-
PROYEK AKHIR ARSITEKTUR PERIODE LlX, Semester Genap, Tahun
2010/2011
LANDASAN TEORI DAN PROGRAM
VELODROME 01 UNGARAN
Penekanan Desain :
" Arsitektur HI-TECH"
Permasalahan Dominan :
"KENYAMANAN BANGUNAN UNTUK BEROLAHRAGA "
Diajukan untuk memenuhi sebagian persyaratan
memperoleh gelar Sarjana Teknik Arsitektur
Diajukan untuk memenuhi sebagian persyaratan
memperoleh gelar Sarjana Teknik Arsitektur
Disusun oleh :
Brahmantyo.H. 03.11.0098
Dosen pembimbing :
Ir. Robert Rianto W, MT, IAI
-
--
j,
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN
PROYEK AKHIR ARSITEKTUR
Periode LlX,Semester Genap, Tahun 2010/2011
PROGRAM STUDI ARSITEKTUR,FAKUL TAS ARSITEKTUR DAN DESAIN
UNIVERSITAS KATOLIK SOEGIJAPRANATA
Judul : VELODORME 01 UNGARAN
Penekanan Desain : Arsitektur HI-TECH
Permasalahan Dominan : Kenyamanan Bangunan Untuk Berolahraga
Penyusun : Brahmantyo Herlambang, 03.11.0098
Pembimbing : Ir. Robert Rianto W, MT
Penguji : Ir.lM Tri Hesti Mulyani,MT
Ir.AMS Darmawan,M Bldg
Ir.R Darmono,MT
Semarang, 25 Maret 2011
Mengetahui dan mengesahkan
~ Ir.Robert Rianto W,MT
NPP .058.1.1993.142
Penguji Penguji
I~ Ir.lM Tri Hesti Mulyani,MT Ir. armawan,M Bldg
Ir.Darmono,MT
NPP .058.1.1989.048 NIP.1950 0806.1980 031001 NPP
.058.1.1991.098
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HALAMAN PENGESAHAN
PROYEK AKHIR ARSITEKTUR
Periode LlX,Semester Genap,Tahun 2010/2011
PROGRAM STUDI ARSITEKTUR,FAKULTAS ARSITEKTUR DAN DESAIN
UNIVERSITAS KA TOLIK SOEGIJAPRANATA
Judul : VELODORME DI UNGARAN
Penekanan Desain : Arsitektur HI-TECH
Permasalahan Dominan : Kenyamanan Bangunan Untuk Berolahraga
Penyusun : Brahmantyo Herlambang, 03.11.0098
Pembimbing : Ir. Robert Rianto W, MT
Penguji : Ir.lM Tri Hesti Mulyani,MT
Ir.AMS Darmawan,M Bldg
Ir.R Darmono,MT
Semarang, 25 Maret 2011
Mengetahui dan mengesahkan
Dekan Ketua
ur dan Desain
Koordinator
Proyek Akhir Arsitektur
Ir.BPR.Gandhi,MSA
NPP .058.1.986.015
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KATA PENGANTAR
Puji syukur kepada Tuhan atas Iimpahan rahmat dan karunia-Nya,
sehingga
penulis dapat menyelesaikan L TP Proyek Akhir Arsitektur Periode
59 yang berjudul
"Velodrome di Ungaran" dengan baik.
Dalam penyusunan L TP Proyek Akhir Arsitektur Periode 59 ini,
penulis
banyak menggunakan tabel-tabel dan diagram-diagram untuk
mempermudah dalam
memahami isi L TP ini. Penulis dapat menyelesaikan L TP Proyek
Akhir Arsitektur
Periode 59 ini dengan baik berkat bantuan, dukungan,
dorongan,dan bimbingan
moral maupun material dari berbagai pihak. Pad a kesempatan ini,
penulis sampaikan
rasa terima kasih yang sebesar-besarnya kepada :
1. Ir. Albertus Sidharta M, MSA, selaku Dekan Fakultas
Arsitektur dan Desain
Universtas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang.
2. Moediartianto, ST., M. Sc., selaku Ketua Program Studi
Arsitektur, Fakultas
Arsitektur dan Desain Universtas Katolik Soegijapranata
Semarang.
3. Ir. BPR. Gandhi, MSA, selaku Koordinator Proyek Akhir
Arsitektur Periode 59
4. Ir. Robert Rianto W,MT,IAI, selaku Dosen Pembimbing, yang
telah memberikan
motivasi, arahan, bimbingan, dan masukan dalam Proyek Akhir
Arsitektur
Periode 59 ini.
5. Dosen penguji yang telah memberikan kritik dan saran sebagai
masukan dalam
Proyek Akhir Arsitektur Periode 59 ini.
6. Orang tua dan keluarga yang telah memberikan dukungan moral
dan material.
7. Teman-teman seperjuangan yang turut memberikan dukungan dan
semangat
selama proses penyususnan Proyek Akhir Arsitektur Periode 59
ini.
iv
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8. Pihak lain yang tidak dapat disebutkan satu per satu karena
keterbatasan
tempat, yang telah membantu penulis dalam penyusunan L TP Proyek
Akhir
Arsitektur Periode 59 ini.
Semoga L TP Proyek Akhir Arsitektur Periode 59 yang berjudul
"Velodrome di
Ungaran" ini dapat bermanfaat bagi pembaca. Akhir kata, penulis
mengharapkan
kritik dan saran yang bersifat membangun demi masa depan.
Penulis
v
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DAFTAR lSI
HALAMAN JUDUL
..................................................................................................
i
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN
....................................................................................
ii
KAT A PENGANTAR
..............................................................................................
iii
DAFT AR lSi
...........................................................................................................
iv
DAFTAR GAM BAR
.......•...•..........•...........................•............•.....•••...••...•..............
viii
DAFTAR DIAGRAM
..............................................................................................
xii
DAFT AR T ABEL
...................................................................................................
xiv
BAB I. PENDAHULUAN
.......................................................................................
1
1.1. Latar Belakang Proyek
......................................................................
1 ::
1.2. Tujuan dan sasaran pembahasan
..................................................... 1
1.3. Lingkup Pembahasan ..... ..
.................................................................
2
1.4. Metoda Pembahasan
.........................................................................
2
1.5. Sistematika Pembahasan .................................
..... ............................ 5
BAB II. TINJAUAN PROYEK
.................................................................................
6
11.1.Tinjauan umum
........................................................................................
6
11.1.1 Gambaran Umum
..............................................................................
6
11.1.2 Latar belakang
..................................................................................
7
11.1.2.1 Perkembangan ............
.......................................................... 7
11.1.2.2 Trend ................. ..........
................................................. .. ..... 11
11.1.3 Sasaran yang akan dicapai ....................
......................................... 12
11.2 Tinjauan khusus
.....................................................................................
12
iv
-
11.2.1 Terminologi
....................................................................................
12
11.2.2 Jenis kegiatan
................................................................................
12
11.2.3 Spesifikasi dan persyaratan desain
................................................ 13
11.2.3.1 Spesifikasi desain
.................................................................
13
11.2.3.2 Spesifikasi desain
.................................................................
14
11.2.4 Oeskripsi konteks kota
...................................................................
14
11.2.5 Studi banding kasus sejenis
........................................................... 19
11.2.6 Permasalahan desain ............ ....
........................... ......................... 23
11.3 Kesimpulan ........................ ...... .........
...................................... .. ............ . 25
11.3.1 Kesimpulan
.....................................................................................
25
11.3.2 Batasan .................................
.......................................................... 25
11.3.3 Anggapan
.......................................................................................
25
BAB III. ANALISA PENDEKAT AN PROGRAM
.................................................... 26
III. 1. Analisa pendekatan arsitektur
............................ .... .......... .... ................
26
111.1 .1 Studi aktifitas
.........................................................
........................ 26
111.1 .2 Studi fasilitas .......... ..
.....................................................................
32
111.1.2.1 Kelompok fasilitas utama
..................................................... 33
111.1.2.2 Kelompok fasilitas pendukung
.............................................. 34
111.1.2.3 Studi ruang khusus velodrome
............................................. 35
111.1.2.4 Studi besaran ruang
.............................................................
43
111.2. Analisa pendekatan sistem bangunan
.................................................. 48
111.2.1 Studi sistem struktur dan enclousure
....................... .. .................... 48
111.2.2 Sistem utilitas ......................................
... ................ ... ...... ......... ..... 53
111.2.3 Studi pemanfaatan teknologi
......................................................... 60
111.3. Analisa pendekatan komplek
................................................................ 63
v
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111.3.1 Analisa konteks lingkungan ........ ....................
...... .............. ........... 63
BAB IV. PROGRAM ARSITEKTUR
......................................................................
78
IV.1. Konsep program
..................................................................................
78
IV.2. Tujuan perancangan,faktor penentu perancangan,faktor
persyaratan
perancangan ......... ...........................
.................................................... 83
IV.2.1 Tujuan perancangan
...............................................................
83
IV.2.2 Faktor penentu perancangan
.................................................. 83
IV.2.3 Faktor persyaratan perancangan
............................................ 83
IV.3. Program arsitektur ................... .......
........................ .. ........................... 84
IV.3.1 Program kegiatan dan fasilitas
................................................ 84
IV.3.2 Program sistem struktur.
......................................................... 89
IV.3.3 Program sistem utilitas
........................................................... 94
IV.3.3.1 Air
.................................................................................
94
IV.3.3.2 Jaringan listrik
...............................................................
95
1V.3.3.3 Sistem pengamanan kebakaran
.................................... 95
1V.3.3.4 Sistem komunikasi
........................................................ 97
IV.3.3.5 Sistem pengamanan bangunan
..................................... 98
1V.3.3.6 Sistem penangkal petir
.......................................... ........ 98
IV.3.3.7 Sistem pembuangan sampah
........................................ 99
1V.3.3.8 Sistem perangkap lemak
............................................... 99
1V.3.3.9 Sistem penghawaan
..................................................... 1 00
1V.3.3.10 Sistem pencahayaan
.................................................. 1 01
IV.3.4 Program lokasi dan tapak
...................................................... 103
vi
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BAB V. KAJIAN TEORI
.......................................................................................
105
V.1. Kajian teori penekanan desain ..... ............ ...
......................................... 1 05
V.1.1 Interprestasi dan elaborasi teori ........ ...... .....
... ...... ....... .... .. ............ 1 05
V.1.2 Studi preseden
..............................................................................
108
V.2. Kajian teori permasalahan dominan
..................................................... 1 09
V.2.1 Interprestasi dan elaborasi teori
..................................................... 1 09
V.2.2 Studi preseden velodrome sangalhos
.......................................... .. 112
KEPUST AKAAN ................................. II
•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
xv
LAMPI RAN
•.....•......•..•......•...................•..••.....•...........•........•..•...........................
xviii
vii
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DAFTAR GAM BAR
Gambar 1. Velodorme tenggarong
...................................................................
6
Gambar 2. Infield velodrome ...
........................................... .....
....................... 13
Gambar 3. Peta Semarang .....
.......................................................................
15
Gambar 4. Peta Ungaran .................
.................................................. ........ .. ..
16
Gambar 5. Guangzhou velodrome
.................................................................
19
Gambar 6. Trek guangzhou velodrome
.......................................................... 19
Gambar 7. lintasan velodrome ........................ ....
............ ............................... 19
Gambar 8. Interior guangzhou velodrome
...................................................... 19
c Gambar 9. Finish line guangzhou velodrome
............................ .. ................... 20
Gambar 10. Velodrome rawamangun
..............................................................
21
Gambar 11. Trek velodrome rawamangun .............. ........
................................. 21
Gambar 12. Duncgray velodrome
....................................................................
22
Gambar 13. Eksterior duncgray velodrome
...................................................... 23
Gambar 14. Eksterior duncgray velodrome
...................................................... 24
Gambar 15. Suasana velodrome
........................................ ..
........................... 36
Gambar 16. Lintasan sepeda
...........................................................................
36
Gambar 17. lintasan velodrome ........... .....
....................................................... 38
Gambar 18. Kursi ViP
......................................................................................
39
Gambar 19. Kursi umum
.............................................. ...........
......................... 39
Gambar 20. Kursi umum
..................................................................................
40
Gambar 21. Kursi ViP ........................ ....... ..
............. ........................................ 40
Gambar 22. Tribun velodrome
.........................................................................
41
Gambar 23. Tribun velodrome
.........................................................................
42
viii
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Gambar 24. Atap zincalume
............................................................................
49
Gambar 25. Struktur rangka
............................................................................
49
Gambar 26. Struktur kabel
...............................................................................
50
Gambar 27. Struktur cangkang
........................................................................
50
Gambar 28. Material baja
................................................................................
51
Gambar 29. Material alumunium
......................................................................
51
Gambar 30. Material beton
..............................................................................
51
Gambar 31. Pondasi footplat
...........................................................................
52
Gambar 32. Pondasi tiang pancang
.................................................................
52
Gambar 33. Smoke control
..............................................................................
57
Gambar 34. Heat detector
...............................................................................
58
Gambar 35. Spinkle system
.............................................................................
58
Gambar 36. Tabung CO2
...................................................................................
58
Gambar 37. Stand pipe
....................................................................................
58
Gambar 38. Interkom
.......................................................................................
59
Gambar 39. Sistem komunikasi eksternal
........................................................ 59
Gambar 40. Pintu otomatis
..............................................................................
60
Gambar 41. Bagian pintu otomatis ...........................
........................................ 60
Gambar 42. Sistem kerja pintu otomatis
.......................................................... 61
Gambar 43. LAN
..............................................................................................
62
Gambar 44. Pembagian BWK Kab. Ungaran
.................................................... 64
Gambar ':..
45. Peta Kab. Ungaran
.......................................................................
67
Gambar 46. Peta Kab.Ungaran
.......................................................................
70 .'
Gambar 47. Vegetasi dan tumbuhan
...............................................................
71
Gambar 48. Site Leyangan
..............................................................................
74
ix
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Gambar 49. Site Kalirejo ......
............................................................................
75
Gambar 50. Site Beji
........................................................................................
76
Gambar 51. Atap zincalume dan space frame
................................................. 79
Gambar 52. Amsterdam velodrome
............................................. ....................
80
Gambar 53. Gwangmyeong velodrome ............... ..
.......................................... 81
Gambar 54. Struktur rangka dan membrane
.................................................... 82
Gambar 55. Guangzhou velodrome
.................................................................
89
Gambar 56. Gwangmyeong velodrome
........................................................... 90
Gambar 57. Pondasi footplat
...........................................................................
91
Gambar 58. Pondasi tiang pancang
.................................................................
91
Gambar 59. Zincalume
....................................................................................
92
Gambar 60. struktur rangka
.............................................................................
92
Gambar 61. Sistem nodus ................
...............................................................
92
Gambar 61. Sistem nero
..................................................................................
93
Gambar 63. Tribun velodrome ................. ...
........................... ... ....................... 93
Gambar 64. Struktur spaceframe
.....................................................................
93
Gambar 65. Stand pipe
....................................................................................
95
Gambar 66. Fire extinghuiser
..........................................................................
96
Gambar 67. Hydrant pillar
................................................................................
96
Gambar 68. Sistem komunikasi internaL
.......................................................... 97
Gambar 69. Sistem komunikasi eksternal
........................................................ 97
Gambar 70. Kamera CCTV
..............................................................................
98
Gambar 71. Penangkal petir faraday .. ..
.............................. .... ... ......................
98
Gambar 72. Sistem penghawaan
....................................................................
1 00
Gambar 73. Sistem penghawaan
....................................................................
1 00
x
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Gambar 74. Pemanfaatan cahaya matahari
................................................... 1 01
Gambar 75. Down light
...................................................................................
1 02
Gambar 76. Spot light
.....................................................................................
1 02 '.
Gambar 77. Site terpilih
..................................................................................
1 03
Gambar 78. Velodrome laoshan
.....................................................................
1 08
Gambar 79. Stade velodrome
.........................................................................
1 08
Gambar 80. Perlengkapan sepeda
.................................................................
111
Gambar 81. Keamanan lintasan
.....................................................................
111
Gambar 82. Sangalhos velodrome
.................................................................
112
xi
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DAFTAR DIAGRAM
Diagram 1. Alur data primer dan sekunder
....................................................... 4
Diagram 2. Kerangka alur pikir
.........................................................................
4
Diagram 3. Aktifitas atlet.
................................................................................
28
Diagram 4. Aktifitas penonton
..........................................
.............................. 29
Diagram 5. Aktifitas wartawan
........................................................................
29
Diagram 6. Aktifitas official
.............................................................................
29
Diagram 7. Aktifitas seNis
..............................................................................
30
Diagram 8. Struktur organisasi
.......................................................................
30
Diagram 9. Pol a hubungan makro
..................................................................
31
Diagram 10. Fasilitas atlet
................................................................................
33
Diagram 11 F asilitas official.
............................................................................
33
Diagram 12. Fasilitas penonton
................................................
........................ 34
Diagram 13. Fasilitas wartawan
.......................................................................
34
Diagram 14. Fasilitas seNis
.............................................................................
35
Diagram 15. Jaringan listrik
..............................................................................
53
Diagram 16. Down feet water
...........................................................................
53
Diagram 17. Up feet water
................................................................................
53
Diagram 18. Limbah cair
..................................................................................
54
Diagram 19. Limbah padat
...............................................................................
54
Diagram 20. Pembuangan sampah
..................................................................
55
Diagram 21. Keamanan bangunan
...................................................................
56
Diagram 22. Sistem multimedia ................
............................ ............................ 62
Diagram 23. Konsep program
..........................................................................
78
Diagram 24. Aspek citra
...................................................................................
80
xii
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Diagram 25. Aspek fungsi .............. ................
.................... ........... ... ..... ........... 81
Diagram 26. Hubungan ruang .... ......................
................... ............................ . 86
Diagram 27. Up feet ..................... ...................
............... .... ...... ........................ 94
Diagram 28. Down feet. ...........
.........................................................................
94
Diagram 29. Jaringan listrik ............. ..............
.................................... ............... 95
Diagram 30. Sistem pembuangan sampah
....................................................... 99
Diagram 31. Perangkap lemak
.........................................................................
99
xiii
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DAFTAR TABEL
, .
Tabel1. Sumber-sumber data
....................................................... ........
.... ..... ... 3
Tabel2. Kegiatan pelaku velodrome ................... ... ...
...................... ................ 13
Tabel3. Kelompok aktifitas .................. ...
......................... ....... .. .... .................. .
28
Tabel4. Waktu penggunaan ruang
..................................................................
31
TabelS. Pendekatan jumlah pelaku
.................................................................
31
Tabel6. Besaran ruang fasilitas utama
........................................................... 43
Tabel7. Besaran ruang fasilitas pengelola ...............
......... .. .. .... .. .... ..... ........... 44
Tabel8. Besaran ruang fasilitas pendukung ............ ..
....... .. ... ... .... ................... 4S
Tabel9. Besaran ruang fasilitas servis
............................................................ 46
Tabel10. Kelompok ruang
................................................................................
46
Tabel11 . Kriteria pemilihan tapak
.....................................................................
77
Tabel12. Program ruang
...................................................................................
87
xiv