PSY285 Chapter 11

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Abnormal Psychology Ninth Edition 9/e

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A PowerPoint™ Slide Presentation for

Lauren B. Alloy, Ph.D.John H. Riskind, Ph.D.Margaret B. Manos

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Chapter 11

Personality Disorders

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Chapter Main Points

Odd/Eccentric Personality Disorders Dramatic/Emotional Personality Disorders Anxious/Fearful Personality Disorders Groups at Risk Personality Disorders: Theory and Therapy

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Personality Disorders Personality Disorder:

An enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual’s culture

Pervasive and inflexible Has an onset in adolescence or early

childhood

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Odd/Eccentric Dramatic/Emotional

Anxious/Fearful

Paranoid PDSchizotypal PDSchizoid PD

Antisocial PDBorderline PDHistrionic PDNarcissistic PD

Avoidant PDDependent PD

Obsessive-compulsive PD

Personality Disorder Clusters

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Odd/Eccentric Personality

Paranoid Personality Disorder: Suspiciousness in almost all situations and

with almost all people, usually for poor reasons

Involves an impairment in cognitive functioning

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Odd/Eccentric Personality

Schizotypal Personality Disorder: Evidence of odd speech, behavior, thinking,

and/or perception, but not odd enough for a diagnosis of schizophrenia

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Odd/Eccentric Personality

Schizoid Personality Disorder: Severely restricted range of emotions that is

most notably associated with social detachment

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Dramatic/Emotional Personality Antisocial Personality Disorder

History of behavior problems in childhood Lack of constancy and responsibility

in relationships, employment, debts Irritability and aggressiveness Reckless and impulsive behavior Disregard for truth, law, social standards

Some serial killers have been diagnosed with Antisocial PD

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Dramatic/Emotional Personality

Borderline Personality Disorder: Difficulties in establishing a secure self-

identity Distrust Impulsive and self-destructive behavior Difficulty in controlling anger and other

emotions

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Dramatic/Emotional Personality

Histrionic Personality Disorder: Self-dramatization: the exaggerated display

of emotion Narcissistic Personality Disorder:

A grandiose sense of self-importance, often combined with periodic feelings of inferiority

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Anxious/Fearful Personality

Avoidant Personality Disorder: Presence of social withdrawal based on fear

of rejection Dependent Personality Disorder:

Dependence on others based on a fear of abandonment

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Anxious/Fearful Personality

Obsessive-compulsive Personality Disorder: Excessive preoccupation with orderliness,

perfectionism, and control Should not be confused with obsessive-

compulsive disorder

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Anxious/Fearful Personality

Groups at Risk: Comorbidity Gender bias Cultural bias

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Anxious/Fearful Personality

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Personality Disorders: Theory and Therapy

The Psychodynamic Perspective: Character disorders - disturbances in the

parent-child relationship The Behavioral Perspective:

Skills acquisition, modeling, and reinforcement

New learning

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Personality Disorders: Theory and Therapy

The Cognitive Perspective: Faulty schemas Altering schemas

The Sociocultural Perspective Sociocultural influence

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Personality Disorders: Theory and Therapy

The Neuroscience Perspective: Genes and personality Drug treatment Drugs and diagnosis

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Recapping the Main Points

Odd/Eccentric Personality Disorders Dramatic/Emotional Personality Disorders Anxious/Fearful Personality Disorders Groups at Risk Personality Disorders: Therapy and

Therapy

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End of Chapter 11

Personality Disorders