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RELATIONSHIPS quiz

Q1. Name the three filters in the Filter theory

Q2. Kerckhoff & Davis did a study investigating the Filter theory. Which of the following criticisms of this study are correct?

a. It had high external validity because it used real life couples

b. It used self reportc. It used a variety of participants from different

backgroundsd. a & ce. a & b

Q3. The Reward-Need Satisfaction Theory states that relationships are formed if people ....

a. Have the same needs which are fulfilled

b. Have unmet needs which are fulfilled.

c. Meet each other’s needs

d. Both b & c

Q4. Which psychological approach is the Reward-Need theory based on?

Q5. what is the difference between exchange r’ships and communal r’ships in regards to the types of rewards they provide? (Clark and Mills. 1979)

Q6. What did Festinger (1950) find when investigating formation of r’ships?

Q7. Synoptic points for the Reward-need satisfaction theory are …….

a. Reductionist b. Deterministic

c. Ethical issues d. Culturally biased

f. a, b & de. b, c & d

Q8. What are the 4 stages to social exchange theory according to Thibaut and Kelley (1959)

Q9. Social Exchange Theory and Equity Theory are also called ……………. theories.

Q10. Explain the following terms

a. Comparison Levelb. Comparison Level for alternatives

Q11. Which theory can be said to have extended the Social Exchange Theory?

Bonus point if you can name two…..

Q12. Which of the following criticisms are relevant to the Social Exchange Theory

a. Ethical issues b. Culture bias

c. Nature-nurture d. Both a & b

Q13. Name the six phases in Rollie & Duck’s Model of Breakdown of relationships.

1.2.3.4.5.6.

Q14. Briefly describe one study which backs up Rollie & Duck’s Model.

Q15. what are the 5 stages of Lee’s model of relationship breakdown?

Q16. Name one important difference between Rollie & Duck’s Model and Lee’s Model of Breakdown.

Q17. Western relationships are more likely to be

a. Voluntary & permanent

b. Voluntary & temporary

c. Non-voluntary & permanent

d. Non-voluntary & temporary

Q18. The voluntary nature of relationships may be related to

a. Social mobility

b. Urbanization

c. The media d. All of the above

Q19. People in arranged marriages are

a. Less likely to divorce

b. Likely to report they have fallen in love

c. Both a & b d. Neither a nor b

Q20. According to Argyle (1994), what are the 7 basic needs that need to be satisfied....

Q21. What is intrasexual selection?

Q22. According to Evolution, what is physically attractive?

Q23 What do men look for in a partner according to evolutionary explanation?

Q24. What is the parental investment theory (Trivers 1972)?

Q25. what is the difference between men and women’s parental investment?

Q26. what is Cuckoldry?

Q27. Describe the parent-offspring conflict in evolutionary terms

Q28. Sibling rivalry is a contribution to parent-offspring conflict, why?

Q29. Describe Bowlby’s continuity theory.(influence of childhood experiences in adult r’ships)

Q30. What were the findings of Hazen and Shaver’s research into attachment styles and adult r’ships?

And the answers are……

• Swap your answers with the person next to you.

Question 1

• The three filters in the Filter theory are:1. Similarity of social and demographic factors.2. Similarity of attitudes and values.3. Complementing our emotional needs?

Question 2

• Kerckhoff & Davis did a study investigating the Filter theory. Which of the following criticisms of this study are correct?– E. Both a & b – it had high external validity and it used self report.

Question 3

• The Reward-Need Satisfaction Theory states that relationships are formed if people ....– D. Both b & c – have unmet needs which are fulfilled and

meet each other’s needs.

Question 4

• The Behaviourist approach – Classical conditioning– Operant conditioning

Question 5

• Communal r’ships= as r’ship progresses, rewards given as desire to please than the desire for payback

• Exchange r’ships= new r’ship, exchange rewards on a tit for tat basis

Question 6

• Festinger= proximity as a factor which affects formation

• Liking people who are nearby• Close friends= 41% next door neighbour• 22%= two doors down• 10%= opposite end of hallway

Question 7

• Synoptic points for the RNS theory:– E: b, c, d: Deterministic, reductionist, culturally

biased.

Question 8

SamplingBargainingCommitmentInstiutionalisation

Question 9

• Social Exchange Theory and Equity Theory are also called economic theories

Question 10

• Comparison Level:– Comparing current relationship to previous

relationships and general expectation of how rewarding relationships are.

• Comparison Level for alternatives:– Comparing current relationship to what else is on

offer.

Question 11

• Which theory can be said to have extended the SET?– Rusbult’s Investment Model– Walster’s Equity Theory

Question 12

• Relevant criticisms to SET:– D. Both a & b: Ethical issues, culture bias

Question 13

• Rollie & Duck’s six phases:– Breakdown– Intra-psychic phase– Dyadic phase– Social phase– Grave dressing phase– Resurrection phase

Question 14

• One study backing up Rollie & Duck:– Tashiro & Frazier: – Surveyed undergraduates who had recently broken up

with partner– Students reported having experienced both emotional

distress and personal growth.– Breaking up taught them important insights.– Grave dressing allowed them to put original relationship to

rest.– Support for phase 5-6.

Question 15

• Dissatisfaction• Exposure• Negotiation• Resolution attempts• Termination

Question 16

• Important difference between Lee and Rollie & Duck:– Lee’s model offers more scope for saving the

relationship – includes a dedicated phase for ‘attempts to resolve problems’.

– More positive model with greater hope for change.

– Ressurection- reframing of past relational life

Question 17

• Western relationships are more likely to be– B. Voluntary and temporary

Question 18

• The voluntary nature of relationships may be related to:– D. All of the above (Social mobility, urbanization

and the media)

Question 19

• People in arranged marriages are– C. Both a & b: Less likely to divorce, likely to

report they have fallen in love.

Question 20

BiologicalAffiliationDependencyDominanceAggressionSexSelf esteem

Question 21

• Males produce a lot of high mobile sperm• Fertilise many women• Favour behaviours that maximise number of

pregnancies• Male competition• Males seek partners who display signs of

fertility

Question 22

• Women= hour glass figure, youthful looks, symmetrical face,

• men= v shape, symmetrical face, strong jaw line,

Question 23

• Sought youthful partners, physically attractive, health,

Question 24

• Any investment by the parent in an individual offspring that increases the offspring’s chance of surviving at the cost of the parents ability to invest in other offspring

Question 25

• Women= large investment, breast feeding, childbirth, carry baby for 9 months

• Men= don’t invest as much, risk of cuckoldry, invest more in terms of money and protection

Question 26

• Investing in offspring that are not their own• Don’t want to waste resources• Concern for males

Question 27

• Conflict between parent and child as to when child should be weaned

• Child wants investment (attention, love etc) for as long as possible

• Don’t want to lose out on resources to other offspring

Question 28

• Individual offspring want more than there fair share of resources at the expense of their siblings in order to maximise their own fitness

• Compete for attention and resources

Question 29

• Type and quality of r’ship that an individual has with their primary caregiver provides the foundation for adult r’ships

Question 30

• Strong r’ship between childhood attachment type and adulthood attachment type

• If you were securely attached you more likely to establish trusting, stable r’ships

Revision Stations

1. Essay planning

2. Poster power

You have 25 minsOn each station

Pick areas of the topic

which you are least confident

with!!