PsychExchange.co.uk Shared Resource

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PSYCHOLOGY

UNIT TWO REVISON

By ASHA AKHTAR Year 12

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Subject:PsychologyTopic Area: Biological Psychology-Stress

(Unit Two)

By ASHA AKHTAR Year 12

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BIOLGICAL PSYCHOLOGY

PART ONE •Defining stress-sir•Transactional models of stress•Bodies response to stress-HPA and SAM pathway •DIFFERENT EFFECTS ON BODY•Selye’s GAS model-ARE• types of stress: Segerstorm and Miller • immune system:Cohen-common cold - Kiecolt-Glaser et al-naturalistic lifer stressors•Type of stressors and impact on immune system-meta-review

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PART TWO•Life changes and daily hassles- Holmes and Rahe - Rahe et al .•Workplace stress-factors -Karasek -Marmot et al . -Cooper et al- the occupational stress indicator•Personal ity- type A behaviour-Rosenman et al Hardiness-Kobasa

BIOLGICAL PSYCHOLOGY

Sources of Stress

Environment Contro l Workplace Home-workInterference

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PART THREEPSYCHOLOGICAL METHODS OF STRESS

MANAGEMENT INFORMAL- problem versus emotion focused coping FORMAL-CBT-SIT and Hardiness training

PHYSIOLOGICAL METHODS OF STRESS MANAGEMENT

DRUGS-BZ’S and Beta-blockers

PHYSIOLOGICAL and PSYCHOLOGICAL METHODS OF STRESS MANAGEMENT

-biofeedback-relaxation & meditation-physical exercise-social support

BIOLGICAL PSYCHOLOGY

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Subject:PsychologyTopic Area: Social Psychology-Social

Influence (Unit Two)

By ASHA AKHTAR Year 12

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SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

TYPES OF COMFORMITY: -COMPLIANCE (Sherif and Asch ) -IDENTIFICATION (Zimbardo) -INTERNALISATION (clark)FACTORS AFFECTING CONFORMINY

MAJORITY INFLUENCE

MINORITY INFLUENCE

PART ONE

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EXPLAINING MINORITY INFLUENCE

-consistency -dual process theory -social impact theory

-social influence model

EXPLAINING MAJORITY INFLUNECE

WHY PEOPLE CONFORM

Dual process dependency model Normative social influence Informational

social influence

Social identity explanations Referent Informational influence

SOCIAL

PSYCHOLOGY

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OBEDIENCE LAB BASED EXPERIEMNT – MILGRAMFactors affecting obedience

FIELD BASED EXPERIMENT -HOFLING --BICKMAN--SEDIKIDES & JACKSON

ETHICS

CREATION OF AN ALIBI

VALIDITYOF

RESEARCH

CONSEQUENCESOF

SITUATIONAL PERSEPCTIVE

EVALUATION OF RESEARCH

SOCIAL

PSYCHOLOGY

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Why people obey Situational Personality

-legitimate authority-the agency theory -graduated commitment-buffers

-authoritarian personality -Adorno

REAL LIFE OBEDIENCE SITUATIONS FOR EXAMPLE WARS, ATTROCITIES ETC.

SOCIAL

PSYCHOLOGY

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PART TWOWHY PEOPLE RESIST PRESSURES- ASCH, MILGRAM, HOFLING

SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

SITUATIONAL FACTORS IN

DISOBEDIENCE

•Fireman and Rytina •Smith and Mackie

PERSONALITY FACTORS IN

DISOBEDIENCE

•Oliner and oliner •Elms and Milgram

Locus of

control

RotterWilliams and warchalAtgis

Developing independent behaviour and using and abusing power

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Subject:PsychologyTopic Area: Individual Differences-

Abnormality (Unit Two)

By ASHA AKHTAR Year 12

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INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES

DEFINATIONS-DSN-deviation of social norms-FFA-failure to function adequately-DIMH-deviation from mental health

Strengths and weakness

Key assumptions and nature versus nurture debate

1.Structure of personality –id,ego and superego2.Psychosexual development-oral, anal, Phallic and latency stage

Classical, operant and social learning to abnormality WATSON AND RAYNER Beck and Ellis model of negative thoughts

PART ONE

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PART TWO: Treating abnormality

1.Psychosurgery 2.Ect3.Drugs

Link to

Schizophrenia, depression 1.Free association

2.Dream analysis 3.Projective tests Link

to depression‘behavioural therapy’-classical

conditioning1.Systematic desensitisation2.Flooding 3.Aversion therapy

Link to

Phobias,eating disorder

‘behavioural modification’-operant & Social learning Condition 1.Token economy 2.social learning theory

1.Becks cognitive therapy2.CBT

Link to

depress ionINDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES

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Effectivness of therapies1.Small size-patient assesment -placebo control group

1.Elkin et al2.Davidosn et al

Methodological and ethical issues

INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES