Broom A S Plage J Broom E Kirby and J Adams 2016 ldquoA qualitative study of hospital pharmacists and antibiotic governance negotiating interprofessional responsibilities expertise and resource constraintsrdquo BMC Health Serv Res 16 43 httpsdoiorg101186s12913-016-1290-0
Burki T 2017 ldquoAntibiotic development pipeline slows to a tricklerdquo Lancet Infect Dis 17 1128ndash1129 httpsdoiorg101016S1473-3099(17)30586-8
Burnham JP MA Olsen and MH Kollef 2019 ldquoRe-estimating annual deaths due to multidrug-resistant organism infectionsrdquo Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 40 112ndash113 httpsdoiorg101017ice2018304
Cairns KA AWJ Jenney IJ Abbott MJ Skinner JS Doyle M Dooley and AC Cheng 2013 ldquoPrescribing trends before and after implantation of an antimicrobial stewardship programrdquo Med J Aust 198 262ndash266
Carrique-Mas JJ NV Trung NT Hoa HH Mai TH Thanh JI Campbell JA Wagenaar A Hardon TQ Hieu and C Schultsz 2015 ldquoAntimicrobial usage in chicken production in the Mekong Delta of Vietnamrdquo Zoonoses Public Health 62 70ndash78
Cassini A LD Houmlgberg D Plachouras A Quattrocchi A Hoxha GS Simonsen M Colomb-Cotinat M E Kretzschmar B Devleesschauwer M Cecchini DA Ouakrim TC Oliveira MJ Struelens C Suetens and DL Monnet 2019 ldquoAttributable deaths and disability-adjusted life-years caused by infections with antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the EU and the European Economic Area in 2015 a population-level modelling analysisrdquo Lancet Infect Dis 19 56ndash66 httpsdoiorg101016S1473-3099(18)30605-4
CDC (US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) 2013 ldquoAntibiotic resistance threats in the United States 2013rdquo httpswwwcdcgovdrugresistancepdfar-threats-2013-508pdf
CDC (US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) 2018 ldquoGonorrheamdash2017 Sexually transmitted diseases surveillancerdquo httpswwwcdcgovstdstats17gonorrheahtm
CDDEP (The Center For Disease Dynamics Economics amp Policy) 2010 ldquoSituation analysis antibiotic use and resistance in Vietnamrdquo httpswwwcddeporgpublicationssituation_analysis_antibiotic_use_and_resistance_vietnam
Chamberlain G 2006 British maternal mortality in the 19th and early 20th centuries J R Soc Med 99(11) 559ndash563 httpsdoi101258jrsm9911559
Chandler C E Hutchinson and C Hutchison 2016 ldquoAddressing antimicrobial resistance through social theory an anthropologically oriented reportrdquo httpresearchonlinelshtmacuk3400500
Chandler CIR 2019 ldquoCurrent accounts of antimicrobial resistance stabilisation individualisation and antibiotics as infrastructurerdquo Palgrave Communications 5(1) 53 httpswwwnaturecomarticless41599-019-0263-4
Changing Markets Foundation 2016 ldquoSuperbugs in the supply chain how pollution from antibiotics factories in India and China is fueling the global rise of drug-resistant infectionsrdquo httpchangingmarketwpenginecomwp-contentuploads201612Superbugsinthesupplychain_CMreport_ENGpdf
Clifford GD 2016 ldquoE-health in low to middle income countriesrdquo J Med Eng Technol 40 336ndash341
Coleman GJ PH Hemsworth and M Hay 1998 ldquoPredicting stockperson behaviour towards pigs from attitudinal and job related variables and empathyrdquo Appl Anim Behav Sci 58 63ndash78
Collignon P P Athukorala S Senanayake and F Khan 2015 ldquoAntimicrobial resistance The major contribution of poor governance and corruption to this growing problemrdquo PLoS One 10 e0116746 httpsdoiorg101371journalpone0116746
Collignon P JJ Beggs TR Walsh S Gandra and R Laxminarayan 2018 ldquoAnthropological and socioeconomic factors contributing to global antimicrobial resistance a univariate and multivariable analysisrdquo Lancet Planet Health 2 e398ndashe405 httpsdoiorg101016S2542-5196(18)30186-4
Coyne LA GL Pinchbeck NJ Williams RF Smith S Dawson RB Pearson and SM Latham 2014 ldquoUnderstanding antimicrobial use and prescribing behaviours by pig veterinary surgeons and farmers a qualitative studyrdquo Vet Rec 175 593 httpsdoiorg101136vr102686
Coyne LA SM Latham NJ Williams S Dawson IJ Donald RB Pearson RF Smith and GL Pinchbeck 2016 ldquoUnderstanding the culture of antimicrobial prescribing in agriculture a qualitative study of UK pig veterinary surgeonsrdquo J Antimicrob Chemother 71 3300ndash3312 httpsdoiorg101093jacdkw300
Dang TL and TLH Nguyen 2017 ldquoVietnam development of National Action Plan on AMRrdquo Presented at FMMRAS298 strengthening capacities policies and national action plans on prudent and responsible use of antimicrobials in fisheries Final workshop in cooperation with AVA Singapore and INFOFISH Singapore httpwwwfaoorgfistatic-mediaMeetingDocumentsWorkshopAMR17presentations26pdf
DANMAP 2010 ldquoDanish integrated antimicrobial resistance monitoring and research programme (2010)rdquo DANMAP 2010 Report httpwwwdanmaporgDownloadsReportsaspx
Das B S Chaudhuri R Srivastava GB Nair and T Ramamurthy 2017 ldquoFostering research into antimicrobial resistance in Indiardquo BMJ 358 httpsdoiorg101136bmjj3535
Daulaire N A Bang G Tomson JN Kalyango and O Cars 2015 ldquoUniversal access to effective antibiotics is essential for tackling antibiotic resistancerdquo J Law Med Ethics 43 17ndash21 httpsdoiorg101111jlme12269
de Smalen AW H Ghorab M Abd El Ghany and GA Hill-Cawthorne 2017 ldquoRefugees and antimicrobial resistance a systematic reviewrdquo Travel Med Infect Dis 15 23ndash28 httpsdoiorg101016jtmaid201612001
74 Pulling Together to Beat Superbugs
Delgado CL MW Rosegrantand S Meijer 2001 ldquoLivestock to 2020 the revolution continuesrdquo Presented at the annual meetings of the International Agricultural Trade Research Consortium (IATRC) Auckland New Zealand January 18ndash19 2001
Denyer Willis L and CIR Chandler 2019 ldquoQuick fix for care productivity hygiene and inequality re-framing the entrenched problem of antibiotic overuserdquo BMJ Global Health 20194e001590
Dibner JJ and JD Richards 2005 ldquoAntibiotic growth promoters in agriculture history and mode of actionrdquo Poult Sci 84 634ndash643
Didier F 1986 ldquoLa vente illicite des meacutedicaments au Seacuteneacutegal eacuteconomies lsquoparallegravelesrsquo etat et socieacuteteacuterdquo Politique Africaine 23 httpwwwdocumentationirdfrhorfdi23776
DNV GL AS 2016 Global Opportunity Report 2016 httpswwwunglobalcompactorgdocspublicationsGlobal_Opportunity_Report_2016pdf
Donald I 2016 ldquoAntimicrobial resistance and psychology research briefrdquo ESRC AMR Research ChampionUniversity of Bristol
Drekonja DMGA Filice N Greer A Olson R MacDonald I Rutks and TJ Wilt 2015 ldquoAntimicrobial stewardship in outpatient settings a systematic reviewrdquo Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 36 142ndash152 httpsdoiorg101017ice201441
Dulo F A Feleke B Szonyi R Fries MP Baumann and D Grace 2015 ldquoIsolation of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli O157 from goats in the Somali region of Ethiopia a cross-sectional abattoir-based studyrdquo PLoS ONE 10 e0142905
Dyar OJ B Huttner J Schouten and C Pulcini 2017 ldquoWhat is antimicrobial stewardshiprdquo Clinical Microbiology and Infection 23 793ndash798 httpsdoiorg101016jcmi201708026
ECDC (European Centre for Disease Prevention) 2018 ldquoFirst detected cases of extensively drug-resistant gonorrhoea threaten future treatmentrdquo Eur Cent Dis Prev Control httpecdceuropaeuennews-eventsecdc-first-detected-cases-extensively-drug-resistant-gonorrhoea-threaten-future
Edelstein M A Agbebiyi D Ashiru-Oredope and S Hopkins 2017 ldquoTrends and patterns in antibiotic prescribing among out-of-hours primary care providers in England 2010ndash14rdquo Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 72 (12) 3490ndash3495 httpsdoiorg101093jacdkx323
Eley C V VL Young BA Hoekstra and CAM McNulty 2018 ldquoAn evaluation of educatorsrsquo views on the e-Bug resources in Englandrdquo J Biol Educ 52 166ndash173
European Commission 2005 ldquoBan on antibiotics as growth promoters in animal feed enters into effectrdquo httpeuropaeurapidpress-release_IP-05-1687_enhtm
European Commission 2016 ldquoSpecial Eurobarometer 445mdashAntimicrobial resistancerdquo httpseceuropaeuhealthamrsitesamrfileseb445_amr_generalsummary_enpdf
European Commission 2019 ldquoSpecial Eurobarometer 488mdash Europeansrsquo attitudes towards vaccinationrdquo httpeceuropaeuhealthfilesvaccinationdocs20190426_special-eurobarometer-sp488_enpdf
FAO (Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations) 2016 The FAO Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance 2016ndash2020 httpwwwfaoorg3a-i5996epdf
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) 2017 The future of food and agriculture trends and challenges httpwwwfaoorg3a-i6583epdf
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) 2018 ldquoAntimicrobial resistance and foods of plant origin Summary report of an FAO meeting of expertsrdquo FAO Antimicrobial Resistance Working Group httpwwwfaoorg3BU657enbu657enpdf
FAO and Ministry of Environment and Food of Denmark 2019 ldquoTackling antimicrobial use and resistance in pig production lessons learned in Denmarkrdquo httpwwwfaoorg3CA2899ENca2899enpdf
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) and WHO (World Health Organization) 2015 International Code of Conduct on Pesticide Management Guidelines on Good Labelling Practice for Pesticides Revised httpwwwfaoorg3a-i4854epdf
Friends of the Earth Natural Resources Defense Council Consumer Reports Center for Food Safety Food Animal Concerns Trust and US PIRG Education Fund 2018 ldquoChain reaction IV burger editionrdquo httpswwwnrdcorgsitesdefaultfilesrestaurants-antibiotic-use-report-2018pdf
Gandra S DM Barter and R Laxminarayan 2014 ldquoEconomic burden of antibiotic resistance how much do we really knowrdquo Clin Microbiol Infect 20 973ndash980 httpsdoiorg1011111469-069112798
Gandra S J Joshi A Trett A Sankhil Lamkang and R Laxminarayan 2017 ldquoScoping report on antimicrobial resistance in Indiardquo Washington DC Center for Disease Dynamics Economics amp Policy httpscddeporgwp-contentuploads201711AMR-INDIA-SCOPING-REPORTpdf
Gay N O Belmonte JM Collard M Halifa MI Issack S Mindjae P Palmyre AA Ibrahim H Rasamoelina L Flachet L Filleul and E Cardinale 2017 ldquoReview of antibiotic resistance in the Indian Ocean Commission a human and animal health issuerdquo Front Pub Health 5 162
Gobbers D and E Pichard 2000 ldquoLrsquoorganisation du systegraveme de santeacute en Afrique de lrsquoOuestrdquo Actualiteacute et Dossier En Santeacute Publique 35ndash40
Gough C and S Shackley 2002 ldquoThe respectable politics of climate change the epistemic communities and NGOsrdquo International Affairs 77 329ndash346 httpsdoiorg1011111468-234600195
Government of India 2017 ldquoDraft pharmaceutical policy 2017rdquo httpwwwindiaenvironmentportalorginfilesfiledraft20pharmaceutical20policy202017pdf
Groshek J JE Katz B Andersen C Cutino and Q Zhong 2018 ldquoMedia use and antimicrobial resistance misinformation and misuse survey evidence of information channels and fatalism in augmenting a global health threatrdquo Cogent Medicine 5 1460898 httpsdoiorg1010802331205X20181460898
Hagg E VS Dahinten and LM Currie 2018 ldquoThe emerging use of social media for health-related purposes in low and middle-income countries a scoping reviewrdquo Int J Med Inform 115 92ndash105
75
Hall W A McDonnell and J OrsquoNeill 2018 Superbugs an arms race against bacteria Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Hallsworth M T Chadborn A Sallis M Sanders D Berry F Greaves L Clements and SC Davies 2016 ldquoProvision of social norm feedback to high prescribers of antibiotics in general practice a pragmatic national randomised controlled trialrdquo Lancet 387 1743ndash1752 httpsdoiorg101016S0140-6736(16)00215-4
Harbarth S HH Balkhy H Goossens V Jarlier J Kluytmans R Laxminarayan M Saam A Van Belkum and D Pittet 2015 ldquoAntimicrobial resistance one world one fightrdquo Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 4 49 httpsdoiorg101186s13756-015-0091-2
Hardefeldt LY JR Gilkerson H Billman-Jacobe MA Stevenson K Thursky KE Bailey and GF Browning 2018 ldquoBarriers to and enablers of implementing antimicrobial stewardship programs in veterinary practicesrdquo J Vet Intern Med 32 1092ndash1099 httpsdoiorg101111jvim15083
Hawking MK DM Lecky PT Lundgren E Aldigs H Abdulmajed E Ioannidou D Paraskeva-Hadjichambi P Khouri M Gal AC Hadjichambis D Mappouras and CA McNulty 2017 ldquoAttitudes and behaviours of adolescents towards antibiotics and self-care for respiratory tract infections a qualitative studyrdquo BMJ Open 7 e015308 httpsdoiorg101136bmjopen-2016-015308
Hay SI PC Rao C Dolecek NPJ Day A Stergachis AD Lopez and CJL Murray 2018 ldquoMeasuring and mapping the global burden of antimicrobial resistancerdquo BMC Medicine 1678 httpsdoiorg101186s12916-018-1073-z
Heifetz RA 1998 Leadership without easy answers 1st edition Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Hendriksen RS P Leekitcharoenphon M Mikoleit JD Jensen RS Kaas L Roer HB Joshi S Pornruangmong C Pulsrikarn GD Gonzalez-Aviles EA Reuland N Al Naiemi AL Wester FM Aarestrup and H Hasman 2015 ldquoGenomic dissection of travel-associated extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Salmonella enterica serovar typhi isolates originating from the Philippines a one-off occurrence or a threat to effective treatment of typhoid feverrdquo J Clin Microbiol 53 677ndash680 httpsdoiorg101128JCM03104-14
Hendriksen RS P Munk P Njage B van Bunnik L McNally O Lukjancenko T Roumlder D Nieuwenhuijse SK Pedersen J Kjeldgaard RS Kaas PTLC Clausen JK Vogt P Leekitcharoenphon MGM van de Schans T Zuidema AM de RHusman S Rasmussen B Petersen C AmidG Cochrane T Sicheritz-Ponten H Schmitt JRM Alvarez A Aidara-Kane SJ Pamp O Lund T Hald M Woolhouse MP Koopmans H Vigre TN Petersen and FM Aarestrup 2019 ldquoGlobal monitoring of antimicrobial resistance based on metagenomics analyses of urban sewagerdquo Nat Commun 10 1124 httpsdoiorg101038s41467-019-08853-3
Hoelzer K L Bielke DP Blake E Cox SM Cutting B Devriendt E Erlacher-Vindel E Goossens K Karaca S Lemiere M Metzner M Raicek M Collell Surintildeach NM Wong C Gay and F Van Immerseel 2018 ldquoVaccines as alternatives to antibiotics for food producing animals Part 1 challenges and needsrdquo Vet Res 49 (1) 64 doi 101186s13567-018-0560-8
Hollis A and P Maybarduk 2015 ldquoAntibiotic resistance is a tragedy of the commons that necessitates global cooperationrdquo J Law Med Ethics 43 33ndash37 httpsdoiorg101111jlme12272
House of Commons Health and Social Care Committee 2018 ldquoAntimicrobial resistancerdquo Eleventh Report of Session 2017ndash19 httpspublicationsparliamentukpacm201719cmselectcmhealth962962pdf
Hsia Y B R Lee A Versporten Y Yang J Bielicki C Jackson J Newland H Goossens N Magrini M Sharland 2019 Use of the WHO Access Watch and Reserve classification to define patterns of hospital antibiotic use (AWaRe) an analysis of paediatric survey data from 56 countries The Lancet Global Health 7(7) 861-871 httpsdoiorg101016S2214-109X(19)30071-3
Hutchinson E 2017 ldquoGoverning antimicrobial resistance wickedness competing interpretations and the quest for global normsrdquo Global Health Centre Working Paper No 14 Geneva Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies
Huttner B S Harbarth and D Nathwani (ESCMID Study Group for Antibiotic Policies) 2014 ldquoSuccess stories of implementation of antimicrobial stewardship a narrative reviewrdquo Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 20 954ndash962 httpsdoiorg1011111469-069112803
IACG (Inter Agency Coordination Group) 2018a ldquoAntimicrobial resistance invest in innovation and research and boost RampD and accessrdquo Discussion paper httpswwwwhointantimicrobial-resistanceinteragency-coordination-groupIACG_AMR_Invest_innovation_research_boost_RD_and_access_110618pdfua=1
IACG (Inter Agency Coordination Group) 2018b ldquoAntimicrobial resistance national action plansrdquo Discussion paper httpswwwwhointantimicrobial-resistanceinteragency-coordination-groupIACG_AMR_National_Action_Plans_110618pdfua=1
IACG (Inter Agency Coordination Group) 2018c ldquoSurveillance and monitoring for antimicrobial use and resistancerdquo Discussion paper httpswwwwhointantimicrobial-resistanceinteragency-coordination-groupIACG_Surveillance_and_Monitoring_for_AMU_and_AMR_110618pdfua=1
IACG (Inter Agency Coordination Group) 2018d ldquoFuture global governance for antimicrobial resistancerdquo Discussion paper httpswwwwhointantimicrobial-resistanceinteragency-coordination-groupIACG_Future_global_governance_for_AMR_120718pdfua=1
IACG (Inter Agency Coordination Group) 2018e ldquoOptimize use of antimicrobialsrdquo Discussion paper httpswwwwhointantimicrobial-resistanceinteragency-coordination-groupIACG_Optimize_use_of_antimicrobials_120718pdfua=1
IACG (Inter Agency Coordination Group) 2018f ldquoMeeting the challenge of antimicrobial resistance from communication to collective actionrdquo Discussion paper httpswwwwhointantimicrobial-resistanceinteragency-coordination-groupIACG_Meeting_challenge_AMR_communication_to_collective_action_270718pdfua=1
IACG (Inter Agency Coordination Group) 2019 a ldquoCall to action on antimicrobial resistance 2018rdquo httpswellcomeacuksitesdefaultfilescall-action-antimicrobial-resistance-2018-reportpdf
76 Pulling Together to Beat Superbugs
IACG (Inter Agency Coordination Group) 2019b ldquoNo Time to Wait Securing the future from drug-resistant infectionsrdquo Report to the Secretary-General of the United Nations httpswwwwhointantimicrobial-resistanceinteragency-coordination-groupIACG_final_report_ENpdfua=1
Ibrahim NH K Maruan HAM Khairy YH Hong AF Dali and CF Neoh 2018 ldquoEconomic evaluations on antimicrobial stewardship programme a systematic reviewrdquo J Pharm Pharm Sci 20 397ndash406
International Working Group on Financing Preparedness 2017 From panic and neglect to investing in health security financing pandemic preparedness at a national level Washington DC World Bank
IOMC (Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals) 2014 ldquoThe international code of conduct on pesticide managementrdquo httpwwwfaoorg3a-i3604epdf
Jaffee S S Henson L Unnevehr D Grace and E Cassou 2019 The Safe Food Imperative Accelerating Progress in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Agriculture and Food Series Washington DC World Bank httpsopenknowledgeworldbankorghandle1098630568
Jaisue S S Phomtavong S Eua-anant and GN Borlace 2017 ldquoDispensing pattern for acute non-infectious diarrhoea in children at community pharmacies in Thailandrdquo J Pharm Pract Res 47 383ndash388
Jakovljevic M S Al Ahdab M Jurisevic and S Mouselli 2018 ldquoAntibiotic resistance in Syria a local problem turns into a global threatrdquo Front Public Health 6 212
Jensen J N C Kyvsgaard A Battisti and KE Baptiste 2018 ldquoEnvironmental and public health related risk of veterinary zinc in pig production - Using Denmark as an examplerdquo Environment International 114 181-190 httpsdoiorg101016jenvint201802007
Johnson L B Wandera N Jensen and R Banerjee 2018 ldquoCompeting expectations in an index-based livestock insurance projectrdquo J Develop Studies 55 1221ndash1239
JPIAMR (Joint Programming Initiative on Antimicrobial Resistance) 2017 ldquoMapping of AMR research funding a comprehensive overview of the 2017 antimicrobial resistance research landscape in the JPIAMR countriesrdquo httpswwwjpiamreuwp-contentuploads201902Mapping-of-AMR-research-funding-2017-reportpdf
Kamradt-Scott A DDominey-Howes and M Labbate 2017 ldquoOn the value of viewing antimicrobial resistance as a threat to international security AMR controlrdquo httpresistancecontrolinfo2017on-the-value-of-viewing-antimicrobial-resistance-as-a-threat-to-international-security
KardaÅ›-SÅ‚oma L P-Y Boeumllle L Opatowski D Guillemot and L Temime 2013 ldquoAntibiotic reduction campaigns do not necessarily decrease bacterial resistance the example of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureusrdquo Antimicrob Agents Chemother 57 4410ndash4416 httpsdoiorg101128AAC00711-13
Kashuba E AA Dmitriev SM Kamal O Melefors G Griva U Roumlmling I Ernberg V Kashuba and A Brouchkov 2017 ldquoAncient permafrost staphylococci carry antibiotic resistance genesrdquo Microb Ecol Health Dis 28 1345574 httpsdoiorg1010801651223520171345574
Kaur A S Gandra P Gupta Y Mehta R Laxminarayan and S Sengupta 2017 ldquoClinical outcome of dual colistin- and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections a single-center retrospective study of 75 cases in Indiardquo Am J Infect Control 45 1289ndash1291 httpsdoiorg101016jajic201706028
Kelly R G Zoubiane D Walsh R Ward and H Goossens 2015 ldquoPublic funding for research on antibacterial resistance in the JPIAMR countries the European Commission and related European Union agencies a systematic observational analysisrdquo Lancet 16 431ndash440 httpsdoiorg101016S1473-3099(15)00350-3
Kieny M-P TG Evans S Scarpetta ET Kelley N Klazinga I Forde JHM Veillard S Leatherman S Syed SM Kim SB Nejad and L Donaldson 2018 Delivering quality health services a global imperative for universal health coverage Washington DC World Bank
Klein EY TPV Boeckel EM Martinez S Pant S Gandra SA Levin H Goossens and R Laxminarayan 2018 ldquoGlobal increase and geographic convergence in antibiotic consumption between 2000 and 2015rdquo Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 115 E3463ndashE3470 httpsdoiorg101073pnas1717295115
Klemm EJ S Shakoor AJ Page FN Qamar K Judge DK Saeed VK Wong TJ Dallman S Nair S Baker G Shaheen S Qureshi MT Yousafzai MK Saleem Z Hasan G Dougan and R Hasan 2018 ldquoEmergence of an extensively drug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi clone harboring a promiscuous plasmid encoding resistance to fluoroquinolones and third-generation cephalosporinsrdquo mBio 9 e00105-18 httpsdoiorg101128mBio00105-18
KNUST (Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology) 2016 ldquoAssessment of wastewater treatment plants in Ghanardquo
Kovaacutecs E 2011 ldquoLessons from the Danish ban on antimicrobial growth promotersrdquo Interfaith Center on Corporate Responsibility httpswwwiccrorgsitesdefaultfiles090711LessonsFromTheDanishBanpdf
Landecker H 2016 ldquoAntibiotic Resistance and the Biology of Historyrdquo Body amp Society 22(4) 19ndash52
Landecker H 2019 ldquoAntimicrobials before antibiotics war peace and disinfectantsrdquo Palgrave Communications vol 5 article number 45
Lansang MA R Lucas-Aquino TE Tupasi VS Mina LS Salazar N Juban TT Limjoco LE Nisperos and CM Kunin 1990 ldquoPurchase of antibiotics without prescription in Manila the Philippines Inappropriate choices and dosesrdquo J Clin Epidemiol 43 61ndash67
Larsson D J 2014 ldquoPollution from drug manufacturing review and perspectivesrdquo Phil Trans R Soc B 369 20130571
Laxminarayan R T Van Boeckel and A Teillant 2015 The economic costs of withdrawing antimicrobial growth promoters from the livestock sector OECD Food Agriculture and Fisheries Papers Paris OECD httpsdoiorg1017875js64kst5wvl-en
77
Lhermie GYT Groumlhn and D Raboisson 2017 ldquoAddressing antimicrobial resistance an overview of priority actions to prevent suboptimal antimicrobial use in food-animal productionrdquo Front Microbiol 7 2114 httpsdoiorg103389fmicb201602114
Lindland E and A Volmert 2017 ldquoGetting below the surface mapping the gaps between expert and public understandings of ocean change and marine conservation in the UKrdquo Washington DC FrameWorks Institute
Lood R G Ertuumlrk and B Mattiasson 2017 ldquoRevisiting antibiotic resistance spreading in wastewater treatment plantsmdashbacteriophages as a much neglected potential transmission vehiclerdquo Front Microbiol 8 2298 httpsdoiorg103389fmicb201702298
Lorencatto F E Charani N Sevdalis C Tarrant and P Daveys 2018 ldquoDriving sustainable change in antimicrobial prescribing practice how can social and behavioural sciences helprdquo J Antimicrob Chemother 2018 (July 17) doi101093jacdky222
Lua DT and NTL Huong 2017 ldquoVietnam development of national action plan on AMRrdquo Paper presented at the FMMRAS298 Strengthening capacities policies and national action plans on prudent and responsible use of antimicrobials in fisheries Final workshop in cooperation with AVA Singapore and INFOFISH Singapore httpwwwfaoorgfistatic-mediaMeetingDocumentsWorkshopAMR17presentations26pdf
Luumlbbert C et al 2017 ldquoEnvironmental pollution with antimicrobial agents from bulk drug manufacturing industries in Hyderabad South India is associated with dissemination of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and carbapenemase-producing pathogensrdquo Infection 45 479ndash491
MARD (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Vietnam) 2017 ldquoNational action plan for antimicrobial use management and antimicrobial resistance prevention in animal husbandry and aquaculture in the period 2017ndash2020rdquo
McDonaldrsquos 2017 ldquoMcDonaldrsquos global vision for antibiotic stewardship in food animalsrdquo httpsstage-corporatemcdonaldscomcontentdamgwscorpscale-for-goodMcDonalds-Global-Vision-for-Antimicrobial-Stewardship-in-Foodpdf
McKenna M 2019 ldquoThe Radical Plan to Change How Antibiotics Get Developedrdquo Wired httpswwwwiredcomstorythe-radical-plan-to-change-how-antibiotics-get-developed
McNulty CAM T Nichols PJ Boyle M Woodhead and P Davey 2010 ldquoThe English antibiotic awareness campaigns did they change the publicrsquos knowledge of and attitudes to antibiotic userdquo J Antimicrob Chemother 65 1526ndash1533 httpsdoiorg101093jacdkq126
Michie S L Atkins and R West 2014 The behaviour change wheel a guide to designing interventions Surrey Silverback Publishing
Michie S MM van Stralen and R West 2011 ldquoThe behaviour change wheel a new method for characterising and designing behaviour change interventionsrdquo Implement Sci 6 42
Moumllstad S S Loumlfmark K Carlin M Erntell O Aspevall L Blad H Hanberger K Hedin J Hellman C Norman G Skoog C Staringlsby-Lundborg K Tegmark Wisell C Aringhreacuten and O Cars 2017 ldquoLessons learnt during 20 years of the Swedish strategic programme against antibiotic resistancerdquo Bull World Health Organ 95 764ndash773 httpsdoiorg102471BLT16184374
Munk P BE Knudsen O Lukjancenko ASR Duarte LV Gompel REC Luiken LAM Smit H Schmitt AD Garcia RB Hansen TN Petersen A Bossers E Ruppeacute O Lund T Hald SJ Pamp H Vigre D Heederik JA Wagenaar D Mevius and FM Aarestrup 2018 ldquoAbundance and diversity of the faecal resistome in slaughter pigs and broilers in nine European countriesrdquo Nat Microbiol 3 898ndash908 httpsdoiorg101038s41564-018-0192-9
Murphy D A Ricci Z Auce JG Beechinor H Bergendahl R Breathnach J Bureš D Da Silva J Pedro and J Hederovaacute 2017 ldquoEMA and EFSA Joint Scientific Opinion on measures to reduce the need to use antimicrobial agents in animal husbandry in the European Union and the resulting impacts on food safetyrdquo EFSA J 154666
Nelson R 2003 ldquoAntibiotic development pipeline runs dryrdquo Lancet 362 1726ndash1727 httpsdoiorg101016S0140-6736(03)14885-4
Nelson ML and SB Levy 2011 ldquoThe history of the tetracyclinesrdquo Ann N Y Acad Sci 1241 17ndash32 httpsdoiorg101111j1749-6632201106354x
Newman MJ E Frimpong ES Donkor and JA Opintan 2011 ldquoResistance to antimicrobial drugs in Ghanardquo Infect Drug Resist 4 215ndash20
Nguyen-Viet H TT Tuyet-Hahn F Unger S Dang-Xuan and D Grace 2017 ldquoFood safety in Vietnam where we are at and what we can learn from international experiencesrdquo Infect Dis Poverty 6 39 httpsdoiorg101186s40249-017-0249-7
Ocan M EA Obuku F Bwanga D Akena S Richard J Ogwal-Okeng and C Obua 2015 ldquoHousehold antimicrobial self-medication a systematic review and meta-analysis of the burden risk factors and outcomes in developing countriesrdquo BMC Public Health 15 742 httpsdoiorg101186s12889-015-2109-3
OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) 2015 Antimicrobial resistance in G7 countries and beyond economic issues policies and options for action Paris OECD httpswwwoecdorgelshealth-systemsAntimicrobial-Resistance-in-G7-Countries-and-Beyondpdf
OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) 2016 Antimicrobial Resistance Policy Insights Paris OECD httpswwwoecdorghealthhealth-systemsAMR-Policy-Insights-November2016pdf
OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) 2018 Stemming the superbug tide Paris OECD httpsreadoecd-ilibraryorgsocial-issues-migration-healthstemming-the-superbug-tide_9789264307599-en
78 Pulling Together to Beat Superbugs
OIE (World Organisation for Animal Health) 2015 ldquoReport of the meeting of the ad hoc group on prioritization of diseases for which vaccines could reduce antimicrobial use in animalsrdquo httpwwwoieintfileadminSSTadhocreportsDiseases20for20which20Vaccines20could20reduce20Antimicrobial20UseANAHG_AMUR_Vaccines_Apr2015pdf
OIE (World Organisation for Animal Health) 2017 OIE annual report on antimicrobial agents intended for use in animals better understanding of the global situation httpwwwoieintfileadminHomeengOur_scientific_expertisedocspdfAMRAnnual_Report_AMR_2pdf
OIE (World Organisation for Animal Health) 2019 Terrestrial Animal Health Code httpwwwoieintenstandard-settingterrestrial-codeaccess-online
OrsquoNeill J 2016 Tackling drug-resistant infections globally final report and recommendations London Wellcome Trust and Government of the United Kingdom
Papoutsi C K Mattick M Pearson N Brennan S Briscoe and G Wong 2017 ldquoSocial and professional influences on antimicrobial prescribing for doctors-in-training a realist reviewrdquo J Antimicrob Chemother 72 2418ndash2430 httpsdoiorg101093jacdkx194
Pereira NR E Castro-Sanchez and D Nathwani 2017 ldquoHow can multi-professional education support better stewardshiprdquo Infect Dis Rep 9 6917 httpsdoiorg104081idr20176917
Peters DH T Adam O Alonge IA Agyepong and NTran 2014 ldquoImplementation research what it is and how to do itrdquo BMJ 347 f6753 httpsdoiorg101136bmjf6753
Petlock B N Huong B Huong and P Thu 2017 ldquoMARD revises regulations on feed managementrdquo Report Number VM7030 Hanoi
Philips DE JL Dieleman SS Lim and J Shearer 2017 ldquoDeterminants of effective vaccine coverage in low and middle-income countries a systematic review and interpretive synthesisrdquo BMC Health Serv Res 17 681 httpsdoiorg101186s12913-017-2626-0
Pinder RJ D Berry A Sallis and T Chadborn 2015 Antibiotic prescribing and behaviour change in healthcare settings literature review and behavioural analysis Department of Health amp Public Health England
Podolsky S H 2015 The Antibiotic Era Reform Resistance and the Pursuit of a Rational Therapeutics Baltimore MD Johns Hopkins University Press
Postma M M Sjoumllund L Collineau S Loumlsken KDC Staumlrk and J Dewulf 2015 ldquoAssigning defined daily doses animal a European multi-country experience for antimicrobial products authorized for usage in pigsrdquo J Antimicrob Chemother 70 294ndash302 httpsdoiorg101093jacdku347
Public Health England 2016 httpswwwgovukgovernmentpublicationshealth-matters-antimicrobial-resistancehealth-matters-antimicrobial-resistance
Pumart P T Phodha V Thamlikitkul A Riewpaiboon P Prakongsai and S Limwattananon 2012 ldquoHealth and economic impacts of antimicrobial resistance in Thailandrdquo[Thai] J Health Serv Res Policy 6 352ndash360
Rammelkamp CH and T Maxon 1942ldquo Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to the action of penicillinrdquo Exp Biol Med 51 386ndash389 httpsdoiorg10318100379727-51-13986
Rawson TM TP Butters LSP Moore E Castro-Saacutenchez FJ Cooke and AH Holmes 2016 ldquoExploring the coverage of antimicrobial stewardship across UK clinical postgraduate training curriculardquo J Antimicrob Chemother 71 3284ndash3292 httpsdoiorg101093jacdkw280
ReAct 2016 ldquoAntibiotic Smart Use Thailand Involving community to curb antibiotic resistancerdquo httpswwwreactgrouporgwp-contentuploads201610Antibiotic-Smart-Use-project-case-studypdf
Republic of Ghana 2017 Ghana national action plan for antimicrobial use and resistance httpwwwmohgovghwp-contentuploads201804NAP_FINAL_PDF_A4_19032018-SIGNED-1pdf
RepublikanrsquoI Madagasikara 2018 Plan drsquoaction national pour combattre la reacutesistance aux antimicrobiens
Restrepo-Meacutendez MC AJD Barros KLM Wong HL Johnson G Pariyo FC Wehrmeister and CG Victora 2016 ldquoMissed opportunities in full immunization coverage findings from low- and lower-middle-income countriesrdquo Glob Health Action 9 30963 httpsdoiorg103402ghav930963
Rex JH and K Outterson K 2016 ldquoAntibiotic reimbursement in a model delinked from sales a benchmark-based worldwide approachrdquo Lancet Infect Dis 16 500ndash505 httpsdoiorg101016S1473-3099(15)00500-9
Rittel HWJ and MM Webber 1973 ldquoDilemmas in a general theory of planningrdquo Policy Sci 4 155ndash169 httpsdoiorg101007BF01405730
Robinson TP DP Bu J Carrique-Mas EM Fegravevre M Gilbert D Grace SI Hay J Jiwakanon M Kakkar S Kariuki R Laxminarayan J Lubroth U Magnusson P Thi Ngoc TP Van Boeckel and MEJ Woolhouse 2016 ldquoAntibiotic resistance is the quintessential one health issuerdquo Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 110 377ndash380 httpsdoiorg101093trstmhtrw048
Roope LSJ RD Smith KB Pouwels J Buchanan L Abel P Eibich CC Butler PS Tan AS Walker JV Robotham and S Wordsworth 2019 ldquoThe challenge of antimicrobial resistance what economics can contributerdquo Science 364 6435
Saam M B Huttner and S Harbath 2016 ldquoEvaluation of antibiotic awareness campaignsrdquo httpswwwwhointselection_medicinescommitteesexpert21applicationss6_antibiotic_awareness_campaignspdf
Sharma N S Chakrabarti and S Grover 2016 ldquoGender differences in caregiving among familymdashcaregivers of people with mental illnessesrdquo World J Psychiatry 6 7ndash17
Siddiqui Z 2016 ldquoIndia drug industry lobby hits back at antibiotic pollution claimsrdquo Reuters Oct 27 2016
79
Sikkens JJ MA van Agtmael EJG Peters KD Lettinga M van der Kuip CM J E Vandenbroucke-Grauls C Wagner and MHH Kramer 2017 ldquoBehavioral Approach to Appropriate Antimicrobial Prescribing in Hospitals The Dutch Unique Method for Antimicrobial Stewardship (DUMAS) Participatory Intervention Studyrdquo JAMA Intern Med 177(8)1130ndash1138 doi101001jamainternmed20170946
Silbergeld E A Aidara-Kane and J Dailey 2017 ldquoAgriculture and food production as drivers of the global emergence and dissemination of antimicrobial resistancerdquo httpresistancecontrolinfo2017agriculture-and-food-production-as-drivers-of-the-global-emergence-and-dissemination-of-antimicrobial-resistance
Smith KF M Goldberg S Rosenthal L Carlson J Chen C Chen and S Ramachandran 2014 ldquoGlobal rise in human infectious disease outbreaksrdquo 11 J R Soc Interface httpsdoiorg101098rsif20140950
Smith R 2015 ldquoAntimicrobial resistance is a social problem requiring a social solutionrdquo BMJ 350 h2682 httpsdoiorg101136bmjh2682
Sneeringer S J MacDonald N Key W McBride and K Mathews 2015 ldquoEconomics of antibiotic use in US livestock productionrdquo ERR-200 Washington DC US Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service
Sommanustweechai A S Chanvatik V Sermsinsiri S Sivilaikul W Patcharanarumol S Yeung and V Tangcharoensathien 2018 ldquoAntibiotic distribution channels in Thailand results of key-informant interviews reviews of drug regulations and database searchesrdquo Bull World Health Organ 96 101
Stevens KB J Gilbert WD Strachan J Robertson AM Johnston and DU Pfeiffer 2007 ldquoCharacteristics of commercial pig farms in Great Britain and their use of antimicrobialsrdquo Vet Rec 161 45ndash52
Sumpradit N P Chongtrakul K Anuwong S Pumtong K Kongsomboon P Butdeemee J Khonglormyati S Chomyong P Tongyoung S Losiriwat P Seesuk P Suwanwaree and V Tangcharoensathien 2012a ldquoAntibiotics Smart Use a workable model for promoting the rational use of medicines in Thailandrdquo Bull World Health Organ 90 905ndash913
Sumpradit N 2012b ldquoAntibiotics Smart Use program Thailandrsquos experiences in promoting rational use of antibioticsrdquo (presentation) httpswwwwhointpatientsafetyimplementationamrpresentation_NithimaSumpraditpdf
Sumpradit N S Wongkongkathep S Poonpolsup N Janejai W Paveenkittiporn P Boonyarit S Jaroenpoj N Kiatying-Angsulee W Kalpravidh A Sommanustweechai and VTangcharoensathien 2017 ldquoNew chapter in tackling antimicrobial resistance in Thailandrdquo BMJ 358 j3415
Swann Report 1969 ldquoUse of antibiotics in animal husbandry and veterinary medicinerdquo HC Deb 7911525ndash31 httpsapiparliamentukhistoric-hansardcommons1969nov20use-of-antibiotics-in-animal-husbandry
Sweileh WM NY Shraim SW Al-Jabi AF Sawalha AS AbuTaha and SH Zyoud 2016 ldquoBibliometric analysis of global scientific research on carbapenem resistance (1986ndash2015)rdquo Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 15 56 httpsdoiorg101186s12941-016-0169-6
Tafa B A Endale and D Bekele 2017 ldquoParamedical staffs knowledge and attitudes towards antimicrobial resistance in Dire Dawa Ethiopia a cross sectional studyrdquo Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 16 64 httpsdoiorg101186s12941-017-0241-x
Tchao M 2000 ldquoLe meacutedicament veacuteteacuterinaire dans les pays de lrsquoUnion Economique et Moneacutetaire Ouest Africain aspect leacutegislatif thegraveserdquo Meacuted Veacutet 5
The Pew Charitable Trusts 2016 ldquoJudicious animal antibiotic use require drug label refinementsrdquo httpswwwpewtrustsorg~mediaassets201610judicious_animal_antibiotic_use_requires_drug_label_refinementspdf
The Pew Charitable Trusts 2019 ldquoTracking the global pipeline of antibiotics in developmentrdquo httpswwwpewtrustsorgenresearch-and-analysisissue-briefs201903tracking-the-global-pipeline-of-antibiotics-in-development
The Review on Antimicrobial Resistance 2015 ldquoAntimicrobials in agriculture and the environment reducing unnecessary use and wasterdquo
Theuretzbacher U S Gottwalt P Beyer M Butler L Czaplewski C Lienhardt L Moja M Paul S Paulin JH Rex LL Silver M Spigelman GE Thwaites J-P Paccaud and S Harbarth 2018 ldquoAnalysis of the clinical antibacterial and antituberculosis pipelinerdquo Lancet Infect Dis 19 e40ndashe50 httpsdoiorg101016S1473-3099(18)30513-9
Tiong JJL JSE Loo and C-W Mai 2016 ldquoGlobal antimicrobial stewardship a closer look at the formidable implementation challengesrdquo Front Microbiol 7 httpsdoiorg103389fmicb201601860
UEMOA Ministerrsquos Council 2006a ldquoInstituant un reacuteseau de laboratoires chargeacutes du controle de la qualiteacute des meacutedicaments veterinaires dans la zone de lrsquoUEMOArdquo REGLEMENT Ndeg 04 2006CMUEMOA httpwwwuemoaintsitesdefaultfilesbibliothequereglement_04_2006_cm_uemoapdf
UEMOA Ministerrsquos Council 2006b ldquoPortant creacuteation et modaliteacutes de fonctionnement drsquoun comiteacute veacuteteacuterinaire au sein de lrsquoUEMOArdquo REGLEMENT Ndeg012006CMUEMOA httpwwwuemoaintsitesdefaultfilesbibliothequereglement_01_2006_cm_uemoapdf
UN Statistics Division 2018 Country profiles Ghana httpdataunorgenisoghhtml
Valleacutee O 2006 La construction de lrsquoobjet corruption en Afrique Afrique contemporaine 220 137ndash62 httpsdoiorg103917afco2200137
Van Boeckel TP C Brower M Gilbert BT Grenfell SA Levin TP Robinson A Teillant and R Laxminarayan 2015 ldquoGlobal trends in antimicrobial use in food animalsrdquo Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 112 5649ndash5654 httpsdoiorg101073pnas1503141112
80 Pulling Together to Beat Superbugs
Van Boeckel TP EE Glennon D Chen M Gilbert TP Robinson BTGrenfell SA Levin S Bonhoeffer and R Laxminarayan 2017 ldquoReducing antimicrobial use in food animalsrdquo Science 357 1350ndash1352 httpsdoiorg101126scienceaao1495
Van Dijck C E Vlieghe and JA Cox 2018 ldquoAntibiotic stewardship interventions in hospitals in low-and middle-income countries a systematic reviewrdquo Bull World Health Organ 96 266ndash280 httpsdoiorg102471BLT17203448
Van Katwyk SR MEacute Danik I Pantis R Smith J-A Roslashttingen and SJ Hoffman 2016 ldquoDeveloping an approach to assessing the political feasibility of global collective action and an international agreement on antimicrobial resistancerdquo Glob Health Res Policy 1 20 httpsdoiorg101186s41256-016-0020-9
Van Katwyk SR SL Jones and SJ Hoffman 2018 ldquoMapping educational opportunities for healthcare workers on microbial resistance and stewardship around the worldrdquo Hum Resour Health 16 9
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Viet D 2014 ldquoHanoi vows to build more supermarkets eliminate traditional marketsrdquo VietNamNetBridge Sept 29 2014 httpenglishvietnamnetvnfmsbusiness112996hanoi-vows-to-build-more-supermarkets--eliminate-traditional-marketshtml
Walbadet L 2007 ldquoEacutetude de la distribution et de la qualiteacute des meacutedicaments veacuteteacuterinaires au Seacuteneacutegal cas des reacutegions de Dakar Kaolack et Thiesrdquo Universite Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar Dakar
Wellcome Trust 2015 ldquoExploring the consumer perspective on antimicrobial resistancerdquo London Wellcome Trust httpswellcomeacuksitesdefaultfilesexploring-consumer-perspective-on-antimicrobial-resistance-jun15pdf
Wellcome Trust 2016 ldquoEvidence for action on antimicrobial resistancerdquo London Wellcome Trust httpswellcomeacuksitesdefaultfilesevidence-for-action-on-antimicrobial-resistance-wellcome-sep16pdf
Wellcome Trust 2018 ldquoTanzania changing how antibiotics are dispensedrdquo News Nov 12 2018
Wertheim-Heck S C O and G Spaargaren 2016 ldquoShifting Configurations of Shopping Practices and Food Safety Dynamics in Hanoi Vietnam A Historical Analysisrdquo Agriculture and Human Values 33 (3) 655ndash71 httpsdoiorg101007s10460-015-9645-4
Wi T MM Lahra F Ndowa M Bala J-A R Dillon P Ramon-Pardo SR Eremin G Bolan and M Unemo 2017 ldquoAntimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae Global surveillance and a call for international collaborative actionrdquo PLOS Med 14 e1002344 httpsdoiorg101371journalpmed1002344
WHO (World Health Organization) 2013 ldquoTransforming and scaling up health professionalsrsquo education and training WHO education guidelines 2013rdquo httpsappswhointirisbitstreamhandle10665936359789241506502_engpdfsequence=1
WHO (World Health Organization) 2014 ldquoAntimicrobial resistance an emerging water sanitation and hygiene issuerdquo Briefing note httpsappswhointirisbitstreamhandle10665204948WHO_FWC_WSH_147_engpdfsequence=1
WHO (World Health Organization) M Bigdeli D Peters and A Wagner 2014 Alliance for health policy and systems research flagship report 2014 Medicines in health systems advancing access affordability and appropriate use World Health Organization httpsappswhointirishandle10665179197
WHO (World Health Organization) 2015a ldquoGlobal action plan on antimicrobial resistancerdquo httpwwwwprowhointentitydrug_resistanceresourcesglobal_action_plan_engpdf
WHO (World Health Organization) 2015b ldquoThe Kingdom of Thailand health system reviewrdquo Manila WHO Reg Off West Pac httpwwwwhointirishandle10665208216
WHO (World Health Organization) FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) and OIE (World Organisation for Animal Health) 2016 Antimicrobial resistance a manual for developing national action plans httpsappswhointirisbitstreamhandle106652044709789241549530_engpdfsequence=1
WHO (World Health Organization) 2017a ldquoStop misuse of antibioticsmdashcombat resistancerdquo httpwwwwprowhointvietnammediacentrereleases2017AMRweek2017en
WHO (World Health Organization) 2017b Global Surveillance and Monitoring System for substandard and falsified medicinal products httpswwwwhointmedicinesregulationssffcpublicationsGSMS_Report_layoutpdfua=1
WHO (World Health Organization) 2017c ldquoMaximum possible marks to Indian NRA in WHO assessmentrdquo httpwwwsearowhointindiamediacentreevents2017press_release_nra_who_assessmentpdf
WHO (World Health Organization) 2017d WHO guidelines on use of medically important antimicrobials in food-producing animals httpsappswhointirisbitstreamhandle106652589709789241550130-engpdfsequence=1
WHO (World Health Organization) 2017eldquo Integrated Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Bacteria Application of a One Health Approachrdquo httpsappswhointirisbitstreamhandle106652557479789241512411-engpdfjsessionid=35F97E8E1214192AB86414835B7E6624sequence=1
WHO (World Health Organization) 2017f ldquoPlaguemdashMadagascarrdquo httpswwwwhointcsrdon27-november-2017-plague-madagascaren
WHO (World Health Organization) 2018a ldquoResource mobilization for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) Getting AMR into plans and budgets of government and development partners Ghana country level reportrdquo httpswwwwhointantimicrobial-resistancenational-action-plansGhana-AMR-integration-report-WHO-June-2018pdfua=1
WHO (World Health Organization) 2018b ldquoGlobal antimicrobial resistance surveillance system (GLASS) report early implementation 2016ndash2017rdquo httpswwwwhointglassresourcespublicationsearly-implementation-reporten
WHO (World Health Organization) 2018c Water Sanitation and Hygiene Strategy 2018ndash2025 httpsappswhointirisbitstreamhandle10665274273WHO-CED-PHE-WSH-1803-engpdfua=1
81
WHO (World Health Organization) 2018d ldquoTackling antimicrobial resistance (AMR) togetherrdquo Working paper 50 Enhancing the focus on gender and equity Geneva World Health Organization (WHOHWSIAMR20183)
WHO (World Health Organization) 2018e ldquoCompetency framework for health workersrsquo education and training on antimicrobial resistancerdquo Geneva World Health Organization 2018 (WHOHISHWFAMR20181)
WHO (World Health Organization) 2018f ldquoDisease outbreak news Typhoid fever ndash Islamic Republic of Pakistanrdquo httpswwwwhointcsrdon27-december-2018-typhoid-pakistanen
WHO (World Health Organization) FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) and OIE (World Organisation for Animal Health) 2018 ldquoMonitoring global progress on addressing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) analysis report of the second round of results of AMR country self-assessment surveyrdquo
WHOUNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme 2015 ldquoHousehold datardquo httpswashdataorgdata (accessed May 17 2019)
Wong VK S Baker DJ Pickard J Parkhill AJ Page NA Feasey RA Kingsley NR Thomson JA Keane F-X Weill DJ Edwards J Hawkey SR Harris AE Mather AK Cain J Hadfield PJ Hart NTV Thieu EJ Klemm DA Glinos RF Breiman CH Watson S Kariuki MA Gordon RS Heyderman C Okoro J Jacobs O Lunguya WJ Edmunds C Msefula JA Chabalgoity M Kama K Jenkins S Dutta F Marks J Campos C Thompson S Obaro CA MacLennan C Dolecek KH Keddy AM Smith CM Parry A Karkey EK Mulholland JI Campbell S Dongol B Basnyat M Dufour D Bandaranayake TT Naseri SP Singh M Hatta P Newton RS Onsare L Isaia D Dance V Davong G Thwaites L Wijedoru JA Crump ED Pinna S Nair EJ Nilles DP Thanh P Turner S Soeng M Valcanis J Powling K Dimovski G Hogg J Farrar KE Holt and G Dougan 2015 ldquoPhylogeographical analysis of the dominant multidrug-resistant H58 clade of Salmonella Typhi identifies inter- and intracontinental transmission eventsrdquo Nat Genet 47 632ndash639 httpsdoiorg101038ng3281
Woods A 2019 ldquoDecentring antibiotics UK responses to the diseases of intensive pig production (ca 1925-65)rdquo Palgrave Commun 5 41 httpsdoiorg101057s41599-019-0246-5
World Bank 2017a laquoDrug resistant infections a threat to our economic futureraquo World Bank Washington DC httpswwwworldbankorgentopichealthpublicationdrug-resistant-infections-a-threat-to-our-economic-future
World Bank 2017b ldquoFood safety risk management in Vietnam challenges and opportunitiesrdquo Technical working paper Hanoi World Bank
World Bank 2017c Enabling the Business of Agriculture Washington DC World Bank httpebaworldbankorgreports
Wuijts S HHJL van den Berg J Miller L Abebe M Sobsey A Andremont KO Medlicott MWJ van Passel and AM de Roda Husman 2017 ldquoTowards a research agenda for water sanitation and antimicrobial resistancerdquo J Water Health 15 175ndash184 httpsdoiorg102166wh2017124
Yevutsey SK K Ohene Buabeng M Aikins B Anto RB Biritwum N Frimodt-Moslashller and M Gyansa-Lutterodt 2017 ldquoSituational analysis of antibiotic use and resistance in Ghana policy and regulationrdquo BMC Public Health 17 896 17101186s12889-017-4910-7
Zankari E H Hasman RS Kaas AM Seyfarth Y Agersoslash O Lund MV Larsen and FM Aarestrup 2013 ldquoGenotyping using whole-genome sequencing is a realistic alternative to surveillance based on phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testingrdquo J Antimicrob Chemother 68 771ndash777 httpsdoiorg101093jacdks496
Zhuo A M Labbate JM Norris GL Gilbert MP Ward BV Bajorek C Degeling SJ Rowbotham A Dawson K-A Nguyen GA Hill-Cawthorne TC Sorrell M Govendir AM Kesson JR Iredell and D Dominey-Howes 2018 ldquoOpportunities and challenges to improving antibiotic prescribing practices through a one health approach results of a comparative survey of doctors dentists and veterinarians in Australiardquo BMJ Open 8 e020439 httpsdoiorg101136bmjopen-2017-020439
Zuumlrcher K M Ballif L Fenner S Borrell PM Keller J Gnokoro O Marcy M Yotebieng L Diero E J Carter N Rockwood RJ Wilkinson H Cox N Ezati AG Abimiku J Collantes A Avihingsanon K Kawkitinarong M Reinhard R Houmlmke R Huebner S Gagneux EC Boumlttger M Egger 2019 ldquoDrug susceptibility testing and mortality in patients treated for tuberculosis in high-burden countries a multicentre cohort studyrdquo Lancet Infect Dis 19 298ndash307 httpsdoiorg101016S1473-3099(18)30673-X
Antimicrobials have saved hundreds of millions of lives and substantially contributed to development and economic growth However they are now losing their power because of the microorganismsrsquo acquired capacity to withstand the drugs designed to kill them to inactivate or slow their growth antimicrobial resistance (AMR)
Unchecked AMR could severely reduce global economic output and hobble human and sustainable development progress in the decades ahead AMR is a development issue
The report shows that we are facing a major gap between ldquoknowingrdquo and ldquodoingrdquo Abundant knowledge exists about many aspects of AMR yet people do not seem to know what to do or how to do it This calls for major efforts to be made in the field of implementation research to bridge knowledge and actions in real-world settings
AMR-sensitive interventions can be designed and delivered in such a way that they contribute cobenefits in addressing AMR In building roads ports and other urban developments as well as through interventions to build health systems improve animal husbandry or improve water and sanitation there are opportunities to maximize impact on AMR
Pulling Together to Beat Superbugs
Knowledge and Implementation Gaps in Addressing Antimicrobial Resistance
October 2019