Pag 228


Synthesis and molecular modeling of novel non-sulfonylureas as

hypoglycemic agents and selective ALR2 inhibitors

Manar G.Salem,Yasmine M. AbdelAziz ,MarwaElewa ,Hosam A.Elshihawy, Mohamed

M.Said

Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal

University, P.O. 41522, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Novel non-sulfonylureas derivatives bearing an acetamide linker between a spirohydantoin

scaffold and a phenyl ring were prepared and their hypoglycemic activity was estimated in

vivo. Their abilities to discriminate in vitro between aldehyde reductase (ALR1) and aldose

reductase (ALR2) were determined. The molecular docking and the in silico prediction

studies were performed to rationalize the obtained biological results and to predict the

physicochemical properties and drug-likeness scores of the new compounds. N-(2,4-

Dichlorophenyl)-2-(2′,4′-dioxospiro[fluorene-9,5′-imidazolidine]-3′-yl)acetamide (3e)

displayed an 84% reduction in blood glucose level superior to that of repaglinide 66% and

showed an IC50 value of 0.37 μM against ALR2 that is superior to that of sorbinil 3.14 µM.

Compound (3e) was selective 96 fold towards ALR2 which is closely related to serious

diabetic complications. Based on the identification of this hit candidate, a new generation

of safe and effective antidiabetic agents could be designed.

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry 2019

(27) 3383-3389









Pag 229


Syntheses and X-ray crystal structures combined with conformational and

Hirshfeld analyses of chalcones based on a cyclohexanone scaffold

GehadLotfyaMohamed M.Said

aEl Sayed H.El Ashry

bEl Sayed H.El Tamany

cYasmine

M.Abdel AzizaSaied M.Soliman

bdAbdullah MohammedAl-Majid

eHazem

A.GhabbourfAssemBarakat

e

a

Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez-Canal University,

Ismailia, 41522, Egypt b

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia,

Alexandria, 21321, Egypt c

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Suez-Canal, Ismalia, 41522, Egypt d

Department of Chemistry, College of Science & Arts, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 344,

Rabigh, 21911, Saudi Arabia e

Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451,

Saudi Arabia f Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mansoura, Mansoura, 35516,

Egypt

Abstract

Four chalcone structures based on cyclohexanone cores were presented. The structures of bis-benzylidenecyclohexanone analogs 3a-d were elucidated using spectrophotometric and single-crystal X-ray techniques. Compounds 3a, 3b, and 3d crystalized in the monoclinic crystal system with the space group P21/c. However, 3c crystalized in the orthorhombic system with the space group Pna21. A set of computational studies related to the structures were carried out. Using the B3LYP method and the 6-31G(d,p) basis set, the molecular structures of the studied dienones were optimized, followed by the evaluation of their electronic properties and UV–vis spectra. The bond distances and angles well-correlated with the experimental data. All the dienones were stabilized by C–

H⋯O intramolecular H-bonding interactions. The presence of two Cl atoms at the ortho-position of each phenyl ring in 3c caused steric hinderance with the cyclohexanone ring, leading to the weakest H⋯O interactions among the studied compounds. The TD-DFT method was used to assign and explain the origin of the electronic spectra of the studied dienones.

Journal of Molecular Structure 2019

(1198) 126873











https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/journal-of-molecular-structure

Pag 230


Full Factorial Design, Optimization, In vitro and Ex vivo Studies of Ocular

Timolol-Loaded Microsponges

Radwa M. A. Abd-Elal1 & Ghada H. Elosaily1,2 & Shadeed Gad3 & El-Sayed Khafagy3,4 &

Yasser Mostafa5

1 Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology & Information, Maadi, Cairo, Egypt 2 Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt 3 Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 4 Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 1142, Saudi Arabia 5 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Purpose Timolol maleate (TMM) is a hydrophilic model drug. The aim of this study was to formulate

TMM-loaded microsponges to sustain TMM release and improve its corneal permeability compared

with TMM-aqueous solution. Methods The modified quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion technique

(water/oil/oil) was used to prepare TMM-loaded microsponges. The impact of the polymer type (X1)

and drug:polymer ratio (X2) were studied and optimized, using full factorial design. The production

yield (PY)%, entrapment efficiency (EE) %, particles size (PS), and TMMreleased%after 6 h were

selected as dependent variables. Depended on the desirability value by using the Design-

Expert®software version 11, the optimized formulation was selected and subjected to further

studies, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), porosity determination, powder X-ray

diffraction (PXRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), ex vivo permeation study, and corneal

hydration level. Results The optimized formulation composed of TMM: EC within the proportion 1:9

exhibited PY of 96.55 ± 4.01%; EE of 72.00 ± 6.08%; PS (d90) of 6283.33 ± 145.71 nm and released

42.12 ± 3.93% of TMM after 6 h. Particles appeared porous with spherical shape. Thermal analysis

proved that the drug has been homogeneously dispersed in its amorphous state. The optimized

formulation showed higher corneal permeability about 1.45-fold higher than TMM-aqueous solution

in a period of 6 h. Conclusions The modified quasi-emulsion diffusion technique (water/oil/oil) is

suitable for improving EE of hydrophilic drug (TMM) and the optimized TMM-loaded microsponge

was succeeded to retard the release of TMM and improve its corneal permeability.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovation 2019

(15) 651–663

Pag 231


Factorial design-optimized and gamma irradiation-assisted fabrication of selenium nanoparticles by chitosan and Pleurotus ostreatus fermented fenugreek for a vigorous in vitro effect against carcinoma cells

Ahmed I.El-BatalaFarag M.MosallamaM.M.GhorabbAmroHanoracMohamedGobaradAhmadBarakadMohamed

A.ElsayeddKaushikPalefRasha M.FathyaM.Abd ElkodousghGharieb S.El-Sayyadad

a

Drug Microbiology Lab, Drug Radiation Research Department, Biotechnology Division, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt b

Pharmaceutical Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Egypt c

Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Egypt d

Chemical Engineering Department, Military Technical College (MTC), Egyptian Armed Forces, Cairo, Egypt e

International and Inter University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, School of Energy Studies, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India f Amity University, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Rajarhat, Kolkata 700135, West-Bengal,

India g

Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan h

Center for Nanotechnology (CNT), School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nile University, Sheikh Zayed, Giza, Egypt

Abstract

The novelty of the present work looks in the synthesis of aqueous dispersed selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) using gamma rays with the aid of various natural macromolecules such as citrus pectin (CP), sodium alginate (Alg), chitosan (CS) and aqueous extract of fermented fenugreek powder (AEFFP) using Pleurotus ostreatus for investigating their impact in vitro toward carcinoma cell. The synthesized Se NPs were characterized by XRD, UV–Vis., DLS, HRTEM, SEM, EDX and FTIR. Nucleation and growth mechanisms were also discussed. The factorial design was applied to examine the importance of multiple parameters on Se NPs production with a special focus on temperature and gamma rays influences. FTIR spectrum exhibited the existence of several functional groups in Se NPs-capping macromolecules. Results revealed that Se NPs' size was dramatically-influenced by the type of stabilizer, precursors concentration, pH and the absorbed gamma rays dose. The current research reported the promising antitumor application of Se NPs against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) and human Colon Adenocarcinoma (CACO) in vitro. The proliferation of EAC was significantly-hindered by Se NPs-CS (38.0 μg/ml) at 60 kGy (IC50 = 23.12%) and Se NPs-AEFFP (19.00 μg/ml) at 15 kGy (IC50 = 7.21%). Also, Se NPs control the generation of CACO cells, IC50 was recorded as 25.32% for Se NPs-CS (38.0 μg/ml) and 8.57% for Se NPs-AEFFP (19.00 μg/ml).

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

2019 (156) 1584-1599













Pag 232


Global, regional, and national burden of tuberculosis, 1990–2016 : results

from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2016 Study

Top of FormShymaa Enany

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt (S

Enany PhD); Department of Public Health Medicine

Abstract

Background Although a preventable and treatable disease, tuberculosis causes more than a million deaths each

year. As countries work towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target to end the

tuberculosis epidemic by 2030, robust assessments of the levels and trends of the burden of tuberculosis are

crucial to inform policy and programme decision making. We assessed the levels and trends in the fatal and

non-fatal burden of tuberculosis by drug resistance and HIV status for 195 countries and territories from 1990 to

2016. Methods We analysed 15 943 site-years of vital registration data, 1710 site-years of verbal autopsy data,

764 site-years of sample-based vital registration data, and 361 site-years of mortality surveillance data to

estimate mortality due to tuberculosis using the Cause of Death Ensemble model. We analysed all available data

sources, including annual case notifications, prevalence surveys, population-based tuberculin surveys, and

estimated tuberculosis cause-specific mortality to generate internally consistent estimates of incidence,

prevalence, and mortality using DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool. We assessed how the burden

of tuberculosis differed from the burden predicted by the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator

of income per capita, average years of schooling, and total fertility rate. Findings Globally in 2016, among HIV-

negative individuals, the number of incident cases of tuberculosis was 9·02 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI]

8·05–10·16) and the number of tuberculosis deaths was 1·21 million (1·16–1·27). Among HIV-positive

individuals, the number of incident cases was 1·40 million (1·01–1·89) and the number of tuberculosis deaths

was 0·24 million (0·16–0·31). Globally, among HIV-negative individuals the agestandardised incidence of

tuberculosis decreased annually at a slower rate (–1·3% [–1·5 to –1·2]) than mortality did (–4·5% [–5·0 to –4·1])

from 2006 to 2016. Among HIV-positive individuals during the same period, the rate of change in annualised

age-standardised incidence was –4·0% (–4·5 to –3·7) and mortality was –8·9% (–9·5 to –8·4). Several regions had

higher rates of age-standardised incidence and mortality than expected on the basis of their SDI levels in 2016.

For drug-susceptible tuberculosis, the highest observed-to-expected ratios were in southern sub-Saharan

Africa (13·7 for incidence and 14·9 for mortality), and the lowest ratios were in high-income North America (0·4

for incidence) and Oceania (0·3 for mortality). For multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, eastern Europe had the

highest observed-to-expected ratios (67·3 for incidence and 73·0 for mortality), and high-income North America

had the lowest ratios (0·4 for incidence and 0·5 for mortality). Interpretation If current trends in tuberculosis

incidence continue, few countries are likely to meet the SDG target to end the tuberculosis epidemic by 2030.

Progress needs to be accelerated by improving the quality of and access to tuberculosis diagnosis and care, by

developing new tools, scaling up interventions to prevent risk factors for tuberculosis, and integrating control

programmes for tuberculosis and HIV.

Lancet Infectious Diseases

2018

(18) 1329-1349

Pag 233


Towards a rapid identification and a novel proteomic analysis for

dermatophytes from human and animal dermatophytosis

Yasmine H Tartor

1, Marwa E Abo Hashem

2, Shymaa Enany

3

1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig,

Egypt. 2Department of Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,

Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt. 3Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal

University, Ismailia, Egypt.

Abstract

Background: Since accurate identification of dermatophyte species is essential for epidemiological studies and implementing antifungal treatment, overcoming limitations of conventional diagnostics is a fruitful subject. Objectives and methods: In this study, we investigated real-time polymerase chain reaction(q-PCR), matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and nano-electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (nano-ESI-MS) to detect and identify the most frequently isolated dermatophytes from human and animal dermatophytosis in comparison with conventional methods. Results: Among 200 samples, the identified species were Microsporum canis (78.22%), Trichophyton verrucosum (10.89%) and T. mentagrophytes (5.94%). Q-PCR assay displayed great execution attributes for dermatophytes detection and identification. Using MALDI-TOF MS, M. canis, but none of T. violacium, T. verrucosum or T. mentagrophytes, could be identified. Nano-ESI-MS accurately identified all species. The potential virulence attributes of secreted proteases were anticipated and compared between species. Secreted endoproteases belonging to families/subfamilies of metalloproteases, subtilisins and aspartic protease were detected. The analysed exoproteases are aminopeptidases, dipeptidyl peptidases and carboxypeptidases. Microsporum canis have three immunogenic proteins, siderophore iron transporter mirB, protease inhibitors, plasma membrane proteolipid 3 and annexin. Conclusion: In essence, q-PCR, MALDI-TOF MS and nano-ESI-MS assays are very nearly defeating difficulties of dermatophytes detection and identification, thereby, supplement or supplant conventional diagnosis of dermatophytosis.

Mycoses

2019

(12):1116-1126

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Tartor+YH&cauthor_id=31493312


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Abo+Hashem+ME&cauthor_id=31493312


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Enany+S&cauthor_id=31493312


Pag 234


Current Understanding of Human Metaproteome Association and

Modulation.

Shahd Ezzeldin1 , Aya El-Wazir2,3, Shymaa Enany4 , Abdelrahman Muhammad5 , Dina

Johar6 , Aya Osama1 , Eman Ahmed1,7, Sameh Magdeldin1,8*

1Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, Department of Basic Research, Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, 11441, Cairo, Egypt 2Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522, Ismailia, Egypt 3Center of Excellence of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522, Ismailia, Egypt 4Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, 41522, Ismailia, Egypt 5Department of Biomedical Engineering, Higher Technological Institute, 44634, Sharqia, Egypt 6Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, 12588, Giza, Egypt 7Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt 8Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt

Abstract

During last decade, metaproteomics provided better understanding and functional

characterization of microbiome. A large body of evidence now revealed interspecies,

species of bacterial-host interaction via secreted-modulatory microbial proteins

“metaproteome”. Although high throughput state-of-art mass spectrometry has

empowered metaproteomics recently, its profile remains unclear, and most importantly,

the exact consequences and underlying mechanism of these protein molecules on host

are insufficiently understood. Here we address the current progress in the study of the

human metaproteome suggesting possible modulation, metaproteome dysbiotic

signature, challenges, and future perspectives.

Journal of proteome Research

2019

(18):3539-3554

Pag 235


Pag 236


Dipsticks and sensor microtiterplate for determination of copper (II) in

drinking water using reflectometric RGB readout of digital images,

fluorescence or eye-vision

Gasser M.Khairyab

AxelDuerkopb

a Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt

b Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo and Biosensors, University of Regensburg,

Universitätsstrasse 31, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany

Abstract

A dipstick and a sensor microtiterplate were developed for fast determination of Cu(II) in drinking water with good sensitivity. The dipsticks are based on filter paper that contains a chromogenic probe (cuprizone) along with a red fluorescent dye (sulforhodamine 101) incorporated inside a hydrogel. Upon reaction with Cu(II), the visible color of the spots shifts from pink over blue to green. This enables determination of the WHO threshold level of Cu(II) in drinking water by eye-vision or using the reflectometric RGB readout of digital images of the dipsticks. Visually, 1–2000.0 μg L

−1 of Cu(II) can be determined and 1–

1000.0 μg L−1

from the evaluation of the digital images. The sensor microtiterplate was fabricated by fixing the sensor cocktail of the dipsticks on the bottom of the wells of a standard microtiterplate. Luminescence determination of Cu(II) in the microtiterplate is based on the inner-filter effect (increasing absorbance) of the Cu-cuprizone complex on the emission of sulforhodamine 101. Hence, the rhodamine emission is increasingly quenched with increasing concentrations of Cu(II). The calibration plot for quantitation of Cu(II) by utilizing a microtiterplate reader spans over more than 3 orders of magnitude from 0.1 to 300.0 μg L

−1. The limit of detection is 0.1 μg L

−1 which is the lowest for sensor

microplates for determination of Cu(II) so far. The method is hardly affected in a pH range from 4.0 to 7.0 and only 5 min of incubation time are required. The selectivity for Cu(II) is high, even in presence of various heavy metals. The dipsticks and the sensor microtiterplate were successfully applied to real samples and the accuracy of both tools was validated by ICP-atomic emission spectrometry.

Sensors and Actuators

B: Chemical

2019

(281): 878-884



Pag 237


A new luminescent bio-probe of Europium(III)-complex for sensing some

biomolecules and CT-DNA

Hassan A.AzabaGasser M.Khairy

aN.Abd El-Ghany

bMarwa A.Ahmed

b

a Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, 41522, Ismailia, Egypt

b Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Arish University, El-Arish, Egypt

Abstract

Here, we demonstrated a bio-probe based on Europium(III)-8-allyl-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-

carbaldehyde (AOCC) complex for sensing of N-acetylamino acids, nucleotides,

nucleobases and CT-DNA in solution using time-resolved Luminescence method. The

stoichiometry of the complex has been optimized to be 1:3 metal: ligand ratio. The limits of

detection were in the range of 0.044 - 0.13 μM. The binding constants (K) and

thermodynamic parameters of biomolecules under examination with Eu (III)–

(AOCC)3 complex have been determined. Selectivity of Eu(III)-(AOCC)3 complex towards

various biomolecules was studied utilizing ratiometric methods, where the binding

affinities of these biomolecules towards Eu(III)-(AOCC)3 complex have been calculated.

The binding mode between CT-DNA and Eu(III)-(AOCC)3 has been investigated using

steady-state luminescence and viscosity method. The luminescence emission of this

complex was found to be modulated to different degrees when interacting biomolecules

under investigation and DNA. This can be considered as a model for a sensor for detecting

these biologically compounds.

Journal of Photochemistry and

Photobiology A: Chemistry

2019

(374): 1-9





Pag 238


Integrating remote sensing, geographic information system, and analytical

hierarchy process for hazardous waste landfill site selection

Hesham Abd-El Monsef1 & Scot E. Smith2

1 Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

2 Geomatics Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

Abstract

This paper describes a method for identifying places for safe disposal of hazardous

waste materials in the Egyptian Suez Canal Corridor. Hazardous waste is defined as a

material that poses a threat to public health and the environment because of its

ignitability, reactivity, corrosively, or toxicity. Industrial zones of the Suez Canal corridor

produce large amounts of hazardous waste. To mitigate the deleterious impact of

hazardous waste, it should be disposed of in an environmentally safe process. This

includes selecting a site that will not contaminate groundwater, create dust, and noise in

residential neighborhoods and has the capacity to last at least 10 years. The standards

used in this paper were established at the Basel Hazardous Waste Convention in 1992.

They include social, economic, environmental, geological, hydrological, and

geomorphological variables. Geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing

were used to prepare a geospatial database representing the Basal Convention criteria

for the study site. The information required to build the geospatial database were

collected through field surveys, interpretation of satellite images, and from previous

published scientific research. The criteria were weighted based on their roles and

importance. Based on the weighted criteria, an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was

used to select the most environmentally sound sites. Through the AHP, two suitable sites

were identified as being suitable for hazardous waste disposal.

Arabian Journal of Geosciences

2019 12:155

Pag 239


Using multispectral imagery to extract a pure spectral canopy signature for

predicting peanut maturity

Hesham Abd-El Monsefa, Scot E. Smithb,⁎, Diane L. Rowlandc, Nader Abd El Rasold

a Geology, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Egypt b Geomatics, University of Florida, United States c Agronomy, University of Florida, United States d University of Florida, United States

Abstract

An Unmanned Autonomous Octocopter equipped with a multispectral camera was used to take imagery of peanut plant cover at different stages of maturity. Vegetation indexes (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, Transformed Difference Vegetation Index, Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index, Modified Chlorophyll Absorption Ratio Index and the Modified Triangular Vegetation Index) were stacked and used to mask out the peanut canopy cover from background soil, shadows and any other surficial materials. Masked peanut canopy was used to develop a peanut maturity-spectral reflectance prediction model. The model was built using partial least squares. Comparison between the model- predicted and real values showed that the model does not give an accurate estimate of maturity up to 60 days after planting, but the accuracy of the model increases with time. This may since the difference between chlorophyll a and become more significant in mature peanuts more than immature ones. The overall assessment of the model indicates that the model needs to be calibrated for more precise prediction of the peanut maturity. This could be achieved by expanding the peanut maturity, versus peanut leaf spectra, database by taking data more frequently, especially close to harvest. Data collection should be started two months after planting when the ratios between chlorophyll a and b become more detectable in the leaf reflectance spectra.

Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 2019

(162) 561–572

Pag 240


Processing and characterization of novel calcium titanate/Na‑titanate

nanotube/rutile nanocomposite coating on titanium metal

Nasser Y. Mostafa1,2 · Atiat Montaser1,3 · Reem A. Al‑Affray1 · M. M. Kamel2 · A.

Alhadhrami1

1 Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 888, 21974 Taif, Saudi Arabia 2 Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 3 Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt

Abstract

A novel nanocomposite coating, containing calcium titanate (CaTiO3), sodium titanate

nanotube (Na-T) and rutile, was prepared on a titanium substrate. At first, calcium

phosphate was deposited electrochemically on Ti substrate. Hydrothermal processing at

130 °C in 10 M NaOH transformed calcium phosphate layer into well-crystallized calcium

titanium oxide hydroxide (Kassite) and titanium surface into Na-T. Annealing at 350 °C

transformed the titanium metal surface into rutile ( TiO2) and the final coating was CaTiO3/

Na-T/rutile composite. Hydrothermal treatment decreases adhesion bond strength and

microhardness. Although the adhesion strength of the final coating was comparative to

that of the initial coating, hardness and corrosion resistance were increased with

annealing at 350 °C due to the formation of buffer layer of rutile phase.

Applied Physics A

2019

125:285

Pag 241


Hepatitis B variants among Egyptian patients undergoing hemodialysis

Nashwa H. M. Abdel-Maksoud1 | Ahmed El-Shamy2 | Mohamed Fawzy3 | Hanaa H. A.

Gomaa1 | Mokhtar M. A. Eltarabilli3

1 Faculty of Science, Department of Botany, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 2 Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Collage of Pharmacy, Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA, USA 3 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Virology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious nosocomial infection that affects patients

undergoing hemodialysis (HD). However, certain HBV variants are not detected by routine

serological tests in Egyptian dialysis units because of mutations that change important

viral antigens (Ags). Of note, these mutations can result in the appearance of

differentHBVvariants with different clinical manifestations. Thus, the present study aimed

to assess different clinical forms of HBV infections and viral genotypes among patients

undergoing HD in the Ismailia governorate of Egypt. To this end, serum samples were

collected from 150 patients undergoing HD and screened for HBV-DNA using a nested

PCR technique. Positive samples were then screened for HBV serological markers

(hepatitis B core antibody [HBcAb], hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B surface

antibody, hepatitis B e antigen and hepatitis B e antibody) using ELISA and theHBVviral

load quantitated by qPCR.HBVgenotypes were detected by direct sequencing of the partial

surface (S) gene. The most common clinical form of HBV infection in our study cohort was

overt HBV infection (10%); followed by seropositive occult hepatitis B infection (7.3%),

most of whom had an isolated HBcAb. The least common form was the precore mutant

(1.3%). All HBV isolates were genotype D. This study reveals the importance of HBcAb and

PCR in screening for HBV, especially for detection of occult hepatitis B infection.

Microbiology and Immunology

2019

(63)77–84

Pag 242


Synthesis of quinazolindionyl amino acid and dipeptide derivatives as

possible antitumour agents

band Mohamed S. Gomaa

aIbrahim A. I. Ali,

aEzzeldin M. S. Salem,

aA. Aboelmagd,*

aDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522,

Egypt bDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam

Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Some physiologically active amino acid and dipeptide esters were coupled to 3-(2-

hydroxyethyl)-2,4-dioxo- (1H,3H)-quinazoline at N-1 via acetyl/propionyl link. The C2/C3

anchor segments were introduced by either alkylation or Michael addition reactions with

ethyl chloroacetate or methyl acrylate respectively. The occurrence of these two reactions

on nitrogen N-1 rather than oxygen atom was confirmed by spectral values (1H and 13C

NMR). Amide bond formation was performed by the azide activation procedure at 0 oC to

avoid Curtius rearrangement. 21 of the newly synthesized compounds exhibited IC50’s in

the range of 5.63-26.9 μg/mL relative to doxorubicin (3.23 μg/mL) when tested against

HepG2cell line.

Archive for Organic Chemistry

2019

27-42

Pag 243


Synthesis and antiproliferative assay of triazolyl- 2,2-dimethyl-3-

phenylpropanoates as potential HDAC inhibitors

a

and Ibrahim. A. I. Alic

Walid Fathalla a

Abouelmagd A., b

Gomaa M. S., a

Rayes, *-Samir El

aDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.

bDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam

Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P. O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Eastern Province,

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia cDepartment of Physics and Math., Faculty of Engineering, Port-Said University, Port-

Said, Egypt

Abstract

Recently, histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition has gained great importance in cancer

treatment. We herein, describe the design, synthesis and biological testing of 16

compounds based on the structure modification of methyl 3-(4-(2-

chloroacetamido)phenyl)-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylpropanoate (5) and methyl 3-(4-

chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylpropanoate (14) as potent HDACIs. Two series were

synthesized based on the structure of 3-(4-(2-chloroacetamido)phenyl)-3-hydroxy-2,2-

dimethylpropanoate and 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylpropanoate. The

compounds were tested in vitro for their antiproliferative activity against HeLa cells. The

results identified compounds 16b, 16c, 18 (IC50; 11.69, 0.69, 3.39 mM respectively) as

potential good inhibitors compared to the standard drug doxorubicin (IC50; 2.29 mM).

Those compounds also exhibited promising activity against other cancer cell lines

namely; HCT-116, MCF-7, PC3, A549 and therefore were selected as hits for further

optimization. The docking experiment results performed on the HDAC-2 crystal structure

were in close agreement with the biological testing results which suggest that those

compounds potentially work through HDAC inhibition.

RSC Advances 2019 (9) 13896–13907

Pag 244


Convenient Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Methyl 2‑[3-(3-Phenyl-

quinoxalin-2-ylsulfanyl)propanamido]- alkanoates and N‑Alkyl 3‑((3-

Phenyl-quinoxalin-2-yl)sulfanyl)propanamides

Mohamed S. Gomaa,‡ Ibrahim A. I. Ali,† Walid Ahmed Aboelmagd,†Samir M. El Rayes,*,†

Fathalla,§ Faheem H. Pottoo,∥ and Firdos A. Khan

†Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt

‡Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy and ∥Department of

Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box

1982, Dammam 31441, Eastern Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

§Department of Physics and Mathematics, Faculty of Engineering, Port-Said University, Port-Said

42526, Egypt

⊥Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Research & Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam

Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

A series of methyl 2-[3-(3-phenyl-quinoxalin-2-ylsulfanyl)-propanamido]al-kanoates and

their corresponding hydrazides and N-alkyl 3-((3-phenylquino-xalin-2-

yl)sulfanyl)propanamides were prepared on the basis of the chemoselective Michael

reaction of acrylic acid with the parent substrate 3-phenylquinoxaline-2(1H)-thione. The

parent thione was produced by a convenient novel thiation method from the

corresponding 3-phenylquinoxalin-2(1H)-one. The chemical structures of the newly

synthesized compounds were confirmed by elemental analyses, 1H and

13C NMR. The

antiproliferative activity of the synthesized compounds was tested against human HCT-116

and MCF-7 cell lines. Out of 25 screened derivatives, 10 active compounds exhibited IC50’s

in the range 1.9−7.52 μg/mL on the HCT-116, and 17 active compounds exhibited IC50’s in

the range 2.3−6.62 μg/mL on the MCF-7 cell lines compared to the reference drug

doxorubicin (IC50 3.23 μg/mL). The structure−activity relationship of the tested compounds

was studied through their binding affinity to the human thymidylate synthase allosteric

site in silico using molecular docking and proved the quinoxaline ring as a suitable

scaffold carrying a peptidomimetic side chain in position 3.

ACS Omega 2019 (4) 18555−18566

Pag 245


Facile synthesis of graft copolymers of maltodextrin and chitosan with 2-

acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid for efficient removal of Ni(II),

Fe(III), and Cd(II) ions from aqueous media

Ehab A. Abdelrahman1 & Enas T. Abdel-Salam2 & S. M. El Rayes2 & Nesma S. Mohamed2

1 Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt

2 Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt

Abstract

In this paper, graft copolymers of maltodextrin or chitosan with 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-

propanesulfonic acid were synthesized and labeled P1 or P2, respectively. Also,

homopolymer of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid was synthesized and

labeled P3. The synthesized polymers were characterized using different tools such as

CHNS elemental analysis, FT-IR, and UVVis spectrophotometer. The synthesized

polymers were used as adsorbents for the removal of Ni(II), Fe(III), and Cd(II) ions from

aqueous media. Contact time, pH, concentration of metal ions, and amount of polymers

were studied. The adsorption of Ni(II) ions using P1, P2, or P3 samples follows the

pseudo-first-order. Also, the adsorption of Fe(III) ions using P1 or P2 samples follows the

pseudo-second-order. In addition, the adsorption of Fe(III) ions using P3 sample follows

the pseudo-first-order. Besides, the adsorption of Cd(II) ions using P1 or P3 samples

follows the pseudo-first-order. Moreover, the adsorption of Cd(II) ions using P2 sample

follows the pseudo-second-order. The adsorption of Ni(II), Fe(III), or Cd(II) ions using P1,

P2, or P3 samples follows the Langmuir isotherm. Qm of P1, P2, and P3 toward Ni(II) ions

equals 26.66, 32.74, and 27.33 mg g−1 , respectively. Also, Qm of P1, P2, and P3 toward

Fe(III) ions equals 29.31, 28.97, and 29.01 mg g−1 , respectively. In addition, Qm of P1, P2,

and P3 toward Cd(II) ions equals 27.46, 34.81, and 35.59 mg g−1 , respectively.

Journal of Polymer Research

2019

26: 251

Pag 246


Pyrazoles and Isoxazoles Based Sulfanilamide and Phenazone as

Antimicrobial Agents: Synthesis and Biological Activity

A. H. Moustafaa,*, H. A. El-Sayeda, S. M. El Rayesb, H. A. Morsyc, S. H. Abd-allahd, H. F.

Ismailb, and M. M. Abd El-Aalb

a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519 Egypt b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522 Egypt c Higher Institution of Engineering & Modern Technology, Elmarg, Cairo, 13774 Egypt d Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519

Egypt

Abstract

New pyrazole and pyridine derivatives have been synthesized from sulfanilamide and

phenazone via diazotization and coupling with a wide range of α-CH acids followed by

heterocyclization with hydrazine derivative, hydroxylamine and cyanoacetamide. The

antimicrobial tests of the products demonstrate high to moderate activity against Gram (–

ve) bacteria and the tested fungi. No positive action of the products is observed against

Gram (+ve) bacteria.

Russian Journal of General

Chemistry

2019

(89) 2314–2320.

Pag 247


Copper(II) ternary complexes with gabapentin and neurotransmitters as

antiepileptic drug

M.A. Mahmoud

a, A.M. Abbas

b, S.A. Zaitone

c, A.M. Ammar

b, S.A. Sallam

b, *

a Department of Science and Mathematics Engineering, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining

Engineering, Suez University, Suez, Egypt b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

c Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal


Abstract

Novel series of ternary complexes of Cu2+

with antiepileptic drug (Gpn) and

neurotransmitters (Gly, Asp, Glu, Ser, GABA and Ade) were synthesized. Surface

morphology of the complexes and their chemical composition were studied using

elemental analysis, SEM and EDX spectrum. Majority of the complexes were non-

electrolytes. Molecular weight and purity was confirmed using GC-MS spectrum.

Crystallographic parameters were calculated for the complexes from their XRD data using

Expo2014 computer program showing monoclinic and orthorhombic crystal systems with

space group P 1 21 1 and P 2 21 21. Crystal structural data, UV-Vis spectra and magnetic

moment values indicate distorted square planar and pseudo tetrahedral stereochemistry.

IR data reveal that Cu2+

is bonded through COOH of the Gpn and NH2, COO_ of the amino

acids. ESR spectra showed dx2‒y2 ground state for the Cu2 +. TGA, DTG, DTA and the

suggested decomposition mechanism confirm the proposed structure of the complexes.

The complexes [Cu(Gpn)(Asp)(H2O)].5H2O, [Cu(Gpn)(Ser)Cl] and [Cu(Gpn)(Ade)Cl2].5H2O

showed superior anticonvulsant activity compared to gabapentin since they significantly

reduced the seizure score compared to PTZ group in male Albino mice. Also, the complex

[Cu(Gpn)(Asp)(H2O)].5H2O was the only that markedly prolonged the latency time

compared to Gpn group.

Journal of Molecular Structure 2019

(1180) 866-871

Pag 248


Dy(III) complexes of metformin Schiff-bases as glucose probe: synthesis,

spectral and thermal properties

Marwa A. Mahmoud2, Enas T. Abdel-Salam

1, Nadia F. Abdel Aal

1, Zeinab M. Showery

3 &

Shehab A. Sallam1

1Department of Science and Mathematics Engineering, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining

Engineering, Suez University, Suez, Egypt 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

3Holding Company for Water & Wastewater, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Complexes of Dy3+ with metformin-Schiff-bases of salicylaldehyde (HL1); 2,3-

dihydroxybenzaldehyde (H2L2); 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (H2L3); 2,5-

dihydroxybenzaldehyde (H2L4); 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (H2L5); and 2-

hydroxynaphthaldehyde (HL6) were synthesized by template reactions. The new

compounds were characterized through elemental analysis, conductivity and magnetic

moment measurements, IR, UV-Vis, fluorescence, GC-MS, and XRD spectroscopies. The

complexes are seven coordinate with formulas [DyL1,4,6

(NO3)2(H2O)2]·nH2O where n = 2,

2½, 4, 2, 2 and [DyL5

(NO3)(H2O)4]·2H2O. TGA, DTG, and DTA analyses confirmed the

suggested stereochemistry and subsequently the proposed mechanism of thermal

decomposition. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were calculated for the second

decomposition steps. Thus, we report the ability of using the prepared complexes in the

detection of glucose at physiological conditions using UV-Vis and fluorescence

spectroscopy as well as viscosity measurements, where the association constants were

calculated.

Journal of Coordination Chemistry

2019

(72) 749-769

Pag 249


Template Synthesis, Spectral, Thermal and Glucose Sensing of Pr3+

Complexes of Metformin Schiff-Bases

Marwa Mahmoud

1 & Enas Abdel-Salam

2 & Mahmoud Abou-Elmagd

3 & Shehab Sallam

2

1 Department of Science and Mathematics Engineering, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining

Engineering, Suez University, Suez, Egypt 2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

3 Holding Company for Water & Wastewater, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Schiff-bases of metformin with each of salicylaldehyde (HL1); 2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde

(H2L2); 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (H2L3); 2,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (H2L

4); 3,4-

dihydroxybenzaldehyde (H2L5) and 2-hydroxynaphthaldehyde (HL

6) and their complexes

with Pr(III) were synthesized by template reaction. The complexes were characterized

through elemental analysis, conductivity and magnetic moment measurements, IR, UV-

Vis., fluorescence, GC-MS and XRD spectroscopy. The complexes exhibit a series of

characteristic emission bands for Pr3+

ion in the 481-472 and 590-580 nm range with a 318-

332 nm excitation source. The complexes have eight coordinated structure with the

formulae [PrL1-4,6

(NO3)2(H2O)3].nH2Owhere n = 1, 1½, 3, 4, 4 and [PrL5(NO3)(H2O)5].2H2O.

The suggested stereochemistry was confirmed using TGA, DTG and DTA analysis and a

mechanism for thermal decomposition was proposed. Coates-Redfern equation was used

to calculate kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the main decomposition step. The

utility of the complexes towards the detection of glucose at physiologically relevant pH in

phosphate buffer using UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy as well as viscosity

measurements are tried where the association constants were calculated.

Fluorescence Journal of

2019

(29) 319-333

Pag 250


Enhancement of disease resistance, growth potential, and photosynthesis in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) by inoculation with an endophytic actinobacterium, Streptomyces thermocarboxydus strain BPSAC147

Ajit Kumar Passari1,2, Kalidas Upadhyaya3, Garima Singh1, Ahmed M. Abdel-Azeem4, Sugitha Thankappan5, Sivakumar Uthandi5, Abeer Hashem6,7, Elsayed Fathi Abd_AllahID 8, Jahangir Ahmed

Malik8, Alqarawi AS8, Vijai Kumar Gupta9, Sanjay Ranjan10, Bhim Pratap SinghID 1*

1 Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India, 2 Departamento de

Biologia Molecular y Biotecnologia, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad Nacional

Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Mexico, Mexico, 3 Department of Forestry, Mizoram University, Aizawl,

Mizoram, India, 4 Department of Botany, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt, 5 Biocatalysts Lab,

Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India, 6

Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi

Arabia, 7 Mycology and Plant Disease Survey Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, ARC,

Giza, Egypt, 8 Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, ERA Chair of Green Chemistry, Tallinn

University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia, 9 Plant Production Department, College of Food and

Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 10 Application Scientist,

Spectraritec, Ranjit Nagar Commercial Complex, Saadipur, Delhi

Abstract

Biotic stresses in plants have a significant impact on agricultural productivity. In the present study, in vivo experiments were conducted to determine the physiological responses of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedlings by inoculation with an endophytic actinobacterium, Streptomyces thermocarboxydus isolate BPSAC147 under greenhouse conditions. Further, photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) (Fv/Fm), photochemical quenching (qP) and non-photochemical (NPQ) were calculated in seedlings inoculated with S. thermocarboxydus (T1) and were compared with control (T0) plants. Furthermore, the electron transport rate (ETR) of PSII exhibited a significant increase in T1 plants, relative to T0 plants. These results indicate that inoculation of tomato seedlings with S. thermocarboxydus had a positive effect on the process of photosynthesis, resulting in enhanced chlorophyll fluorescence parameters due to increased ETR in the thylakoid membrane. GC-MS analysis showed significant differences in the volatile compounds in the different treatments performed under greenhouse conditions. The present study suggests that S. thermocarboxydus can be used as new biocontrol agent to control Fusarium wilt in tomato crops and enhance productivity by enhancing photosynthesis.

PLOS ONE

2019

(7):e0219014

Pag 251


Assessment of biodegradation in ancient archaeological wood from the

Middle Cemetery at Abydos, Egypt

Ahmed M. Abdel-Azeem1, Benjamin W. Held2, Janet E. Richards3, Suzanne L. Davis4,

Robert A. BlanchetteID 2* 1 Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt, 2 Department of

Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America, 3 Director of

Abydos Middle Cemetery Project, Department of Near Eastern Studies, University of Michigan, Ann

Arbor, Michigan, United States of America, 4 Conservator, Abydos Middle Cemetery Project, Kelsey

Museum of Archaeology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Abstract

Abydos is a large, complex archaeological site located approximately 500 km south of Cairo in Upper Egypt. The site has served as a cemetery for thousands of years and is where most of the Early Dynastic royal tombs are located. North Abydos includes the Middle Cemetery and the North Cemetery, which are separated from each other by a wadi. The Middle Cemetery was the burial ground for important Sixth Dynasty (2407–2260 BC) officials and over time for thousands of elite and non-elite individuals as well. Excavations at the core area of the Old Kingdom mortuary landscape have revealed many culturally important wooden objects but these are often found with extensive deterioration that can compromise their preservation. The objectives of this study were to characterize the biodegradation that has taken place in excavated wooden objects, elucidate the type of wood degradation present, obtain information on soil properties at the site and identify fungi currently associated with the wood and soils. Light and scanning electron microscopy studies were used to observe the micromorphological characteristics of the wood, and culturing on different media was done to isolate fungi. Identification of the fungi was done by examining morphological characteristics and extracting rDNA from pure cultures and sequencing the ITS region. Wooden objects, made from Cedrus, Juniperus and Acacia as well as several unidentified hardwoods, were found with extensive degradation and were exceedingly fragile. Termite damage was evident and frass from the subterranean termites along with sand particles were present in most woods. Evidence of soft rot attack was found in sections of wood that remained. Fungi isolated from wood and soils were identified as species of Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Penicillium, Stemphylium Talaromyces and Trichoderma. Results provide important information on the current condition of the wood and gives insights to the identity of the fungi in wood and soils at the site. These results provide needed information to help develop conservation plans to preserve these degraded and fragile wooden objects.

PLOS ONE

2019

(3):e0213753

Pag 252


Chrysophanol: A Natural Anthraquinone with Multifaceted Biotherapeutic

Potential

Prateeksha 1,2, Mohd Aslam Yusuf 3, Brahma N. Singh 2,*, Surya Sudheer 4, Ravindra N. Kharwar 5, Saba Siddiqui 6, Ahmed M. Abdel-Azeem 7, Leonardo Fernandes Fraceto 8,

Kavya Dashora 9 and Vijai K. Gupta 4,* 1 Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow-226026, Uttar Pradesh, India, [email protected] 2 Herbal Nanobiotechnology Lab, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, Uttar Pradesh, India, [email protected] 3 Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow-226016, Uttar Pradesh, India, [email protected] 4 Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, ERA Chair of Green Chemistry, Tallinn University of Technology, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia; [email protected] (V.K.G); [email protected] (S.S.) 5 Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005 India; [email protected] 6 Integral Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology (IIAST), Integral University, Lucknow-226026, India; [email protected] 7 Botany Department, Faculty of Science, University of Suez Canal, Ismailia 41522 Egypt; [email protected] 8 Institute of Science and Technology of Sorocaba, São Paulo State University–Unesp, Sorocaba–São Paulo 18087-180, Brazil; [email protected] 9 Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India; [email protected]

Abstract

Chrysophanol is a unique anthraquinone having broad-spectrum therapeutic potential along with

ecological importance. It is the first polyketide that has been reported to be biosynthesized in an

organism-specific manner. The traditional Chinese and Korean medicinal systems provide evidence

of the beneficial effects of chrysophanol on human health. The global distribution of chrysophanol

encountered in two domains of life (bacteria and eukaryota) has motivated researchers to critically

evaluate the properties of this compound. A plethora of literature is available on the pharmacological

properties of chrysophanol, which include anticancer, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, anti-

inflammatory, antiulcer, and antimicrobial activities. However, the pharmacokinetics and toxicity

studies on chrysophanol demand further investigations for it to be used as a drug. This is the first

comprehensive review on the natural sources, biosynthetic pathways, and pharmacology of

chrysophanol. Here we reviewed recent advancements made on the pharmacokinetics of the

chrysophanol. Additionally, we have highlighted the knowledge gaps of its mechanism of action

against diseases and toxicity aspects.

Biomolecules

2019

(2): 68

Pag 253


TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open access

Kattge J., Bönisch G., Díaz S., Lavorel S., Prentice I.C., Leadley P., Tautenhahn S., Werner G., ..., Ali H.E.*, … and Wirth C.

* Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt

Abstract Plant traits – the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants – determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystems properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits - almost complete coverage for ‘plant growth form’. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives.

Global Change Biology

2019

(26): 119-188

Pag 254


Factors affecting population dynamics of Tetranychus urticae and its

predators on three economic plants in Ismailia, Egypt

Asmaa Mohamed Abdallah1 & Manal Sayed Mohamed Ismail1 & Ahmed Hassan

AboGhalia2 & Maha Farid Mohamed Soliman2

1 Vegetable and Ornamental Plant Mites Department, Agricultural Research Center, Plant

Protection Research Institute, Giza, Egypt

2 Faculty of Science, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of site and temperature on the percentage of leaves infested by the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, and on the density of the spider mite and its predators on three crop species of economic importance. From February 2014 to January 2015, a survey was conducted on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) (plots situated at Abu-sawyer and Sarabium regions, Ismailia, Egypt) and moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) (plots situated on the east side of the Suez Canal and El Koraim regions, Ismailia, Egypt). Results showed that there were monthly variations on the percentage of infested leaves, and on the density of the adults of T. urticae and its predators. The significant highest density of T. urticae adults was recorded in April on cucumber and eggplant, and in December on moringa. The highest density of T. urticae was recorded in Sarabium region for cucumber and eggplant, and in El-Koraim region for moringa. Three predator species were detected on cucumber and eggplant: Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot, Scolothrips longicornis Priesner and Stethorus gilvifrons Punctillum. No predator was recorded on moringa. The density of predators was affected by site and temperature. In conclusion, sites and monthly variations of the temperature apparently were key factors affecting spider mite and its predator’s population, and their effects were host plant dependent.

International Journal of Tropical Insect Science

2019 (39): 115–124

Pag 255


The neurotoxic impact of subchronic exposure of male rats to copper

oxychloride

Heba N.Gad EL-Haka, Yomn M. Mobarak

b

a Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt b Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt

Abstract

Background: The target of this animal study was to clarify the influence of Copper

oxychloride (COC) (at concentrations of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg b.wt.) administration for

ninety days on the brain tissues to evaluate its possible neurotoxicity. Methods: Thirty

male albino rats were divided up into control and four experimental groups. Group-II (rats

were fed corn oil daily through oral gavage) and Group-III-A, Group-III-B, Group-III-C (rats

were fed orally with COC in a dosage of 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg b.wt.,

respectively, daily for ninety days. Various biochemical analyses and histopathological

assessment of rat forebrain were investigated. Results: the brains of the treated rats at the

three chosen doses of COC recorded a significant (p≤0.05) elevation of lipid peroxidation.

The measured brain lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) revealed non significant (p ≥ 0.05)

differences among the studied groups. Besides, there was a significant (p < 0.05) decrease

in the brain manganese concentration (Mn) of COC treated rats. In addition, there were

significant (p < 0.05) increase in zinc (Zn) brain concentration and non significant change

in copper (Cu) brain concentration among groups. The brain, cerebrum showed marked

histopathological damage than cerebellum. The cerebral cortex of COC treated animals

exhibited severe degenerative changes. Conclusion: The present results concluded that

consumption of food contaminated even with modest amount of COC can enter the brain

barrier resulted in neurotoxicity in the brain of albino rats.

Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology 2019 (52): 186–191

Pag 256


Study of the toxic effect and safety of vitamin E supplement in male albino

rats after 30 days of repeated treatment

Heba N.Gad EL-Hak

a, Eman E. ELaraby

b, Ahmed K. Hassan

b, Osama A. Abbas

b

a Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

b Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt

Abstract

The aim of these investigations was to study vitamin E supplement effect in male albino

rats after 30 days of repeated treatment. Four groups of six male rats were orally

administered distilled water (control), 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg body weight vitamin E

daily for 30 days. The impact of the treatment on percent body weight and mortality was

determined and compared to the control group. Some hematological analysis, biochemical

parameters and histological examination of different body organs were assessed. The rats

treated with different doses of vitamin E supplement showed no deaths recorded in 30

days. The treatment with higher dose Vitamin E supplementation" caused significant

alteration at the hematological, biochemical and histological level. Therefore, oral

administration of vitamin E supplement in rats for 30 days was not safe for the liver and

kidney and in the other hand, safe for the testes therefore that side effect on the liver and

kidney should be considered when recommended vitamin E for therapeutic purpose. Care

should be taken in taking high doses of vitamin E.

Heliyon

2019

(5): 1-7

Pag 257


Toxic effect of Moringa peregrina seeds on histological and biochemical

analyses of adult male Albino rats

Heba N.Gad EL-Hak

a, Abdel Raouf A. Moustafa

b , Samira R. Mansour

b,

a Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt b Botany Department, Faculty of science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Moringa is multipurpose promising tree particularly for medicinal use. With its high

nutritive and pharmaceutical values, every part of the tree is suitable for human

consumptions. The use of vegetate parts, seeds or extracts requires toxicological

evaluations to prove and verify safety uses before being added to pharmaceutical

medicine, or any other products related to human diet. In this study, Moringa peregrina

seeds, grown in high elevation mountain in Saint Catherin area, were investigated and

evaluated for their toxicity with respect to its topological potential through histological and

biochemical studies in Albino rats. Daily doses of 0, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/ kg body

weight of dry seed of M. peregrina were administered orally to 4 groups of rats for 14 days.

Biochemical and histopathological results were evaluated by standard methods. Measured

biochemical parameters, insulin, albumin, total protein, creatinine, urea, uric acid, Follicle-

stimulating hormone, Luteinizing hormone and Testosterone, revealed normal levels

compared to control group. However, measured level of blood sugars, cholesterol,

triglyceride and liver enzyme, displayed significant decreases. No histopathological

changes were detected in the body tested organs. In consequences, intake of different

doses of M. peregrina, even high one, exhibit no organ toxicity and are safe for human

use.

Toxicology Reports

2018

(5): 38–45

Pag 258


From power laws to fractional diffusion Processes with and without

external Forces, the non direct way

Enstar A. Abdel-Rehim

Mathematics Department, Faculty of Science Suez Canal University, Ismailia, EGYPT

Abstract

In this paper, a wide view on the theory of the continuous time random walk (CTRW) and

its relations to the space–time fractional diffusion process is given. We begin from the

basic model of CTRW (Montroll andWeiss [19], 1965) that also can be considered as a

compound renewal process. We are interested in studying the random walks in which the

probability distributions of the waiting times and jumps have fat tails characterized by

power laws with exponent between 0 and 1 for the waiting times, between 0 and 2 for the

jumps. We prove the relation between the integral equation of the CTRW having the above

fat tails waiting and jump width distributions and the space–time fractional diffusion

equations in the Laplace– Fourier domain. The space–time fractional Fokker–Planck

equation could also be driven from the discrete Ehren–Fest model and is represented by

the theory of CTRW. These space–time fractional diffusion processes are getting

increasing popularity in applications in physics, chemistry, finance, biology, medicine and

many other fields. The asymptotic behavior of the Mittag–Leffler function plays a

significant rule on simulating these models. The behaviors of the studied CTRW models

are well approximated and visualized by simulating various types of random walks by

using the Monte Carlo method.

Fractional Calculus and Applied

Analysis

2019

(22): 60-77

Pag 259


Ultrasensitive Optical Chemosensor for Cu(II) Detection

Sayed M. Saleh ,1,2 Reham Ali,1,3 Fahad Alminderej,1 and Ibrahim A. I. Ali4

1Chemistry Department, Science College, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia 2Chemistry Branch, Department of Science and Mathematics, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, Suez, Egypt 3Chemistry Department, Science College, Suez University, Suez, Egypt 4Chemistry Department, Science College, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Herein, the main objective of this research is to design and synthesize a novel optical chemosensor, 2,6-Bis(4-dimethylaminophenyl)-4-(dicyanomethylene)-cyclohexane-1,1-dicarbo-nitrile (BDC), for detection of one of the most significant metal ions Cu(II). This novel fluorescent chemosensor exhibits unique optical properties with large Stokes shift (about 170 nm) approximately. The fluorescence and UV–vis absorption performance among the BDC probe and Cu(II) ions were examined in 1:9 (v/v) methanol–HEPES buffer (pH = 7.2) solution. Also, BDC displays high selectivity for Cu(II) concerning other cations. Moreover, this probe provides high selectivity and sensitivity based on their fluorescence properties and recognition abilities within a detection limit of the Cu(II) contents (LOD 2.3 x 10−7 M). The suggested mechanism of BDC sensor is attributed to the chelation process with Cu(II), to establish a 1:1 metal-ligand ratio complex with a binding constant (Kbind = 7.16 x 104 M−1). The detection process is accompanied by quenching the main emission peak of the BDC at 571 nm. All the experimental data were collected to investigate the effects of several important parameters such as reversibility and the concentration limits. Besides, we study the interference of various metal ions on selectivity and detection capacity of this significant Cu (II) ion. This novel chemosensor shows ultrasensitive, fast tracing of Cu(II) in the physiological pH range (pH 7.2) and therefore may propose a novel promising method for the investigation of the biological functions of Cu(II) in living cells.

International Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2019

8 pages

Pag 260


In silico, In Vitro and docking applications for some novel complexes

derived from new quinoline derivatives

Ibrahim A.I. Ali a, Sahar S.A. El-Sakka b, *, Mohamed H.A. Soliman b, Omayma E.A. Mohamed c

a Suez Canal University, Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Ismailia, Egypt

b Suez University, Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Suez, Egypt

c Chemistry Administrations, Suez, Egypt

Abstract

The new quinoline derivatives: 2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-4-carbohydrazide (1), 2-(allyloxy)

quinoline-4-carbohydrizde (2), 1-allyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-4-carbohydrazid (3) and 2-(allyl-

thio)quinoline- 4-carbohydrazide (4) and their Cu(II), Ni(II) and Co(II) complexes were synthesized and

characterized by using elemental analysis (CHNM%), FTIR, UV/Vis, 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectra, DTA,

TGA, magnetic susceptibility and the conductivity of 0.001M in DMSO. The obtained results revealed

the formation of the Cu(II) complexes in the square planar form, meanwhile Ni(II) and Co(II)

complexes as octahedral structure. The FTIR spectra of the synthesized ligands and their complexes

were giving the characteristic stretching vibration bands. The weight loss which appeared in the TG

analysis indicates that there are different types of water molecules in the formed complexes. The

theoretical calculations which are carried out using different computer programs permit proposing

an optimized geometry for the formed complexes. The molecular modeling for the free ligands and

their complexes were evaluated and discussed. The energy of the HOMO and LUMO was calculated

and discussed. The most stable structure of the synthesized compounds was suggested and its

energy was evaluated. The most benefit properties, which play a very important role in drug

synthesis with reference to the surface properties of the compounds, were evaluated and discussed.

The application of the DFT on the target compounds, gave dipole value around 1.73 D. This result

turns out well with the requirement properties of the new drug. Docking the synthesized compounds

with HepG2-code: 5EQG protein; e.g. liver carcinoma cell, gave a promising inhibition in Silico level.

The antimicrobial activity of the target compounds with E. Coli, B. Subtils and Asp. Niger, in Vitro

level, gave promising result. The interaction of the compounds with the microorganisms was tested

in Silico level. E. Coli was used as an example for the target microorganism. The protein used for

docking process was 5C9T.

Journal of Molecular Structure

2019

(1196) 8-32

Pag 261


Smp76, a Scorpine‑Like Peptide Isolated from the Venom of the Scorpion

Scorpio maurus palmatus, with a Potent Antiviral Activity Against Hepatitis C Virus and Dengue Virus

Alaa M. H. El‑Bitar1,2 · Moustafa Sarhan1,2 · Mohamed A. Abdel‑Rahman4 · Veronica

Quintero‑Hernandez5,6 ·Chie Aoki‑Utsubo3 · Mohsen A. Moustafa1 · Lourival D. Possani5

· Hak Hotta2,3

1.Zoology Department, Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityAssiutEgypt

2.Department of MicrobiologyKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan

3.Department of International HealthKobe University Graduate School of Health SciencesKobeJapan

4.Zoology Department, Faculty of ScienceSuez Canal UniversityIsmailiaEgypt

5.Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de BiotecnologíaUniversidad

Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCuernavacaMexico

6.CONACYT-Laboratorio de Ecología Molecular Microbiana, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias

Microbiológicas-Instituto de CienciasBenemérita Universidad Autónoma de PueblaPueblaMexico

Abstract

Growing global viral infections have been a serious public health problem in recent years. This current situation emphasizes the importance of developing more therapeutic antiviral compounds. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and dengue virus (DENV) belong to the Flaviviridae family and are an increasing global health threat. Our previous study reported that the crude venom of Scorpio maurus palmatus possessed anti-HCV and anti-DENV activities in vitro. We report here the characterization of a natural antiviral peptide (scorpion-like peptide Smp76) that prevents HCV and DENV infection. Smp76 was purified from S. m. palmatus venom and contains 76 amino acids with six residues of cysteine. Smp76 antiviral activity was evaluated using a cell culture technique utilizing Huh7it-1, Vero/SLAM, HCV (JFH1, genotype 2a) and DENV (Trinidad 1751, type 2). A potential antiviral activity of Smp76 was detected in culture cells with an approximate IC50 of 0.01 μg/ml. Moreover, Smp76 prevents HCV infection and suppresses secondary infection, by inactivating extra-cellular infectious particles without affecting viral replication. Interestingly, Smp76 is neither toxic nor hemolytic in vitro at a concentration 1000-fold higher than that required for antiviral activity. Conclusively, this report highlights novel anti-HCV and anti-DENV activities of Smp76, which may lay the foundation for developing a new therapeutic intervention against these flaviviruses.

International Journal of Peptide

Research and Therapeutics

2019

Pag 262


Cytotoxic Effects of Smp24 and Smp43 Scorpion Venom Antimicrobial

Peptides on Tumour and Non‑tumour Cell Lines

Ranwa A. Elrayess1,2 · Mahmoud E. Mohallal2 · Yomn M. El‑Shahat2,3 · Hala M. Ebaid2 ·

Keith Miller1 · Peter N. Strong1 · Mohamed A. Abdel‑Rahman2

1 Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK 2 Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt 3 Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt

Abstract

Smp24 and Smp43 are novel cationic AMPs identified from the venom of the Egyptian

scorpion Scorpio maurus palmatus, having potent activity against both Gram-positive and

Gram-negative bacteria as well as fungi. Here we describe cytotoxicity of these peptides

towards three non-tumour cell lines ( CD34+ (hematopoietic stem progenitor from cord

blood), HRECs (human renal epithelial cells) and HACAT (human skin keratinocytes) and

two acute leukaemia cell lines (myeloid (KG1a) and lymphoid (CCRF-CEM) leukaemia cell

lines) using a combination of biochemical and imaging techniques. Smp24 and Smp43 (4–

256 μg/mL) decreased the cell viability (as measured by intracellular ATP) of all cells

tested, although keratinocytes were markedly less sensitive. Cell membrane leakage as

evidenced by the release of lactate dehydrogenase was evident throughout and was

confirmed by scanning electron microscope studies.

International Journal of Peptide

Research and Therapeutics

2019

Pag 263


Cytotoxicity of Nubein6.8 peptide isolated from the snake venom of Naja

nubiae on melanoma and ovarian carcinoma cell lines

Lougin M. Abdel-Ghania, Tarek R. Rahmya, Mohamed M. Tawfikb, Ibtisam Kaziric,Ahlam Al-Obaidic, Edward G. Rowanc, Robin Plevinc, Mohamed A. Abdel-Rahmana,d,∗

a Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt b Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt c Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK d Institute of Biotechnology for Graduate Studies and Research, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, 41522, Egypt

Abstract This study was conducted to examine the cytotoxic effects of Nubein6.8 isolated from the venom of the Egyptian Spitting Cobra Naja nubiae on melanoma (A375) and ovarian carcinoma cell lines and to reveal its mode of action. The size of Nubein6.8 (6801.8 Da) and its N-terminal sequence are similar to cytotoxins purified from the venom of other spitting cobras. Nubein6.8 showed a high significant cytotoxic effect on A375 cell line and moderate effect on A2780. A clonogenic assay showed that Nubein6.8 has a significant long-term potency on A375 cell survival when compared to A2780. The molecular intracellular signaling pathways of Nubein6.8 have been investigated using Western blotting analysis, flow cytometry, and microscale protein labeling. This data revealed that Nubein6.8 has DNA damaging effects and the ability to activate apoptosis in both tumor cell lines. Cellular uptake recordings revealed that the labeled-Nubein6.8 was intracellularly present in A375 cells while A2780 displayed resistance against it. SEM examination showed that Nubein6.8 was found to have high accessibility to malignant melanoma cells. The apoptotic effect of Nubein6.8 was confirmed by TEM examination that revealed many evident characteristics for Nubein6.8 apoptotic efficacy on A375 cell sections. Also, TEM reflected many resistant characteristics that faced Nubein6.8 acquisition through ovarian carcinoma cell sections. Accordingly, the snake venom peptide of Nubein6.8 is a promising template for developing potential cytotoxic agents targeting human melanoma and ovarian carcinoma.

Toxicon

2019

(168) 22–31

Pag 264


Novel gold and silver-Sarcophine complexes as antitumor agents against

MCF7 and HepG2 cells: Synthesis, characterization, in Silico, in Vitro and

docking studies

Adel S. Orabia*

, Kholoud M.M. Abou El-Noura, Safwat A. Ahmed

b, Abdullah I. El-Falouji

c

a Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismaillia 41522, Egypt

b Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismaillia 41522, Egypt

c Institute of Biotechnology for Post Graduate Studies and Research, Suez Canal University, Egypt

Abstract

The new Au(III) and Ag(I)Sarcophine complexes were synthesized at ambient conditions. The formed

complexes were characterized by using elemental analysis (CHN%), FTIR, UV/Vis, Mass, NMR

spectra, DTA, TGA and the conductivity of 0.001 M in DMSO. The obtained results revealed the

formation of the Au(III) complexes in the form [AuLCl2]Cl.H2O,meanwhile Ag(I) complex as

[AgL(H2O)2]NO3 (where L=Sarcophine ligand). The FTIR spectra of the Sarcophine ligand and its

complexes were gave the disappearance of the stretching vibration of the epoxy ring in the formed

complexes. The weight loss which appeared in the TG analysis indicates that, there is one molecule

of water in Au(III) complex and two molecules in Ag(I) complex complexes. The DTA analysis

showed that, the H2Omolecule in the Au(III) complex from the type of crystallization meanwhile in

Ag(I), from the type of coordination. The theoretical calculations which carried out using different

computer programs permit proposing an optimized geometry for the formed complexes. The

molecular modelling for the free ligand and its complexes were evaluated and discussed. The energy

of the HOMO and LUMO was calculated and discussed. The most stable structure of the synthesized

compounds was suggested and evaluated its energy. The cytotoxic activity of the complexes against

HepG2 (human liver carcinoma) and MCF7 (human breast carcinoma) cell lines was recognized and

reported. The in vitro effects of the synthesized complexes on DNA were studied. Different

concentrations of Au(III) and Ag(I) Sarcophine complexes were added to plasmid DNA followed by

the electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The results revealed that, the Ag(I)-Sarcophine complex has

a higher binding affinity towards double stranded DNA. Moreover, further substantiation of the

results was done through docking studies of the new complexes with human telomeric DNA G-

quadruplex, HepG2 andMCF7 cell lines. The obtained complexes were enhanced the Sarcophine

anticancer activity with respect to the HepG2 and MCF7 cell lines..

Journal of Molecular Liquids

2019

(273) 559–575

Pag 265


Solvent extraction of thorium (IV) from chloride solution using Schiff base

and its application for spectrophotometric determination

Mohamed F. Cheiraa, Adel S. Orabi

b , Mohamed A. Hassanin

a , Sami M. Hassan

b

a Nuclear Materials Auth o rity, P.O. Box 530 El Maadi, Cairo, Egypt

b Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Egypt

Abstract

Thorium (IV) was separated from chloride medium by solvent extraction with Schiff base

chelating agent, (E)-4-(2-hydroxyphenyl imino) pentane-2-one (AcPh) that was prepared

and characterized by FT-IR, 1 H NMR, and elemental analysis. The extraction step was

studied with regard to experimental parameters such as diluent type, pH, AcPh

concentration, A:O ratio, contact time, temperature and interference of diverse ions on the

recovery of thorium ion. The thorium (IV) was then back-extracted into aqueous media

containing 0.5 M HNO 3 to study the stripping conditions that were A:O ratio, contact

time and room temperature. The optimum parameters were applied in the studied sample

solution for the spectrophotometric determination at 540 nm with Thoron I. The accu-

racy of the developed method was tested with B2 standard reference material.

Furthermore, the proposed method was successfully applied for the spectrophotometric

determination of thorium ions in the geologic sample with good accuracy and precision.

Chemical Data Collections

2018

(13) 84–103

Pag 266


Solvent Extraction and Separation of Thorium(IV) from Chloride Media by a

Schiff Bas

Mohamed F. Cheira1 • Adel S. Orabi

2 • Bahig M. Atia

1 • Sami M. Hassan

2

1Nuclear Materials Authority, El Maadi, P.O. Box 530, Cairo, Egypt Chemistry

2 Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract The Schiff base extractant, (E)-4-(2-hydroxyethylimino)pentan-2-one (AcEt), for thorium(IV)

ions was characterized in methylene chloride in chloride media. Analyses of the

conventional log10 D versus pH and versus log10 thorium ion concentration plots of the

extraction equilibrium data reveal that the thorium(IV) ions were extracted as a complex

that is characterized by having one ionizable hydrogen ion and a metal:ligand ratio of 1:1.

The effects of contact time, A:O phase ratio and temperature on the extraction and

stripping were studied. Extraction and stripping isotherms were constructed to determine

the theoretical stages of the extraction and stripping processes. The thermodynamic

parameters Gibbs energy (DG°), enthalpy (DH°) and entropy (DS°) changes associated

with the extraction processes were evaluated. Finally, the optimum parameters of solvent

extraction were applied to a chloride leach liquor

J Solution Chem

2018

(47) 611–633

Pag 267


Evaluation of the effects of the green nanoparticles zinc oxide on

monosodium glutamate-induced toxicity in the brain of rats

Reham Z. Hamza

1,2, Fawziah A. Al-Salmi

2, and Nahla S. El-Shenawy

3

1 Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt 2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia 3 Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Background. Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is used extensively as a food additive in the diets of many countries around the world. Aim of the study. Our aim was to determine the effects of green zinc oxide nanoparticles on MSG-induced oxidative damage, neurotransmitter changes, and histopathological alternation in the cerebral cortexes of rats. Methods. MSG was administered orally at two doses of 6 and 17.5 mg/kg body weight. The higher dose was associated with a significant decline in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, as well as the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glutathione (GSH) in the cerebral cortex of rats. Results. The administration of zinc oxide nanoparticles/green tea extract (ZnO NPs/GTE) to 17.5 mg/kg MSG-treated rats was associated with significant improve-ments in all parameters previously shown to be altered by MSG. The higher dose of MSG induced significant histopathological variation in brain tissue. Co-treatment of rats with ZnO NPs/GTE and MSG-HD inhibited the reduction of neurotransmitters and acetylcholinesterase by MSG. Conclusions. ZnO NPs/GTE have the potential to protect against oxidative stress and neuronal necrosis induced by MSG-HD. ZnO NPs/GTE conferred a greater benefit than the control treatment or ZnO NPs or GTE administered separately.

PeerJ

2019 7:e7460

Pag 268


Protective Effect of L-cysteine Against Sodium Valproate-induced Oxidant

Injury in Testis of Rats

1Fawziah A. Al-Salmi,

1Rasha Al-Eisa,

1,2Reham Z. Hamza,

3Howayda E. Khaled and

4Nahla

S. El-Shenawy 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Taif University 888, Taif, Saudi Arabia

2Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt

3Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt

4Department of Zoology , Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt

Abstract

Purpose: Sodium valproate (SV) is a medication that is primarily used to treat epilepsy and

to prevent migraine headaches. We used L-cysteine (LC) to reduce the oxidative stress

and biochemical alterations induced by SV treatment. This study investigated the

defensive actions of LC versus SV that induced testicular impairment.

Methods: The Wistar rats were divided into six groups (n=10) as following: 1st

control

animals were treated with saline, 2nd

and 3rd

groups were treated with two doses of SV (100

and 500 mg/kg BW) presenting low and high doses, respectively, 4th

group was treated

with 100 mg/kg of LC, in addition 5th

and 6th

groups were treated with SV-LD + LC and SV-

HD + LC, respectively. All the groups were treated orally for 30 successive days. Weights

of the testis, serum testosterone, testicular oxidative/antioxidant capacity and

histopathological damage scores of testis were recorded.

Results: The SV group had significantly elevated the degree of tissue oxidative stress

markers and significantly decline all antioxidant enzymes activities as compared to the

control group. In both groups of SV-LD + LC and SV-HD + LC, levels of oxidative stress

significantly declined, as well as enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant significantly

elevation compared to the SV-LD and SV-HD groups. The Johnsen's testicular biopsy

score values showed the improvement when LC was co-treated with the SV.

Conclusion: Our results indicated that LC has partial protective effects against SV-induced

testis damage at the biochemical and histopathological levels that could be due to the

enhanced tissue antioxidant capacity.

International Journal of Pharmacology 2019 (15) 248-256

Pag 269


Evaluation of the effect of Nanoparticles Zinc Oxide/ Camellia sinensis

Complex on the kidney of rats treated with Monosodium Glutamate:

Antioxidant and Histological Approaches

Nahla S. El-Shenawy1*

, Reham Z. Hamza2,3

, Fawziah A. Al-Salmi2 and Rasha A. Al-Eisa

2

1Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt;

2Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia;

3Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt

Abstract

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are robustly used biomedicine. Moreover, no study

had been conducted to explore the consequence of green synthesis of ZnO NPs with

Camellia sinensis (green tea extract, GTE) on kidneys of rats treated with monosodium

glutamate (MSG). Therefore, the objective of the research was designed to explore the

possible defensive effect of GTE / ZnO NPs against MSG-induced renal stress was

investigated at redox and histopathological points. The levels of urea and creatinine

increase as the effect of high dose of MSG, in addition, the myeloperoxidase and xanthine

oxidase activates elevated significantly with the high dose of MSG. The levels of non-

enzymatic antioxidants (uric acid, glutathione, and thiol) were decreased sharply in MSG-

treated rats as compared to the normal group. The data displayed that GTE / ZnO NPs

reduced the effects of MSG significantly by reduction of the level peroxidation and

enhancement intracellular antioxidant. These biochemical findings were supported by

histopathology evaluation, which showed minor morphological changes in the kidneys of

rats.

Current Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology 2019 (20) 542-550

Pag 270


The Interaction of Zinc Oxide/Green Tea Extract Complex Nanoparticles

and its Effect on Monosodium Glutamate Toxicity in Liver of Rats

Fawzaih A. Al-Salmi1, Reham Z. Hamza

1,2 and Nahla S. El-Shenawy

3*

1Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia,

2Zoology

Department, Faculty of Science,Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt, 3Zoology Department,

Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522,Egypt

Abstract

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are increasingly utilized in both industrial and medical

applications. Therefore, the study was aimed to investigate the effect one of green

nanoparticle complex (green tea extract/ zinc oxide nanoparticles complex, GTE / ZnO

NPs) on oxidative stress induced by monosodium glutamate (MSG) on the liver of rats.

Wistar male rats (n=64) weighing between 200-250 g were divided randomly into eight

groups: control that was given physiological saline (1 mg/kg), two groups were treated

with two different doses of MSG (MSG-LD, MSG-HD; 6 and 17.5 mg/Kg, respectively), GTE

was given 1 mg/mL, 5th

group was treated with ZnO NPs and 6th

group was treated with

GTE/ ZnO NPs complex while, 7th

and 8th

groups were treated with MSG-LD + GTE / ZnO

NPs complex and MSG-HD + GTE / ZnO NPs complex, respectively. All substances were

given orally for 28 consecutive days. At the end of the study, the liver was homogenized

for measurement of the oxidative stress status and anti-inflammatory biomarkers as well

as histological and transmission alternations. Results showed that the antioxidant

enzymes activity and glutathione level were significantly decreased in MSG groups than

control in a dose-dependent manner. Conversely, the malondialdehyde and inflammatory

cytokines levels were significantly increased in MSG groups than to the control group. The

liver indicated no evidence of alteration in oxidative status, anti-inflammatory and

morphological parameters in GTE, ZnO NPs and GTE / ZnO NPs complex groups. In

conclusion, MSG at both doses caused oxidative stress and inflammation on liver after 28

days of exposure that supported histological analysis and transmission view of hepatic

parenchyma. GTE / ZnO NPs act as partial hepato-protective against MSG.

Current Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology 2019 (20) 465-475

Pag 271


Role of L-carnitine in protection against the cardiac oxidative stress

induced by aspartame in Wistar albino rats

Rasha A Al-Eisa 1, Fawziah A Al-Salmi

1, Reham Z Hamza

1 2, Nahla S El-Shenawy

3

1Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.

2Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.

3Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.

Abstract

Aspartame (ASP) has been used as an alternative to sucrose for diabetics and obese

people worldwide. Co-administration of L-carnitine (LC) with ASP has a protective effect

against the liver and kidney toxicity induced of ASP. The goal of the investigation was to

assess the enhancement of LC effect on the cardiac toxicity caused of ASP. The rats were

divided into 6 groups: control with saline, LC (10 mg/kg), ASP (75 mg/kg), ASP (150

mg/kg), LC with 75 mg/kg of ASP, and LC with 150 mg/kg ASP. The antioxidants were

determined by measuring the activities of myeloperoxidase, xanthine oxidase, superoxide

dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, and by assessing the levels of lipid

peroxidation, total thiols, and glutathione. There was a significant elevation in LPO, in

conjunction with a significant decline in the enzymatic antioxidants superoxide

dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase and the non-enzymatic antioxidants

glutathione and thiols. The cardiac myofibrils were found in a disarrayed pattern in ASP

treated-animals as compared to the control rats. The animals treated with ASP-HD

showed more than one apoptotic cell with a large tail and a small head, and the relaxed

loops of the damaged DNA were extended to form a comet-shaped structure. These

effects may be due to the excessive generation of reactive oxygen species by ASP, which

reduces cardiac function. Co-administration of LC with ASP improved all of the above-

mentioned parameters that were disrupted of ASP alone. This study evidences a

sufficient originality in showing how LC plays a positive role against cardiac toxicity of

ASP.

PLoS One

2018 7;13 (11)

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Al-Eisa+RA&cauthor_id=30403670


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Al-Salmi+FA&cauthor_id=30403670


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Hamza+RZ&cauthor_id=30403670



https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=El-Shenawy+NS&cauthor_id=30403670


Pag 272


Geospatial hazard modeling for the delineation of flash flood-prone zones

in Wadi Dahab basin, Egypt

Sara M. Abuzied*, Basma M. H. Mansour

1Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

This study delineated flash flood hazard zones leading to vast destruction to

infrastructure, property, and loss of life. An integrated approach using remote sensing and

geographic information systems was applied to reveal flash flood-prone zones. The study

approach evaluated topographic, geologic, and hydrologic factors holistically to assess

these hazard zones. The morphometric characteristics of Wadi Dahab sub-basins were

supported by topographic, geologic, and hydrologic information. Data from Shuttle Radar

Terrain Mission and Operational Land Imager imagery were analyzed to characterize

hydrological morphometrics, lithology, soil types, and land use. A Natural Resources

Conservation Service model was selected to calculate runoff depth at ungauged

watersheds. A spatially distributed unit hydrograph was adopted to create the flow time

and runoff velocity. The Flashflood Hazard Model was developed by spatial integration of

all contributing factors. An analytical hierarchy process was adopted for the logic ranking

of the effective factors. The flash flood hazard map classifies Wadi Dahab basin into five

relative hazard zones: very high, high, moderate, low, and very low. The highly hazardous

zones are distributed at the downstream of Wadi Dahab basin corresponding to steep

topography and Precambrian rocks. The hazard map was validated using the flash flood

markers defined from field observations.

Journal of Hydroinformatics 2019

(21) 180-206

Pag 273


Synthesis and Antimicrobial Screening of Some New 4-Methyl-3-acetyl-

Quinoline Scaffolds

El-Sayed El-Tamany1, Ahmed Sayed Radwan

2*, Hassan Ibrahim

1, Hanaa Abd-Allah

1

1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 2 Department of Chemistry, T’urabah University College, University of Taif, Turabha,

Saudi Arabia

Abstract

2-Aminoacetophenone on reaction with ethyl acetoacetate gave 3-acetyl-4-methyl-2-

quinolinone 1 which exists in two tautomeric forms 1a and 1b, when treated with ethyl

chloroacetate followed by hydrazine hydrate gave corresponding hydrazides 4 and 5,

respectively. Hydrazide 4 underwent cyclization on reaction with phenyl isothiocyanate

followed by sodium hydroxide, to give triazole derivative 7. which was treated with

piperidine and/or morpholine in the presence of formaldehyde to give corresponding

triazoles 8 and 9, respectively. In addition, hydrazide 4 underwent cyclization on treatment

with carbon disulfide in basic medium to give potassitun2-(2-(3-acetyl-4-methyl-2-

oxoquinolin-1(2H)-yl)acetyl)hydrazinecarbodithioate 10 which on acidification gave

oxadiazole 11 and on reaction with hydrazine hydrate gave aminotriazole 12. The

synthesized compounds were screened for antimicrobial activity against …

Indian journal of heterocyclic chemistry 2019

157-151 )29(

http://scholar.google.com/scholar?cluster=18071255014749927708&hl=en&oi=scholarr

http://scholar.google.com/scholar?cluster=18071255014749927708&hl=en&oi=scholarr

Pag 274


Design and synthesis of new phthalazine-based derivatives as potential

EGFR inhibitors for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma

Ahmed T.A. Boraeia,a, Hanaa K. Ashoura, El Sayed H. El Tamanya, Nahla Abdelmoatya, Abdullah I. El-Faloujib, Mohamed S. Gomaac

a Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt b Institute of Biotechnology for Postgraduate Studies and Research, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt c Chemistry Department, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Searching for new leads in the battle of cancer will never ends, we herein disclose the design and synthesis of new phthalazine derivatives and their in vitro and in vivo testing for their antiproliferative activity. Phthalazine was selected as a privilege moiety that is incorporated in a big number of anticancer drugs in clinical use or that are still under clinical or preclinical studies. We utilized the drug extension strategy to tailor the designed compounds to fit the EGFR hydrophobic sub pocket and cleft region. The designed phthalazine derivatives was synthesized by linking phthalazine moiety with 1,3,4-oxadiazole-thione and 1,2,4-triazole-thione. Alkylation and glycosylation of the new heterocyclic systems were successfully performed to be used in the drug extension. Coupling of some phthalazine derivatives with different amino acids was also performed to improve the drug selectivity. The synthesized compounds were tested for their antiproliferative activity against cancer cells both in vivo and in vitro. The in vitro activity against hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2 cell line) ranged from 5.7 μg/mL to 43.4 μg/mL. Compounds 31a and 16 were the most active with an IC50 5.7 μg/mL and 7.09 μg/mL, respectively compared to the standard compound doxorubicin (4.0 μg/mL). In vivo, compounds 10 and 16 showed IC50 values 7.25 μg/mL and 7.5 μg/mL, respectively compared to the standard compound cisplatin (IC50 9.0 μg/mL). In silico, testing of the phthalazine derivatives showed that they are good inhibitors for EGFR. The docking studies substantiated compounds 4, 10, 16 and 31a as new lead compounds and identified Arg841 as a key residue in the cleft region for binding stronger inhibitors.

Bioorganic Chemistry

2019 307–293 )85(

Pag 275


Assessment of Eocene, Paleocene and Cretaceous Source Rocks in the

West Feiran Area, Offshore Gulf of Suez, Egypt

3Fattah-Mohamed I. Abdel,

2*, Wan Hasiah Abdullah

1Allah-Zakaria M. Abd

1Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt

2Geology Department, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

3Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

The study area is located in the West Feiran area, offshore Gulf of Suez, Egypt. This gulf is

a well-known petroleum prolific basin that was formed from Late-Oligocene to Early

Miocene times. This study focuses on evaluating the source rocks of Eocene (Thebes

Formation), Paleocene (Esna Formation) and Cretaceous (Sudr, Brown Ls., Matulla, Wata

and Raha formations) of GS 197-2 and WFA-1 wells based on total organic carbon (TOC),

Rock-Eval pyrolysis, vitrinite reflectance (VR), and seismic data. In this study, Thebes,

Sudr and Brown Ls. are considered to have fair to very good TOC (up to 4.05 wt.%) that are

characterized by Type II kerogen (mainly oil-prone) and mixed Type II/III kerogen (swamp

oil and gas- prone), but haven't reach the peak of hydrocarbon generation at present depth

of GS 197-2 well. On the other hand, Esna, Matulla, Wata and Raha formations have

relatively lower TOC (only up to 1.15 wt.%). For these formations the quality of the organic

matter is represented by mixed Type II/III and Type III kerogen (mainly gas-prone), but have

reached the maturation and generation stages in both wells with the presence of

indigenous hydrocarbons detected. Depth-structure maps of these source rocks based on

seismic data interpretation indicate that the mature source rocks located in the NW

direction are so much deeper than the others in the study area. Understanding regional

variations of Eocene, Paleocene and Cretaceous source-rock maturities which largely

depend on burial depth will help to reduce the risk for future exploration drilling within the

Gulf of Suez.

Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 2019

772-756 )180(

Pag 276


Novel Conducting PVA/Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) Nanocomposite for

High Anti-Electromagnetic Wave Performance

* Shamy-Ahmed Gamal El

Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Novel conductive PVA/CQDs nanocomposite films were synthesized through the casting

technique for the electromagnetic (EM) wave protection at microwave band.. The surface

morphology, thermal and mechanical properties were briefly studied. The SEM micrograph

showed an excellent distribution, dispersion and a high adhesion property of the CQDs in

the PVA chains. Also, DSC analysis showed an increase in the

from 83.2 oC for fresh PVA to 95.4

oC for 8 wt.% of CQD and the increase in melting

temperature from 215 oC for fresh PVA to 227.7

oC for the same CQDs concentration. It

was found that Young’s modulus is directly proportional to CQD nano-particles

concentration in the nano-composites from 0.14 GPa for fresh PVA to 4.48 GPa for 8 wt.%

of CQDs. It was found that the strength at break increases, but the elongation declines

with the increase of CQDs nano-particles. The EM shielding effectiveness (SE) of

(PVA/CQDs) nanocomposite is measured in the microwave frequency range, and it is

found around 36.8 dB with the CQDs concentration (8 wt.%). Finally, the PVA/CQDs nano-

composite is of promising potential applications in electronics and microwave devices at

an affordable cost.

Journal of alloys and compounds 2019

151940 )108(

Pag 277


Composite (PVA/Cu nano) films: Two Yield Points, Embedding mechanism

and Thermal properties

Ahmed gamal El-Shamy *


Abstract

Direct embedding of Cu nanoparticles into the PVA surface is detected by AFM and a fresh

embedding mechanism submitted via the change of the annealing temperatures (Tannealing).

When the Tannealing goes above the glass transition temperature of PVA, Cu nanoparticles

are rapidly sinked by a thin wetting layer of PVA. In order to it makes capillary pressure on

a Cu nanoparticles, suggested, this wetting layer is accountable for Cu embedding. Also,

study of the thermal and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites during the

embedding of Cu into the PVA. The XRD patterns show that the presence of the Cu

nanoparticles in the PVA matrix. The DSC studies show an increase in the glass

temperature (Tg) from 344.4 K for the green PVA to 354.2 K for the annealing temperature

423 K. Also shows two melting points for the composites (PVA/Cu nano) with thermal

annealing temperature below the glass temperature (Tg) and one melting point with

annealing above the glass temperature (Tg). The study shows that Young’s modulus (Y)

increases with increasing the thermal annealing temperatures from 0.20x109 Pa for the

green PVA to 3.75x109 Pa for the annealing temperature 423 K. In addition to, the strength

at the break increases, while the elongation at break decreases with increasing the thermal

annealing temperatures.

Progress in Organic Coatings

2019

259–252 )127(

Pag 278


New free-standing and flexible PVA/Carbon quantum dots (CQDs)

nanocomposite films with promising power factor and thermoelectric

power applications

Ahmed Gamal El-Shamy∗


Abstract

Recently, flexible nanocomposite thermoelectric materials, especially inorganic polymers,

have attracted increasing attention. In this paper, we successfully fabricated novel P-type

thermoelectric PVA/CQDs nanocomposite films through the solution casting technique.

Zero-dimension CQDs nanoparticles were first prepared by the microwave heating method

and then injected into the PVA matrix to achieve free-standing films. PVA/CQDs

nanocomposite films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission

electron microscopy (TEM). Thermoelectric properties such as electrical conductivity,

Seebeck coefficient, and thermal conductivity of the prepared films were studied. XRD

patterns showed the effect of CQDs nanoparticles on the crystallinity of the

nanocomposite. The average size of CQDs nanoparticles was found to be 4.5 nm. The

PVA/CQDs nanocomposite has a high conductivity (30.3 S/cm), an excellent power factor

(15.2 μW/m K2), and a high figure of merit (0.005) with CQDs content of 2 wt%. Finally,

these nanocomposites have a promising potential application in thermoelectric devices

because they are economical and easy to scale up.

Materials Science in Semiconductor

Processing

2019

254–245 )100(

Pag 279


Simple processed semi-transparent Schottky diode based on PMMA-

MWCNTs nanocomposite for new generation of optoelectronics

Ahmed M. Nawara,b,⁎, Ahmed M. El-Mahalawya,⁎⁎

a Thin Films Laboratory, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, 41522, Ismailia, Egypt b Physics Department, Faculty of Science and Arts (AlMikhwah), AlBaha University,

AlBaha, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Herein, a semi-transparent Schottky diode based on poly (methyl methacrylate), PMMA,

doped multiwall carbon nanotubes, MWCNTs/FTO is fabricated by a convective self-

assembly method. The analyzed spectrophotometric optical transmittance profile of

FTO/PMMA-MWCNTs/carbon device showed its maximum transparency of 62% at

wavelength ~ 472 nm. The values of direct as well as indirect energy gap are calculated by

using absorption spectrum fitting (ASF) method and found to be in semiconducting range

with values ~ 3.21, and 2.78 eV, respectively. The estimated microelectronic parameters of

FTO/PMMA-MWCNTs/carbon device has an ideality factor equal to one (n=1) and barrier

height alters between 0.63 and 0.75 eV. The highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) that

is achieved by the present architecture is about 5.64% at 12 mW/cm2. The fabricated FTO/

PMMA-MWCNTs/carbon shows a Schottky and photovoltaic characteristics with

semitransparency properties in the visible region.

Synthetic Metals

2019

116115-116102 )255(

Pag 280


Structural and optical characteristics of nickel bis(acetylacetonate) thin

films as a buffer layer for optoelectronic applications

Ahmed M. El-Mahalawy

Thin Films Laboratory, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University,

41522, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Due to the insisted requirement for low cost and a nontoxic buffer layer for the most of

optoelectronic applications, optical properties of nickel bis(acetylacetonate), Ni(acac)2, are examined

for this prospect. This research represents a deep investigation of the linear and nonlinear optical

properties of thermally evaporated Ni(acac)2 thin films accompanied by structural and morphological

characterization. The thermogravimetric thermogram revealed the stability of Ni(acac)2 up to 461 K.

The structural properties of the deposited film are investigated using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and

high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The XRD and HRTEM results revealed

the polycrystalline nature of as-deposited film with [100] preferred orientation and average crystallite

size about 108 nm. Furthermore, both atomic force microscopy, AFM, and field emission scanning

electron microscopy, FESEM, are employed to inspect the surface topography of the prepared film.

In addition, the spectrophotometric method is utilized for evaluating the linear and nonlinear optical

constants of the prepared films. The dispersive parameters of Ni(acac)2 is determined and analyzed

in the point of view of the single oscillator model. The wide band gap (Eg ~3.6 eV), high transparency

and the small value of Urbach energy (Eu ~76 meV) qualify this material to be utilized as a buffer

layer. The nonlinear optical parameters of the fabricated film such as nonlinear refractive index and

third order optical susceptibility are estimated. Both molecular polarizability and the optical

electronegativity of Ni(acac)2 thin film is calculated and found to be 3.18 Å3 and 1.98, respectively.

The obtained results give the opportunity to nickel acetylacetonate for buffering most of the

commercial optoelectronic applications.

Materials Science in Semiconductor

Processing

2019

158–145 )100(

Pag 281


Effect of thermal annealing on structural, linear and nonlinear optical

properties of 1, 4, 5, 8-naphthalene tetracarboxylic dianhydride thin films

H. Abdel-Khalek a, E. Shalaan a, b, Mohamed Abd- El Salam a, Aida M. El-Sagheer a, c, Ahmed M. El-Mahalawy a, *

a Thin Film Laboratory, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt b Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia c College of Applied Medical Sciences in Jubail, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Saudi

Arabia

Abstract

This study represents a detailed investigation of the influence of post-deposition

annealing on structural, morphological and optical properties of 1, 4, 5, 8-naphthalene

tetracarboxylic dianhydride, NTCDA, thin films. NTCDA thin films were prepared at room

temperature by the thermal evaporation technique. The prepared films were annealed at

373 K and 473 K for 2 h in a vacuum. The results of TGA proved that NTCDA is thermally

stable up to 519 K. The X-ray diffraction technique (XRD) was used to investigate the

crystal structure of NTCDA powder and thin films. Polycrystalline films were obtained with

a preferred orientation in the [100] direction along (h00) zone axis. The negation of the

decomposition of NTCDA molecular structure during preparation and/or annealing

required employing Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR) technique. The topological

properties characterization of as-deposited and annealed NTCDA thin films surfaces

concluded that the annealing process induced an enhancement in the film smoothness.

The annealing process resulted in significant variations in the optical constants of the

NTCDA films. The indirect energy gap values decreased from 3.52 eV to 3.48 eV as a result

of annealing up to 473 K. The nonlinear optical effects represented by the nonlinear

refractive index, n2 and third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility χ (3)

were determined.

The nonlinear properties of NTCDA showed a magnificent switching behavior, which

suggested the ability to use NTCDA in optical switching devices.

Journal of Molecular Structure

2019

419-408 )1178(

Pag 282


The Electrical Conductivity and Dielectric Response of Cupric

Acetylacetonate Thin Films

H. Abdel-khalek,1 mohamed abd-el salam,1 and ahmed m. El-mahalawy1,2

1.—Thin Film Laboratory, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt. 2.—e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

The dielectric behavior and the dark electrical conductivity of cupric acetylacetonate,

Cu(acac)2, thin film were studied under the influence of temperature in the range of 303–

373 K and in the frequency range 42 Hz–5 MHz. The frequency and temperature

dependence of dielectric constant and dielectric loss values was explained in terms of

dielectric polarization theory. The dynamic response of AC conductivity toward the

frequency variation follows Jonscher’s power law. Three distinct regions with different

conduction mechanisms are obtained. The correlated barrier hopping (CBH) model is

adapted to fit the conduction mechanism in the low and high-frequency regions. Both

complex electric modulus and impedance formalisms are employed to interpret the

dielectric characteristics of the Cu(acac)2. It is observed that the non-Debye relaxation

mechanism is the most predominant in Cu(acac)2. The most probable relaxation time

exhibits a temperature dependent behavior that obeys the Arrhenius relation with 0.54 eV

activation energy.

Journal of Electronic Materials

2019

3753 –3736 )48(

Pag 283


Spatial Assessment of the Performance of Multiple High-Resolution

Satellite-Based Precipitation Data Sets over the Middle East

Ahmed M. El Kenawy1,2

, Matthew F. McCabe 3

, Juan I. Lopez-Moreno1

, Yossef Hathal4

, S. M. Robaa5

, Ahmed L. Al

Budeiri4

, Khan Zaib Jadoon6

, Abdou Abouelmagd7

, Ali Eddenjal8

, Fernando Domínguez-Castro1

, Ricardo M.

Trigo9

, Sergio M. Vicente-Serrano1

1Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologia, Zaragoza, Spain

2Department of Geography, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

3Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and

Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia 4Department of Geography, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq

5Dept. of Astronomy, Space Science and Meteorology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

6Department of Civil Engineering, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan

7Department of Geology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt

8DLibyan National Meteorological Center, Tripoli, Libya

9Centro de Geofisica Universidad de Lisboa, Instituto Dom Luiz, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa,

Lisbon, Portugal

Abstract

This study presents the first comprehensive evaluation of the performance of three globally high-resolution remotely sensed products in replicating the main characteristics of rainfall over the Middle East, with special emphasis on extreme wet events. Specifically, we employed daily observational data from a network of rain gauges (N = 217), spanning the retrospective period 1998–2013 and covering six countries in the Middle East (i.e., Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Libya, Saudi Arabia, and Syria), against data derived from three global satellite-based precipitation products: the Version 7 TRMM (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission) Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis 3B42 product (TRMM-3B42), the Climate Prediction Center MORPHing technique (CMORPH), and the Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks (PERSIANN). Alongside a range of conventional statistical error measures (e.g., bias, normalized root-mean-square error [nRMSE] and Spearman’s rho correlation coefficient), this study also gives priority to evaluate the skill of these products in reproducing characteristics of extreme wet events (e.g., frequency, intensity, duration, onset, anomaly). Results demonstrate that TRMM-3B42 generally performs well in estimating rainfall totals during the rainy season (ONDJFMA), with a mean bias of 0.05 mm, nRMSE of 0.15 mm, and Spearman’s rho of 0.74 for the whole Middle East. In contrast, PERSIANN-CDR and CMORPH-BLD underestimate the observed rainfall. Importantly, TRMM-3B42 outperforms other products in reproducing the frequency and intensity of the most extreme wet events, while PERSIANN-CDR and CMORPH-BLD fail to reproduce these key characteristics. Notably, all products perform poorly in reproducing the climatology of the anomalous wet events in the region, indicating that careful scrutiny must be warranted before using these products, particularly for hydrological modelling. Considering the daily resolution of these remotely sensed precipitation products and their reasonable spatial resolution (0.25◦ × 0.25◦) in comparison to available in situ data over the Middle East, results of this work provide a solid scientific reference for national stakeholders and policy makers to decide on the most useful product for their specific applications (e.g., hydrological modelling, stream flow forecasts, water resources management, and hydrometeorological hazard assessment and mitigation).

International Journal of Climatology

2019

2543-2522 )39(

Pag 284


Investigation of structural and magnetic properties of multiferroic La1-

xYxFeO3 Perovskites, prepared by citrate auto-combustion technique

Yehia M. Abbas

a,*, Ahmed B. Mansoura, Shehab E. Alia,

b,*, Ahmed H. Ibrahim

a

a Physics Department, Faculty of Science Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

b ESRF LISA CRG – The European Synchrotron CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France

Abstract

In this work, the structural and magnetic properties of multiferroic La1−xYxFeO3

perovskites, (x=0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25 and 0.30) synthesized through Sol-gel auto-

combustion technique were investigated. The room temperature synchrotron X-ray

diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the all the synthesized samples consisted of the

polycrystalline orthorhombic structure perovskites (space group Pnma), and tolerance

factor confirmed the phase stability of the prepared perovskite system. The Williamson-

Hall plots based on synchrotron XRD data were employed to estimate the average particle

diameter and vary from 18.8 nm to 37.5 nm. For a deeper insight into the crystal structure,

high-resolution transmission microscopy imaging (HRTEM) was performed. The estimated

values of crystallite size from HRTEM and synchrotron XRD data were coincident. Many of

crystallographic parameters and electron density measurements were calculated by

Rietveld refinement of synchrotron XRD data. La1- xYxFeO3 perovskite crystals are canted

antiferromagnets with a weak ferromagnetism at room temperature. Selected Area

Electron Diffraction (SAED) patterns of the investigated samples exhibited spotty ring

patterns, confirming the polycrystalline character. The magnetic properties were gotten

through analyzing the magnetization versus temperature M(T) and M(H) hysteresis loop

which characterized by a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The orthoferrite La1 −

xYxFeO3 crystals are a promising candidate for optical device applications in broad

temperature range and high-power system.

Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 2019

74–66 )482(

Pag 285


Novel gold and silver-Sarcophine complexes as antitumor agents against

MCF7 and HepG2 cells: Synthesis, characterization, in Silico, in Vitro and

docking studies

Adel S.OrabiaKholoud M.M.Abou El-Nour

aSafwat A.Ahmed

bAbdullah I.El-Falouji

c

a Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismaillia 41522, Egypt

b Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismaillia 41522, Egypt

c Institute of Biotechnology for Post Graduate Studies and Research, Suez Canal

University, Egypt

Abstract

The new Au(III) and Ag(I)Sarcophine complexes were synthesized at ambient conditions. The formed

complexes were characterized by using elemental analysis (CHN%), FTIR, UV/Vis, Mass, NMR

spectra, DTA, TGA and the conductivity of 0.001 M in DMSO. The obtained results revealed the

formation of the Au(III) complexes in the form [AuLCl2]Cl.H2O, meanwhile Ag(I) complex as

[AgL(H2O)2]NO3 (where L = Sarcophine ligand). The FTIR spectra of the Sarcophine ligand and its

complexes were gave the disappearance of the stretching vibration of the epoxy ring in the formed

complexes. The weight loss which appeared in the TG analysis indicates that, there is one molecule

of water in Au(III) complex and two molecules in Ag(I) complex complexes. The DTA analysis

showed that, the H2O molecule in the Au(III) complex from the type of crystallization meanwhile in

Ag(I), from the type of coordination. The theoretical calculations which carried out using different

computer programs permit proposing an optimized geometry for the formed complexes.

The molecular modeling for the free ligand and its complexes were evaluated and discussed. The

energy of the HOMO and LUMO was calculated and discussed. The most stable structure of the

synthesized compounds was suggested and evaluated its energy. The cytotoxic activity of the

complexes against HepG2 (human liver carcinoma) and MCF7 (human breast carcinoma) cell lines

was recognized and reported. The in vitro effects of the synthesized complexes on DNA were

studied. Different concentrations of Au(III) and Ag(I) Sarcophine complexes were added to plasmid

DNA followed by the electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The results revealed that, the Ag(I)-

Sarcophine complex has a higher binding affinity towards double stranded DNA. Moreover, further

substantiation of the results was done through docking studies of the new complexes with human

telomeric DNA G-quadruplex, HepG2 and MCF7 cell lines. The obtained complexes were enhanced

the Sarcophine anticancer activity with respect to the HepG2 and MCF7 cell lines.

Journal of Molecular Liquids

2019 575-559 )273(

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016773221833650X#!




https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/elemental-analysis

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/uv-vis-spectroscopy

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/physics-and-astronomy/nmr-spectra

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/physics-and-astronomy/nmr-spectra

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/conductivity

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/stretching-vibration

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/molecular-modeling

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/electrophoretic-mobility-shift-assay

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/kd

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/double-stranded-dna

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/physics-and-astronomy/g-quadruplex

https://www.researchgate.net/journal/0167-7322_Journal_of_Molecular_Liquids

Pag 286


Amelioration of titanium dioxide nanoparticle reprotoxicity by the

antioxidants morin and rutin

Mohamed M. A. Hussein1 & Emad Gad2 & Mona M. Ahmed3 & Ahmed H. Arisha5 &

Hasnaa F. Mahdy2 & Ayman Abdel-Aziz Swelum4,6 & Hammed A. Tukur4 & Islam M.

Saadeldin4,5

1 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519,

Egypt

2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

3 Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig

University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt

4 Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud

University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

5 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519,

Egypt

6 Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519,

Egypt

Abstract

The present study aimed to examine the ameliorative effects of morin and rutin on the reproductive toxicity induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) in male rats. A total of seventy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into seven groups, each comprising ten rats. Nanoreprotoxicity was induced by treating rats with TiO2NPs at a dosage of 300 mg/kg body weight for 30 days. Morin (30 mg/kg body weight) and rutin (100 mg/kg body weight) were co-administered with or without TiO2NPs to rats either individually or combined. Only distilled water was administered to the control group. The results showed that TiO2NPs enhanced oxidative stress, indicated by reduced levels of antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH) in testicular tissues, and increased levels of the lipid peroxidation marker malondialdehyde (MDA). TiO2NPs significantly reduced the levels of sex hormones (testosterone, FSH, and LH), reduced sperm motility, viability, and sperm cell count, and increased sperm abnormalities, in addition to damaging the testicular histological architecture. TiO2NPs resulted in the downregulation of 17β-HSD and the upregulation of proapoptotic gene (Bax) transcripts in the testicular tissues. Conversely, morin and/or rutin had a protective effect on testicular tissue. They effectively counteracted TiO2NP-induced oxidative damage and morphological injury in the testis by conserving the endogenous antioxidant mechanisms and scavenging free radicals. Thus, we suggest that morin and rutin could be used to alleviate the toxicity and oxidative damage associated with TiO2NP intake.

Environmental science and pollution research 2019

29084-29074 )26(

Pag 287


Effect of thermal annealing and aging time on optical properties of alpha-

sexithiophene thin films

H. Abd El-Khalek, Mohamed Abd- El Salam, Fatma M. Amin*

Thin Film Laboratory, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

This research work is dedicated to studying the optical properties of nanocrystalline

alpha-sexithiophene (α-6T) thin films under the influence of thermal annealing. Alpha-

sexithiophene thin films were deposited using thermal evaporation technique. The thermal

treatment showed a significant influence on the structural, morphological and optical

properties of α-6T thin films. The thermal annealing process induced an improvement in

the crystallinity of the fabricated α-6T films as observed in X-ray diffraction patterns and

Scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, the optical properties of films were studied

using spectrophotometric data of transmittance and reflectance. The estimated values of

indirect energy gap were 2.00 eV and 1.96 eV at 298K and 423K, respectively. The

nonlinear optical susceptibility χ (3)

was calculated at different temperatures. Finally, aging

effect on the optical properties is discussed. The results show that the indirect band gap

does not change with the aging time, this reflects the stability of α-6T prepared films.

Optical Materials

2019 109241–109234 )95(

Pag 288


Fabrication and characterization of dual-band organic/inorganic

photodetector for optoelectronic applications

H. Abd El-Khalek, Mohamed Abd- El Salam, Fatma M. Amin∗

Thin Film Laboratory, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University,

Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

In this work, the optoelectronic performance of organic/inorganic heterojunction

photodiode based on alpha-sexithiophene (α-6T/n-Si) is introduced. A thin film of α-6T was

deposited on the n-type silicon substrate by a thermal evaporation technique. The

topographical properties of the α-6T thin film grown on the n-Si substrate were

investigated using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) technique. A

network of nanocrystalline needles over the film surface was observed which give rise to

an improvement in the electric charge transport. The optical properties of the prepared

thin film were investigated using a spectrophotometric technique. The high absorption of

α-6T in UV and visible region suggested the ability of this architecture for UV and visible

light detection. The I-V characteristics of the fabricated photodiode were investigated in

dark and under different illumination intensities and different wavelengths. The present

architecture showed a good response to halogen lamb light, where the estimated values of

rising and falling time at 160 mW/cm2 were about 400 ms and 450 ms, respectively. The

results show the possibility of using Au/α-6T/n-Si/Al structure as a photodetector for a

wide range of the solar spectrum (UV-Visible).

Current Applied Physics

2019

638–629 )19(

Pag 289


Spatiotemporal trends in freshwater availability in the Red Sea Hills, Saudi

Arabia

Burhan A. Niyazi1,2 & Mohamed Ahmed3,4 & Jalal M. Basahi2 & Milad Z. Masoud1,5 &

Mohamed A. Rashed1,4

1 Water Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80200, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

2 Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Management, Faculty of Meteorology,

Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80208, Jeddah, Saudi

Arabia

3 Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, 6300

Ocean Drive, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA

4 Geology Department, Suez Canal University, PO Box 41522, Ismailia, Egypt

5 Hydrology Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egyp

Abstract

The availability and the future of freshwater resources are major challenges in the Middle East, and a vital issue for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Temporal Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) data along with other datasets are employed to monitor the spatiotemporal trends in freshwater availability over the Red Sea Hills, and to examine natural and anthropogenic factors controlling these trends. Results indicate that the Red Sea Hills are witnessing GRACE-derived terrestrial water storage (TWS) depletion of − 3.92 ± 0.09 km3 . TWS depletions are attributed mainly to decline in annual rainfall amounts during the investigated period (April 2002 to December 2016; 70 mm) compared to that of the previous two decades (1979–2001; 115 mm). Higher TWS depletion rates (− 6.31 ± 0.10 km3 /year) are observed over the central and northern parts of the Red Sea Hills compared to those observed over the southern parts (− 1.89 ± 0.30 km3 /year). The Red Sea Hills witness lower TWS depletion rates (− 1.22 ± 0.51 km3 /year) during the first 4 years of the investigation (April 2002 to August 2006; Period I); higher TWS depletion rates (− 4.31 ± 0.15 km3 /year) are observed during the remaining part of the investigation (September 2006 to January 2017; Period II) due to the temporal variability in annual rainfall amounts (Period I 85 mm; Period II 65 mm). Findings demonstrate the successful use of GRACE data for monitoring freshwater availability in the Red Sea Hills and potential for use in studying freshwater resource availability in other hydrologic systems around the globe.


2018

702 )11(

Pag 290


Adaptive boxcar background filtering for real-time GPR utility detection

Ali Atef1 & Hussein Harbi1,2 & Mohamed Rashed3,4

1 Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Earth Sciences, King Abdulaziz University,

Jeddah 80206, Saudi Arabia

2 Geohazards Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia

3 Water Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia

4 Geology Department, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt

Abstract

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) investigation tools are increasingly used for real-time

detection of underground utilities. Background noise is an annoying problem, because it

sometimes masks the reflection from objects of interest. This study introduces an

efficient background removal algorithm, which is so simple that it can be incorporated

into GPR logging devices. The algorithm is based on the recently published outliers-out

algorithm for stacking seismic data. Experiments conducted on both synthetic and field

GPR data show that proposed background removal algorithm yields much better results

than the commonly used average trace subtraction algorithm in a relatively comparable

computational time.


2018

10: )11(

Pag 291


Sustainable and resilient management scenarios for groundwater

resources of the Red Sea coastal aquifers

Burhan A.Niyaziab

MohamedAhmedcMilad Z.Masoud

adMohamed A.Rashed

aeJalal M.Basahi

b

a Water Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80200, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

b Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Management, Faculty of Meteorology,

Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia c

Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, 6300 Ocean Drive, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA d

Hydrology Department, Desert Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt e Geology Department, Suez Canal University, P.O. Box 41522, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) data, along with readily available

remote sensing datasets and the outputs of land-surface and climate models, are used to

monitor spatiotemporal variabilities in the groundwater resources of the Red Sea Coastal

Aquifer (RSCA) system in Saudi Arabia; to investigate their responses to climate

projections; and to provide sustainable and resilient management scenarios for these

resources. Our results indicate that, during the investigated period (April 2002–June

2017), the RSCA received an average annual recharge of 3.16 ± 0.52 km3. Recharge events

(~16% of rainfall) are related to the observed increase in rainfall rates. Analysis of climate

models' outputs over the RSCA indicates an increase in the median annual rainfall (17–

31%) and recharge rates (2.7–4.9%) by the end of the 21st century. To ensure sustainable

management and utilization of RSCA's water resources, groundwater extraction should

be located in the southern and central parts of the aquifer, and groundwater extraction

rates should be kept lower than 2.0 km3/yr. Findings highlight the importance of GRACE

data as a unique, cost-effective, and decisive tool in monitoring the health of coastal and

inland aquifer systems across the globe.

Science of the Total Environment

2019

10: )11(







Pag 292


Deformed dike swarms as an implication of transpression deformation in

Western Arabian shield, Wadi Fatima, Saudi Arabia

Mohamed I. Matsah1 & Haitham M. Baggazi1 & Abdelhamid El Fakharani1,2 & Mohamed

K. El-Shafei1,3

1 Department of Structural Geology and Remote Sensing, Faculty of Earth Sciences, King

Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80206, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia

2 Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt

3 Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Utilization of satellite images and field observations of dike swarms in pre-Fatima

basement show that these dikes are older than the overlaying Fatima Formation. Dikes

digitization and orientation analysis on satellite images show that the prevailing trend of

the dikes is ENE-WSW. The granitic rocks of pre-Fatima basement and its hosted dikes

expose evidences of completely a different deformation regime from the overlaying

Fatima Formation. These evidences include shearing, dextral shear indicators, isoclinal

folds, deflection and rotation of crystals, mineral elongation, and mylonitic and gneissose

textures. Strain analysis results of using Fry method on quartz and feldspar grains

support the presence of deformation in these ENE-WSW dikes. These results gave a

strain ratio of 2.1:1.3:1, which suggest an amount of 40% stretching in the ENE-WSW

direction parallel to the dike walls, and an amount of 30% shortening in the NNW-SSE

direction. Mesoscopic and microscopic scale structures confirm the existence of dextral

ductile-brittle shearing followed the emplacement of the dikes and before the pure shear

deformation that caused the thrusting and folding of Fatima Formation. This ductile-

brittle deformation is correlated with the dextral transpression that formed the Fatima

Shear Zone (FSZ).


2018

727: )11(

Pag 293


Microstructural analyses of the Najd Fault System in Midyan Terrane, NW

Arabian Shield, Saudi Arabia

Abdelhamid El-Fakharani1,2 · Wadee A. AlKashghari3 · Haitham M. Baggazi1 ·

Mohamed K. El-Shafei1,4 · Mohamed Matsah1

1 Department of Structural Geology and Remote Sensing, Faculty of Earth Sciences, King

Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia


3 Geological Survey Department, Saudi Geological Survey, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

4 Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egyp

Abstract

This article discusses the microstructural indicators exposed within the Precambrian Ajjaj–Qazaz–Hanabiq (AQH) shear zones in order to determine the shear sense. The AQH shear zones are located in the southern sector of the Midyan Terrane in the northwestern part of the Arabian Shield. Structural and microfabric analyses along these shear zones indicate a top-to-the-NW sense of shear. Exposures in this area comprise elongated ridges of ophiolitic rocks, arc metavolcanics and sporadic arc-related Neoproterozoic intrusions. They are unconformably overlain by post-amalgamation molasses-type sediments and were fnally intruded by late to post-tectonic intrusions. Structural feld relations along with microfabric analyses and overprinting relationships provide evidence of the sense of movements and phases of deformation. There were at least four phases of deformation. The oldest (Hijaz) D1 structures are rare and are represented by foliation striking WNW to E–W and by F1 interfolial folding with an axial plane striking ENE–WSW and moderately plunging fold axes trending WSW. D2 microstructures are also scarce and represented by foliation and (F2) folding directed in NNW to N–S trends parallel to the Nabitah suture. However, they are commonly deformed and overprinted by the Najd Fault System that formed during the D3 deformational phase. The D3 deformational phase is prominent, and it developed during the propagation of the NW transpressional shearing of the Najd Fault System. These shear zones could be identifed in this region with the help of the following microstructures: sigmoidal structures, mantled porphyroclastic structures, asymmetric boudins, tension gashes, fsh-shaped structures, oblique foliation, bookshelf sliding structures, slickenlines, C–S tectonites and fracturing along the AQH shear zones. Shear sense analysis of microstructural markers at the microscopic scale, supported by feld observations and map-scale structures, implies that both the Ajjaj and Qazaz shear zones display top-to-the-NW or top-to-the-WNW slip. The shear sense indicators along the Hanabiq shear zone show top-to-the-NNE slip. These inconsistencies in their shear sense and their orientations were caused by the exhumation of high-grade gneisses, which distorted the shear trend to the north in the Hanabiq shear zone. All the previous structures are overprinted by the brittle D4 deformational phase in the form of microfaulting and fracturing.

International Journal of Earth

Sciences

2019 316–301: )109(

https://www.springer.com/journal/531/

https://www.springer.com/journal/531/

Pag 294


Tectonic setting and seismicity of the Ras Alsheikh Hamid area, northern

Red Sea, Saudi Arabia

Rabea Haredy1 & Hamdy Aboulela1,2 & Mohamed El-Shafei2,3

1 Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

2 Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

3 Faculty of Earth Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

The Ras Alsheikh Hamid area is located on the northern Red Sea, Saudi Arabia. The area

is characterized by its distinct tectonic setting and intense seismic activity. This study is

a geohazard assessment based on tectonic activity and field studies. Image processing,

seismicity data assessment and field studies are applied in this study. Seismicity ranges

from small to moderate magnitudes, as revealed by the seismologic network. Seismicity

in this study is determined by plotting earthquake epicentres to estimate the magnitude

and the time of their occurrences. The seismicity is recurrently scattered at average

depths from 2 to 35 km within the shallow crust; the seismogenic level of the crust is

responsible for generating records of the detected seismicity. The interpretation of the

entire data set suggests a reconsideration of the tectonic regime associated with seismo-

tectonism. The focal mechanism analysis indicates earthquake development along

oblique-slip faults. The available structural data observed in the exposed rocks are

measured and analysed. Major fault intersections represent zones of weakness and play

a significant role during either palaeo or recent seismogenic activity. Oblique-slip faults

probably developed during a transtensional regime in the Red Sea rift system. The results

of the current study are important for geohazard assessment of the area in future

planning for mega projects.


2019

769: )12(

Pag 295


Northern Arabian Shield shear zones: strain analysis comparison

Haitham M. Baggazi1 & Wadee A. AlKashghari1,2 & Abdelhamid Elfakharani1,3 &

Mohamed Matsah1 & Mohamed K. El-Shafei1,4

1 Structural Geology and Remote Sensing Department, Faculty of Earth Sciences, King

Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80206, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia

2 Geological Survey Department, Saudi Geological Survey, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia



Abstract

Ajjaj-Qazaz-Hanabiq shear zones (AQH-SZ) are ductile to semi-ductile shear zones that are

located within the Midyan terrane in the northwestern part of the Arabian Shield. They

expose Neoproterozoic rock assemblages that comprise an elongated ridge of ophiolitic

rocks, arc-metavolcanics, and contemporary arc-related intrusions. They are

unconformably overlain by the postamalgamation molasses-type sediments and finally

intruded by late- to post-tectonic intrusions. The strain analysis results of the AQH-SZ are

consistent with no significant differences. The average of RsXZ values in the three shears

ranges from 2 to 2.22, while the RsYZ average ranges from 1.7 to 1.9. The average of

stretching in the three shears ranges from 34 to 42%, while the shortening ranges from 33

to 37%. The stretching direction is oriented parallel to the shear trends; WNW directions in

the Ajjaj and Qazaz shear zones, and NNE direction in the Hanabiq shear zone. The change

in direction of stretching is suggested to be due to the exhumation of gneissic cores

which also might have caused the presence of a local dextral sense in Hanabiq shear

zone. Based on the similarity in the strain analysis results and the absence of overprinting

relationships at the conjunction areas of the three shears, it is concluded that the three

shears are one major shear.


2019

75: )12(

Pag 296


Geometric and tectonic analysis of Ad-Damm mega-scale fold: implication

of Neoproterozoic Transpressive Regime in the west-central Arabian

Shield

El-Sawy K. El-Sawy1,2 & Mohamed K. El-Shafei1,3

1 Faculty of Earth Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

2 Geology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Al-Azhar University (Assiut Branch), Assiut,

Egypt

3 Geology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

A mega-scale fold is exposed near Jeddah city in the western-central part of the Arabian

Shield. This fold extends NE for about 35-km long and 12-km width and occupies the

northwestern block of a distinct linear feature known as Ad-Damm Shear Zone. It is

composed essentially of foliated, sheared, and mylonitized metamorphic and plutonic

rocks. Para and ortho-gneisses were an amphibolite facies condition whereas

greenschist facies units were represented by metasedimentary and metavolcanics. Image

processing and field-based structural analysis, in addition to micro structural

investigations of the mega-scale fold, indicating that the ductile dextral-sense of shear

was overprinted by a brittle regime associated with the evolution of Ad-Damm shear

zone. The Ad Dam mega-scale fold is a shearrelated structure, north plunging overturned

anticline. Mylonitization and dextral shear-related structures were developed during a

transpressional regime. The Ad-Damm fold is a structural system that illustrates the

evolution history of the Arabian Shield associated with the development of the NE-

wrench fault. This fault started as an early plastic followed later by a brittle tectonic

regime. The present study indicates that Ad-Damm shear zone and several sub-parallel

dextral shears of NE-trends which located in the western side of the Arabian Shield

represent a conjugate antithetic shear to the NW- trending sinistral shear of the Najd fault

system.


2019

224: )12(

Pag 297


Synthesis, molecular modeling and anti-cancer evaluation of a series of

quinazoline derivatives

Ahmed I. Khodaira,∗ , Mona A. Alsafib, Mohamed S. Nafiec

a Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt b Chemistry Department, College of Science, Taibah University, 1343, Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah, Saudi Arabia c Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, 41522, Ismailia,

Egypt

Abstract

Quinazolines were surveyed as biologically relevant moieties against different cancer cell lines, so in the present study, we analyzed novel derivatives as target-oriented chemotherapeutic anti-cancer drugs. A series of 3-substituted 2-thioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-quinazolin-4-ones 4a-e were synthesized via the reaction of 2-aminobenzoic acid (1) with isothiocyanate derivatives 2a-e. S-alkylation and S-glycosylation were carried via the reaction of 4a-e with alkyl halides and α-glycopyranosyl bromides 7a,b under anhydrous alkaline and glycoside conditions, respectively. The S-alkylated and S-glycosylated structures, and not that of the N-alkylated and N-glycosylated isomers, have been selected for the products. Conformational analysis has been studied by homo- and heteronuclear two-dimensional NMR methods (DQF-COSY, HMQC, and HMBC). The S site of alkylation and glycosylation were determined from the 1H, 13C heteronuclear multiple-quantum coherence (HMQC) experiments. All derivatives were subjected to molecular docking calculations, which selected some derivatives (5n, 8c, 8g, 9c, and 9a) as promising ones based on their excellent binding affinities towards the EGFR tyrosine kinase molecular target. The in vitro cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 and HepG2 cell lines showed effective anti-proliferative activity of the analyzed derivatives with lower IC50 values especially 9a with IC50=2.09 and 2.08 μM against MCF-7 and HepG2, respectively, and their treatments were safe against the normal cell line Gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSC). Moreover, RT-PCR reaction investigated the apoptotic pathway for the compound 9a, which activated the P53 genes and its related genes. So, further work is recommended for developing it as a chemotherapeutic drug.

Carbohydrate Research

2019

107832: )486(

Pag 298


Screening of different drug design tools to predict the mode of action of

steroidal derivatives as anti-cancer agents

Mohamed S. Nafiea, Mohamed A. Tantawyb,c,⁎, Gamal A. Elmgeedb

a Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt b Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt c Stem Cells Lab, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre,

Dokki, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

There is a pressing need to discover and develop novel drugs against cancer. With the new era of bioinformatics, which integrates different aspects, drug development has been tremendously improved. Recently, extensive research was directed towards the rational modification of steroid molecules against different disease especially cancer. Moreover, heterocyclic steroid derivatives have shown a lot of different biological activities such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activities. Molecular docking methods can be used to explore how the steroid derivatives conformations can adopt within the binding sites of specific macromolecular targets involved in cancer progression. We conducted this study to investigate the accuracy of different molecular docking calculations using different steroidal molecular targets, and to define the most accurate one to study the mode of action of steroid derivatives as potential anti-cancer drugs. Our results revealed that the Dock6, PLANTS, AutoDock, GLIDE (SP and XP), and GOLD (ASP, Chemscore, and PLP) software were able to maintain the binding mode of the co-crystallized ligands inside their proteins by achieving RMSD values lower than two. Moreover, molecular docking study revealed that compound 4, and 5 are promising steroidal derivatives as anticancer drugs. Further on, the cytotoxic activity of the selected steroidal derivatives were tested against leukemia cell line using MTT assay. The results revealed that compound 4, and 5 were potential cytotoxic agents against THP-1 cells (IC50s were 44.67 μM, and 46.77 μM, respectively), these results are in agreement with the molecular docking study.

Steroids

2019

108485: )152(

Pag 299


Development of accurate human head models for personalized

electromagnetic dosimetry using deep learning

Essam A. Rashed a,b,c,*, Jose Gomez-Tames a, Akimasa Hirata a,d

a Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan b Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Informatics & Computer Science, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, 11837, Egypt c Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt d Center of Biomedical Physics and Information Technology, Nagoya Institute of

Technology, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan

Abstract

The development of personalized human head models from medical images has become an important topic in the electromagnetic dosimetry field, including the optimization of electrostimulation, safety assessments, etc. Human head models are commonly generated via the segmentation of magnetic resonance images into different anatomical tissues. This process is time consuming and requires special experience for segmenting a relatively large number of tissues. Thus, it is challenging to accurately compute the electric field in different specific brain regions. Recently, deep learning has been applied for the segmentation of the human brain. However, most studies have focused on the segmentation of brain tissue only and little attention has been paid to other tissues, which are considerably important for electromagnetic dosimetry. In this study, we propose a new architecture for a convolutional neural network, named ForkNet, to perform the segmentation of whole human head structures, which is essential for evaluating the electrical field distribution in the brain. The proposed network can be used to generate personalized head models and applied for the evaluation of the electric field in the brain during transcranial magnetic stimulation. Our computational results indicate that the head models generated using the proposed network exhibit strong matching with those created via manual segmentation in an intra-scanner segmentation task.

NeuroImage

2019

116132: )202(

Pag 300


Human Head Skin Thickness Modeling for Electromagnetic Dosimetry

ESSAM A. RASHED 1,2,3, (Member, IEEE), JOSE GOMEZ-TAMES 1, (Member, IEEE),AND

AKIMASA HIRATA 1, (Fellow, IEEE) 1Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan 2Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Informatics & Computer Science, The British University in Egypt, Cairo 11837, Egypt 3Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522,

Egypt

Abstract

In several medical applications as well as human safety evaluation, accurate electromagnetic _eld exposure assessments are required to identify potential side/adverse effects on humans. Computational human models representing anatomy are commonly used to conduct computational dosimetry studies to assess the in situ electric _eld for quantitative evaluation due to a limitation in conventional human models. The limitation in conventional human models was due to a limited model resolution (typically a few millimeters), which is attributable to the original resolution of medical images. In particular, the importance of the skin layer is suggested in the research agenda of the international standardization body for human electromagnetic exposure. In this paper, we propose a novel method to improve the accuracy of human head skin modeling, which is applicable even to conventional models. To demonstrate the effect of skin modeling on the computed in situ electric _eld, computational dosimetry is conducted for uniform magnetic _eld exposure as well as transcranial magnetic stimulation. Computational results indicate that the in situ electric _eld for uniform exposure is marginally in_uenced by the skin thickness and model resolution (up to 5%) for different evaluation metrics used in international safety standards. However, the in situ electric _eld in the skin during transcranial magnetic stimulation and a simulated electrical shaver (non-uniform _eld exposure) was affected by 11%, which may be worth discussing for optimal brain stimulation considering the side effects of unintended exposure.

IEEE Access

2019

46186 - 46176: )7(

Pag 301


Estimation of heat-related morbidity from weather data: A computational

study in three prefectures of Japan over 2013–2018

Sachiko Koderaa, Taku Nishimuraa, Essam A. Rasheda,b,c, Kazuma Hasegawaa, Ichiro

Takeuchid,e,f, Ryusuke Egawag, Akimasa Hirataa,e,f,⁎

a Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan b Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Informatics & Computer Science, The British University in Egypt, Cairo 11837, Egypt c Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt d Department of Computer Science, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan e Center of Biomedical Physics and Information Technology, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan f Frontier Research Institute for Information Science, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan g Cyberscience Center, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan

Abstract

In recent years, the rates of heat-related morbidity and mortality have begun to increase with the

increase in global warming; in this context, it is noteworthy that the number of patients transported

by ambulance in heatrelated cases in Japan reached 95,137 in 2018. The estimation of heat-related

morbidity forms a key factor in proposing and implementing suitable intervention strategies and

ambulance availability and arrangements. Heat-related morbidity is known to be fairly correlated to

metrics related to ambient conditions, thus necessitating the exploration of new metrics to more

accurately estimate morbidity. In this study, we use an integrated computational technique relating

to thermodynamics and thermoregulation to estimate daily peak core temperature elevation and

daily water loss, which are linked to heat-related illnesses, from weather data of three different

prefectures in Japan (Tokyo, Osaka, and Aichi). The correlations of the computed core temperature

elevation and water loss as well as conventional ambient conditions are investigated in terms of

number of patients suffering from heat-related illnesses transported by ambulance from 2013 to

2018. The estimated water loss per the proposed computation yields better correlation with the

number of patients transported by ambulance. In particular, the weight-sum daily water loss for two

to three successive days is found to be an important metric for predicting the number of patients

transported by ambulance. For the same ambient conditions, morbidity is found to decrease to 0.4

owing to heat adaption at the end of summer (60 days) as compared with that at the end of the rainy

season. Thus, the weighted sum of water loss and daily average ambient temperature for successive

days can be used as better metrics than conventional weather data for the application of intervention

strategies and planning of ambulance arrangements for heat-related morbidity.

Environment International

2019

104907: )130(

Pag 302


Comprehensive data analysis for development of custom qRT-PCR miRNA

assay for glioblastoma: a prevalidation study

Eman A Toraih**,1,2, Hoda Y Abdallah1,2, Essam A Rashed3,4, Aya El-Wazir1,2, Mohamed

A Tantawy5 & Manal S Fawzy*,6,7

1Department of Histology & Cell Biology, Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University,


2Center of Excellence of Molecular & Cellular Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

3Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt

4Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Informatics and Computer Science, The British

University in Egypt, Cairo 11837,Egypt

5Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt

6Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal


7Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Aim: Glioblastoma (GB) is one notable example of miRNA-modulated neoplasms. Given its

unique expression signature, proper miRNA profiling can help discriminate between GB

and other types of brain tumors. The current work aimed to develop a more GB-specific

and applicable custom designed quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase

chain reaction (qRT-PCR) miRNA assay. Materials & methods: A comprehensive data

analysis of bioinformatics databases, previous literature and commercially available pre-

designedmiRNA PCR arrayswithin the market. Results: A highly enriched panel of 84

deregulated and GB-specific miRNAs has been developed. Conclusion: After validation of

this newly developed array, it can not only save the researcher’s time and effort, but can

also have a potential diagnostic and/or prognostic role in GB, paving the road toward

personalized medicine.

Epigenomics

2019

380-(4):367

Pag 303


Brain AI: Deep Learning for Brain Stimulation

Essam A. Rashed

Nagoya Institute of Technology The British University in Egypt Suez Canal University

Abstract

A common application for brain stimulation is surgery planning used to identify brain regions before or during resection [1]. In addition, noninvasive brain stimulation has been becoming a common clinical procedure with several applications in the therapy of depression, brain mapping, and rehabilitation. It is typically conducted by generating an electric field in the brain with several coil or electrode designs tailored to application purposes. A widely used method is transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), where a figure-eight coil is located close to the scalp to generate impulsive internal electric field resulting in the stimulation for interrupting patient’s electrophysiological responses according to the target brain region (e.g., finger motion or speech interruption when targeting the hand motor area or Broca’s area, respectively). Then, by observing patient behavior, the coil position is registered when a response is observed, and the target area is identified using anatomical images such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This process is important and requires careful consideration for accurate annotation of brain regions. As the electric field distribution is highly sensitive to inter- and intra-variabilities in patient anatomy, performing computer simulation using the exact patient anatomy (commonly based on MRI) and coil positioning to identify the distribution map of the electrical field in the brain is required in the future for better understanding of the brain mapping. However, the process is timeconsuming and requires several hours in the current clinical paradigm. As shown in Figure 1, several parameters to be considered in the computations such as coil location (red dots on the surface of the scalp), injection current, and coil orientation in the 3-D space (rotation and tilting). Several studies are performed to understand how these parameters are related to the distribution of the induced electric field in different brain regions [2].

IEEE Pulse

2019

5-(4):3

Pag 304


Microwave-accelerated sorption of cationic dyes onto green marine algal

biomass

Ahmed M. Elgarahy1 & Khalid Z. Elwakeel2,3 & Gihan A. Elshoubaky4 & Samya H.

Mohammad1

1 Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt

2 Environmental Science Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said,

Egypt

3 Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

4 Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Monolithic algal green powder (MAGP) was fabricated based on the marine green macroalga Enteromorpha flexuosa. It was scrutinized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), point of zero charge (PHPZC), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area. The ability of Enteromorpha flexuosa to capture both crystal violet (CV) and methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions was evaluated. The influence of variable conditional parameters on CV dye and MB dye batch sorption was investigated. Results showed that percentage removal o 90.3% and 93.4% were obtained under optimum conditions of variables for CV and MB, respectively. Effect of microwave radiation on dye sorption was also appraised. Processing the sorption under microwave irradiation (microwave-enforced sorption, MES) increases mass transfer and a contact time as low as 1 min is sufficient under optimized conditions (exposure time and power) reaching the equilibrium. The reusability of MAGP sorbent was achieved for four cycles of sorption/desorption by using 0.5 M HCl. The ability of MAGP for cationic dyes removal from spiked tap water and petrochemical plant discharge wastewater samples was successfully registered. Ultimately, the displayed data showed a superior and excellent ability of algal powder to be exploited as a green, harmless, and effective sorbent for cationic dye removal.


22722–22704 ):26(

Pag 305


Untapped Sepia Shell–Based Composite for the Sorption of Cationic and

Anionic Dyes

A. M. Elgarahy & K. Z. Elwakeel & G. A. Elshoubaky & S. H. Mohammad

Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

The current research reports an efficient methodology of new sorbent (SSBC) synthesis based on neglected sepia shells for the sequestration of cationic dye (Methylene blue, MB) and an anionic dye (Reactive black 5, RB5) from aqueous solutions. The assynthesized SSBC was produced by reaction of sepia shell powder with urea in the presence of formaldehyde. In the first part of the work, the sorbent was scrutinized by using scanning electron microscopy, energydispersive X-ray analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, and titration (for determining pHPZC). In the second step, the influence of several parameters including pH effect, sorbent dosage, temperature, and ionic strength on the two dyes’ sorption effectiveness was examined. The sorption isotherms and uptake kinetics ere analyzed at the optimum pH. Outlined results showed that the dynamic experimental obtained data followed the Langmuir isotherm profile, while the kinetic profile fitted well to the pseudo-second-order rate equation. Maximum sorption capacities reach up to 0.794 mmol g−1 (254.05 mg g−1) for MB and 0.271 mmol g−1 (269.18 mg g−1) for RB5, at pH 10.5 and 2.3, respectively. By comparing the sorption properties at different temperatures, the endothermic nature of the sorption process was revealed. Sorption processing under microwave irradiation (microwave-enforced sorption, MES) enhanced mass transfer, and a contact time as low as 1 min is sufficient under optimized conditions (exposure time and power) reaching equilibrium, while 2–3 h was necessary for a “simple” sorption. Dye desorption was successfully tested using 0.5 M solutions of NaOH and HCl for the removal of RB5 and MB, respectively. The as-prepared sorbent can be reused for a minimum of 4 cycles of sorption/desorption. Finally, the sorbent was successfully tested on spiked tap water and real industrial wastewater.

Water Air Soil Pollut

2019 230 : 217

Pag 306


A droplet-based gradient microfluidic to monitor and evaluate the growth

of Chlorella vulgaris under different levels of nitrogen and temperatures

Marwa GamalSaadab

AmiraliSelahicMohamed ShafickZoromba

deLailaMekki

fMagdyEl-

BanabNoura S.Dosoky

gDavidNobles

hHesham MohamedShafik

b

a Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA

b Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said 42521, Egypt

c Biomedical Engineering Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA

d Chemical and Materials Engineering Department, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia

e Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said 42521, Egypt

f Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

g Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA

h UTEX Culture Collection of Algae, College of Natural Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712,

USA

Abstract

Algae are potential sources for different industrial products. However, biofuel production

from algae still needs to reach valuable economical approaches. Select algae and

optimize culture conditions considered main challenges for biofuel production.

Traditional batch cultures' techniques are time and labor consuming. PDMS-based

Microfluidics is time-and labor-saving technique with high throughput single cell

analysis. We present gradient-based microfluidics as tools for studying algal growth

under different cultivation conditions. Applying our device provides the opportunity to

generate droplets with different concentrations of medium nutrients' in 200 s which keeps

reagent and time for preparing such solutions using conventional techniques. Chlorella

vulgaris was encapsulated inside uniformly droplets with different NO3−-N concentrations

of 2.46, 6.69, 10.91, and 15.14 mΜ/L. separated devices were exposed to different

temperatures of 20, 27, and 37 °C. The photosynthetic energy conversion for each cell per

droplet was calculated. It was observed that the higher the NO3− concentration, the higher

the growth kinetics. According to the presented results, the optimum nitrate and

temperature conditions were 15.14 mΜ/L and 37 °C. Our device is considered the third

effort for applying a gradient chip in algal biotechnology field. It is unique and simple in

use with high competence results.

Algal Research

2019

44:101657











Pag 307


High-Throughput Screening of Chlorella Vulgaris Growth Kinetics inside a Droplet-Based Microfluidic Device under Irradiance and Nitrate Stress Conditions

Marwa Gamal Saad 1 2

, Noura Sayed Dosoky 3, Muhammad Shuja Khan

4, Mohamed

Shafick Zoromba 5 6

, Laila Mekki 7, Magdy El-Bana

2, David Nobles

8 and Hesham Mohamed

Shafik 2

1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX

77843, USA. [email protected]. 2Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said 42521, Egypt.

[email protected]. 3Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.

[email protected]. 4Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville,

AL 35899, USA. 5Chemical and Materials Engineering Department, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi

Arabia. 6Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Port-Said University, Port Said 42521, Egypt.

7Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.

8UTEX Culture Collection of Algae, College of Natural Sciences, University of Texas at Austin,

Austin, TX 78712, USA.

Abstract

Biodiesel is an eco-friendly renewable fuel that can be derived from microalgae. Maximization of

biomass and lipid productivities are considered the main challenges for algal biodiesel production.

Since conventional batch cultures are time-, space-, and reagent-consuming with many restrictions

to apply many replicates, microfluidic technology has recently emerged as an alternative low-cost

and efficient technology with high throughput repeatability and reproducibility. Different

applications of microfluidic devices in algal biotechnology have been reported, including cell

identification, sorting, trapping, and metabolic screening. In this work, Chlorella vulgaris was

investigated by encapsulating in a simple droplet-based micro-array device at different light

intensities of 20, 80, and 200 µmol/m2/s combined with different nitrate concentrations of 17.6, 8.8,

and 4.4 mM. The growth results for C. vulgaris within microfluidic device were compared to the

conventional batch culture method. In addition, the effect of combined stress of deficiencies in

irradiance and nitrogen availability were studied to illustrate their impact on the metabolic profiling

of microalgae. The results showed that the most optimum favorable culturing conditions

for Chlorella vulgaris growth within the microfluidic channels were 17.6 mM and 80 µmol/m2/s.

Biomolecules

2019

(7):276

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Saad+MG&cauthor_id=31336821



https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Dosoky+NS&cauthor_id=31336821


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Khan+MS&cauthor_id=31336821


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Zoromba+MS&cauthor_id=31336821

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Zoromba+MS&cauthor_id=31336821



https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Mekki+L&cauthor_id=31336821


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=El-Bana+M&cauthor_id=31336821


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Nobles+D&cauthor_id=31336821


https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Shafik+HM&cauthor_id=31336821

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Shafik+HM&cauthor_id=31336821


Pag 308


Integrating geochemical investigations and geospatial assessment to

understand the evolutionary process of hydrochemistry and groundwater

quality in arid areas

Mohamed El Alfy & Talal Alharbi & Basma Mansour

Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

Groundwater is the key for life in arid areas. Aquifer overexploitation and climatic conditions can significantly deteriorate groundwater quality. The Al-Qassim area in central Saudi Arabia is characterized by dense agricultural use and is irrigated mainly by fossil groundwater from the Saq Aquifer. Understanding the area’s hydrochemistry, major factors governing groundwater quality, and alternative uses of the groundwater are the main goals of this study. Groundwater samples were collected and examined for major, minor, and trace elements. Ionic relationships, hydrochemical facies, geospatial distributions, and multivariate analyses were conducted to assess the hydrochemical processes at play. The salinity and nitrate concentrations of the Saq Aquifer’s groundwater were found to increase in the outcrop areas more than the confined areas. The spatial distributions were fragmented by three main factors: (i) modern recharge by relatively brackish water, (ii) irrigation return flow in intensive farming areas, and (iii) overexploitation and draining of deep and relatively saline zones of the aquifer. Seven water types were found representing the alkaline water with a predominance of sulfate–chloride ions and earth alkaline water with a predominance of sulfate and chloride. Mixing between fresh and brackish water, dissolution of mineral phases, silicate weathering, and reverse ion exchange were recognized as the evolutionary processes, while evaporation played a minor role. Cluster analyses characterized the fresh groundwater zone, modern groundwater recharge zone, and anthropogenic influence zone. In the confined areas, nearly all the groundwater was appropriate for domestic use and irrigation. In the outcrop areas, some limitations were found due to unsuitable conditions.

Environ Monit Assess

2018

190: 277

Pag 309


Assessment of drinking water quality along Port Said Canal treatment

plants, Suez Canal corridor, Egypt

Mohamed Helmi Geriesh1 & Basma Mohamed Helmy Mansour1 & Hanaa Farouk1


Abstract

Port Said Canal is one of the man-made Nile branches in Egypt that gain its water supply via the Ismailia Canal. The canal extended parallel to the Suez Canal navigation route providing the surrounding region the necessary drinking and irrigation waters. The water treatment plants along the canal use the surface water as a crude supply without preliminary pre-filtration process, and chlorination is applied in two phases, which may impose some health hazards. The study aims to ensure that the finished water is safe to drink and meet the international drinking water regulations. The public water purification systems in four treatment plants along Port Said Canal were tested for their efficiency and chlorination by-products. Raw and treated waters in these plants were analyzed for organic, toxic, trace, and heavy elements. Flow measurements were implemented at five sections along the main canal course during the summer and the winter seasons. Results indicated that the treated water suffers from low filtering effectiveness and exceeds the drinking water standards for the trihalomethane species. Furthermore, the change of canal flow from influent to effluent conditions during the winter season increases the contaminants’ concentrations. Also, the heavy metal concentrations in the treated water samples from all treatment works were much higher than that of the raw water samples, especially for those higher in suspended particulate matter. The study proposed a better purification system including, sedimentation and gravel pre-filtration combined with slow sand filtration and underground water passage for the elimination of the existing pollution problems.


2019

12: 738

Pag 310


Photoelectrical characteristics of novel Ru(II) complexes based

photodiode

W. A. Farooq1 · Elsayed Elgazzar2 · A. Dere3 · O. Dayan4 · Z. Serbetci5 ·

Abdulkerim Karabulut6 · M. Atif1 · Atif Hanif7

1 Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 2 Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 3 Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey 4 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17100 Çanakkale, Turkey 5 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey 6 Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Sinop University, Sinop, Turkey 7 Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11543, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

The Ru(II) complex was prepared by the reaction of 4-chloro-N-[(E)-(pyridin-2-yl)

methylidene] benzene-1-sulfonamide, [RuCl2(p-cymene)]2 and 2,2′-(pyridine-2,6-diyl)

bis(1H-benzimidazole) compounds by simple chemical technique. Al/ ruthenium(II)

complex/p-Si/Al was characterized by electronic devices and its electrical properties were

studied as photodiode. In dark, the photodiode parameters such as potential barrier 휑

and ideality factor n were investigated from current– voltage (I–V) plot and confirmed by

using Cheung–Cheung and Norde’s models. Under illumination effect, the synthesized

device shows high photosensitivity and the charge carriers increased based on the

trapped state created under the conduction band. It was observed from conductance–

voltage (G–V) and resistance–voltage (Rs–V) measurements that the series resistance Rs

of the diode is decreased dramatically and its conductance G is increased by applied

electric field.

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics

2019

(30) : 5516–5525

Pag 311


Ecohydrographic control on the community structure and vertical

distribution of pelagic Chaetognatha in the Red Sea

Kusum Komal Karati1,2

, Ali M. Al‑Aidaroos3, Reny P. Devassy

3, Mohsen M. El‑Sherbiny

3,4,

Burton H. Jones5

1 Regional Centre Kochi, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Kochi 682018, India

2 Present Address: Centre for Marine Living Resources and Ecology, Kochi 682037, India

3 Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box

80207, Jeddah 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

4 Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt

5 Present Address: Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Red

Sea Research Center (RSRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal

23955‑6900, Saudi Arabia

6 Marine Ecology, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20,

24105 Kiel, Germany

Abstract

The present study details the effects of basin-scale hydrographic characteristics of the Red Sea on

the macroecology of Chaetognatha, a major plankton component in the pelagic realm. The

hydrographic attributes and circulation of the Red Sea as a result of its limited connection with the

northern Indian Ocean make it a unique ecohydrographic region in the world ocean. Here, we aimed

to identify the prime determinants governing the community structure and vertical distribution of the

Cheatognatha in this ecologically significant world ocean basin. The intrusion of Gulf of Aden Water

influenced the Chaetognatha community composition in the south, whereas the overturning

circulation altered their vertical distribution in the north. The existence of hypoxic waters (< 100

μmol kg−1) at mid-depth also influenced their vertical distribution. The detailed evaluation of the

responses of the different life stages of Chaetognatha revealed an increased susceptibility of adult

individuals to hypoxic waters compared to immature stages. Higher oxygen demands of the adults

for the egg and sperm production might have prevented them from inhabiting the oxygen-deficient

mid-depth zones. The carbon and nitrogen content of the Copepoda and Chaetognatha communities

and the quantification of the predation impact of Chaetognatha on Copepoda based on the feeding

rate helped in corroborating the significant trophic link between these two prey–predator taxa. The

observed influences of physical and chemical attributes on the distribution of Chaetognatha can be

used as a model example for the role of the hydrography on the zooplankton community of the Red

Sea.

Marine Biology

2019

166:30

Pag 312


Seasonality and latitudinal variability in the diatom-cyanobacteria

symbiotic relationships in the coastal waters of the Red Sea, Saudi Arabia

Reny P. Devassy1 & Mohsen M. El-Sherbiny

1,2 & Abdulmohsin A. Al-Sofyani

1 & Michael P.

Crosby3 & Ali M. Al-Aidaroos

1

1 Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia 2 Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt 3 Mote Marine Laboratory, Sarasota, FL 34236, USA

Abstract

The seasonal and spatial dynamics of diatom-cyanobacteria associations were observed in the

coastal waters of the Gulf of Aqaba as well as in the northern and central Red Sea, Saudi Arabia.

However, there was an absence of such associated observations in the southern Red Sea. The

heterocystous endosymbiotic cyanobacteria Richelia intracellularis J. Schmidt, 1901 was found

living in association with five centric diatom species, including Rhizosolenia styliformis T.

Brightwell, 1858, Rhizosolenia hebetate Bailey, 1856, Rhizosolenia imbricata Brightwell, 1858,

Guinardia cylindrus (Cleve) Hasle, 1996 and Proboscia alata (Brightwell) Sundström, 1986. All five

diatom species were observed with R. intracellularis in the central Red Sea region, while R.

intracellularis was not found with R. imbricata and P. alata in the other Red Sea regions. The density

of symbiotic diatom cells showed seasonal variations in the northern and central Red Sea, and the

densities were the most conspicuous in these regions compared to the Gulf of Aqaba region. There

was seasonal variation in the percent occurrence of the symbiotic diatoms compared to the

nonsymbiotic diatoms. Symbiotic associations between the diatoms and R. intracellularis were only

evident within the central Red Sea region from April to October. Multiple R. intracellularis trichomes

inside the diatom host cells were common in the central Red Sea, while the other Red Sea regions

showed only single trichomes. The size of the individual trichomes of R. intracellularis growing

inside the host cells was entirely dependent on the size of the respective diatom species (r = 0.781, P

< 0.01). The complete absence of such specific relations in the southern Red Sea reveals the

possibility of different ecological conditions in the region.

Symbiosis

2019

(78) : 215-227


Pag 313


Seasonal modulation of mesoscale processes alters nutrient availability

and plankton communities in the Red Sea

Benjamin Kürtena, Nikolaos D. Zarokanellos

ab, Reny P. Devassyc, Mohsen M.El-Sherbiny

cd, Ulrich

Struckef, Douglas G. Capone

g, Isabelle K. Schulz

a, Ali M. Al-Aidaroos

c, Xabier Irigoien

a, Burton H.

Jonesa

a King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Biological and

Environmental Sciences & Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia b Balearic Islands Coastal Observing and Forecasting System (SOCIB), ParcBit, Edif. Naorte, 07121 Palma de

Mallorca, Spain c King Abdulaziz University, Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, P.O. Box 80207, Jeddah

21589, Saudi Arabia d Suez Canal University, Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt

e Leibniz Institute for Research on Evolution and Biodiversity, Museum of Natural History, Invalidenstraße 43,

10115 Berlin, Germany f Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Earth Sciences, Malteserstraße 74-100, 12249 Berlin, Germany

g University of Southern California, Department of Biological Sciences & Wrigley Institute for Environmental

Studies, 3616 Trousdale Parkway, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0371, United States h AZTI-Tecnalia, Herrera Kaia, 20110 Pasaia, Spain

Abstract

Hydrographic and atmospheric forcing set fundamental constraints on the biogeochemistry of aquatic

ecosystems and manifest in the patterns of nutrient availability and recycling, species composition of

communities, trophic dynamics, and ecosystem metabolism. In the Red Sea, latitudinal gradients in

environmental conditions and primary production have been ascribed to fluctuations in Gulf of Aden Water

inflow, upwelling/mixing, and regenerated nutrient utilization i.e. rapidly recycled nitrogen in upper layers.

However, our understanding of upper layer dynamics and related changes in plankton communities, metabolism

and carbon and nitrogen export is limited. We surmised that stratification and mesoscale eddies modulate the

nutrient availability and taxonomic identity of plankton communities in the Red Sea. Based on remote-sensing

data of sea level anomalies and high resolution in situ measurements (ScanFish) we selected stations for

hydrographic CTD profiles, water sampling (nutrients, seawater oxygen stable isotopes [δ18

OSW]), phytoplankton

and zooplankton collections. In fall 2014, strong stratification subjected the plankton community to an overall

nitrogen and phosphorus shortage. The nutrient deficiency increased numbers of heterotrophic dinoflagellates,

microzooplankton, and diazotrophs (Trichodesmium, diatom-diazotroph associations [DDAs]), albeit largely

decreased phytoplankton and mesozooplankton abundances. In spring 2015, mesoscale eddies increased the

nutrient availability, and the thermohaline characteristics and low δ18

OSW point to the interaction of eddies with

Gulf of Aden Surface Water (GASW). Cyclonic eddies and, most likely, the availability of nutrients associated with

the GASW, increased the abundances of autotrophs (diatoms, Prasinophytes) and supported larger numbers of

zooplankton and their larvae. We demonstrate that the interplay of stratification, advection of Gulf of Aden water

and mesoscale eddies are key elements to better understand changes in plankton community composition,

ecosystem metabolism, and macronutrient export in the Red Sea in space and time.

Progress in Oceanography

2019

(173) : 238–255














Pag 314


A preliminary assessment of potential ecological risk and soil

contamination by heavy metals around a cement factory, western Saudi

Arabia

Mohsen M. El-Sherbiny*, Ali I. Ismail, Mohamed E. EL-Hefnawy

Mohsen M. El-Sherbiny, Marine Biology Department, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Marine Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41552, Egypt, E-mail: [email protected] Ali I. Ismail, Mohamed E. EL-Hefnawy, Department of Chemistry, Rabigh College of Science and Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia Mohamed E. EL-Hefnawy, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt

Abstract

Twenty surface soil samples (0-10 cm) and shoots of a perennial shrub Zygophyllum

coccineum L. were collected around a cement factory on the western coast of Saudi

Arabia, in order to assess concentrations of some heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn).

The most noticeable among all heavy metals was Pb that showed an average

concentration of 460.15±86.60 μg g-1

followed by Cr (138.67±30.89 μg g-1

), Zn (54.41±43.79

μg g-1

), Ni (41.22±12.60 μg g-1

) and Cu (33.48±12.52 μg g-1

). Based on biological

concentration factor analysis, Z. coccineum can be considered as an accumulator only for

zinc (BCF >1). Estimation of various ecological contamination factors revealed the

significant impact of Pb in the environmental pollution in the region. It is also understood

that the primary contribution to the ecological risk index (RI) mainly originated from

various anthropogenic influences such as industrialization and urbanization. The different

statistical analysis further revealed the potential effect of soil characteristics on the

occurrence and dispersal of heavy metals in the study area.

Open Chemistry

2019

(17) : 671–684


Pag 315


Descriptions of the first zoeas of ten xanthid crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda:

Xanthoidea) from the Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea

Ahmed E. Al-Haj1, A.A.J. Kumar*

2, Mohsen M. El-Sherbiny

2,3, Abdulmohsin Al-Sofyani

2,

Michael P. Crosby4 & Ali M. Al-Aidaroos

2

1Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Environment Sciences and Marine Biology,

Hadhramout University, Mukalla, Yemen 2Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University,

Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia 3Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522,

Egypt 4Mote Marine Laboratory and Aquarium, Sarasota, FL 34236, USA

Abstract

Ovigerous females of 10 species of xanthid crabs (Xanthidae MacLeay, 1838), from five

subfamilies, namely, Pseudoliomera speciosa (Dana, 1852) (Actaeinae), Chlorodiella

cytherea (Dana, 1852), Chl. laevissima (Dana, 1852), Chl. nigra (Forskål, 1775), Cyclodius

granulosus (De Man, 1888) (Chlorodiellinae), Danielea noelensis (Ward, 1942)

(Euxanthinae), Liomera rugata (H. Milne Edwards, 1834), Lio. tristis (Dana, 1852)

(Liomerinae), Lachnopodus subacutus (Stimpson, 1858) and Leptodius sanguineus (H.

Milne Edwards, 1834) (Xanthinae), were collected from the Gulf of Aqaba, and the zoea I

obtained from them have been described herein. Six species, viz. Chl. cytherea, Chl.

laevissima, Cyc. granulosus, Lio .rugata, Lio. tristis and Lep. sanguineus, are described

for the first time, and Lac. subacutus and D. noelensis are redescribed. Spinulations of

dorsal and rostral spines of cephalothorax, length of rostral spine of cephalothorax to

protopod of antenna, setations of antennule, ratio of antennal exopod to protopod and

setations of exopod of antenna are important characters that distinguish xanthid larvae

from their congeners and other closely related species at subfamilial levels.

Zootaxa

2019

(3) : 301–345

Pag 316


Morphology of the complete larval stages of Portunus segnis (Forskål,

1775) (Crustacea: Brachyura: Portunidae) from the Gulf of Aqaba, Saudi

Arabia

Ali M. Al-Aidaroos

1, A.A.J. Kumar

1, Ahmed E. Al-Haj

2, Abdulmohsin Al-Sofyani

1, Michael P.

Crosby4, Mohsen M. El-Sherbiny

1,4

1Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University,

Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia 2Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Environment Sciences and Marine Biology,

Hadhramout University, Mukalla, Yemen 3Mote Marine Laboratory and Aquarium, Sarasota, FL 34236, USA

4Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522,

Egypt

Abstract Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758) sensu lato has been recognized as a species

complex comprising four species. Of these four species, the larval stages of all except

Portunus segnis (Forskål, 1775), have been described. The larvae of P. segnis, hatched

from an ovigerous female, caught in the Gulf of Aqaba, were cultured in the laboratory up

to the megalopa stage. All the larval stages are described herein for the first time. The

number of aesthetascs of the antennules of all the zoeal stages of P. segnis differs from

those of the larvae of the other species of the P. pelagicus species complex. In the telson

forks of zoea I–IV of P. segnis, there is a pair of ventral spines and two pairs of dorsal

spines, whereas in the other P. pelagicus species complex larvae, there is a pair each of

ventral and dorsal spines. Another unique feature, in the megalopa of P. segnis, are two

endopod hooks in pleonites I–V. Different zoeal and megalopal stages of P. segnis can be

distinguished clearly from the other P. pelagicus species complex larvae based on the

number of setae and patterns of different appendages.

Zootaxa

2019

(2) : 199–218

Pag 317


Biodiversity and Abundance of Plankton Communities along the Coastal

Waters of Gulf of Aqaba, Saudi Arabia

Mohsen M. El-Sherbiny1,2,*, Reny P. Devassy

1, Erinn M. Muller

3, Abdulmohsin A. Al-

Sofyani1

and Ali M. Al-Aidaroos1



Egypt 3Mote Marine Laboratory and Aquarium, Sarasota, FL 34236, USA

Abstract

Spatial variation in the microphytoplankton biomass and diversity as well as the diel

variability of the major mesozooplankton taxon, Copepoda was studied with respect to the

prevailing hydrographic conditions along the coastal waters of Gulf of Aqaba, Saudi

Arabia during the summer period. Conspicuous stratification was evident in the water

column while nutrient distribution highlighted the oligotrophic nature of the region. Nitrate

showed a notable increase in the deeper layers of almost all the stations and towards the

south. Chlorophyll a was low throughout (0.05-0.27 mg m-3) though a small peak was

observed at a depth of 70m. Diatoms dominated the phytoplankton community in terms of

both density and diversity followed by dinoflagellates. A total of 138 phytoplankton

species (80 diatoms and 57 dinoflagellates) contributed to the phytoplankton diversity

during the study. Zooplankton exhibited clear diel variation in distribution with higher

abundance during night. Among the thirty-zooplankton taxa observed, Copepoda formed

the dominant taxa. Of the total 70 copepod species observed during the study eight

species are new records from the Gulf of Aqaba region. The current study also witness

conspicuous diel variation of five copepod species within the water column (Acartia

negligens, Clausocalanus furcatus, Lucicutia flavicornis, Pleuromamma indica and

Haloptilus longicornis).

Pakistan Journal of Zoology

2019

(51) : 1823-1836

Pag 318


Unusual dominance of harmful microalgae Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima

Cf. (Cleve) Heiden in the coastal waters of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Ali M. Al-Aidaroos

1, Reny P. Devassy

1, Mohsen M. El-Sherbiny

1,2,*



Egypt

Abstract

Dominance of harmful pennate diatom Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima was observed

during a regular environmental monitoring study carried out in the coastal waters of

Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Neither any discoloration of water nor any fish kill was reported

during the period of this specific phenomena. This diatom species dominated the area with

a higher percentage (97.5%) of the total phytoplankton community encountered. Apart

from these, the occurrence of harmful algal bloom causing heterotrophic dinoflagellates

was also noticed in a few numbers. Phytoplankton biomass in terms of chlorophyll a

-1) were comparatively higher

than the other inorganic nutrients. Zooplankton abundance was relatively low (705 ind.

m−3

) and were dominated mainly by copepods (79.9%) followed by mollusc and decapod

larvae.

Pakistan Journal of Botany

2019

(51) : 767-772

Pag 319


Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of N-Doped Graphene-Wrapped MnO2

Nanoflowers

EL-SHAZLY M. DURAIA , 1,2,4,5 ABBAS FAHAMI,3,6 and GARY W. BEALL1 1.—

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, 601 University Dr., San

Marcos, TX 78666, USA. 2.—Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal

University, Ismailia, Egypt. 3.—Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M

University, College Station, TX 77843-3123, USA. 4.—e-mail: [email protected].

5.—e-mail: [email protected]. 6.—e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Nitrogen-doped graphene wrapped MnO2 nanoflowers (N-G-MnO2) have been successfully

synthesized via a simple scalable method. N-graphene nanosheets were prepared first by

ball milling graphite and urea followed by mixing of N-graphene and MnO2 nanoflowers

that was microwaved for only a few minutes to form N-G-MnO2 nanoflowers. The self-

assembled layer of N-G-MnO2 nanoflowers over a silicon wafer was prepared using a

reverse meniscus convective self-assembly technique. The as-prepared samples were

characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD),

transmission electron microscope, Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

The final product of this process revealed the successful formation of N-G-MnO2 with

great uniformity and high purity. SEM investigations reveals good dispersion and uniform

distribution of N-G-MnO2 nanoflowers over a wide area. The addition of humic acid was

found to be a crucial factor for the formation of the flower morphology. XRD phase studies

show the formation of birnessite-MnO2 structure. This cost-effective, ecofriendly, and

scalable process could be used for industrial applications such as energy storage

materials.

Journal of Electronic Materials 2018

(47) : 7288–7295



Pag 320


Hydrothermal synthesis of high quality graphene nanosheets anchored by

uniform and well distributed silicon nanoparticles

A.N.Fouda

abAsmaaSalem

bFaridEl-Tantawy

bH.Salem

cEl Shazly M.Duraia

bd

a

Physics Department, Faculty of Science and Arts, King Abdul Aziz University, 344 Rabigh, Saudi Arabia b

Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, 41522, Ismailia, Egypt c Physics Department, Faculty of Science, El Arish University, Egypt

d Texas State University-San Marcos, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 601

University Dr., San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA

Abstract

Synthesis of graphene doped silicon nanoparticles is important for many applications

such as energy storage materials for lithium ion batteries and super capacitors. In this

letter, we provide a simple, cost effective, and scalable thermal method to get a uniformly

distributed spherical silicon nanoparticles within reduced graphene oxide. The distribution

and morphology of the composites were investigated using field emission scanning

electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and high resolution transmission electron

microscopy (HR-TEM) measurements. Different concentrations (0.025%, 0.05% and 0.1%)

of silicon/reduced graphene oxide (RGO) have been synthesized using hydrothermal

technique. C8H20O4Si was used as Si aqueous source which dispersed in graphene oxide

solution. Si nanoparticles act as a spacer that prevent the stacking of graphene sheets,

and the generated volumetric strain of silicon can be accommodated by graphene. The

structure was evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Meanwhile, the existed function groups

were assigned using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectra. Raman measurement

confirmed the successful formation of graphene doped silicon nanocomposite. The

increment in the generated defects within the graphene sheets as the silicon contents

increase, provides a clear indication that silicon nanoparticles were anchored in the

graphene nano sheets.

Superlattices and Microstructures

2018

(124) : 240-247






https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/energy-storage-material

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/physics-and-astronomy/lithium-ion-batteries

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/physics-and-astronomy/reduced-graphene-oxide

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/field-emission-scanning-electron-microscopy

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/field-emission-scanning-electron-microscopy

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/high-resolution-transmission-electron-microscopy

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/high-resolution-transmission-electron-microscopy

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/physics-and-astronomy/graphene-oxide

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/x-ray-diffraction

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/physics-and-astronomy/nanocomposites

https://www.researchgate.net/journal/0749-6036_Superlattices_and_Microstructures

Pag 321


Humic acid nanosheets decorated by tin oxide nanoparticles and there

humidity sensing behavior

a

Gary W.Bealla

SayantanDasab

Shazly M.Duraia-El

a

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, 601 University Dr.,

San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA b


Abstract

A novel resistive type humidity sensor based on humic acid nanosheets decorated by tin

oxide nanoparticles is reported in the present work. The humic acid nanosheets have been

extracted from Leonardite via acid base treatment followed by centrifugation. The

SnO2 nanoparticles were incorporated in humic acid nanosheets using SnCl2. The

microstructure and morphology of the as prepared samples were investigated using X-ray

diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray

spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier-transform

infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results confirm the successful formation of tin oxide

nanoparticles anchored and uniformly distributed over humic acid nanosheets. The

surface investigations showed a crumpled, fluffy and wrinkled morphology. Humidity

sensing properties of the as prepared nanocomposite has been studied. Saturated salt

solutions were used to control the relative humidity. The sensing response has been

measured in the relative humidity range 12.4 up to 97.1% at the room temperature. It has

been found that the sensor impedance decreases as the relative humidity increases with

good linearity (−0.19319 ± 0.01264). The prepared sensor exhibited a fast response and

recovery time. The present type of humidity sensor opens a new generation of low cost,

fast response and environmentally friend humidity sensors.

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

2019

(124) : 240-247







Pag 322


An approach to nickel ferrite synthesis

El-Shazly M. Duraia1,2 · Babatunde M. Adebiyi1 · Gary W. Beall1

1 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, 601 University Dr,

78666 San Marcos, TX, USA

2 Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

In this letter, a new approach to the synthesis of nickel ferrite has been performed. Nickel

ferrite nanoparticles have been prepared via a straightforward method by simply heating

iron-nickel tertracyanide powder (FeNi(CN)4·3H2O) in air at 400 °C for only 5 min. During

the heating process, it was observed that iron-nickel cyanide powder ignites at a certain

point in the material and then this ignition propagates in a wave-like manner through the

rest of the mass. As the ignition front propagated through the material, an extreme

expansion occurred in a way similar to musical accordion and eventually formed nickel

ferrite nanoparticles. Samples were characterized using XRD, SEM, HRTEM, TGA and

Raman spectroscopy. All analysis confirmed the successful formation of single phase

nickel ferrite. The present method can be extended to synthesize other ferrites. The

presented approach is characterized by both simplicity and scalability which makes it

promising for industrial utilization.

Journal of Materials Science:

Materials in Electronics

2019 (30) : 8286–8290



Pag 323


One pot synthesis of nickel ferrite-graphitic layers nanocomposite with

inverted magnetic hysteresis

Babatunde M.Adebiyi

aEl-Shazly M.Duraia

abGary W.Beall

a

a

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, 601 University Dr., San Marcos, TX 78666, USA b


Abstract

For the first time, we report the synthesis of nickel ferrite-graphitic layers nanocomposite (C-

NiFe2O4) via a straightforward approach using iron-nickel cyanide powder (Fe[Ni(CN)4]·3H2O). Firstly,

iron-nickel cyanide powder was prepared by mixing equal molar amount of iron salt and potassium

tetracyanonickelate (II) hydrate. Secondly, the as-synthesized iron-nickel cyanide powder was

thermally treated in air at a temperature as low as 400 °C. The ignition starts at one point of high

energy like the edges and then propagates like a wave through all the material. The ignition process

was accompanied by huge expansion finally forming C-NiFe2O4 nanocomposite. All samples were

characterized by the standard characterization techniques such as field emission scanning electron

microscope (FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), Raman

spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) as well as vibrating

sample magnetometer (VSM) to probe the magnetic properties at room temperature. HRTEM

investigation reveals the presence of the graphitic layer on the nickel ferrite nanoparticles. Iron-

nickel cyanide powder which has sheet-like morphology was directly converted into C-

NiFe2O4 nanocomposite during the thermal treatment in air. The VSM magnetic investigations

revealed unusual inverted hysteresis behavior of the as-prepared C-NiFe2O4 nanoparticles. While

traditional hysteresis loop was obtained in the case of iron-nickel cyanide with specific

magnetization saturated at 0.142 emu/g, anomalous hysteresis loop was observed in the case of C-

NiFe2O4 nanocomposite with specific magnetization saturated at 28.668 emu/g. The mechanism of

the C-NiFe2O4 nanocomposite formation has been proposed based on the obtained experimental

data. The present approach for the C-NiFe2O4 nanocomposite synthesis is straightforward,

surfactant free, simple and scalable as well as it can be applied to the other ferrites.

Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials

2019 (498) : 165401






Pag 324


Discovery of novel functionalized 1,2,4-triazoles as PARP-1 inhibitors in

breast cancer: design, synthesis and antitumor activity evaluation

c,*

Sandro Satta, b

, Mario Sechib

SinghPankaj K. , *a,

Ahmed T. A. Boraei

a Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

b Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari (Italy)

c Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD

(UK)

Abstract

PARP-1, a nuclear protein, is one of the key member of the DNA repair assembly and

thereby emerged as an attractive target in anti-cancer drug discovery. PARP-1 plays a key

role in terms of base excision repair, which is an important pathway for cell survival in

breast cancer with BRCA1/BRCA2-mutation. In this scenario, the goal of this study was to

identify novel prototypes of PARP-1 inhibitors for the development of antitumor

therapeutics to treat breast cancer. Thus, a structure-based drug design exploration was

first conducted using an in-house library, focusing on triazole-thione and alkylsulfanyl-

triazole scaffold. Hits with good binding affinity and better predicted inhibitory potential

were also tested for their PARP-1 inhibitory activity. Moreover, the selected compounds

were evaluated for their cytotoxicity in-vitro. This approach led to the identification of few

novel compounds showing interesting anti-proliferative potential in low micromolar range.

Results disclosed that the identified lead molecules were efficiently impeding cell

migration and cell proliferation, potentially by interfering with PARP-1 enzymatic activities.

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2019 (182) : 111621

Pag 325


Synthesis and Anti-Proliferative Assessment of Triazolo-Thiadiazepine and

Triazolo-Thiadiazine Sca_olds

Ahmed T. A. Boraei 1,*, Hazem A. Ghabbour 2 , Mohamed S. Gomaa 3 , El Sayed H. El

Ashry 4 and Assem Barakat 5,*

1 Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt

2 Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516,

Egypt; [email protected]

3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Clinical Pharmacy,

Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 32241, Saudi Arabia;

[email protected]

4 Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia,

Alexandria 21321, Egypt; [email protected]

5 Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451,

Saudi Arabia

Abstract

A series of triazolo-thiadiazepines 4a–k were synthesized with excellent yields

usingdehydrated PTSA as a catalyst in toluene. Two triazolo-thiadiazines were obtained;

8a was formed directly by reflux in ethanol, whereas, PTSA promoted the formation of 8b.

The molecular structure of the formed triazolo-thiadiazepines is identical to the imine-form

4a–k and not the enamine-tautomer 6a–k. The structures of the newly synthesized triazolo-

thiadiazepines 4a–k and triazolo-thiadiazines 8a–b were elucidated using NMR (1H, and

13C), 2D NMR, HRMS, and X-ray single crystal. Furthermore, 4a was deduced using X-ray

single crystal di_raction analysis. These new thiadiazepine hits represent an optimized

series of previously synthesized indole-triazole derivatives for the inhibition of EGFR. The

cytotoxicity activity against two cancer cell lines including human liver cancer (HEPG-2)

and breast cancer (MCF-7) was promising, with IC50 between 12.9 to 44.6 _g/mL and 14.7

to 48.7 _g/mLfor the tested cancer cell lines respectively, compared to doxorubicin (IC50

4.0 _g/mL). Docking studies revealed that the thiadiazepine scaffold presented a suitable

anchor, allowing good interaction of the various binding groups with the enzyme binding

regions and sub-pockets.

Molecules

2019 (24) : 4471

Pag 326


Sitagliptin protects diabetic rats with acute myocardial infarction through

induction of angiogenesis: role of IGF-1 and VEGF

Dina M. Khodeer,a Shymaa E. Bilasy,

b Noha E. Farag,

c Amir E. Mehana,

d Amani A. Elbaz

c

aDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia

41522, Egypt. bDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.

cDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.

dDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.

Abstract

Angiogenesis is regulated in a tissue-specific manner in all patients, especially those with

diabetes. In this study, we describe a novel molecular pathway of angiogenesis regulation

in diabetic rats with myocardial infarction (MI) and examine the cardioprotective effects of

different doses of sitagliptin. Male rats were divided into 5 groups: normal vehicle group,

diabetic group, diabetic + MI, diabetic + MI + 5 mg/kg sitagliptin, and diabetic + MI + 10

mg/kg sitagliptin. Isoproterenol in diabetic rats resulted in significant (p < 0.05)

disturbance to the electrocardiogram, cardiac histopathological manifestations, and an

increase in inflammatory markers compared with the vehicle and diabetic groups.

Treatment with sitagliptin improved the electrocardiogram and histopathological sections,

upregulated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transmembrane

phosphoglycoprotein protein (CD34) in cardiac tissues, and increased serum insulin-like

growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and decreased cardiac tissue homogenate for interleukin 6 (IL-6)

and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). A relationship was found between serum IGF-1 and

cardiac VEGF and CD34 accompanied by an improvement in cardiac function of diabetic

rats with MI. Therefore, the observed effects of sitagliptin occurred at least partly through

an improvement in angiogenesis and the mitigation of inflammation. Consequently, these

data suggest that sitagliptin may contribute, in a dose-dependent manner, to protection

against acute MI in diabetic individuals.

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology

2019 (97) : 1053-1063

javascript:popRef('aff1')





Pag 327


FRET probes for measuring sphingolipid metabolizing enzyme activity

Zainelabdeen H. Mohameda, Cosima Rheinb, Essa M. Saieda,c, Johannes Kornhuberb,

Christoph Arenza,⁎

a Institute for Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany b Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany c Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) probes are unique tools in biology, as they allow

for a non-destructive monitoring of a certain state of a biomolecule or of an artificial

substrate within living cells in real time. FRET substrates indicate their relative cleavage

rate and thus the in situ activity of a given enzyme. In contrast to quenched probes or turn-

on probes, one of the two separate signals of the FRET probes can be used as internal

reference, which makes ratio-imaging and quantitation of cleavage events independent of

cellular delivery possible. In this review, we describe the first examples of sphingolipid

FRET probes in comparison to different alternative probes. Finally, we give an outlook on

future probes and their potential application.

Chemistry and Physics of Lipids 2018

(216) : 152-161

Pag 328


Distribution Pattern of Diatom Flora in the Surface Sediments of Bardawil

Lagoon (North Sinai), Egypt

3

Mona Gaballa & Sheekh -Abdelfattah A. Zalat & Mostafa M. El

1 Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

2 Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

3 Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Tanta, Egypt

Abstract

Examination of the surficial sediments of Bardawil lagoon displayed variations in the

relative abundance of diatoms deposited in different sites. The disparities were dependent

on several environmental factors such as pH, salinity, water depth, and some biological

productivity and chemical elements. A total of 88 diatom species belonging to 37 genera

were identified and counted from 12 samples that distributed along the lake. The

composition of the diatom assemblage showed that the planktonic forms are not dominant

as the epiphytic and benthic ones. The recorded assemblage is mainly dominated by

littoral cosmopolitan marine species associated with a considerable amount of

oligohalobous and mesohalobous diatom taxa. The freshwater forms are normally

allochthonous and may be originated from the adjacent areas. Multivariate statistical

techniques including canonical correspondence analysis and hierarchical ascending

clustering were used to identify the diatom ecological groups and to investigate which

environmental variables were important in explaining the variation between these groups.

Five ecological groups containing distinctive diatom assemblages were recognized.

THALASSAS

2019

(35) : 531–539

Pag 329


Exogenous Nitric Oxide Mitigates Nickel-Induced Oxidative Damage in Eggplant by Upregulating Antioxidants, Osmolyte Metabolism, and Glyoxalase Systems Mona Soliman 1, Haifa A. Alhaithloul 2, Khalid Rehman Hakeem 3,4,*, Basmah M. Alharbi 5,

Mohamed El-Esawi 6,7 and Amr Elkelish 8

1 Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613, Giza, Egypt; [email protected] 2 Department of Biology, College of science, Jouf University, Sakaka 2014, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] 3 Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21577, Saudi Arabia 4 Princess Dr Najla Bint Saud Al- Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80200, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 5 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk-71491, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] 6 Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527 Tanta, Egypt; [email protected] 7 Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1LR, United Kingdom; 8 Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; [email protected]

Abstract Nitric oxide (NO) at optimal levels is considered beneficial to plant functioning. The present study was carried out

to investigate the role of exogenously applied NO (100 and 150 µM sodium nitropurusside, SNP) in amelioration

of nickel (Ni)-mediated oxidative effects in eggplant. Ni stress declined growth and biomass production, relative

water content (RWC), and chlorophyll pigment synthesis, thereby affecting the photosynthetic efficiency.

Exogenously applied SNP proved beneficial in mitigating the Ni-mediated growth restrictions. NO-treated

seedlings exhibited improved photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and chlorophyll content with the effect of

being apparent at lower concentration (100 µM SNP). SNP upregulated the antioxidant system mitigating the

oxidative damage on membranes due to Ni stress. The activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-

transferase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase was upregulated due to SNP which also increased

the ascorbate and reduced glutathione content. SNP-supplied seedlings also showed higher proline and glycine

betaine accumulation, thereby improving RWC and antioxidant system. Glyoxalase I activity was induced due to

SNP application declining the accumulation of methylglyoxal. NO-mediated mitigation of Ni toxicity was

confirmed using NO scavenger (PTIO, 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide), which reversed the

influence of SNP almost entirely on the parameters studied. Uptake of nitrogen (N), potassium (K), and calcium

(Ca) was increased due to SNP application and Ni was reduced significantly. Therefore, this study revealed the

efficiency of exogenous SNP in enhancing Ni stress tolerance through upregulating antioxidant and glyoxalase

systems.

Plants

2019

8, 562






Pag 330


Exogenous application of β‑sitosterol mediated growth and yield

improvement in water‑stressed wheat (Triticum aestivum) involves

up‑regulated antioxidant system

Amr Elkeilsh1 · Yasser M. Awad2 · Mona H. Soliman3,4 · Abdelghafar Abu‑Elsaoud1 ·

Magdi T. Abdelhamid5 · Ibrahim M. El‑Metwally5

1 Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt 2 Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt 3 Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 4 Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt 5 Botany Department, National Research Centre, 33 Al Behoos Street, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

Water stress reduces crop production significantly, and climate change has further aggravated the problem mainly in arid and semi-arid regions. This was the first study on the possible effects of β-sitosterol application in ameliorating the deleterious changes in wheat induced by water stress under field condition and drip irrigation regimes. A field experiment with the splitplot design was conducted, and wheat plants were foliar sprayed with four β-sitosterol (BBS) concentrations (0, 25, 75, and 100 mg L−1) and two irrigation regimes [50 and 100% of crop evapotranspiration ( ETc)]. Water stress without BBS treatment reduced biological yield, grain yield, harvest index, and photosynthetic efficiency significantly by 28.9%, 42.8%, 19.6%, and 20.5% compared with the well-watered plants, respectively. Proline content increased in water-stressed and BSS-treated plants, owing to a significant role in cellular osmotic adjustment. Application of BSS was effective in reducing the generation of hydrogen peroxide ( H2O2) and hence the malondialdehyde content significantly in water-stressed and well-watered wheat plants. Application of BSS up-regulated the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, POD, and APX) significantly and increased the content of tocopherol, ascorbic acid, and carotene thereby reducing the levels of reactive oxygen species. The increased antioxidant system in BSS treated plants was further supported by the expression level of SOD and dehydrin genes in both water-stressed and well-watered plants. In the present study, the application of BBS at 100 mg L−1 was beneficial and can be recommended for improving the growth and yield of the wheat crop under water stress.

Journal of Plant Research

2019

(132) 881–901

Pag 331


Treatment of Sweet Pepper with Stress Tolerance-Inducing Compounds

Alleviates Salinity Stress Oxidative Damage by Mediating the Physio-

Biochemical Activities and Antioxidant Systems

Khaled A. Abdelaal1, Lamiaa M. EL-Maghraby2, Hosam Elansary3,4, Yaser M. Hafez1,Eid I.

Ibrahim5, Mostafa El-Banna6, Mohamed El-Esawi7,8and Amr Elkelish9,*

1Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Lab., Excellence Center (EPCRS), Faculty of Agriculture,

KafrelsheikhUniversity, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt; [email protected] (K.A.A.);[email protected]

(Y.M.H.)

2Agricultural Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511,

Egypt;[email protected]

3Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University,P.O. Box 2455,

Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; [email protected], Ornamental Horticulture and Garden Design

Department, Faculty of Agriculture, AlexandriaUniversity, Alexandria 21526, Egypt

5Rice Biotechnology Lab., Rice Research Dep., Field Crops Research Institute, Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh 33717,ARC,

Egypt; [email protected]

6Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;el-

[email protected]

7Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527,

Egypt;[email protected]

8Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK

9Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt

Abstract

Salinity stress occurs due to the accumulation of high levels of salts in soil, which ultimately leads to the impairment of plant growth and crop loss. Stress tolerance-inducing compounds have a remarkable ability to improve growth and minimize the effects of salinity stress without negatively affecting the environment by controlling the physiological and molecular activities in plants. Two pot experiments were carried out in 2017 and 2018 to study the influence of salicylic acid (1 mM), yeast extract (6 g L−1), and proline (10 mM) on the physiological and biochemical parameters of sweet pepper plants under saline conditions (2000 and 4000 ppm). The results showed that salt stress led to decreasing the chlorophyll content, relative water content, and fruit yields, whereas electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline concentration, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the activities of antioxidant enzymes increased in salt-stressed plants. The application of salicylic acid (1 mM), yeast extract (6 g L−1), and proline (10 mM) markedly improved the physiological characteristics and fruit yields of salt-stressed plants compared with untreated stressed plants. A significant reduction in electrolyte leakage, MDA, and ROS was also recorded for all treatments. In conclusion, our results reveal the important role of proline, SA, and yeast extracts in enhancing sweet pepper growth and tolerance to salinity stress via modulation of the physiological parameters and antioxidants machinery. Interestingly, proline proved to be the best treatment.

Agronomy

2019

10, 26


Pag 332


Developing the first halophytic turfgrasses for the urban landscape from

native Arabian desert grass

Muhammad Zamin1,2 & Shah Fahad2 & Abdul Mateen Khattak3 & Muhammad Adnan2 & Fazli Wahid2 & Ahmad Raza2 & Depeng Wang4 & Shah Saud5 & Muhammad Noor6 & Hafiz Faiq Bakhat7 & Muhammad Mubeen7 & Hafiz

Mohkum Hammad7 & Mona. H. Soliman8,9 & Amr A. Elkelish10 & Muhammad Riaz11 & Wajid Nasim7,12,13,14

1 Department of Arid land Agriculture, Faculty of Food and Agriculture, UAE University, Al Ain, UAE 2 Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan 3 Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Crop Production Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan 4 College of Life Science, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, Shandong, China 5 Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin, China 6 Department of Agriculture, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan 7 Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Islamabad 61100, Pakistan 8 Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, El-Bahr, Yanbu 46429, Saudi Arabia 9 Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt 10 Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 11 Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan 12 CIHEAM-Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (IAMM), 3191 route de Mende, Montpellier, France 13 CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems, National Research Flagship, Towoomba, QLD 4350, Australia 14 Department of Agronomy, University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur (IUB), Bahawalpur, Pakistan

Abstract

Climate change is occurring and is influencing biological systems through augmented temperatures, more

inconstant precipitation, and rising CO2 in the atmosphere. For sustainable landscaping, it was essential to

assess the diversity of native/wild grasses and their suitability for turf and to combat the salinity problem in the

region. For this purpose, a native halophytic grass, Aeluropus lagopoides, was investigated by conducting

mowing tests on its ecotypes during the year 2014–2016 under desert climatic conditions. The research was

carried out in two phases, i.e. Phase-I was for collection and establishment of ecotypes from various parts of

UAE, while in Phase-II, mowing tests were conducted. During mowing tests, 50 ecotypes of A. lagopoides were

given various mowing treatments (i.e. they were cut back at 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 5-cm heights) in field conditions.

Significant differences were found among various ecotypes for different agronomic parameters such as ground

cover, canopy stiffness, leaf number, clippings fresh and dry weights and internode length. Overall, the grass

exhibited better performance at mowing heights of 3 and 4 cm, which are the standard mowing heights for

turfgrasses. Ecotypes FA5, RA3, RUDA2, RUDA7 and RUADA1 of A. lagopoides showed the best performance

against mowing shock and became the candidates for the turfgrass varieties from the native Arabian flora.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research

2019 (27) 39702–39716

Pag 333


Selenium protects wheat seedlings against salt stress-mediated oxidative

damage by up-regulating antioxidants and osmolytes metabolism

Amr A. Elkelisha, Mona. H. Solimanb,c,∗ , Haifa A. Alhaithlould, Mohamed A. El-Esawie,f

a Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt b Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu El-Bahr, 46429, Saudi Arabia c Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613, Giza, Egypt d Biology Department, Science College, Aljouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia e Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt f Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Abstract

Salinity stress hampers the growth of most crop plants and reduces yield considerably. Therefore, experiments were conducted on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants for studying the role of selenium (5 and 10 μM Se) supplementation in strengthening the salinity stress tolerance. Exposure to salinity (100mM NaCl) reduced growth in terms of length, fresh and dry biomass yield. Se was affective in ameliorating the deleterious effects of NaCl stress to significant levels when supplied at 5 μM concentrations compared to 10 μM. Application of Se at 5 μM concentration did not show significant impacts on the physiological and biochemical parameters studied. Plants supplemented with 5 μM Se exhibited the highest RWC, chlorophyll synthesis, and photosynthesis. Se supplementation reduced the NaCl-mediated oxidative damage by up-regulating the activity of enzymatic components of the antioxidant system and the accumulation of ascorbate and glutathione. Furthermore, 5 μM Se proved beneficial in enhancing proline and sugar accumulation in normal and NaCl-stressed seedlings providing extra osmolarity to maintain RWC and protect photosynthesis. Se also affected proline metabolism by modulating the activities of the γ-glutamyl kinase (γ-GK) and proline oxidase (PROX) leading to its greater synthesis and lesser degradation. Moreover, it was observed that Se declined the Na/K ratio and also improved nitrogen and Ca uptake. Conclusively, Se at low concentration can be beneficial in preventing salinity-mediated damage and further studies are required to unravel underlying mechanisms.

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 2019 (137) 144–153

Pag 334


Changes in Ecophysiology, Osmolytes, and Secondary Metabolites of the

Medicinal Plants of Mentha piperita and Catharanthus roseus Subjected to

Drought and Heat Stress

Haifa A. Alhaithloul 1, Mona H. Soliman 2, Keshav Lalit Ameta 3, Mohamed A. El-Esawi 4 and Amr Elkelish 5,*

1 Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 2014, Saudi Arabia;

[email protected]

2 Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;

[email protected]

3 Department of Chemistry, School of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Mody University of Science and Technology,

Lakshmangarh 332311, Rajasthan, India; [email protected]

4 Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;

[email protected]

5 Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt

Abstract Global warming contributes to higher temperatures and reduces rainfall for most areas worldwide. The concurrent incidence of extreme temperature and water shortage lead to temperature stress damage in plants. Seeking to imitate a more natural field situation and to figure out responses of specific stresses with regard to their combination, we investigated physiological, biochemical, and metabolomic variations following drought and heat stress imposition (alone and combined) and recovery, using Mentha piperita and Catharanthus roseus plants. Plants were exposed to drought and/or heat stress (35 _C) for seven and fourteen days. Plant height and weight (both fresh and dry weight) were significantly decreased by stress, and the e_ects more pronounced with a combined heat and drought treatment. Drought and/or heat stress triggered the accumulation of osmolytes (proline, sugars, glycine betaine, and sugar alcohols including inositol and mannitol), with maximum accumulation in response to the combined stress. Total phenol, flavonoid, and saponin contents decreased in response to drought and/or heat stress at seven and fourteen days; however, levels of other secondary metabolites, including tannins, terpenoids, and alkaloids, increased under stress in both plants, with maximal accumulation under the combined heat/drought stress. Extracts from leaves of both species significantly inhibited the growth of pathogenic fungi and bacteria, as well as two human cancer cell lines. Drought and heat stress significantly reduced the antimicrobial and anticancer activities of plants. The increased accumulation of secondary metabolites observed in response to drought and/or heat stress suggests that imposition of abiotic stress may be a strategy for increasing the content of the therapeutic secondary metabolites associated with these plants.

Biomolecules

2019

10, 43

Pag 335


Pretreatment with Trichoderma harzianum alleviates waterlogging-induced growth alterations in tomato seedlings by modulating physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms

Amr A. Elkelisha, Haifa Abdulaziz S. Alhaithloulb, Sameer H. Qaric, Mona H. Solimand,e,*, Mirza Hasanuzzamanf,**

a Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt b Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, 2014, Saudi Arabia c Biology Department, Aljumum, University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia d Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt e Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Sharm, Yanbu El-Bahr, Yanbu, 46429, Saudi Arabia f Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-

Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Abstract

We studied the role of Trichoderma harzianum (TH) in improving the physiological, biochemical, hormonal, and molecular parameters of tomato seedlings grown under waterlogging (WL, for 14 and 28 days). Pretreatment with TH significantly improved the growth of tomato by enhancing the chlorophyll synthesis and uptake of essential ions, including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. A reduction in anthocyanin content was also ameliorated significantly by TH pretreatment. TH significantly mitigated the WL-induced decline in height and in fresh and dry biomass accumulation. Accumulation of proline, flavonoids, anthocyanin, sugars, and soluble protein increased with TH pretreatment. At both growth periods (14 and 28 days after treatment [DAT]), the accumulation of secondary metabolites, including total phenols and flavonoids, and the redox components (tocopherols) were increased significantly by TH pretreatment. Increased synthesis of metabolites maintained the antioxidant status of tomato, resulting in amelioration of WL-induced oxidative effects on membranes. WL and TH treatments significantly increased ethylene production and decreased abscisic acid content at both growth periods. The accumulation of reactive oxygen species, like hydrogen peroxide, in TH treated seedlings was correlated with the upregulation of the Fe-SOD gene. WL stress triggered the activity of sucrose synthase (SUS), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC), which reached a maximum at 14 DAT, and TH pretreatment resulted in further enhancement above control and WL-stressed levels. Quantitative RTPCR revealed differential expression of genes, where Fe-SOD and ADH were upregulated due to TH treatment and ARE, ACO, ERF, and aquaporin were downregulated relative to control plants. Pretreatment of tomato seedlings with TH improved tolerance to WL by maintaining the antioxidant status, sugar metabolism, and expression of critical genes. These results suggest that TH pretreatment is an effective way to improve WL tolerance in tomato at vegetative stage.

Environmental and Experimental Botany 2019 (171) 103946

Pag 336


Calcium availability regulates antioxidant system, physio-biochemical

activities and alleviates salinity stress mediated oxidative damage in

soybean seedlings

Amr A. Elkelish1, Taghreed S. Alnusaire2, Mona H. Soliman3*, Salah Gowayed4, Hoda H.

Senousy5, Shah Fahad6

1Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 2Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Saudi Arabia 3Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al‑ Sharm, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia 4Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 5Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt 6Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Abstract Salinity is considered as one of the devastating abiotic stress factors and global climate change has

further worsened the situation. Present experiments were aimed to evaluate the role of calcium (Ca)

availability on growth and salinity tolerance mechanisms in soybean. Seedlings were grown with (2

mM Ca) and without Ca supplementation and modulation in key physiological and biochemical

parameters were studied. Salinity (100 mM NaCl) stress resulted in growth reduction in terms of

height and biomass accumulation, which was more pronounced in Ca-deficient plants. Relative to

control (Ca deficient) and NaCl stressed plants, Ca supplemented seedlings exhibited higher relative

water content, pigment synthesis and the photosynthetic efficiency. Ca availability affected the

synthesis of proline, glycine betaine and soluble sugars under normal and saline growth conditions.

Optimal Ca supplementation up-regulated the activities of antioxidant enzymes assayed and the

contents of non-enzymatic antioxidants (ascorbate, glutathione, and tocopherol) thereby reflecting in

amelioration of NaCl induced oxidative damage. Moreover, increased accumulation of phenols due

to Ca supplementation and the amelioration of NaCl mediated decline if nitrate reductase activity

was observed. More importantly, Ca availability reduced the accumulation of Na under control and

NaCl stressed conditions restricting the damging effects on metabolism. Availability of optimal Ca

potentially regulates the salinity tolerance mechanisms in soybean by maintaining osmoregulation

and antioxidant metabolism.

Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality 2019 (92) 258 - 266

Pag 337


Prevalence of antibiotic resistant mastitis pathogens in dairy cows in Egypt

and potential biological control agents produced from plant endophytic

actinobacteria

Sahar A. El-Shatoury a, Mohamed E. Enany

b,

a Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

b Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,


Abstract

Dairy production is threatened by antibiotic resistant pathogens worldwide, and alternative solutions to treat mastitis are not available. The prevalence of antibiotic resistant strains is not well known in less developed countries. The prevalence of pathogenic bacteria and their resistance to 21 commercial antibiotics were studied in milk samples taken from 122 dairy cows suffering from the symptoms of mastitis in Egypt. The bacterial species were identified with molecular methods, and antibiotic resistance was studied with disc diffusion method. The prevalence of Streptococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 30%, 17% and 3.5%, respectively. Most (90%) of the S. aureus strains showed resistance to penicillin whereas only 10% of the strains were resistant to oxacillin. Nearly half (40%) of E. coli strains showed resistance to streptomycin. Six P. aeruginosa strains showed resistance to several antibiotics, including ceftriaxone, enrofloxacin and levofloxacin. This points out that despite P. aeruginosa was not common, it should be followed up carefully. Potential biocontrol agents against antibiotic resistant mastitis bacteria were searched among 30 endophytic actinobacterial strains derived from wild medicinal plants. Three plants, namely Mentha longifolia, Malva parviflora and Pulicaria undulata were chosen for a more detailed study; their endophytic actinobacteria were used to prepare metabolic extracts. The crude metabolites of the actinobacteria were extracted with ethyl acetate. All metabolic extracts inhibited the growth of S. aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), E. coli and P. aeruginosa in vitro. The 16S rRNA sequence analysis revealed that the most efficient actinobacterial strains were two Micromonospora sp. and one Actinobacteria bacterium. We conclude that the combination of the metabolites of several endophytic actinobacteria derived from several medicinal plants would be the most efficient against pathogens. Different metabolite cocktails should be studied further in order to develop novel biocontrol agents to treat antibiotic resistant mastitis bacteria in dairy cows.

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 2019 (26) 1492–1498

Pag 338


PREPARED BY

"Magda Mohamed Abd Elkader" "Doaa Mohamed Farag Khalaf"

Published Research Articles in International Journals Suez ...

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