Provider-Perceived Barriers (from least to greatest) 5. Physical Access –Equipment Access –Building Access –Restroom Access 4. Appointments 3. Communication.

Provider-Perceived Barriers(from least to greatest)

5. Physical Access– Equipment Access

– Building Access

– Restroom Access

4. Appointments

3. Communication– Talking about Needs

– Understanding Provider

2. Insurance Coverage

1. Transportation

Physical Access Barriers

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Equipment Restrooms Building

Some saw equipment as more of a barrier

Physical Access Barriers

• Building and Restrooms are very similar

• For the most part, equipment access is a greater barrier

• Exceptions:– Detox

– Hospital

– HVMA

– MH/SA

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

Assist

ed L

iving

Health

Cen

ters

Detox

Dentis

ts

Hospita

ls

HVMA

I/P B

ehav

iora

l

MH/S

A clini

c

Primar

y car

e

Rehab

Met

hado

ne

Equipment Restrooms Building

Communication Barriers

0%20%40%60%80%

100%

Communication Understanding

Treated the same by providers

Communication Barriers

Communication & Understanding

0%

20%40%

60%80%

100%

Communication Understanding

• Both communication and understanding were treated the same by all providers

• Highest barriers for:– Detox

– I/P Behavioral

– Rehabilitation

• Lowest barriers for:– PC

Insurance Coverage

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Good: all medical facilities

Bad: most non-medical services

Insurance Coverage

• Coverage is a low barrier for all basic traditional health services

• Lowest for Detox c/c to methadone

• I/P Behavioral easier to cover than MH/SA

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

Assist

ed L

ivg

Health

Cnt

rs

Detox

Dentis

ts

Hospit

als

HVMA

I/P B

ehav

iora

l

MH/S

A clin

ic

Primar

y ca

re

Rehab

Met

hado

ne

Coverage

Transporation vs. Appointment

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

Appointments Transportation

• Transportation is by far perceived highest by all providers

• C/c: appointments easy to get, but transportation difficult

• Coincide, except:– Hospitals/Methadone– Rehabilitation

Major Barriers by Provider

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Cover

age

Equip

men

t

Comm

unica

tion

Restro

oms

Appoin

tmen

ts

Under

stan

ding

Build

ing

Tran

spor

tatio

n

Dentists Hospitals

MH/SA clinic Primary care

Health Centers/HVMA

Major Barriers by Provider

• Follow Similar Pattern within each barrier

• PC is lowest overall• Dentist is highest,

followed by HC & HVMA

Major Barriers by Provider

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

Dentists Hospitals

MH/SA clinic Primary care

Health Centers/HVMA

Notable Differences:

1. Coverage• PC & Hospital are lower than others• Dentist, MH, & HC are higher

2. Understanding• PC is lower than all others

3. Building Access• Dentists are distinctly higher than others

Provider-Perceived Access Barriers

Hypothesis 3:

There are differences between providers and consumers in their

perceptions of access barriers

Overall Barriers: Consumer vs. Provider

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

TOTAL Providers TOTAL Consumers

•Providers higher than consumers

• Similar pattern!

Overall Barriers

Coverage Transportation

Talking About Needs

Appointments Understanding

Equipment Restrooms Building

Consumer Provider

Provider: Appointments vs. Transportation

0%20%40%60%80%

100%

Appointments Transportation

Big Gap!

Consumer: Appointments vs. Transportation

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%

Transportation Appointment

Much Closer!

Consumer: Appointments vs. Talking

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%

Appointment Talking

Overlaps with Talking

Top Barriers:Outpatient MH/SA

Consumer Self-Report

1. Transportation

2. Coverage

2. Talking/Understanding

Provider-Perceived

1. Transportation

2. Coverage

3. Talking/Understanding

REMARKABLY SIMILAR!

Top Barriers:Freestanding Detox

Consumer Self-Report

1. Coverage

2. Transportation

3. Appointments

3. Talking

Provider-Perceived

1. Talking/Understanding

2. Transportation

3. Appointments

•Logistics are bigger barriers for consumers than is Talking about their needs.

Top Barriers:Inpatient Psychiatric

Consumer Self-Report

1. Transportation

2. Talking

3. Appointments

3. Coverage

4. Understanding

Provider-Perceived

1. Transportation

2. Talking/Understanding

3. Appointments

3. Coverage

Very similar; consumers see Talking about needs as more of a barrier than Understanding provider.

Top Barriers:Dentists

Consumer Self-Report

1. Coverage!

2. Appointments

3. Transportation

3. Talking/Understanding

Provider-Perceived

1. Coverage

1. Transportation

2. Talking/Understanding

3. Equipment

Top BarriersOutpatient Medical

Consumer Self-Report

1. Talking

1. Transportation

2. Appointments

2. Understanding

Provider-Perceived

1. Transportation!

2. Coverage

3. Talking

Consumers see Talking about needs as biggest barrier verses Transportation by providers; hospitals are similar.

Top BarriersHospitals

Consumer Self-Report

1. Talking/Understanding

2. Transportation

3. Equipment

4. Coverage

Provider-Perceived

1. Transportation!

2. Talking/Understanding

3. Coverage

4. Equipment

Top Barriers:CHC

Consumer

1. Transportation

2. Appointments

2. Talking/Understanding

2. Coverage

Provider

1. Transportation

2. Coverage

3. Talking/Understanding

4. Appointments

4. Equipment

Summary of Findings:Preliminary Results

• Barriers higher for providers vs. consumers• Similar pattern overall• Foremost barrier

– Provider = Transportation– Consumer not as clear

• Differences in perceptions– Importance of Appointments– Talking vs. Understanding