PSD-T1-AT1-1107-042_TERRASAR-X_FOR_THE_MONITORING_OF_NATURAL_DISASTERS.ppt

© PASCO CORPORATION 2011

PSD-T1-AT1-1107-042

RECENT EXPERIENCES UTILIZING TERRASAR-X FOR THE MONITORING OF NATURAL DISASTERS IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE WORLD

July 29, 2011

Yuki OkajimaKazuo Yoshikawa

Takashi ShibayamaPASCO CORPORATION

- 2 -© PASCO CORPORATION 2011

Contents

1. PASCO and Disaster Monitoring

2. Overview of TerraSAR-X

3. Emergency Response to Natural Disasters

4. Case Study of 2010 Haiti Earthquake

5. Case Study of 2011 The Great East Japan Earthquake

6. Summary


1.1 Overview of PASCO

< Profile >• Establishment : 1953• Head Office : Japan• International Network : Finland, Belgium, Brazil, Indonesia, Thailand, Philippine

s, China• Number of Employees : 2,413• ALOS Operations since April 2011.

< Corporate Mission >• We establishes spatial information system to protect people’s life and safety• We promptly grasps the situation of affected areas and supports humanitarian a

nd recovery efforts when disaster occurs.

< PASCO’s Platform and Sensors >14

Aircraft 27

Airborne Sensors 28

Mobile Mapping System 17

Distribution Right of Satellite Data

Platform and Sensors


1.2 Concept of Disaster Monitoring

Constructing the integrated social system and aiming to provide information within

three (3) hours

Global Disaster Management

Satellite data reception and processing

Expansion of the Satellite Ground Station Network

Observing wide area information and 3D data creationSpeedy day/night observation of the nation and data creationData creation for observing narrow area with high accuracyQuick analysis of acquired data from various sensors, its visualization and supply


2. Overview of TerraSAR-X

・ X-band SAR satellite launched by DLR in 2007・ Highest spatial resolution of 1m.・ Repeat cycle and revisit time are 11 days and about 3 days respectively. ・ Suitable for emergency observations thanks to cloud free SAR sensor’s characteristic.

Sensor Active phased array X- band SAR

Orbit type Sun- synchronous dawn- dusk repeat orbit

Repeat cycle 11days

Altitude 514km at the equator（）Inclination 97.44°

06:00 ± 0.25h Descending（）18:00 ± 0.25h Ascending（）

Equatorial crossing timeLocal time（）

Imaging mode

SpotLight StripMap ScanSAR

Specifications


3. Emergency Response to Natural Disasters

２００８ Jan Monitoring of GLOF (Glacial Lake Outburst Flood) in the Himalayas

　 Feb Eruption of Sakurajima volcano(Showa crater), Kagoshima Prefecture

　 May Damage interpretations around Kitagawa, the Great Sichuan Earthquake

　 Jun Changes in Iwate-Miyagi inland earthquake slip

　 Aug Heavy rain flooded area estimation Aichi (town district Hishiike Kouda)

　 Aug Overflow of Kosi River in Nepal

２００９ May Disaster in Northern Brazil (near the Parnaíba River)

May Estimation of flood disasters due to cyclone “Aila” in Bangladesh

２０１０ Jan Estimation of earthquake victims in Haiti

　 Mar ～ Apr 　 Iceland volcano monitoring

２０１１　　 Jan 　 Monitoring eruptions of Shinmoedake volcano in Kirishima

　　　　　　 Feb 　 Earthquake monitoring in Christchurch, New Zealand

　　　　　　 Mar 　 Providing information about the Great East Japan Earthquake

Major Initiatives

- 7 -© PASCO CORPORATION 2011(c)Infoterra GmbH, Distribution [PASCO] (c)Infoterra GmbH, Distribution [PASCO]

Flight Direction

Beam Direction

21:23:10(UTC) Jan 12, 2010Magnitude 7.0 depth 13km by USGS

Port-au-Prince

TerraSAR-X Image

4.1 2010 Haiti Earthquake

- Inland earthquake occurred on January 12, 2010 in Haiti. - Many buildings were collapsed in and around the capital of Port-au-Prince and it is reported that more than 200,000 people died in this earthquake.

Acq. Date (UTC)

Orbit Direction

Acq. ModePolarization

Inc. Angle

13 October 2009

Descending StripMap HH 39.1°

20 January 2010

Descending StripMap HH 39.1°

- Observation Specification


4.2 Detection of Collapsed Buildings

References1) Masashi MATSUOKA and Fumio YAMAZAKI: APPLICATION OF A METHODOLOGY FOR DETECTING BUILDING-DAMAGE AREA TO RECENT EARTHQUAKES USING SATELLITE SAR INTENSITY IMAGERIES AND ITS VALIDATION, J. Struct. Constr. Eng., AIJ, No. 558, 139-147, Aug., 2002

Diagram of Using Intensity Imagery

- Before Earthquake

Backscaterring of microwave radiated from a satellite is strong due to dual-bounce scattering between roads and buildings.

- After Earthquake

Backscattering becomes weak because microwave spreads toward various directions due to collapsed buildings.

⇒Collapsed buildings are detectable by the difference of backscattering coefficient.


4.3 Detection of Collapsed Buildings (cont.)

[ TerraSAR-X ]

[Optical Image]

Oct. 13, 2009

Oct. 11, 2009

Jan. 20, 2010

Jan. 13, 2010

(c) Infoterra GmbH, Distribution [PASCO] (c) Infoterra GmbH, Distribution [PASCO]

(c) GeoEye (c) GeoEye

Weak backscattering appear dark in the image.

After

After

Before

Before


4.4 Result: Detection of Collapsed Buildings


4.5 Result: Detection of Collapsed Buildings (cont.)


5.1 2011 The Great East Japan Earthquake

- The magnitude 9.0 earthquake occurred at 14:46(JST) on March 11, 2011 off the coast of Tohoku region.- Following tsunami severely damaged the coastline from Tohoku and Kanto regions and death and missing people reaches more than 25,000.

©PASCO ©PASCO


5.2 Emergency Observations of TerraSAR-X

①②

③


5.3 Data Acquisition and Analysis

Okinawa

Tokyo④Obser vation

⑤downlink

⑥transfer

⑦Analysis

Sendai City

Tokyo


5.4 PASCO’s Immediate ActionsDisaster 24 hours 48 hours 72 hours

14:46JST Mar. 11

Mar. 12 (Sat) Mar. 13 (Sun) First ObservationMar. 14 (Mon) Second

Observation

PASCO

15:30 Observation plan and order

20： 00Preparation for analysis and pre-Disaster images

AvailableGeospatial Information

Change Detection (Coastline of Miyagi)

- Areas less than 10m elevation above sea level

- Est. seismic intensity

-20km radius from FukushimaNuclear Power Plant 14:00- 22:00-

Est. flood area 18:00-

Pre-Disaster Image

Oct.21,2010 Mar.13,2011

Satellite Observation (Hokkaido – Kanagawa)

6:00 Observation12:00 Start of data provision

Est. Flood Areas (Coastline of Miyagi)

Acquisition of Optical Image (Fukushima Nuclear power plant)

Detection of Floating Objects (Sanriku – Ishinomaki)

Satellite Observation (Hokkaido – Chiba)Est. Flood Areas[ Prompt Report ]

Northern part of Fukushima

-Satellite images- Aerial photos-Census Map - DEM etc.

Cited from Google

17.7 km2 101.9 km2

14.6 km2 60.7 km2

6.0 km2 58.1 km2

15.1 km2 48.4 km2

15.2 km2 100.7 km2

68.6 km2 369.8 km2

Pref. MIYAGI

Higasi-Matsushima city

Iwanuma City

Sendai City (Miyagino)

Sendai City (Wakabayashi)

Natori City

Total

Area of CityEst. Flood Area


5.5 Change Detection of Inundation Areas with Pre- and Post-Disaster Images

Pre-disaster image: R

Post-disaster image: G, B

RGB color composition shows estimated inundation areas in red.

-These are made in 48 hours after the earthquake and color composition images with pre- and post-disaster.


5.6 Estimated Inundation Areas with a Post-Disaster Image

Acq. Date (JST) Orbit Direction Acq. Mode Polarization Inc. Angle

13 March 2011 Descending StripMap HH 37.3°

24 March 2011 Descending StripMap HH 37.3°

4 April 2011 Descending StripMap HH 37.3°

Conversion of DN value into backscattering coefficient

Areas more than a certain elevation to be masked to reduce commission errors caused by radar shadow.

Define a threshold to determine the possible water areas (underlying conditions, such as incidence angles, taken into account)

Inundation areas where the value is lower than the threshold are extracted and change maps are created.

- TerraSAR-X Observations

- Inundation Area Detection Method



March 13

March 24April 4



Water-pumping effort

Field survey for ground truth

Our analyses were used by River Bureau of Land, Infrastructure and Transportation Ministry to plan drain pump installation and confirm the outcome of their pumping efforts.


6. Summary

・ We have 22 emergency responses for major natural disasters,

　 including Haiti Earthquake and The Great East Japan Earthqua

ke in 4 years since the launch of TerraSAR-X.

・ Our analyses and maps of the disasters were provided to the n

ational and local government and utilized for the damage assessm

ent and recovery efforts.

・ We keep our disaster monitoring system strengthened and distr

ibute information and analyses of major disasters in order to furthe

r contribute to protect people’s life and safety.


PSD-T1-AT1-1107-042_TERRASAR-X_FOR_THE_MONITORING_OF_NATURAL_DISASTERS.ppt

Technology

earthquake monitoring

earthquake backscattering

haiti earthquake case

data creation data creation

terrasarx image

pasco pasco

iwatemiyagi inland earthquake

data acquisition