The Industrial Revolution AP European History Capital High School Proto
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The Industrial RevolutionAP European History
Capital High School
Proto
Why proto?
Definition of proto: “the first, the primitive, the original”
Proto-industrial revolution is the first movement of the industrial revolution, to be followed by massive expansion of industry in the 19th century
Closely related to...
The “putting out” system
Rural -> citiesRural labor = less demand
Merchant capitalists looking for
labor
=
“Putting out labor”
--> Cottage Industries
Raw materials or partially processed materials to family
Workers paid by the piece or garment
Merchants sell the product for profit
Problems with cottage industry...
Weights and measurements = constant dispute
Rural and organized urban labor hard to control (quality control)
Merchants look for more efficient means of production
--> the industrial revolution...
The industrial revolution begins with...
Textiles in England
Spinning and weaving of wool
John Kay: the flying shuttle
1733
James Hargreaves: spinning jenny
1764
Image from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spinning_jenny.jpg
Richard Arkwright: water frame
1769
Originally designed by John Kay, then sold to Arkwright who made it work
Samuel Crompton: the spinning mule
1779
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