Psychosocial Psychosocial Considerations Considerations of the Workplace of the Workplace Working Hours Working Hours Shiftwork Shiftwork Human Behaviour Human Behaviour Biopsychosocial model Biopsychosocial model Mental Distress Mental Distress Occupational ill-health Occupational ill-health Dr. Craig Jackson Dr. Craig Jackson Senior Lecturer in Psychology Senior Lecturer in Psychology BCU BCU
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Psychosocial Considerations of the Workplace Working Hours Shiftwork Human Behaviour
Psychosocial Considerations of the Workplace Working Hours Shiftwork Human Behaviour Biopsychosocial model Mental Distress Occupational ill-health Dr. Craig Jackson Senior Lecturer in Psychology BCU. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Dr. Craig JacksonDr. Craig JacksonSenior Lecturer in PsychologySenior Lecturer in Psychology
BCUBCU
““Peoples’ health should be Peoples’ health should be no worse at the end of a no worse at the end of a working day than it was at the working day than it was at the start”start”
M.J. Harrington M.J. Harrington (1997)(1997)
““People who work sitting People who work sitting down get paid more than down get paid more than people who work standing people who work standing up”up”
Uncontrolled spontaneous episodes of sleepUncontrolled spontaneous episodes of sleep
Can last seconds or minutesCan last seconds or minutes
Disengages from reality and becomes unresponsiveDisengages from reality and becomes unresponsive
Fail to respond to outside informationFail to respond to outside information
Aircraft cruising at 450 knots on glide path can travel nearly Aircraft cruising at 450 knots on glide path can travel nearly 730 feet during a one-second lapse.730 feet during a one-second lapse.
123 feet
Near Misses and HitsNear Misses and Hits
Headlines of 1Headlines of 1stst Gulf War Gulf War
BABY IS GULF WAR BABY IS GULF WAR SYNDROME VICTIMSYNDROME VICTIM
JABS LINKED TO GULF WAR JABS LINKED TO GULF WAR SYNDROMESYNDROME
MORE THAN 10,000 DEAD MORE THAN 10,000 DEAD FROM GULF WAR SYNDROME!FROM GULF WAR SYNDROME!
GWS and Yank’s gift of GWS and Yank’s gift of Coca-ColaCoca-Cola
Regulation of working hoursRegulation of working hours
Environmental effects upon PerformanceEnvironmental effects upon Performance
Longer off work = Less likely to return to workLonger off work = Less likely to return to work%
retu
rnin
g to
wor
k
10 2
0 3
0 4
0 5
0 6
0 7
0 8
0 9
0 10
0
months not working
<1 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Waddell, 1994Waddell, 1994
““The good physician treats The good physician treats the disease, but the great the disease, but the great
physician treats the person.”physician treats the person.”
William Osler William Osler
Regional PictureRegional Picture
Self-reporting?Self-reporting?
Who’s best off?Who’s best off?
Who’s worse off?Who’s worse off?
Work Related Ill-Health in the UKWork Related Ill-Health in the UK
33 Million days lost per year33 Million days lost per year
Males lose more working days than femalesMales lose more working days than females
Days lost increase with ageDays lost increase with age
Low managerial / professionals had highest rate of absenceLow managerial / professionals had highest rate of absence
Most sickly occupations are health & social welfare, construction, teaching,Most sickly occupations are health & social welfare, construction, teaching,and researchand research
Work Related Ill-Health in the UKWork Related Ill-Health in the UK
Bakers appear highly with occupational asthmaBakers appear highly with occupational asthma
Metal workers appear highly with upper limb problemsMetal workers appear highly with upper limb problems
Mesothelioma deaths high in shipbuilders and asbestos workersMesothelioma deaths high in shipbuilders and asbestos workers
Stress, depression and anxiety highest in:Stress, depression and anxiety highest in:Public admin. Public admin. DefenceDefenceEducationEducationHealth workHealth workSocial workSocial work
Troublesome OccupationsTroublesome Occupations
Occupational Health PromotionOccupational Health Promotion
Pre-employment screeningPre-employment screening
Health Surveillance Health Surveillance
Health & Wellbeing PromotionHealth & Wellbeing Promotion
… … has no pre-existing health conditions that could pre-dispose him/her…has no pre-existing health conditions that could pre-dispose him/her…
… … and increase risk of occupational disease / injuryand increase risk of occupational disease / injury
If health problem or pre-disposition is found, work with the employee to still If health problem or pre-disposition is found, work with the employee to still allow them to take the job:allow them to take the job:
1) Eliminate Risk1) Eliminate Risk2) Reduce Risk2) Reduce Risk3) Control Risk3) Control Risk
2) Health Surveillance2) Health Surveillance
Routine medicals / examination of employerRoutine medicals / examination of employerand / orand / or
Routine collection of dataRoutine collection of data
Ensure the current employee….Ensure the current employee….
… … is still fit to work is still fit to work
… … that pre-existing health conditions have not increased risk of occupationalthat pre-existing health conditions have not increased risk of occupationaldisease / injurydisease / injury
3) Health and Wellbeing Promotion3) Health and Wellbeing Promotion
Ensuring ways of working are engineered to optimize healthEnsuring ways of working are engineered to optimize health
1/3 of lifetime spent working 1/3 of lifetime spent working
Ideal environment to “educate” the populationIdeal environment to “educate” the population
Stop smoking clinicsStop smoking clinicsHealthy eatingHealthy eatingDiet adviceDiet adviceExercise clubsExercise clubsGym membershipsGym membershipsErgonomic design and planningErgonomic design and planning
Horizon Scanning…..Horizon Scanning…..
Hearing difficulties in Hearing difficulties in young workers