Psychological Health Chapter 3
Dec 21, 2015
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Mental HealthAbraham Maslow Hierarchy of Needs
Self-Actualized Realism Acceptance Autonomy Intimacy Creativity
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Erikson's Eight Stages of Personality Development
Trust versus mistrust Autonomy versus shame and self-
doubt Initiative versus guilt Industry versus inferiority Identity versus identity confusion Intimacy versus isolation Generativity versus self-absorption Integrity versus despair
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Achieving Healthy Self-esteem Positive Self Concept Meeting the Challenges Less Defensive Optimism
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Honest Communications When you are the speaker:
State your concern as clearly as possible. Take responsibility for your feelings; use “I” statements. Avoid generalizations. Avoid blaming, accusing, and belittling. Ask for action ahead of time, not after the fact.
As a Listener: Don’t give unsolicited advice. Listen reflectively, Don’t interrupt, judge, blame,or
evaluate. Really listen, Try to tune in to the other person’s feelings. Let the other person know that you value what he or she is
saying and want to understand.
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Dealing With Anger Distinguish between gratuitous
expression a reasonable level of self-assertiveness.
Manage your anger. Dealing with anger in other people.
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Psychological Disorders Anxiety
Simple, specific phobias Social phobias Panic disorders Generalized Anxiety disorder (GAD) Obsessive-Compulsive disorders (OCD) Compulsions Post-Traumatic stress disorders (PTSD)
Treatment
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Mood Disorders Depression
Signs/Symptoms Potential of suicide Helping yourself or a friend Treatment
Psychotherapy Drug therapy ECT
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Psychological Disorders Mania Bipolar Disorder
Gender differences Schizophrenia
General characteristics Disorganized thoughts Inappropriate emotions Delusions Auditory hallucinations Deteriorating social and work function
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Models of Human Nature and Therapeutic Change
Four Different perspectives1. Biological – pharmacological therapy2. Behavioral – Stimulus response
reinforcement3. Cognitive – Attitudes, behaviors and
feelings4. Psychodynamic – thoughts
Evaluation of the models